CN104474319A - 一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,各原料药如下,均为重量份:山楂粉4-10、白薇5-15、芒硝粉2-6、玄明粉3-7、苦参6-12、番泻叶3-9、玉米10-20、蜂蜜1-5、枳实5-10、郁李仁7-16、滑石3-8、香蕉干1-5、桑葚子8-16和甘薯1-5。本发明中玉米、郁李仁和桑葚子联合作君,臣药为白薇、苦参、山楂粉和枳实为臣药,剩下的均为佐药;君药在本发明中承担着主治功效,各原料药配合在一起可以有效的减少夜间排便次数,增加术晨排便,减少失眠的发生,尽快达到术后排气,增加患者对护理工作的满意度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医中药领域,特别是涉及一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散及其制备方法。
背景技术
腔镜手术由于创伤小、出血少、疼痛轻、腹部美容效果好、恢复快、疗程短等优点,在泌尿外科的应用范围越来越广泛。术前充分的准备对预防和及时处理腹腔镜手术并发症,使患者舒适、安全地度过围手术期具有重要的作用。泌尿外科腔镜手术前肠道准备包括刺激肠蠕动、软化和清除粪便,排除肠内积气,防止患者因麻醉后肛门括约肌松弛不能控制排便而增加污染机会;同时减少肠内积气充盈及存有粪便影响手术操作。临床实践证实,通过口服大黄、芒硝、甘草混合水煎液清洁肠道还能减轻手术后腹胀不适。传统方法是术前一日进无渣流食,术前晚口服泻药(如:甘露醇),术晨再用0.2%肥皂水清洁灌肠一次。该种肠道准备方式存在以下缺陷:①甘露醇为一种高渗性脱水剂,肠道刺激强烈,对术者情绪、睡眠状态有明显影响;②传统法最后一次灌肠时间为术晨6am,8am 入手术室,期间没有足够的时间让肠道彻底排空,术中易造成污染;③并不能对术后恢复产生有益效果。
目前,也有报道使用中药制剂进行术前清肠,如口服上述的大黄、芒硝、甘草混合水煎液,但是所用的药物大多数都是大黄等泻下药物,服用后刺激性强,对术者情绪、睡眠状态有明显影响,而柏子仁等缓泻药物又不易控制泻下时间。故而现在缺乏一种适用于术前清肠,泻下有效且又不会影响睡眠,对于术后恢复能产生有益效果的药物。
发明内容
本发明的技术任务是针对以上现有技术的不足,提供一种疗效肯定且副作用小的用于泌尿外科腔镜手术术前的清肠药物。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,各原料药如下,均为重量份:
山楂粉4-10 白薇5-15 芒硝粉2-6
玄明粉3-7 苦参6-12 番泻叶3-9
玉米10-20 蜂蜜1-5 枳实5-10
郁李仁7-16 滑石3-8 香蕉干1-5
桑葚子8-16 甘薯1-5。
一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,优选的方案是,各原料药如下,均为重量份:
山楂粉5-9 白薇8-13 芒硝粉3-5
玄明粉4-6 苦参8-10 番泻叶4-8
玉米13-18 蜂蜜2-4 枳实6-9
郁李仁10-13 滑石4-7 香蕉干2-4
桑葚子10-14 甘薯2-4。
一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,更加优选的方案是:各原料药如下,均为重量份:山楂粉7 白薇10 芒硝粉4
玄明粉5 苦参9 番泻叶6
玉米15 蜂蜜3 枳实7
郁李仁12 滑石6 香蕉干3
桑葚子12 甘薯3。
上述清肠散的制备方法,步骤如下:
(1)将滑石打成长宽都是1厘米的块,置于无烟的炉火中锻制酥脆,放凉后与香蕉干一起混合,研磨成细末待用;
(2)将新鲜的甘薯切成玉米大小的块,与新鲜的玉米混合用搅拌机搅拌3-8分钟,将稠状物取出待用;
(3)将白薇、苦参、番泻叶、枳实、郁李仁和桑葚子一同置于砂锅内,加入米醋,用手将其混匀,稍焖20-40分钟,加水煎煮2次,第一次加原料药总重量3-5倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,改小火慢煮30-50分钟,过滤,得滤液1,滤渣再次加水煎煮,第二次加原料药总重量1-3倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,持续沸腾15分钟,过滤,得滤液2,将滤液1与滤液2混合,过200-240目过滤网,滤液静置60-120分钟,取上清液待用;
