CN114634268A - Multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants - Google Patents
Multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants Download PDFInfo
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- CN114634268A CN114634268A CN202210541227.1A CN202210541227A CN114634268A CN 114634268 A CN114634268 A CN 114634268A CN 202210541227 A CN202210541227 A CN 202210541227A CN 114634268 A CN114634268 A CN 114634268A
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- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
- B01J2523/40—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts of Group IV (IVA or IVB) of the Periodic Table
- B01J2523/47—Titanium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
- B01J2523/40—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts of Group IV (IVA or IVB) of the Periodic Table
- B01J2523/48—Zirconium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
- B01J2523/80—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts of Group VIII of the Periodic Table
- B01J2523/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2523/828—Platinum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46176—Galvanic cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
- C02F2101/327—Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons [PAH's]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants, which comprises a rainwater precipitation and diversion device, a catalytic region, a micro-electric composite filler region and a modified filler region, and can sequentially remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene) pollution and other main pollutants in sewage, such as COD (chemical oxygen demand), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, SS (suspended substances), oil substances, heavy metal elements and the like, through multistage treatment on initial rainwater. The environment hazard of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene) in the effluent treated by the multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants disclosed by the invention is greatly reduced, the removal rate of various pollutants is high, and the regeneration mode of equipment addition materials is simple and can be repeatedly utilized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants.
Background
Along with the rapid development of cities, the area of a watertight road surface is increased, the problems of air pollution and soil pollution are increasingly serious, and a large amount of pollutants enter a city drainage system along with rainwater from the atmosphere, the soil and the city roads, so that the burden of city drainage facilities is increased, the pollution of surface water bodies of the cities is easily caused, and particularly the environmental influence caused by initial rainwater is caused. At present, initial rainwater has become an important source of urban water environment pollution due to the characteristics of complex pollutant components and high pollutant content in the initial rainwater. The initial rain water is, as the name suggests, rain water at the initial stage of rainfall. Generally, the surface runoff precipitation is formed when the ground is 10-15mm thick. In the early stage of rainfall, a large amount of acid gases, automobile exhaust, factory waste gas and other pollutant gases in the air are dissolved in the rainwater, and after the rainwater falls to the ground, the rainwater in the early stage contains a large amount of pollutants due to scouring of roofs, asphalt concrete roads and the like, so that the pollution degree of the rainwater in the early stage is higher and even exceeds that of common urban sewage. The sewage is directly discharged into a river channel through a rainwater pipe, and the water supply environment is polluted to a certain degree.
Therefore, it is required to develop a pretreatment apparatus for preliminary degradation of pollution caused by rainfall in the initial stage of rainwater collection (particularly, for degradation of pollutants caused by initial rainwater). However, the research on the pollution of the initial rainwater is not deep, the pollution control of the initial rainwater mainly concentrates conventional pollutants (COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, SS, oil substances and the like), and pollutants with low content but great harm are often ignored.
Phenanthrene has the formula C14H10Is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. Phenanthrene is in the list of 3 carcinogens, and phenanthrene may also enter human blood by breathing, eating, etc., causing a risk to the cardiovascular health of humans. Phenanthrene is widely present in coal tar, is widely applied to resin manufacturing, clothing manufacturing (dyes), paper making industry, pharmaceutical industry and fuels, enters atmosphere, water and soil environments along with the production and use processes, and phenanthrene in the atmosphere, the water and the soil enters a city drainage system along with rainfall, so that the health and safety of people are directly influenced.
At present, the discharge limit of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene) in rainwater pollutants in wastewater in China is not regulated, and a treatment process for removing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene) in rainwater is not specially designed in China. The general biochemical process has low removal rate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants, cannot eliminate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene) substances can influence the overall treatment efficiency of sewage treatment facilities.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants, which is used for performing multistage adsorption degradation on pollutants in initial rainwater based on a special catalyst-loaded wire mesh and a specific special adsorption process, so that the toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants is reduced, the content of various pollutants is comprehensively reduced, and the aim of efficiently removing the initial rainwater pollutants is fulfilled.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants, which comprises a rainwater port cover plate and a stainless steel tank body which are movably connected, wherein a rainwater precipitation and diversion device, a catalytic region, a micro-electricity composite filler region and a modified filler region are arranged in the stainless steel tank body;
the rainwater impurity precipitation zone is fixed in the catalytic zone through the clamping groove, the microelectric composite filler zone and the modified filler zone are sequentially arranged below the rainwater impurity precipitation zone, and the connecting part of the microelectric composite filler zone and the modified filler zone and the two sides of the modified filler zone are respectively provided with a permeable stainless steel screen.
