CN104478804B - 双含氮杂环化合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于有机合成技术领域,公开了一种双含氮杂环化合物及其制备方法、应用。通式如下:其中,R1=H、p‑CH3、p‑Cl、p‑F或p‑Br,R2=H、p‑CH3、p‑F、3,4‑di‑CH3或p‑Br。本发明的制备方法是以苯肼或取代苯肼盐酸盐为原料,与乙酰丙酮反应得到芳基吡唑化合物b,化合物b在Vilsmeier条件下甲酰化高产率、高选择性的得到了1‑芳基‑4‑吡唑醛化合物c,再在EtOH溶剂中化合物c与苯乙酮发生羟醛缩合得到查尔酮类化合物d,查尔酮类化合物d再与苯肼或取代苯肼盐酸盐在EtOH溶剂中缩合成环得到双含氮杂环化合物e。本发明的制备方法工艺简单,反应条件温和,产率高,后处理相对容易,具有可操作性,适宜于规模化制备。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成技术领域,特别涉及一种双含氮杂环化合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
吡唑衍生物由于具有高的荧光量子产率,同时又是一类具有电子给体(D)-电子受体(A)结构单元的分子内电荷转移化合物,因而在有机半导体材料、有机光电功能材料、有机非线性光学材料、有机电致发光材料等方面得到应用,展示出十分活跃的应用前景。同时此类化合物具有很强的生理活性,在抗癌、抗氧化、自由基清除和作为除草剂方面而被广泛的应用。另一方面吡唑衍生物及其金属配合物被广泛地应用于有机合成化学、温室气体的控制与利用、环境监测与分子、离子的识别等方面。近年来新的吡唑类化合物不断地被发现和合成,随着人们不断针对性地对吡唑类化合物进行结构修饰和改造,加强对其构效关系的研究,越来越多的吡唑类化合物在农药、医药、新材料上得到应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种双含氮杂环化合物及其制备方法和应用
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案如下:
双含氮杂环化合物,通式如下:
其中,R1=H、p-CH3、p-Cl、p-F或p-Br,R2=H、p-CH3、p-F、3,4-di-CH3或p-Br。
本发明的制备方法是以苯肼或取代苯肼盐酸盐为原料,与乙酰丙酮反应得到芳基吡唑化合物b,化合物b在Vilsmeier条件下甲酰化高产率、高选择性的得到了1-芳基-4-吡唑醛化合物c,再在EtOH溶剂中化合物c与苯乙酮发生羟醛缩合得到查尔酮类化合物d,查尔酮类化合物d再与苯肼或取代苯肼盐酸盐在EtOH溶剂中缩合成环得到双含氮杂环化合物e。合成路线如下:
具体地,包括以下步骤:
(1)以苯肼或取代苯肼盐酸盐和乙酰丙酮为原料,在甲醇溶剂中加入0.6-1mol/L的盐酸,搅拌回流1-3h,用氢氧化钠溶液调pH值至中性,乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥剂干燥,减压蒸出溶剂,乙醇重结晶,得化合物b;
(2)事先干燥好的DMF在冰水浴中冷却至0-10℃,搅拌下滴加POCl3,滴加完毕后继续搅拌混匀,升温到70-100℃,加入化合物b的DMF溶液(DMF的量只要能溶解化合物b即可),反应5-9h后趁热倒入冰水中,放置至水解完全,抽滤,水洗,干燥,硅胶柱层析纯化,得化合物c;
(3)化合物c与苯乙酮混合溶于无水乙醇中,加入0.5-2.0mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液,搅拌回流1-3h,冷却至室温,抽滤、干燥、乙醇重结晶,得化合物d;