(4)将步骤(3)所得上清液置于干净的容器内,小火慢煨至50-70℃,加入蜂蜜,一边搅拌一边煎煮,待蜂蜜完全融化后加入山楂粉、芒硝粉、玄明粉和步骤(1)-(2)所得物,充分搅拌成稠膏;
(5)将步骤(4)所得稠膏在50-60℃下,干燥1-3小时,得干燥物,将干燥物在120-140℃下,灭菌3-8分钟,装包即得清肠散。
所述的制备方法,步骤(2)搅拌4-7分钟(优选搅拌6分钟)。
所述的制备方法,步骤(3)原料药加米醋稍焖25-35分钟(优选原料药加米醋稍焖30分钟)。
所述的制备方法, 步骤(3)第一次加原料药总重量3.5-4.5倍的水(优选第一次加原料药总重量4倍的水)。
所述的制备方法, 步骤(3)混合滤液过210-230目过滤网,滤液静置80-100分钟(优选的,过220目过滤网,滤液静置90分钟)。
所述的制备方法,步骤(4)小火慢煨至55-65℃,加入蜂蜜(优选小火慢煨至60℃,加入蜂蜜)。
所述的制备方法,步骤(5)稠膏在53-58℃下,干燥1.5-2.5小时(优选稠膏在55℃下,干燥2小时)。
该清肠散对一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前效果显著,人体皮肤易接受、不易过敏的特点。
本发明一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散各原料药的药理功效为:
山楂粉:山楂粉即是用山楂炒干后研磨成的细粉,山楂味核果类水果,核质硬,果肉薄,味微酸涩。果可生吃或作果脯果糕,干制后可入药,是中国特有的药果兼用树种,具有降血脂、血压、强心、抗心律不齐等作用,同时也是健脾开胃、消食化滞、活血化痰的良药,对胸膈脾满、疝气、血淤、闭经等症有很好的疗效。
白薇:白薇,别名:老君须,薇草,白幕,春草,葞、骨美,百荡草,白龙须,白马薇,白马尾,白幕,半拉瓢,翅果白薇,春草,大白薇。清热凉血,利尿通淋,解毒疗疮。用于温邪伤营发热,阴虚发热,骨蒸劳热,产后血虚发热,热淋,血淋,痈疽肿毒。刀伤。
芒硝粉:芒硝,也作硭硝、芒消、马牙硝、盐硝、盆硝,是含有结晶水的硫酸钠的俗称。主治破痞,常温中,消食,逐水,缓泻。用于胃脘痞,食痞,消化不良,浮肿,水肿,乳肿,闭经,便秘。
玄明粉:玄明粉:基原:为硫酸盐类芒硝族矿物无水芒硝或芒硝经风华的干燥品。成分:主含无水硫酸钠。由于产地及提炼方法不同,所含杂志及含量亦不同,常见的有硫酸钙,硫酸铁,硫酸钾。药性:辛、咸,寒。归胃、大肠经。功用主治:泻热通便,润燥软坚,消肿散结。主治实热积滞,大便秘结或热结旁流,玩腹胀痛,目赤肿痛,口疮咽肿,痈疽肿毒。宜忌:脾胃虚寒及孕妇禁服。
苦参:苦参为豆科苦参属的植物。别名:苦骨、地槐、水槐、菟槐、骄槐、野槐或白茎。功能主治:清热燥湿,杀虫,利尿。用于热痢,便血,黄疸尿闭,赤白带下,阴肿阴痒,湿疹,湿疮,皮肤瘙痒,疥癣麻风;外治滴虫性阴道炎。苦参具有抗菌消炎的作用,对痤疮杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌均有抑制作用,能利尿、抗过敏、镇痛、平喘、祛痰。
番泻叶:番泻叶,异名旃那叶、泻叶、泡竹叶来源为豆科植物狭叶番泻或尖叶番泻的小叶。性味:甘、苦,寒,有小毒。归经:归大肠经。主治:泻热行滞,通便,利水。用于热结积滞,便秘腹痛,水肿胀满。
玉米:玉米是粗粮中的保健佳品,对人体的健康颇为有利:玉米中的维生素B6、烟酸等成分,具有刺激胃肠蠕动、加速粪便排泄的特性,可防治便秘、胃病、肠炎、肠癌等。玉米富含维生素C、异麦芽低聚糖等,有长寿、美容作用。玉米胚尖所含的营养物质有增强人体新陈代谢、调整神经系统功能。能起到使皮肤细嫩光滑,抑制、延缓皱纹产生作用。玉米有调中开胃及降血脂、降低血清胆固醇的功效。中美洲印第安人不易患高血压与他们主要食用玉米有关。
蜂蜜:蜂蜜是昆虫蜜蜂从开花植物的花中采得的花蜜在蜂巢中酿制的蜜。蜂蜜是一种营养丰富的天然滋养食品,也是最常用的滋补品之一。据分析,含有与人体血清浓度相近的多种无机盐和维生素、铁、钙、铜、锰、钾、磷等多种有机酸和有益人体健康的微量元素,以及果糖、葡萄糖、淀粉酶、氧化酶、还原酶等,具有滋养、润燥、解毒、美白养颜、润肠通便之功效,对少年儿童咳嗽治疗效果很好。