Furthermore, the rainwater port cover plate is movably connected with the stainless steel groove body through a detachable connecting device, and the catalysis region, the micro-electricity composite filler region and the modified filler region are movably connected through a detachable buckle.
Furthermore, the catalytic zone is connected with the micro-electricity composite filler zone through a flow-guiding water-permeable stainless steel plate, the micro-electricity composite filler zone is connected with the modified filler zone through a stainless steel plate, and a water-permeable stainless steel screen is arranged in the middle of the stainless steel plate.
Further, the catalytic zone is provided with a catalyst-loaded stainless steel wire mesh, and the catalyst-loaded stainless steel wire mesh is prepared by the following method:
s1, dipping the clean and dry stainless steel wire mesh into a zirconium nitrate solution, drying, dipping into a chloroplatinic acid solution, heating to boil, adding a hydrazine hydrate solution with the volume fraction of 10% for reduction, washing to remove chloride ions, and drying for later use;
s2, preparing titanium dioxide sol, pulling the stainless steel wire mesh treated in the step S1 in the titanium dioxide sol for 7-10 times, drying and roasting to prepare the stainless steel wire mesh loaded with the catalyst, wherein the roasting temperature is 480-520 ℃, and the roasting time is 1.8-2.2 hours.
Further, the concentrations of the zirconium nitrate solution and the chloroplatinic acid solution are respectively 0.4-0.6mol/L and 1.8-2.2mol/L, the time for soaking in the zirconium nitrate solution is 1.5-2.5h, and the drying temperature is 95-105 ℃.
Furthermore, the pulling speed is 0.3-0.5cm/s, and the stainless steel wire net needs to be dried at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 110 ℃ after each pulling is finished.
Further, the titania sol is prepared by the following method:
preparing titanium dioxide sol by a sol-gel method by using absolute ethyl alcohol as a solvent, butyl titanate as a precursor, glacial acetic acid as a stabilizer and nitric acid as a pH regulator;
wherein the preparation temperature is 28-32 ℃, the volume ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the butyl titanate is 3-5:1, the volume ratio of the water to the butyl titanate is 2-3:1, and the pH value is 3.3-3.7.
Further, the micro-electric composite filler region is filled with the micro-electric composite filler, and the micro-electric composite filler is prepared by the following method: firstly, placing 1-2cm PE micro plastic particles under ultraviolet irradiation for 6-7 days to prepare the UV-PE micro plastic particles, wherein the specific surface area of the UV-PE micro plastic particles is higher than that of the PE micro plastic particles, and the specific adsorption capacity of the UV-PE micro plastic particles is higher. Secondly, preparing 1-2cm cylindrical high-temperature sintered iron-carbon particles, and mixing the UV-PE micro plastic particles and the 1-2cm cylindrical high-temperature sintered iron-carbon particles according to a mass ratio of 1-2: 1-2, and obtaining the product, namely the micro-electric composite filler used by the equipment.
Furthermore, the modified filler area is filled with modified filler, and the modified filler is NaFe type zeolite. The NaFe type zeolite is prepared by adopting a hydrothermal method of high-temperature calcination of iron slag, fly ash, sodium hydroxide and deionized water. Firstly, respectively drying a fly ash raw material and iron slag at 110 ℃ for 24 hours, mixing the dried fly ash raw material with solid sodium hydroxide, placing the mixture in a muffle furnace at 700 ℃ for high-temperature calcination for 60 minutes, grinding the calcined product to form fly ash clinker, adding deionized water and the ground iron slag (the mass ratio of the fly ash to the sodium hydroxide to the iron slag is 1: 1.5:0.5) into the clinker, finally placing the clinker in a reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction, and washing, filtering and drying the mixture to obtain the modified filler-NaFe type zeolite.
Furthermore, a plurality of shunting holes are formed in the rainwater shunting area.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the multistage treatment system provided by the invention is provided with the rainwater precipitation and diversion device, so that large-particle impurities in initial rainwater can be simply trapped in a precipitation area, and the detachable rainwater precipitation and diversion device is convenient for cleaning the impurities.