(4)化合物d与苯肼或取代苯肼盐酸盐混合溶于无水乙醇中,加入0.5-2.0mol/L的盐酸,搅拌回流6-10h,用K2CO3溶液调pH值至中性,抽滤,干燥,硅胶柱层析纯化,得化合物e。
步骤(1)中,所述取代苯肼盐酸盐为对甲基苯肼盐酸盐、对氟苯肼盐酸盐、对氯苯肼盐酸盐、对溴苯肼盐酸盐。
步骤(4)中,所述取代苯肼盐酸盐为对甲基苯肼盐酸盐、对氟苯肼盐酸盐、对溴苯肼盐酸盐、3,4-二甲基苯肼盐酸盐。
较好地,步骤(1),每1mmol的苯肼或取代苯肼盐酸盐,添加0.5-1.5mL的甲醇和0.5-1.2mL的盐酸。
较好地,步骤(2)中,事先干燥好的DMF、POCl3与化合物b的摩尔比为1.5-3.5︰1.5-3.5︰1。
较好地,步骤(3)中,每1mmol的化合物c,添加5-20mL的无水乙醇和1-5mL的氢氧化钠溶液。
较好地,步骤(4)中,每1mmol的化合物d,添加10-30mL的无水乙醇和0.5-2.0mL的盐酸。
较好地,步骤(2)和步骤(4)中,硅胶柱层析时,采用的淋洗液由体积比1-3︰1-3的乙酸乙酯与环己烷组成。
本发明的双含氮杂环化合物可以用于制备荧光材料或用于离子识别。
本发明是基于吡唑与吡唑啉酮的结构,合成了四个系列25种双含氮杂环衍生物,大大拓宽了双含氮杂环化合物的研究和应用领域;本发明合成的双含氮杂环化合物具有强的荧光性能和生物活性;本发明的制备方法工艺简单,反应条件温和,产率高,后处理相对容易,具有可操作性,适宜于规模化制备。
附图说明
图1为本发明的化合物e1-e5的荧光光谱图;
图2为本发明的化合物e6-e10的荧光光谱图;
图3为本发明的化合物e11-e15的荧光光谱图;
图4为本发明的化合物e16-e20的荧光光谱图;
图5为本发明的化合物e21-e25的荧光光谱图;
图6为本发明的化合物e3中加入不同金属离子的荧光光谱图。
具体实施方式
实验仪器名称与型号:BRUKER AV400型核磁共振仪(CDCl3做溶剂);质谱仪(ESQUIRE-LC)。
实施例1
3-苯基-5-(1-苯基-3,5-二甲基吡唑基)-1-苯基-4,5-二氢-1-氢-吡唑(e1)的制备:
(1)1-苯基-3,5-二甲基吡唑(b1)的制备
向100mL三颈瓶中加入20mL甲醇、20mL 0.8mol/L的盐酸、3mL(30mmol)乙酰丙酮、3.24g(30mmol)苯肼,在磁力搅拌下加热回流1.5h,浓缩溶剂,用饱和氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至中性,乙酸乙酯萃取(5×20mL),无水碳酸钾干燥,减压蒸出溶剂,用75v%乙醇重结晶,得淡黄色固体(即化合物b1),产率91%。
(2)1-苯基-3,5-二甲基-4-吡唑醛(c1)的制备
向100mL的三口圆底烧瓶中加入事先干燥好的DMF 17mL(0.22mol),用冰水浴将其冷却至0-10℃,在机械搅拌下用恒压滴液漏斗滴加20mL(0.22mol)POCl3,滴加完毕后继续搅拌0.5h,升温到80℃,缓慢加入溶有17.22g(0.1mol)1-苯基-3,5-二甲基吡唑(化合物b1)的DMF溶液,反应6h后趁热倒入100mL冰水中。放置过夜,抽滤,水洗,干燥,以体积比为3:2的乙酸乙酯和环己烷为洗脱剂进行硅胶柱层析法分离,得淡黄色晶体(即化合物c1),产率54%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+):201.2,found:201.0.1H NMR(CDCl3):2.53(s,3H,CH3),2.56(s,3H,CH3),7.41-7.42(m,1H,Ar-H),7.45-7.47(m,2H,Ar-H),7.49-7.51(m,2H,Ar-H),10.03(s,1H,CHO).