枳实:枳实:基原:为芸香科柑橘属植物酸橙及其栽培变种或甜橙的幼果。成分:1.酸橙 果实主要含黄酮类:橙皮苷,新橙皮苷,柚皮苷等。种子含柠檬苦素类:宜昌橙苦素,闹米林,去乙酰闹米林,柠檬苦素等。 2.甜橙 果实主要含黄酮类:“柚皮芸香苷,异樱花素-7-芸香糖苷等。果皮含黄酮类:橙皮苷、柚皮苷等。药性:苦、辛,微寒。归脾、胃、大肠经。功用主治:破气消积,化痰除痞。主治积滞内停,痞满胀痛,大便秘结,泻痢后重,结胸,胸痹,胃下垂,子宫脱垂,脱肛。
郁李仁:郁李仁:基原:为蔷薇科郁李属植物郁李、欧李及榆叶梅属植物榆叶梅、长梗扁桃等的种仁。成分:1.郁李 种子含苦杏仁苷,郁李仁苷A、B;2种蛋白质成分:IR-A和IR-B。新鲜果实含蔷薇苷A、B,即是郁李仁苷A、B;还含熊果酸,香草酸,原儿茶酸,阿福豆苷,山奈苷,野蔷薇苷。2.欧李 种子含苦杏仁苷,郁李仁苷A、B。3.长梗郁李 种子含苦杏仁苷,郁李仁苷A、B。4.毛叶欧李 种子含苦杏仁苷,郁李仁苷A、B。 药性:辛、苦、甘,平。归脾、大肠、小肠经。功用主治:润肠通便,下气利水。主治肠燥便秘,小便不利,水肿腹满,脚气。
滑石:基原:为硅酸盐类滑石族矿物滑石。成分:滑石主要含水合硅酸镁或3MgO4SiO2H2O,其组成成分为MgO31.7%,SiO263.5%H2O4.8%,通常一部分MgO被FeO所替换。此外,还常含有Al2O3等杂志。药性:甘、淡,寒。归膀胱、胃经。功用主治:利尿通淋,清热解暑。主治膀胱湿热,小便不利,尿淋涩痛,水肿,暑热烦渴,泄泻,湿疹,湿疮,痱子。宜忌:脾胃虚弱,或热病津伤,或肾虚滑精者均禁服。孕妇慎用。
香蕉干:香蕉干是新鲜的香蕉经过烘烤得到的,香蕉,芭蕉科(Musaceae)芭蕉属(Musa)植物,又指其果实。香蕉中含有维生素A能促进生长,增强对疾病的抵抗力,是维持正常的生殖力和视力所必需;硫胺素能抗脚气病,促进食欲、助消化,保护神经系统;核黄素能促进人体正常生长和发育。香蕉除了能平稳血清素和褪黑素外,它还含有可具有让肌肉松弛效果的镁元素,润肠通便。
桑葚子:桑葚子:基原:为桑科桑属植物桑的干燥果穗。成分:果穗含维生素B1、B2和胡萝卜素;其脂类的脂肪酸主要为亚油酸,油酸,软脂酸,硬脂酸,尚有少量辛酸,壬酸,癸酸等。药性:甘、酸、寒。归甘、肾经。功用主治:滋阴养血,生津,润肠。主治肝肾不足和血虚精亏的头晕目眩,耳鸣,须发早白,失眠,消渴,腰酸,肠燥便秘,秃疮。
甘薯:别名朱薯、山芋、红山药、金薯、红苕、地瓜。性味功效 甘,平,无毒。入脾、肾经。功能补中和血,益气生津,宽肠胃,通便秘。适用于脾胃虚弱所致的消化不良、泄泻等,外用可治痈疮肿毒等。
本发明一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散符合中医关于润肠通便的理论。针对上述在一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散过程中的缺陷,本产品在总结前人经验的基础上,历经多年临床研究,采用纯天然草本中药独特配方和工艺精制而成。本品内含丰富的植物生物活性成分,既融合了水果的鲜香,又融入了食物的营养成分。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和实验例详细说明本发明的技术方案,但保护范围不被此限制。
实施例1:一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,各原料药如下,均为重量份(每份取10g):
山楂粉4 白薇5 芒硝粉2
玄明粉3 苦参6 番泻叶3
玉米10 蜂蜜1 枳实5
郁李仁7 滑石3 香蕉干1
桑葚子8 甘薯1。
一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,制备步骤如下:
(1)将滑石打成长宽都是1厘米的块,置于无烟的炉火中锻制酥脆,放凉后与香蕉干一起混合,研磨成细末待用;
(2)将新鲜的甘薯切成玉米大小的块,与新鲜的玉米混合用搅拌机搅拌3分钟,将稠状物取出待用;
(3)将白薇、苦参、番泻叶、枳实、郁李仁和桑葚子一同置于砂锅内,加入米醋,用手将其混匀,稍焖20分钟,加水煎煮2次,第一次加原料药总重量3倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,改小火慢煮30分钟,过滤,得滤液1,滤渣再次加水煎煮,第二次加原料药总重量1倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,持续沸腾15分钟,过滤,得滤液2,将滤液1与滤液2混合,过200目过滤网,滤液静置60分钟,取上清液待用;