2. The multi-stage treatment system is provided with the stainless steel wire mesh loaded with the catalyst, the catalyst can be activated by a small amount of light energy to perform catalytic reaction on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene) substances and other substances difficult to degrade in initial rainwater, and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene) substances are rapidly degraded.
3. The multi-stage treatment system is provided with the micro-electric composite filler, one micro-electric composite filler can perform micro-electrolysis to further degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene) substances and other substances difficult to degrade, and the PE micro plastic particles in the two composite fillers can selectively adsorb the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene).
4. The multi-stage treatment system is provided with the modified adsorption filler, so that the charged pollutants can be efficiently adsorbed, and particularly, the multi-stage treatment system has higher selectivity on ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and heavy metal elements in initial rainwater.
5. The multistage treatment system adopts a multistage structure for matching use, wherein the catalytic zone mainly plays a role in degrading organic matters, and the COD removal rate is low; the micro-electric composite filler region has a certain effect on removing COD. The modified filler zone has obvious effect on removing COD, so the multi-stage treatment system provided by the invention has obvious effect on removing COD.
6. The multistage treatment system has a multistage detachable structure, is convenient to replace and maintain, can be additionally installed and reconstructed on the basis of the existing cover plate, does not influence the layout of the existing drainage facility, has low cost, and can be applied to large-scale environment-friendly treatment projects.
7. The multi-stage treatment system is simple in daily maintenance, and can be reused only by periodically cleaning sundries in a precipitation area and sundries on a wire mesh and regenerating the micro-electric composite filler and the modified adsorption filler. The regeneration mode adopts a high-pressure cleaning mode after high-temperature desorption, and has the advantages of simplicity, easy obtainment, rich raw materials and environmental friendliness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a multi-stage processing system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rain gutter cover plate;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the multi-stage treatment system of the present invention without the rain cover;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the rainwater sedimentation and diversion device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the multi-stage treatment system of the present invention illustrating the process of treating rainwater;
FIG. 6 is a simulated adsorption curve of the microelectric composite filler to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene);
wherein, 1-rain water gap cover plate; 2-detachable connection means; 3-a stainless steel tank body; 4-a card slot; 5-guiding the water-permeable stainless steel plate; 6, a detachable buckle; 7-stainless steel plate; 8-water-permeable stainless steel screen mesh; 9-a rainwater precipitation and diversion device; 10-a catalytic zone; 11-a microelectric composite filler region; 12-a modified filler zone; 13-a rainwater collection area; 14-rainwater diversion area; 15-a rainwater impurity precipitation zone; 16-catch basin; 17-a rainwater overflow port; 18-rainwater pipeline.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants, which comprises a rainwater inlet cover plate 1 and a stainless steel groove body 3 which are movably connected, wherein the rainwater inlet cover plate 1 is a cover plate with a leak hole, rainwater can enter the stainless steel groove body 3 through the leak hole, and impurities with larger volume, such as branches and the like, can be separated and blocked, as shown in figure 1. As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of rectangular water inlet channels are uniformly arranged on the rain inlet cover plate 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the articulated connection is by means of a detachable connection means 2.
The stainless steel tank body 3 is internally provided with a rainwater precipitation and diversion device 9, a catalytic zone 10, a micro-electric composite filler zone 11 and a modified filler zone 12. As shown in fig. 4, the rainwater sedimentation and diversion device 9 is a combined structure, and comprises an inverted trapezoidal rainwater collecting area 13 at the upper end for collecting rainwater flowing from the rainwater inlet cover plate 1; the rainwater flow distribution device comprises a rainwater flow distribution region 14 connected with a rainwater collection region 13, wherein a plurality of flow distribution holes are formed in the rainwater flow distribution region 14, and can be opened and grooved according to local rainfall conditions, so that rainwater is subjected to flow distribution treatment when passing through the rainwater flow distribution region 14 and enters a catalytic region 10 below; including rainwater impurity settling zone 15 of being connected with rainwater reposition of redundant personnel district 14, impurity after the reposition of redundant personnel is then held back and falls into rainwater impurity settling zone 15.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, a clamping groove 4 is disposed in the catalytic region 10, and the rainwater impurity settling region 15 is fixed in the catalytic region 10 through the clamping groove. As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a stainless steel wire mesh loaded with a catalyst is disposed in the catalytic zone 10, and the catalyst loaded on the stainless steel wire mesh can efficiently degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene), and the catalytic effect can be activated only by a small amount of light energy.