(3)3-(3,5-二甲基-1-苯基-1H-4-吡唑基)-1-苯基丙二烯-1-酮(d1)的制备
1mmol 1-芳基-3,5-二甲基-4-吡唑醛(化合物c1)与1.2mmol苯乙酮混合溶于10mL无水乙醇中,加入1mL1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液,在80℃的水浴中搅拌回流4h,冷却至室温,抽滤、干燥、无水乙醇重结晶,得查尔酮化合物d1,产率79%。
(4)3-苯基-5-(1-苯基-3,5-二甲基吡唑基)-1-苯基-4,5-二氢-1-氢-吡唑(e1)的制备
向100mL的三颈瓶中加入1mmol的查尔酮(化合物d1)0.30g和1.2mmol的苯肼0.13g溶于20mL的无水乙醇中,加入0.8mL的盐酸(0.8mol/L),加热回流8h,反应过程用TLC板进行检测。放置过夜,用35%(质量百分比)的K2CO3溶液调节pH值至中性,抽滤,干燥,采用乙酸乙酯:环己烷=1:3(体积比)的硅胶柱层析法分离,得到淡黄色固体粉末0.11g(即化合物e1),产率45%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)392.5,found:393.2.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.22(s,3H,CH3),2.31(s,3H,CH3),3.19(dd,1H,J=17.2,8.4Hz,CH2-H),3.81(dd,1H,J=17.2,12.8Hz,CH2-H),5.27(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.4Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.82(t,1H,J=7.3Hz,Ar-H),7.09-7.14(m,2H,Ar-H),7.22(t,2H,J=8.0Hz,Ar-H),7.33-7.38(m,5H,Ar-H),7.39-7.46(m,3H,Ar-H),7.73-7.78(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3057(Ar-H),2920(CH2),1596(PyrazolineC=N),1503,1477(C=C),1243(C-N).
实施例2
制备3-苯基-5-(1-芳基-3,5-二甲基吡唑基)-1-芳基-4,5-二氢-1-氢-吡唑(e2-e25):
实施例1步骤(1)中的原料苯肼分别换为对甲基苯肼盐酸盐、对氟苯肼盐酸盐、对氯苯肼盐酸盐、对溴苯肼盐酸盐,采用与实施例1的步骤(1)、(2)相同的实验步骤制备c2-c5;用步骤(2)制备的化合物c2-c5分别与苯乙酮作为原料,采用与实施例1的步骤(3)相同的实验步骤制备化合物d2-d5;实施例1步骤(4)中的原料苯肼以及随后再分别换为对甲基苯肼盐酸盐、3,4-二甲基苯肼盐酸盐、对氟苯肼盐酸盐、对溴苯肼盐酸盐,一一再分别与步骤(3)制备的化合物d1-d5作为原料,采用与实施例1的步骤(4)相同的实验步骤制备化合物e2-e25。
实施例2产品的实验数据如下:
3-苯基-5-(1-苯基-3,5-二甲基吡唑基)-1-(4-甲基苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e2):产率52%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)406.5,found:407.6.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.22(s,3H,CH3),2.26(s,3H,CH3),2.30(s,3H,CH3),3.17(dd,1H,J=17.2,8.8Hz,CH2-H),3.78(dd,1H,J=17.1,12.8Hz,CH2-H),5.22(dd,1H,J=12.7,8.8Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),7.02(s,4H,Ar-H),7.31-7.38(m,5H,Ar-H),7.40-7.45(m,3H,Ar-H),7.74-7.76(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3058(Ar-H),2923(CH2),1598(Pyrazoline C=N),1515,1449(C=C),1242(C-N).
3-苯基-5-(1-苯基-3,5-二甲基吡唑基)-1-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e3):产率57%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)420.6,found:421.7.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.17(s,3H,CH3),2.22(s,3H,CH3),2.23(s,3H,CH3),2.31(s,3H,CH3),3.16(dd,1H,J=17.2,8.8Hz,CH2-H),3.78(dd,1H,J=17.2,12.9Hz,CH2-H),5.21(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.8Hz,pyrazoline5C-H),6.78(dd,1H,J=8.2,2.4Hz,Ar-H),6.99(dd,2H,J=26.0,5.2Hz,Ar-H),7.31-7.39(m,5H,Ar-H),7.41-7.43(m,3H,Ar-H),7.74-7.77(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3058(Ar-H),2920(CH2),1598(Pyrazoline C=N),1505,1448(C=C),1242(C-N).