(4)将步骤(3)所得上清液置于干净的容器内,小火慢煨至50℃,加入蜂蜜,一边搅拌一边煎煮,待蜂蜜完全融化后加入山楂粉、芒硝粉、玄明粉和步骤(1)-(2)所得物,充分搅拌成稠膏;
(5)将步骤(4)所得稠膏在50℃下,干燥1小时,得干燥物,将干燥物在120℃下,灭菌3分钟,装包即得清肠散。
实施例2:一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,各原料药如下,均为重量份(每份取10g):
山楂粉10 白薇15 芒硝粉6
玄明粉7 苦参12 番泻叶9
玉米20 蜂蜜5 枳实10
郁李仁16 滑石8 香蕉干5
桑葚子16 甘薯5。
一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,制备步骤如下:
(1)将滑石打成长宽都是1厘米的块,置于无烟的炉火中锻制酥脆,放凉后与香蕉干一起混合,研磨成细末待用;
(2)将新鲜的甘薯切成玉米大小的块,与新鲜的玉米混合用搅拌机搅拌8分钟,将稠状物取出待用;
(3)将白薇、苦参、番泻叶、枳实、郁李仁和桑葚子一同置于砂锅内,加入米醋,用手将其混匀,稍焖40分钟,加水煎煮2次,第一次加原料药总重量5倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,改小火慢煮50分钟,过滤,得滤液1,滤渣再次加水煎煮,第二次加原料药总重量3倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,持续沸腾15分钟,过滤,得滤液2,将滤液1与滤液2混合,过240目过滤网,滤液静置120分钟,取上清液待用;
(4)将步骤(3)所得上清液置于干净的容器内,小火慢煨至70℃,加入蜂蜜,一边搅拌一边煎煮,待蜂蜜完全融化后加入山楂粉、芒硝粉、玄明粉和步骤(1)-(2)所得物,充分搅拌成稠膏;
(5)将步骤(4)所得稠膏在60℃下,干燥3小时,得干燥物,将干燥物在140℃下,灭菌8分钟,装包即得清肠散。
实施例3:一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,各原料药如下,均为重量份(每份取10g):
山楂粉5 白薇8 芒硝粉3
玄明粉4 苦参8 番泻叶4
玉米13 蜂蜜2 枳实6
郁李仁10 滑石4 香蕉干2
桑葚子10 甘薯2。
一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,制备步骤如下:
(1)将滑石打成长宽都是1厘米的块,置于无烟的炉火中锻制酥脆,放凉后与香蕉干一起混合,研磨成细末待用;
(2)将新鲜的甘薯切成玉米大小的块,与新鲜的玉米混合用搅拌机搅拌4分钟,将稠状物取出待用;
(3)将白薇、苦参、番泻叶、枳实、郁李仁和桑葚子一同置于砂锅内,加入米醋,用手将其混匀,稍焖25分钟,加水煎煮2次,第一次加原料药总重量3.5倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,改小火慢煮35分钟,过滤,得滤液1,滤渣再次加水煎煮,第二次加原料药总重量1.5倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,持续沸腾15分钟,过滤,得滤液2,将滤液1与滤液2混合,过210目过滤网,滤液静置80分钟,取上清液待用;
(4)将步骤(3)所得上清液置于干净的容器内,小火慢煨至55℃,加入蜂蜜,一边搅拌一边煎煮,待蜂蜜完全融化后加入山楂粉、芒硝粉、玄明粉和步骤(1)-(2)所得物,充分搅拌成稠膏;
(5)将步骤(4)所得稠膏在53℃下,干燥1.5小时,得干燥物,将干燥物在125℃下,灭菌4分钟,装包即得清肠散。
实施例4:一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,各原料药如下,均为重量份(每份取10g):
山楂粉9 白薇13 芒硝粉5
玄明粉6 苦参10 番泻叶8
玉米18 蜂蜜4 枳实9
郁李仁13 滑石7 香蕉干4