The catalytic region 10 is connected with the micro-electrical composite filler region 11 through a flow-guiding water-permeable stainless steel plate 5, and the flow-guiding water-permeable stainless steel plate 5 is a conventional technology, is commercially available, does not belong to the protection content of the invention, and is not described herein again. The micro-electricity composite filler region 11 is filled with micro-electricity composite filler, can perform micro-electrolysis, and can further degrade and selectively adsorb polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene) substances and other substances difficult to degrade in rainwater flowing down from the catalytic region 10.
The micro-electricity composite filler area 11 is connected with the modified filler area 12 through a stainless steel plate 7, and a water-permeable stainless steel screen 8 is arranged in the middle of the stainless steel plate 7 and can further filter rainwater. The stainless steel plate 7 and the water-permeable stainless steel screen 8 are commercially available products so as to perform corresponding functions. The modified filler area 12 is filled with modified fillers, so that pollutants with charges in rainwater treated by the micro-electric composite filler area 11 can be efficiently adsorbed, and particularly, the modified filler area has high selective adsorption capacity on ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, heavy metal elements and the like in the initial rainwater.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, water-permeable stainless steel screens 8 are also disposed on two sides of the modified filler region 12, so as to perform infiltration and drainage treatment on the treated rainwater. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 1, the structures in the multi-stage treatment system of the present invention are all movably connected, for example, a rain cover plate 1 is connected with a stainless steel tank body 3 through a detachable connection device 2, for example, a catalytic region 10 is connected with the exterior of a micro-electric composite filler region 11 through a detachable buckle 6, and for example, the micro-electric composite filler region 11 is connected with a modified filler region 12 through a detachable buckle 6. Therefore, the multistage treatment device provided by the invention is of a multistage detachable structure, and is convenient for later maintenance and replacement.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 5, the multi-stage treatment system provided by the invention can be used independently, and can also be applied to the existing drainage facilities, such as a rainwater well 16, and a rainwater overflow port 17 is arranged on the detachable connecting device 2, so that rainwater can flow out from the rainwater overflow port 17 when the rainfall increases to exceed the treatment capacity of the device in a short period, and the rainwater can not gush. The finally treated rainwater may be discharged and treated through the rainwater pipe 18.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the catalyst-supporting stainless steel wire mesh is prepared by the following method:
(1) preparing Zr-Pt/stainless steel wire mesh by adopting step-by-step impregnation method
Firstly, the 80-mesh stainless steel is put into hydrochloric acid with the volume fraction of 5% to remove surface dust and oil substances, and then is put into distilled water to be cleaned and dried in a cool and dry place for later use. The dried stainless steel wire net is soaked in Zr (NO) of 0.4-0.6mol/L3）4Soaking the solution in 1.5-2.5 hr, oven drying at 95-105 deg.C, soaking in 1.8-2.2mol/L chloroplatinic acid solution, heating to boil, reducing with 10% hydrazine hydrate solution, washing with distilled water until no chloride ion exists, and oven drying at 95-105 deg.C for use.
(2) Preparation of titanium dioxide Sol
The titanium dioxide sol is prepared by adopting a dispersion water-adding mode, taking absolute ethyl alcohol as a solvent, butyl titanate as a precursor, glacial acetic acid as a stabilizing agent and nitric acid as a pH regulating agent through a sol-gel method. The preparation temperature is 28-32 ℃, and the absolute ethyl alcohol and the butyl titanate Ti (OC) are4H9)4In a volume ratio of 3-5:1, H2O and Ti (OC)4H9)4The volume ratio of (1) to (2-3) to (1) and the pH value of (3.3-3.7), the sol has stable properties and is transparent and light yellow.
(3) Nano titanium dioxide load
And (3) putting the dried Zr-Pt/stainless steel wire mesh into the titanium dioxide sol prepared in the step (2) for lifting. The total time of the lifting is 7 to 10 times, each time of the lifting is carried out at the speed of 0.3 to 0.5cm/s, and the silk screen is dried under the condition of 110 ℃ at 100 ℃ after each time of the lifting.