3-苯基-5-(1-苯基-3,5-二甲基吡唑基)-1-(4-氟苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e4):产率51%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)410.5,found:411.7.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.22(s,3H,CH3),2.30(s,3H,CH3),3.19(dd,1H,J=17.2,9.0Hz,CH2-H),3.79(dd,1H,J=17.2,12.7Hz,CH2-H),5.20(dd,1H,J=12.7,8.9Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.90-6.95(m,2H,Ar-H),7.03-7.06(m,2H,Ar-H),7.34-7.39(m,5H,Ar-H),7.41-7.46(m,3H,Ar-H),7.73-7.76(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3056(Ar-H),2924(CH2),1599(Pyrazoline C=N),1507,1446(C=C),1248(C-N).
3-苯基-5-(1-苯基-3,5-二甲基吡唑基)-1-(4-溴苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e5):产率53%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd[(M+K)]+471.4,found:510.0.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.19(s,3H,CH3),2.28(s,3H,CH3),3.19(dd,1H,J=17.3,8.1Hz,CH2-H),3.81(dd,1H,J=17.3,12.8Hz,CH2-H),5.24(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.2Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.96-6.99(m,2H,Ar-H),7.27-7.31(m,2H,Ar-H),7.33-7.39(m,5H,Ar-H),7.41-7.44(m,3H,Ar-H),7.74-7.76(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3061(Ar-H),2924(CH2),1590(Pyrazoline C=N),1504,1446(C=C),1246(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-甲基苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基)]-1-苯基-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e6):产率55%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)406.5,found:407.3.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.21(s,3H,CH3),2.35(s,3H,CH3),2.40(s,3H,CH3),3.20(dd,1H,J=17.2,8.4Hz,CH2-H),3.82(dd,1H,J=17.2,12.8Hz,CH2-H),5.28(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.4Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.84(dd,1H,J=10.3,4.2Hz,Ar-H),7.13(dd,2H,J=8.8,1.1Hz,Ar-H),7.23(dd,2H,J=7.0,1.7Hz,Ar-H),7.28(d,2H,J=3.6Hz,Ar-H),7.34-7.47(m,5H,Ar-H),7.74-7.81(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3058(Ar-H),2921(CH2),1597(Pyrazoline C=N),1495,1448(C=C),1244(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-甲基苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(4-甲基苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e7):产率68%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd[(M+K)]+420.6,found:459.4.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.19(s,3H,CH3),2.26(s,3H,CH3),2.30(s,3H,CH3),2.38(s,3H,CH3),3.16(dd,1H,J=17.1,8.9Hz,CH2-H),3.77(dd,1H,J=17.1,12.8Hz,CH2-H),5.21(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.8Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),7.02(s,4H,Ar-H),7.23(s,4H,Ar-H),7.29-7.35(m,1H,Ar-H),7.38-7.42(m,2H,Ar-H),7.73-7.76(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3035(Ar-H),2922(CH2),1620(Pyrazoline C=N),1517,1448(C=C),1249(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-甲基苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e8):产率:65%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)434.6,found:435.6.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.17(s,3H,CH3),2.20(s,3H,CH3),2.22(s,3H,CH3),2.31(s,3H,CH3),2.38(s,3H,CH3),3.19(dd,1H,J=17.2,8.8Hz,CH2-H),3.77(dd,1H,J=17.0,12.9Hz,CH2-H),5.20(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.9Hz,pyrazoline5C-H),6.79(s,1H,Ar-H),6.93-7.02(m,2H,Ar-H),7.23(s,3H,Ar-H),7.33-7.35(m,2H,Ar-H),7.38-7.41(m,2H,Ar-H),7.74-7.75(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3031(Ar-H),2921(CH2),1614(Pyrazoline C=N),1507,1448(C=C),1244(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-甲基苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(4-氟苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e9):产率61%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)424.5,found:425.5.