CN104485760A - Electromagnetic device capable of capturing metal object in high-speed motion in lossless way - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic device capable of capturing a metal object in high-speed motion in a lossless way. The main structures of the electromagnetic device are of two disc-shaped structures which are horizontally arranged, are oppositely arranged and are formed by multiple groups of concentric rings which are formed by arranging permanent magnet material blocks or electromagnetic bodies; a magnetic field which is distributed like the multiple groups of concentric rings and has inter-phase polarity between an N pole and an S pole is formed in a gap between the two disc-shaped structures, and the average amplitude value of the magnetic field is in gradient increment along the radius direction from the center part to the outer part; when the metal object in the high-speed motion flies into the gap between the two disc-shaped structures, the metal object cannot collide with the disc-shaped structures, linear motion is changed into circumferential motion while the speed is reduced, and the metal object can finally, statically and safely land on the surface of the lower disc-shaped structure.

Description

A kind of harmless calutron of catching high-speed motion metal object

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of device of catching high-speed motion metal object.

Background technology

Progradation, huge thrust is subject to from the metal object of reflector or propeller outlet, local deformation may be there is, thermal ablation, and collide with propeller, rub and occur various vestige, researcher wishes to obtain metal object from reflector or the most reset condition of propeller outlet moment very much, is used for abduction to analyze some problems produced in progradation.And traditional metal object grabber generally can with sandbox or other solid-state, fluid-like state media opposer, huge resistance and shock is subject to after metal object is entered, produce very large distortion even cracked etc., mask initial deformation state during metal object outlet completely, make the metal object of catching lose researching value.How nondestructively to catch the metal object of high-speed motion, be one of insoluble problem of propelled at high velocity research field always.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is the shortcoming overcoming prior art, propose a kind of calutron utilizing electromagnetic force contactlessly to catch high-velocity wire object.

The present invention is a kind of two disc structures by permanent magnetic material or the alternate annular arrangement of electromagnetic magnet polarization.When metal object flies into the gap between two disc structures, the magnetic field of change and the metal object of high-speed motion interact, while generation electromagnetic resistance, also the centripetal force allowing metal object move in a circle around two disc structure central shaft is produced, the motion mode of metal object is made to be circular motion by high-speed straight-line movement transition, and speed goes is slow, last thorough static landing.Due in whole moderating process, under the influence of a magnetic field, metal object and two disc structure are without any contact and crash, nondestructively remain the reset condition of metal object outlet most possibly, be convenient to the factors such as the stressed and motion state of researcher's object analysis in progradation, make reference for further optimizing and improve design.

The present invention can't harm the calutron of catching high-speed motion metal object and is arranged on propeller metal object exit position, be two horizontal positioned, just to arrange disc structure.Metal object heading is facing to the horizontal symmetrical face of center, disc structure gap, and metal object heading has horizontal eccentric distance relative to the line of centres of two disc structures.

Described disc structure is that many groups donut that the donut that is arranged in by permanent magnetic material block or electromagnet are arranged in forms.Gap between two disc structures is greater than the envelope cross section of metal object flight path, can not collide during to ensure that metal object flies into disc structure.Form many magnetic field that group concentric annular distributes, NS polarity is alternate in the gap of apparatus of the present invention between two disc structures, and the average amplitude in magnetic field is increased to outer radial direction in gradient by center.The mode forming this Distribution of Magnetic Field mainly contains two kinds, and one is that the dimensional thickness of the permanent magnetic material block of outer ring is progressively strengthened to outer radial direction by center, and two is when permanent magnetic material block size constancy, progressively reduces the spacing of disc structure from inside to outside.If the disc structure be made up of electromagnet, by changing the mode of the exciting current of different magnet, the magnetic flux density in the magnetic field that the magnetic field realizing external magnets generation produces than internal magnets is large.

The novel high speed metal object that the present invention proposes can't harm the research and development that acquisition equipment can be used for metal object propelling or emitter, or the harmless of high-velocity wire logistics transports.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The axis sectional drawing excessively of Fig. 1 the present invention a kind of pair of disc structure, in figure: disc structure on 1,2 times disc structures, the incident tracks of 4 objects, disc structure back iron on 5,6 times disc structure back irons;

The vertical view of disc structure under Fig. 2, in figure: disc structure on 1, the polar orientation of letter representation magnet, 3 metal objects by straight line enter gap between two disc structures, then start the movement locus moved in a circle;

Fig. 3 the present invention another can produce two disc structures that magnetic field from inside to outside strengthens gradually and cross axis sectional drawing, in figure: disc structure on 1,2 times disc structures, the back iron of disc structure on 5, the back iron of 6 times disc structures.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.

Fig. 1 is two horizontal positioned, just to the disc structure arranged: upper butterfly structure 1 and lower butterfly structure 2 cross axis sectional drawing, the direction of arrow is the polar orientation of magnet, lower with.As shown in Figure 1, two disc structures 1,2 are donut, and Fig. 1 shows four groups of disc structures.

Fig. 2 is the front view of a disc structure, and each annulus forms by producing the magnet arrangements of magnetic direction as shown in alphabetical in Fig. 2 N, S, is used for the Distribution of Magnetic Field that polarization NS is alternate, magnetic field amplitude size is identical or close.Concentric ring is all just right symmetrical structures size, symmetrical to ensure the magnetic field produced.