(4) Roasting
And drying the pulled wire mesh, and roasting in air at 480-520 ℃ for 1.8-2.2h, wherein the roasted product is the stainless steel wire mesh loaded with the catalyst.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the microelectric composite filler is prepared by the following method: mixing iron carbon particles and UV-PE micro plastic particles according to a mass ratio of 1-2: 1-2, and the particle size of the iron carbon particles and the UV-PE micro plastic particles is 1-2 cm. The UV-PE micro plastic particles are prepared by irradiating the PE micro plastic particles under ultraviolet light for 6-7 days.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the modified filler is a NaFe type zeolite, prepared by the following method: the iron slag, the fly ash, the sodium hydroxide and the deionized water are prepared by a high-temperature calcination hydrothermal method.
The method comprises the following steps: firstly, respectively drying a fly ash raw material and iron slag at 110 ℃ for 24 hours, mixing the dried fly ash raw material with solid sodium hydroxide, placing the mixture in a muffle furnace at 700 ℃ for high-temperature calcination for 60 minutes, grinding the calcined product to form fly ash clinker, adding deionized water and the ground iron slag (the mass ratio of the fly ash to the sodium hydroxide to the iron slag is 1: 1.5:0.5) into the clinker, finally placing the clinker in a reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction, and washing, filtering and drying the mixture to obtain the modified filler-NaFe type zeolite.
The invention discloses a multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants, which has the following principle:
firstly, rainfall flows into a rainwater well through a rainwater inlet cover plate 1, and large impurities can be intercepted through the cover plate;
secondly, rainwater enters a rainwater precipitation and diversion device 9 through a rainwater port cover plate 1 to be collected, large granular impurities are intercepted in a diversion region and fall into a precipitation region, and rainwater flows out of the diversion region and enters a catalyst-loaded stainless steel wire mesh region;
thirdly, the rainwater passes through a catalyst-loaded stainless steel wire net, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene) substances and other substances which are difficult to degrade are degraded for the first time under the action of light energy;
fourthly, rainwater enters the micro-electric composite filler region 11, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (phenanthrene) substances and other substances difficult to degrade are degraded for the second time under the micro-electrolysis condition, most of the residual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (phenanthrene) substances and other substances difficult to degrade are adsorbed by the PE micro plastic particles, and the PE micro plastic particles have a certain adsorption effect on other pollutants;
and fifthly, the rainwater passes through the modified adsorption filler, other main pollutants in the rainwater are adsorbed by the modified adsorption filler, the rainwater flows into a rainwater well from the device outlet and enters a rainwater pipeline, and the rainwater flowing into the rainwater pipeline has already finished primary pollutant treatment, so that the environmental pollution problem of the rainwater is reduced.
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with embodiments, which are included to explain the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Raw materials and reagents in the examples:
phenanthrene, C4H10Content of (A) to (B)>99%, alatin reagent limited; methanol, CH3OH, chromatographic purity, Aladdin reagent, Inc.
Phenanthrene methanol solution: firstly weighing 100mg of phenanthrene crystal under the condition of shading, dissolving the phenanthrene crystal in chromatographic pure methanol, transferring the solution to a 200mL volumetric flask, continuously metering the volume with methanol to obtain 500mg/L phenanthrene-methanol mother liquor, and storing the prepared mother liquor in a dark place for later use. In the experiment, a glass pipette is used to remove phenanthrene-methanol mother liquor with different volumes and ultrapure water, and phenanthrene solutions with different concentrations are prepared.
Example 1
This example provides a method for preparing a preferred catalyst-supported stainless steel wire mesh, including the following steps:
(1) preparing Zr-Pt/stainless steel wire mesh by adopting step-by-step impregnation method
Firstly, the 80-mesh stainless steel is put into hydrochloric acid with the volume fraction of 5% to remove surface dust and oil substances, and then is put into distilled water to be cleaned and dried in a cool and dry place for later use. The dried stainless steel wire net is dipped in 0.5mol/L Zr (NO)3）4Soaking the solution in 2.0mol/L chloroplatinic acid solution after drying at 100 ℃ for 2h, heating and boiling, reducing by using hydrazine hydrate solution with the volume fraction of 10%, washing by using distilled water until no chloride ions exist, and drying at 100 ℃ for later use.
(2) Preparation of titanium dioxide Sol
The titanium dioxide sol is prepared by a sol-gel method by using absolute ethyl alcohol as a solvent, butyl titanate as a precursor, glacial acetic acid as a stabilizer and nitric acid as a pH regulator in a dispersion water adding mode. The preparation temperature is 30 ℃, and the reaction is carried out by using absolute ethyl alcohol and butyl titanate Ti (OC)4H9)4In a volume ratio of 4:1, H2O and Ti (OC)4H9)4The volume ratio of (A) to (B) is 3:1, the pH value is 3.5, and the sol is stable in character and is transparent and light yellow.