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.18(s,3H,CH3),2.29(s,3H,CH3),2.39(s,3H,CH3),3.18(dd,1H,J=17.1,9.2Hz,CH2-H),3.79(dd,1H,J=17.0,13.0Hz,CH2-H),5.19(dd,1H,J=12.7,9.0Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.92(t,2H,J=8.7Hz,Ar-H),7.04(dd,2H,J=9.1,4.7Hz,Ar-H),7.23(s,4H,Ar-H),7.35(d,1H,J=7.0Hz,Ar-H),7.41(t,2H,J=7.4Hz,Ar-H),7.74(d,2H,J=7.3Hz,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3037(Ar-H),2921(CH2),1613(Pyrazoline C=N),1509,1447(C=C),1250(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-甲基苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(4-溴苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e10):产率49%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)485.4,found:486.1.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.16(s,3H,CH3),2.27(s,3H,CH3),2.38s,3H,CH3),3.18(dd,1H,J=17.3,8.2Hz,CH2-H),3.80(dd,1H,J=17.3,12.7Hz,CH2-H),5.23(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.2Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.95-6.99(m,2H,Ar-H),7.23(s,4H,Ar-H),7.27-7.28(m,1H,Ar-H),7.29-7.31(m,1H,Ar-H),7.33-7.37(m,1H,Ar-H),7.39-7.43(m,2H,Ar-H),7.72-7.75(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3037(Ar-H),2921(CH2),1613(Pyrazoline C=N),1502,1446(C=C),1249(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-氟苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-苯基-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e11):产率52%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)410.5,found:411.3.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.18(s,3H,CH3),2.32(s,3H,CH3),3.17(dd,1H,J=17.2,8.3Hz,CH2-H),3.80(dd,1H,J=17.2,12.8Hz,CH2-H),5.26(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.3Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.83(t,1H,J=7.3Hz,Ar-H),7.08-7.17(m,2H,Ar-H),7.20-7.25(m,2H,Ar-H),7.30-7.37(m,5H,Ar-H),7.39-7.47(m,2H,Ar-H),7.75-7.77(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3058(Ar-H),2922(CH2),1596(Pyrazoline C=N),1495,1448(C=C),1222(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-氟苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(4-甲基苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e12):产率47%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)424.5,found:425.5.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.20(s,3H,CH3),2.28(s,3H,CH3),2.34(s,3H,CH3),3.17(dd,1H,J=17.1,8.1Hz,CH2-H),3.81(dd,1H,J=17.1,12.8Hz,CH2-H),5.24(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.7Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),7.01-7.06(m,4H,Ar-H),7.12-7.20(m,2H,Ar-H),7.34-7.38(m,3H,Ar-H),7.41-7.48(m,2H,Ar-H),7.75-7.78(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3031(Ar-H),2920(CH2),1608(Pyrazoline C=N),1502,1447(C=C),1223(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-氟苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e13):产率62%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd[(M+K)]+438.5,found:477.3.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.17(s,3H,CH3),2.19(s,3H,CH3),2.22(s,3H,CH3),2.27(s,3H,CH3),3.15(dd,1H,J=17.2,8.7Hz,CH2-H),3.79(dd,1H,J=17.3,12.8Hz,CH2-H),5.21(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.6Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.71-6.76(m,1H,Ar-H),6.95-7.01(m,2H,Ar-H),7.11-7.17(m,2H,Ar-H),7.32-7.36(m,3H,Ar-H),7.40-7.44(m,2H,Ar-H),7.73-7.76(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3025(Ar-H),2923(CH2),1608(Pyrazoline C=N),1502,1448(C=C),1224(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-氟苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(4-氟苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e14):产率68%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)428.5,found:429.6.