桑葚子14 甘薯4。
一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,制备步骤如下:
(1)将滑石打成长宽都是1厘米的块,置于无烟的炉火中锻制酥脆,放凉后与香蕉干一起混合,研磨成细末待用;
(2)将新鲜的甘薯切成玉米大小的块,与新鲜的玉米混合用搅拌机搅拌7分钟,将稠状物取出待用;
(3)将白薇、苦参、番泻叶、枳实、郁李仁和桑葚子一同置于砂锅内,加入米醋,用手将其混匀,稍焖35分钟,加水煎煮2次,第一次加原料药总重量3.5倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,改小火慢煮45分钟,过滤,得滤液1,滤渣再次加水煎煮,第二次加原料药总重量2.5倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,持续沸腾15分钟,过滤,得滤液2,将滤液1与滤液2混合,过230目过滤网,滤液静置100分钟,取上清液待用;
(4)将步骤(3)所得上清液置于干净的容器内,小火慢煨至65℃,加入蜂蜜,一边搅拌一边煎煮,待蜂蜜完全融化后加入山楂粉、芒硝粉、玄明粉和步骤(1)-(2)所得物,充分搅拌成稠膏;
(5)将步骤(4)所得稠膏在58℃下,干燥2.5小时,得干燥物,将干燥物在135℃下,灭菌7分钟,装包即得清肠散。
实施例5:一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,各原料药如下,均为重量份(每份取10g):
山楂粉7 白薇10 芒硝粉4
玄明粉5 苦参9 番泻叶6
玉米15 蜂蜜3 枳实7
郁李仁12 滑石6 香蕉干3
桑葚子12 甘薯3。
一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,制备步骤如下:
(1)将滑石打成长宽都是1厘米的块,置于无烟的炉火中锻制酥脆,放凉后与香蕉干一起混合,研磨成细末待用;
(2)将新鲜的甘薯切成玉米大小的块,与新鲜的玉米混合用搅拌机搅拌6分钟,将稠状物取出待用;
(3)将白薇、苦参、番泻叶、枳实、郁李仁和桑葚子一同置于砂锅内,加入米醋,用手将其混匀,稍焖30分钟,加水煎煮2次,第一次加原料药总重量4倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,改小火慢煮40分钟,过滤,得滤液1,滤渣再次加水煎煮,第二次加原料药总重量1-3倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,持续沸腾15分钟,过滤,得滤液2,将滤液1与滤液2混合,过220目过滤网,滤液静置90分钟,取上清液待用;
(4)将步骤(3)所得上清液置于干净的容器内,小火慢煨至60℃,加入蜂蜜,一边搅拌一边煎煮,待蜂蜜完全融化后加入山楂粉、芒硝粉、玄明粉和步骤(1)-(2)所得物,充分搅拌成稠膏;
(5)将步骤(4)所得稠膏在55℃下,干燥2小时,得干燥物,将干燥物在130℃下,灭菌5分钟,装包即得清肠散。
对比例:为了验证本发明(实施例5所得)清肠散的确切疗效,在4所医院选取400例有疤痕或者有痘印的患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,在年龄、病情、平均手术时间上比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性,上述药物的有效组合,互相协调,有效达到妇科腹腔镜手术术前清理肠道之目的,且不影响术前睡眠,利于术后恢复。上述结果为临床资料充分证明,有关资料如下。为使本发明达到最佳治疗效果,实验组术前1天取本发明清肠散3g,温开水冲开口服,对照组服用其他术前清肠的药物(如甘露醇等常规药物)。观察指标:清肠操作后,观察患者排便次数,记录术中肠道清洁与积气状况,并对患者术后肛门排气时间和不良反应进行评判。
清肠效果评价标准:有效即为患者术中肠道保持完全松弛状态,且术野完全暴露;无效即为患者术中肠道高度膨胀,且术野被覆盖。
实验组和对照组患者术前夜间排便、术晨排便情况、失眠情况术后排气情况见下表1:
表1