As shown in Figure 1, back iron is posted at the back side of two described butterfly structures, upper disc structure back iron 5 is close to the back side of disc structure 1, lower disc structure back iron 6 is close to the back side of lower disc structure 2, be used for the magnetic circuit at the short circuit magnet back side, upper disc structure back iron 5 and lower disc structure back iron 6 while the internal magnetic field of gap, shield the stray field that the whole device of the present invention is external between reinforcement two disc structures.

Donut in loop configuration shown in Fig. 1 is by outward interior, and size is increasing in a thickness direction, and the average field strength in two disc structure gaps is then increasing from inside to outside.Metal object incident direction in the incident track 4 of object as shown in Figure 1 and Fig. 2 and movement locus 3, when metal object enters at a high speed the gap between two disc structures, the vortex interaction induced in the magnetic field of alternation and metal object, metal object is slowed down and is subject to the centripetal force that one is pointed to disc structure central shaft, change rectilinear motion is circular motion, due to two disc structure specular, when the plane of symmetry of two disc structures of offset by gap on metal object traffic direction, magnetic flux is on one side compressed, produce the power that the plane of symmetry pointing to two disc structure is replied, therefore until metal object speed reduces to zero substantially, just can land on disc structure surface below, contact force is very little, also just can be very little to the damage of metal object, if one side from disc structure to gap coating skim as the lubricating type plastics of polytetrafluoroethylene and so on, power of touching when then landing to metal object can reduce further.

Fig. 3 is that another two just right upper disc structures 1 and lower disc structure 2 cross axis sectional drawing, the similar in its structure and Fig. 1.In order to produce the Distribution of Magnetic Field progressively strengthened from inside to outside in the gap between upper disc structure 1 and lower disc structure 2, the gauge of permanent magnetic material block is constant, and the size in gap between upper disc structure 1 and lower disc structure 2 reduces from inside to outside.If the butterfly structure formed by electromagnet, the magnetic flux density that also can be realized the ratio inside, magnetic field that outside magnet produces by the exciting current changing different magnet is large.

If the radius of the track 3 moved in a circle behind the gap that in Fig. 2, movement of metallic object enters between two butterfly structures is that R, R can be calculated by following formula.

wherein: m is the quality of metal projectile, and v is movement velocity, the centripetal force F that metal projectile is subject to _robtained by following formula:

here Br is magnetic flux density component metal object area integral infinitesimal ds pointing to the disc structure center of circle, μ ₀for permeability of vacuum relative coefficient.

Can be analyzed by above-mentioned formula and draw, between the quality of the size of donut, number, magnetic flux density that magnet can produce and metal object, speed, there is the relation mutually determined.

Between the least radius that the size of the radius R of the track that movement of metallic object moves in a circle after entering the gap between two butterfly structures should occupy multiple donuts of two disc structure and maximum radius, otherwise metal object directly will be gone out grabber and causes catching unsuccessfully.

The magnet apparatus of two disc structures that the present invention proposes, contactlessly can catch the high-velocity wire object flying into two disc structure gaps, become rectilinear motion progressively to slow down into circular motion, until speed just can be landed on lower disc structure surface after being kept to zero, without any collision in process, remain most possibly metal object fly into before reset condition, possess good researching value.In addition, in high-speed material conveying occasion, the speed of the harmless deceleration metalliferous material motion in local and direction can be used for.

The shape of device to movement of metallic object of catching high-speed motion metal object that can can't harm that the present invention proposes is not strict with, and the distance between two disc structure is larger than the full-size of metal object envelope profile.

Claims (6)

1. a harmless calutron of catching high-speed moving object, is characterized in that, the agent structure of described calutron is two horizontal positioned, just to the disc structure arranged; Described butterfly structure is that the donut be arranged in by permanent magnetic material block forms, or the many groups donut be arranged in by electromagnetic magnet forms; In gap between two disc structures, formation many groups concentric annular distributes, the magnetic field that polarity of the magnetic field NS is alternate, magnetic field amplitude is identical or close.

2., according to harmless calutron of catching high-speed moving object according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the average amplitude in the magnetic field formed in the gap between two described disc structures is increased to outer radial direction gradient by center; The method forming this Distribution of Magnetic Field mode has two kinds, one is that the dimensional thickness of the permanent magnetic material block of outer concentric annulus is progressively strengthened to outer radial direction by center, two is when the size constancy of permanent magnetic material block, progressively reduces the spacing of two disc structures from inside to outside; If the disc structure be made up of electromagnet, realize described Distribution of Magnetic Field mode by the exciting current changing diverse location magnet.

3., according to the harmless calutron of catching high-speed moving object described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the radius of described donut $R=\frac{{\mathrm{mv}}^2}{F_r},$

Wherein: $F_r=\∫\frac{{B_r}^2}{2{\mathrm{\μ}}_0}\mathrm{ds},$

R is between the maximum radius and least radius of the donut of upper and lower two butterfly structures.

4., according to harmless calutron of catching high-speed moving object according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the flexible plastic protective layer of surface-coated that described disc structure is inside.

5., according to harmless calutron of catching high-speed moving object according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the gap between two described disc structures is greater than the envelope cross section of metal object flight path.

6. according to harmless calutron of catching high-speed moving object according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, back iron is posted at the back side of two described butterfly structures: the back side of upper disc structure (1) is glued with disc structure back iron (5), and the back side of lower disc structure (2) is glued with lower disc structure back iron (6).