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.18(s,3H,CH3),2.29(s,3H,CH3),3.17(dd,1H,J=17.1,8.9Hz,CH2-H),3.80(dd,1H,J=17.1,12.7Hz,CH2-H),5.19(dd,1H,J=12.7,8.9Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.90-6.95(m,2H,Ar-H),7.01-7.05(m,2H,Ar-H),7.10-7.17(m,2H,Ar-H),7.32-7.45(m,5H,Ar-H),7.72-7.75(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3031(Ar-H),2924(CH2),1608(Pyrazoline C=N),1502,1446(C=C),1220(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-氟苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(4-溴苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e15):产率68%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)489.4,found:490.1.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.15(s,3H,CH3),2.27(s,3H,CH3),3.18(dd,1H,J=17.3,8.1Hz,CH2-H),3.81(dd,1H,J=17.3,12.7Hz,CH2-H),5.24(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.1Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.95-6.98(m,2H,Ar-H),7.10-7.15(m,2H,Ar-H),7.27-7.38(m,5H,Ar-H),7.39-7.43(m,2H,Ar-H),7.73-7.75(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3031(Ar-H),2921(CH2),1608(Pyrazoline C=N),1502,1447(C=C),1226(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-氯苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-苯基-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e16):产率51%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)426.9,found:427.2.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.21(s,3H,CH3),2.33(s,3H,CH3),3.16(dd,1H,J=17.2,7.9Hz,CH2-H),3.80(dd,1H,J=17.2,12.3Hz,CH2-H),5.26(dd,1H,J=12.3,8.4Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.82(t,1H,J=7.0Hz,Ar-H),7.08-7.10(m,2H,Ar-H),7.22(t,2H,J=7.8Hz,Ar-H),7.40-7.44(m,4H,Ar-H),7.57-7.60(m,3H,Ar-H),7.74-7.76(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3057(Ar-H),2921(CH2),1596(Pyrazoline C=N),1502,1448(C=C),1243(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-氯苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(4-甲基苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e17):产率63%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)440.9,found:441.5.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.21(s,3H,CH3),2.26(s,3H,CH3),2.30(s,3H,CH3),3.15(dd,1H,J=17.1,8.7Hz,CH2-H),3.78(dd,1H,J=17.1,12.8Hz,CH2-H),5.21(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.7Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.99-7.04(m,4H,Ar-H),7.31-7.35(m,3H,Ar-H),7.38-7.42(m,4H,Ar-H),7.73-7.75(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3036(Ar-H),2921(CH2),1608(Pyrazoline C=N),1501,1446(C=C),1249(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-氯苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e18):产率51%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)454.9,found:455.4.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.17(s,3H,CH3),2.22(s,6H,CH3),2.32(s,3H,CH3),3.14(dd,1H,J=17.2,8.7Hz,CH2-H),3.78(dd,1H,J=17.2,12.8Hz,CH2-H),5.20(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.7Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.74-6.77(m,1H,Ar-H),6.95-7.05(m,2H,Ar-H),7.30-7.36(m,3H,Ar-H),7.39-7.43(m,4H,Ar-H),7.74-7.76(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3031(Ar-H),2921(CH2),1608(Pyrazoline C=N),1502,1448(C=C),1243(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-氯苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(4-氟苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e19):产率51%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd[(M+K)]+444.9,found:483.1.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.21(s,3H,CH3),2.29(s,3H,CH3),3.17(dd,1H,J=17.2,8.9Hz,CH2-H),3.80(dd,1H,J=17.2,12.7Hz,CH2-H),5.19(dd,1H,J=12.6,8.9Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.90-6.95(m,2H,Ar-H),7.00-7.05(m,2H,Ar-H),7.30-7.37(m,3H,Ar-H),7.39-7.43(m,4H,Ar-H),7.73-7.75(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3036(Ar-H),2925(CH2),1601(Pyrazoline C=N),1505,1448(C=C),1247(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-氯苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(4-溴苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e20):产率51%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)505.8,found:506.3.