(3) Nano titanium dioxide load
And (3) putting the dried Zr-Pt/stainless steel wire mesh into the titanium dioxide sol prepared in the step (2) for lifting. And carrying out lifting for 8 times in total, wherein each lifting is carried out at the speed of 0.5cm/s, and the silk screen is dried at the temperature of 100 ℃ after each lifting is finished.
(4) Roasting
And drying the pulled wire mesh, and roasting in air at 500 ℃ for 2.0h to obtain a product, namely the catalyst-loaded stainless steel wire mesh used in the invention.
Example 2
The effect of the catalyst-supported stainless steel wire mesh prepared in example 1 on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (phenanthrene) was tested, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing phenanthrene solutions (0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L) with different concentrations;
(2) the water catchment area of the experimental catalyst-loaded stainless steel wire mesh area is 10cm multiplied by 20cm, 5 layers of wire meshes are arranged, and the height is 10 cm;
(3) a 365nm ultraviolet lamp is adopted to replace visible light to irradiate the stainless steel screen loaded with the catalyst;
(4) simulating different rainfall to flow through the stainless steel wire net loaded with the catalyst (the flow is 10, 20, 40 and 100 mL/min), wherein the simulation time is 30 min;
(5) and (3) performing phenanthrene concentration determination on each group of experimental results by adopting a liquid chromatograph under the determination conditions: c18 chromatographic column, the column temperature is 40 ℃, the wavelength is 254nm, and the mobile phase is acetonitrile: water =60:40 (v/v).
The test results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 experimental results of stainless steel wire mesh loaded with catalyst on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene)
As can be seen from table 1, the stainless steel wire mesh loaded with the catalyst under the light energy condition has a higher degradation effect on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene) in water, although the removal rate of phenanthrene decreases with the increase of rainfall, the stainless steel wire mesh has a higher removal effect as a pretreatment facility for initial rainwater, particularly, the content of phenanthrene in rainwater is far less than the concentration of experimental configuration, and the lower concentration is more beneficial to removing pollutants.
Example 3
The effect of the microelectric composite filler on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene) is tested, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing phenanthrene solutions (0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L) with different concentrations;
(2) taking 4 parts of microelectric composite filler (10 g each part), respectively placing the microelectric composite filler in a closed brown reagent bottle with a cover, respectively transferring 200mL of phenanthrene solution with different concentrations into the bottle by using a pipette, fully shaking up, taking the solution in the bottle in different time periods (2 h) within 12h, measuring the phenanthrene concentration in the solution by using liquid chromatography, and calculating the adsorption capacity of the microelectric composite filler on phenanthrene at different concentrations and different time periods by using a formula 1.
In the formula, QhThe adsorption capacity (mg/g) of the micro-electric composite filler to the phenanthrene is obtained;
C0-is the concentration of phenanthrene in the initial solution (mg/L);
Ch-h is the concentration of phenanthrene in the solution (mg/L);
v-volume of solution (L);
m is the dosage (g) of the microelectric composite filler.
(3) From the results, an adsorption curve was simulated as shown in fig. 6.
As can be seen from FIG. 6, the adsorption amount of the micro-electric composite filler gradually increases along with the adsorption time, the micro-electric composite filler is saturated in adsorption for about 8 hours, and the saturated adsorption amount is about 5.5 mg/g. The adsorption rate is high in the initial adsorption period and gradually slows down in 2 hours, and the adsorption quantity is slightly increased along with the concentration of the solution. As the content of phenanthrene carried by rainfall is low, the multi-stage treatment system provided by the invention can be used for rapidly and effectively adsorbing and degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene) in the rainfall by adopting the micro-electric composite filler, and can be repeatedly used in a later period by a regeneration means.
Example 4
The method is characterized in that 2 adjacent rainwater openings of a certain street in Beijing are taken as experimental objects, the object 1 adopts the existing conventional rainwater grate, a sampling barrel is arranged below the rainwater grate, and the object 2 is replaced by the multistage treatment system provided by the invention. Sampling detection is respectively carried out on 2 experimental objects in different time periods during rainfall, and the treatment effect of the invention is verified.