结果显示:应用本发明清肠散可以减少夜间排便次数,增加术晨排便,减少失眠的发生,尽快达到术后排气,且与对照组比较(P<0.05)。对照组患者对术前清肠护理满意度为85%,实验组的满意度均为100%。本发明中玉米、郁李仁和桑葚子联合作君,臣药为白薇、苦参、山楂粉和枳实为臣药,剩下的均为佐药;君药在本发明中承担着主治功效,各原料药配合在一起可以有效的减少夜间排便次数,增加术晨排便,减少失眠的发生,尽快达到术后排气,增加患者对护理工作的满意度。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,其特征在于:各原料药如下,均为重量份:
山楂粉4-10 白薇5-15 芒硝粉2-6
玄明粉3-7 苦参6-12 番泻叶3-9
玉米10-20 蜂蜜1-5 枳实5-10
郁李仁7-16 滑石3-8 香蕉干1-5
桑葚子8-16 甘薯1-5。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,其特征在于:各原料药如下,均为重量份:
山楂粉5-9 白薇8-13 芒硝粉3-5
玄明粉4-6 苦参8-10 番泻叶4-8
玉米13-18 蜂蜜2-4 枳实6-9
郁李仁10-13 滑石4-7 香蕉干2-4
桑葚子10-14 甘薯2-4。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散,其特征在于:各原料药如下,均为重量份:
山楂粉7 白薇10 芒硝粉4
玄明粉5 苦参9 番泻叶6
玉米15 蜂蜜3 枳实7
郁李仁12 滑石6 香蕉干3
桑葚子12 甘薯3。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的用于泌尿外科腔镜手术前的清肠散的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤如下:
(1)将滑石打成长宽都是1厘米的块,置于无烟的炉火中锻制酥脆,放凉后与香蕉干一起混合,研磨成细末待用;
(2)将新鲜的甘薯切成玉米大小的块,与新鲜的玉米混合用搅拌机搅拌3-8分钟,将稠状物取出待用;
(3)将白薇、苦参、番泻叶、枳实、郁李仁和桑葚子一同置于砂锅内,加入米醋,用手将其混匀,稍焖20-40分钟,加水煎煮2次,第一次加原料药总重量3-5倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,改小火慢煮30-50分钟,过滤,得滤液1,滤渣再次加水煎煮,第二次加原料药总重量1-3倍的水,大火煎煮至沸腾,持续沸腾15分钟,过滤,得滤液2,将滤液1与滤液2混合,过200-240目过滤网,滤液静置60-120分钟,取上清液待用;
(4)将步骤(3)所得上清液置于干净的容器内,小火慢煨至50-70℃,加入蜂蜜,一边搅拌一边煎煮,待蜂蜜完全融化后加入山楂粉、芒硝粉、玄明粉和步骤(1)-(2)所得物,充分搅拌成稠膏;
(5)将步骤(4)所得稠膏在50-60℃下,干燥1-3小时,得干燥物,将干燥物在120-140℃下,灭菌3-8分钟,装包即得清肠散。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)搅拌4-7分钟(优选搅拌6分钟)。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)原料药加米醋稍焖25-35分钟(优选原料药加米醋稍焖30分钟)。
7.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)第一次加原料药总重量3.5-4.5倍的水(优选第一次加原料药总重量4倍的水)。
8.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)混合滤液过210-230目过滤网,滤液静置80-100分钟(优选的,过220目过滤网,滤液静置90分钟)。
9.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)小火慢煨至55-65℃,加入蜂蜜(优选小火慢煨至60℃,加入蜂蜜)。
10.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(5)稠膏在53-58℃下,干燥1.5-2.5小时(优选稠膏在55℃下,干燥2小时)。
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