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.18(s,3H,CH3),2.27(s,3H,CH3),3.17(dd,1H,J=17.2,8.0Hz,CH2-H),3.81(dd,1H,J=17.3,12.8Hz,CH2-H),5.23(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.1Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.94-6.98(m,3H,Ar-H),7.30-7.34(m,3H,Ar-H),7.36-7.43(m,5H,Ar-H),7.73-7.75(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3036(Ar-H),2922(CH2),1598(Pyrazoline C=N),1502,1447(C=C),1249(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-溴苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-苯基-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e21):产率56%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)471.4,found:472.9.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.21(s,3H,CH3),2.30(s,3H,CH3),3.16(dd,1H,J=17.2,8.3Hz,CH2-H),3.80(dd,1H,J=17.2,12.8Hz,CH2-H),5.25(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.3Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.83(t,1H,J=7.3Hz,Ar-H),7.07-7.14(m,2H,Ar-H),7.20-7.29(m,4H,Ar-H),7.35-7.47(m,3H,Ar-H),7.53-7.60(m,2H,Ar-H),7.73-7.79(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3058(Ar-H),2921(CH2),1596(Pyrazoline C=N),1496,1447(C=C),1243(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-溴苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(4-甲基苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e22):产率56%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)485.4,found:486.2.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.21(s,3H,CH3),2.26(s,3H,CH3),2.30(s,3H,CH3),3.14(dd,1H,J=17.2,8.7Hz,CH2-H),3.78(dd,1H,J=17.1,12.8Hz,CH2-H),5.21(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.7Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.98-7.04(m,4H,Ar-H),7.17-7.25(m,1H,Ar-H),7.27-7.35(m,2H,Ar-H),7.38-7.44(m,2H,Ar-H),7.55-7.59(m,2H,Ar-H),7.73-7.75(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3031(Ar-H),2920(CH2),1608(Pyrazoline C=N),1515,1446(C=C),1249(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-溴苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e23):产率46%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)499.4,found:500.3.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.17(s,3H,CH3),2.22(s,6H,CH3),2.32(s,3H,CH3),3.14(dd,1H,J=17.0,8.7Hz,CH2-H),3.78(dd,1H,J=17.2,12.9Hz,CH2-H),5.20(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.7Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.71-6.76(m,1H,Ar-H),6.95-7.07(m,2H,Ar-H),7.27-7.35(m,2H,Ar-H),7.38-7.46(m,2H,Ar-H),7.50-7.64(m,3H,Ar-H),7.74-7.75(m,2H,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3025(Ar-H),2922(CH2),1608(Pyrazoline C=N),1512,1447(C=C),1243(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-溴苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(4-氟苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e24):产率65%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)489.4,found:490.1.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.21(s,3H,CH3),2.29(s,3H,CH3),3.17(dd,1H,J=17.2,9.1Hz,CH2-H),3.80(dd,1H,J=17.2,12.7Hz,CH2-H),5.19(dd,1H,J=12.7,8.7Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.92(t,2H,J=8.8Hz,Ar-H),7.01-7.04(m,2H,Ar-H),7.30-7.45(m,4H,Ar-H),7.49-7.64(m,3H,Ar-H),7.74(d,2H,J=7.1Hz,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3031(Ar-H),2924(CH2),1612(Pyrazoline C=N),1512,1447(C=C),1248(C-N).
3-苯基-5-[1-(4-溴苯基)-3,5-二甲基吡唑基]-1-(4-溴苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(e25):产率64%。APCI-MS(m/z)Calcd(M+)550.3,found:551.9.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:2.18(s,3H,CH3),2.27(s,3H,CH3),3.16(dd,1H,J=17.2,8.9Hz,CH2-H),3.82(dd,1H,J=17.3,12.7Hz,CH2-H),5.23(dd,1H,J=12.8,8.1Hz,pyrazoline 5C-H),6.96(d,2H,J=8.9Hz,Ar-H),7.29(d,3H,J=9.0Hz,Ar-H),7.36-7.43(m,4H,Ar-H),7.56(d,2H,J=8.6Hz,Ar-H),7.74(d,2H,J=7.0Hz,Ar-H).IR(KBr,νcm-1):3031(Ar-H),2924(CH2),1617(Pyrazoline C=N),1517,1448(C=C),1248(C-N).