Detection indexes are as follows: CODcr、SS、TP、TN。
The analysis method comprises the following steps:
table 2 experimental analysis method for contaminants
Sampling time: rainfall for 2min, 10min and 30min
TABLE 3 analysis of the results
As can be seen from Table 3, the multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants provided by the invention has a good effect of removing various pollutants in rainfall, and due to the characteristics of high initial rainfall pollutant content and large rainfall, the multistage treatment system provided by the invention has a high pollutant removal amount, so that a large amount of burden is reduced for subsequent urban drainage facilities, and the safe operation of the urban drainage system can be effectively guaranteed.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments thereof, it should not be construed as limited by the scope of the present patent. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without inventive work within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants is characterized by comprising a rainwater port cover plate and a stainless steel groove body which are movably connected, wherein a rainwater precipitation and diversion device, a catalysis region, a micro-electricity composite filler region and a modified filler region are arranged in the stainless steel groove body;
the rainwater impurity precipitation zone is fixed in the catalytic zone through a clamping groove, a micro-electric composite filler zone and a modified filler zone are sequentially arranged below the rainwater impurity precipitation zone, and a water-permeable stainless steel screen is arranged at the joint of the micro-electric composite filler zone and the modified filler zone and on two sides of the modified filler zone.
2. The multistage initial rainwater pollutant treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the rainwater cover plate and the stainless steel tank body are movably connected through a detachable connecting device, and the catalytic zone, the micro-electric composite filler zone and the modified filler zone are movably connected through a detachable buckle.
3. The multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants according to claim 1, wherein the catalytic zone and the microelectro composite filler zone are connected through a flow-guiding water-permeable stainless steel plate, the microelectro composite filler zone and the modified filler zone are connected through a stainless steel plate, and a water-permeable stainless steel screen is arranged in the middle of the stainless steel plate.
4. The multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants according to claim 1, wherein the catalytic zone is provided with a catalyst-loaded stainless steel wire mesh prepared by the following method:
s1, dipping the clean and dry stainless steel wire mesh into a zirconium nitrate solution, drying, dipping into a chloroplatinic acid solution, heating to boil, adding a hydrazine hydrate solution with the volume fraction of 10% for reduction, washing to remove chloride ions, and drying for later use;
s2, preparing titanium dioxide sol, pulling the stainless steel wire mesh treated in the step S1 in the titanium dioxide sol for 7-10 times, drying and roasting to prepare the stainless steel wire mesh loaded with the catalyst, wherein the roasting temperature is 480-520 ℃, and the roasting time is 1.8-2.2 hours.
5. The multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants according to claim 4, wherein the concentrations of the zirconium nitrate solution and the chloroplatinic acid solution are 0.4-0.6mol/L and 1.8-2.2mol/L respectively, the immersion time in the zirconium nitrate solution is 1.5-2.5h, and the drying temperature is 95-105 ℃.
6. The multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants as claimed in claim 4, wherein the pulling speed is 0.3-0.5cm/s, and the stainless steel wire mesh is dried at 110 ℃ at 100 ℃ after each pulling.
7. The multistage treatment system for initial rainwater contamination according to claim 4, wherein the titanium dioxide sol is prepared by:
preparing titanium dioxide sol by a sol-gel method by using absolute ethyl alcohol as a solvent, butyl titanate as a precursor, glacial acetic acid as a stabilizer and nitric acid as a pH regulator;
wherein the preparation temperature is 28-32 ℃, the volume ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the butyl titanate is 3-5:1, the volume ratio of the water to the butyl titanate is 2-3:1, and the pH value is 3.3-3.7.
8. The multistage treatment system for incipient rain contaminants of claim 1, wherein the microelectric composite filler zone is filled with a microelectric composite filler prepared by: mixing iron carbon particles and UV-PE micro plastic particles according to a mass ratio of 1-2: 1-2, wherein the particle size of the iron carbon particles and the UV-PE micro plastic particles is 1-2cm, and the UV-PE micro plastic particles are prepared by irradiating the PE micro plastic particles under ultraviolet light for 6-7 days.
9. The multistage initial rainwater contaminant treatment system of claim 1, wherein said modified filler zone is filled with a modified filler, said modified filler being a NaFe type zeolite.
10. The multistage initial rainwater pollutant treating system according to claim 1, wherein said rainwater diversion area is provided with a plurality of diversion holes.
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| CN114634268B (en) | 2022-08-02 |
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Inventor after: Yin Zhaolong Inventor before: Yin Zhaolong Inventor before: Yin Xijie Inventor before: Zhao Chunhong |