荧光检测:
室温下,以DMF为溶剂,使用Hitachi F-7000荧光光度计,在激发波长为363.8nm条件下,测定浓度为5×10-5mol/L的化合物的荧光光谱。图1为化合物e1-e5的荧光光谱图;图2为化合物e6-e10的荧光光谱图;图3为化合物e11-e15的荧光光谱图;图4为化合物e16-e20的荧光光谱图;图5为化合物e21-e25的荧光光谱图;测定的数据见表1。
表1化合物e1-e25的荧光光谱数据
荧光检测的结果表明本发明合成的双含氮杂环化合物具有强的荧光性能,是一类性能优良的荧光材料。
把十二种不同的金属离子Cu2+,Zn2+,Co2+,Fe3+,Ca2+,Na+,Pb2+,Sn2+,In3+,Mn2+,Cd2+,Mg2+按照与e3的摩尔比1∶2的比例分别加入化合物e3中,按照前述荧光检测方法检测荧光光谱,图6为化合物e3中加入不同金属离子的荧光光谱图;可知:Co2+对其荧光光谱影响较大,猝灭行为明显,表明本发明合成的双含氮杂环化合物对Co2+具有离子识别的功能。
最后所应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明而非限制本发明的技术方案,尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:依然可以对本发明进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明的精神和范围的任何修改或局部替换,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (8)
1.双含氮杂环化合物,其特征在于,通式如下:
,
其中,R1=H、p-CH3、p-Cl、p-F 或p-Br;
R2=H、p-CH3、p-F、3,4-di-CH3 或p-Br;且R1和R2不同时为H。
2.制备如权利要求 1 所述的双含氮杂环化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)以苯肼或取代苯肼盐酸盐和乙酰丙酮为原料,在甲醇溶剂中加入0.6~1mol/L 的盐酸,搅拌回流1~3 h,用氢氧化钠溶液调pH 值至中性,乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥剂干燥,减压蒸出溶剂,乙醇重结晶,得化合物b;
所述化合物b的结构通式如下:
;
(2)事先干燥好的DMF 在冰水浴中冷却至0~10℃,搅拌下滴加POCl3,滴加完毕后继续搅拌混匀,升温到70~100℃,加入化合物b 的DMF 溶液,反应5~9 h 后趁热倒入冰水中,放置至水解完全,抽滤,水洗,干燥,硅胶柱层析纯化,得化合物c;
所述化合物c的结构通式如下:
;
(3)化合物c 与苯乙酮混合溶于无水乙醇中,加入0.5~2.0mol/L 的氢氧化钠溶液,搅拌回流1~3h,冷却至室温,抽滤、干燥、乙醇重结晶,得化合物d;
所述化合物d的结构通式如下:
;
(4)化合物d 与苯肼或取代苯肼盐酸盐混合溶于无水乙醇中,加入0.5~2.0mol/L 的盐酸,搅拌回流6~10h,用K2CO3 溶液调pH 值至中性,抽滤,干燥,硅胶柱层析纯化,得化合物e;
所述化合物e即为权利要求1所述双含氮杂环化合物;
步骤(1)中,所述取代苯肼盐酸盐为对甲基苯肼盐酸盐、对氟苯肼盐酸盐、对氯苯肼盐酸盐、对溴苯肼盐酸盐;
步骤(4)中,所述取代苯肼盐酸盐为对甲基苯肼盐酸盐、对氟苯肼盐酸盐、对溴苯肼盐酸盐、3,4-二甲基苯肼盐酸盐。
3.如权利要求 2 所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1),每1mmol 的苯肼或取代苯肼盐酸盐,添加0.5~1.5mL 的甲醇和0.5~1.2mL 的盐酸。
4.如权利要求 2 所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,事先干燥好的DMF、POCl3与化合物b 的摩尔比为1.5~3.5︰1.5~3.5︰1。
5.如权利要求 2 所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,每1mmol 的化合物c,添加5~20mL 的无水乙醇和1~5mL 的氢氧化钠溶液。
6.如权利要求 2 所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,每1mmol 的化合物d,添加10~30mL 的无水乙醇和0.5~2.0mL 的盐酸。
7.如权利要求 2 所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)和步骤(4)中,硅胶柱层析时,采用的淋洗液由体积比1~3︰1~3 的乙酸乙酯与环己烷组成。
8.权利要求 1 所述双含氮杂环化合物的应用,其特征在于,用于制备荧光材料或用于离子识别;所述离子为Co2+。
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