CN104467061B - 用于车辆电力插座的电力控制系统和方法 - Google Patents
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- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
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Abstract
提供一种用于车辆电力插座的电力控制系统和方法,其整体地控制安装于车辆内的电力插座的电力以提高车辆内电力分配的效率并在车辆关闭时能够实现电力插座的日常使用。为此,电力控制系统包括:启动电源,被配置为在车辆发动时向安装于车辆内的多个电力插座供应电力;电池电源,被配置为在车辆关闭时向电力插座供应电力;以及控制器,被配置为检测车辆是否发动、电池充电容量、以及多个电力插座中的每个电力插座的电流消耗量,并且确定应当向各个电力插座供应的电力的类型以及是否向各个电力插座供应电力。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于车辆电力插座的电力控制系统和方法,并且更特别地,涉及这样一种用于车辆电力插座的电力控制系统和方法,其整体控制安装于车辆内的电力插座的电力以提高车辆内电力分配的效率并能够实现电力插座的日常使用。
背景技术
黑盒子、导航系统、座椅电热线、和便携灯是安装于车辆内以向乘客提供附加功能的电子装置的典型代表。为了相应地操作,通过车辆内的电力插座向电子装置供应电力。
电力插座是安装于车辆内以将安装于车辆内的电子装置与来自车辆的电力(例如,电池)连接的器件。目前,在车辆内,电力插座连接至电池电力端子或启动电力端子,并且通常在着火过程中供应电力。
如果由于连接至电力插座的负载或电力插座本身的问题出现短路,电线或保险丝可能被损害,从而引起故障。当用户人为将装置(诸如黑盒子)连接至电池电力时,经常发生电池放电,这最终会损害电池。
因而,通常提供电池监测系统以防止电池快速放电。然而,这些常规系统被配置为仅通过使用根据基于电力分配的电压分类的电池电力来防止电池放电,这在启动操作过程中仍然会致使电池受到损害。
发明内容
因此,本发明的各个方面提供一种用于车辆电力插座的电力控制系统和方法,其整体并自动控制对安装于车辆内的电力插座供给电力以提高车辆内电力分配的效率,从而实现电力插座的日常使用并减少电池放电速率。
根据本发明各个方面中的一个,提供一种用于车辆电力插座的电力控制系统,电力控制系统包括:启动电源,被配置为在点火过程中向安装于车辆内的多个电力插座供应电力;电池电源,被配置为在发动机或电机不运行的时候向电力插座供应电力;以及控制器,被配置为检测车辆何时启动、电池充电容量以及多个电力插座的每个电力插座的电流消耗量并且确定供应至每个电力插座的电力的类型以及是否向每个电力插座供应电力。
电力控制系统还可以包括智能电源开关(IPS),被配置为检测每个电力插座的电流消耗量以将检测结果反馈到控制器,并被配置为基于控制器的确定来控制向每个电力插座供应的电力的供应和断开。
控制器可以在发动机或电机关闭时识别检测到电流消耗量的电力插座并相应地向所识别的电力插座供应电池电力。
当发动机或电机关闭时,如果电池充电容量低于电力插座的电池消耗量那么控制器可以切断某些操作中的电力插座的电力。如果电池充电容量降低至特定水平或更低,控制器可以根据各个电力插座的使用频率确定优先级并根据所确定的优先级相继地切断各个电力插座的电力。
如果检测到电力插座异常操作,那么控制器也可以切断电力插座的电力。如果在安装于车辆内的多个电力插座中存在切断电力供应的电力插座,那么控制器可以通知用户电力插座状态。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种用于车辆电力插座的电力控制方法,电力控制方法包括(a)由控制器检测车辆的点火、电池电力的充电容量、以及电力插座的电流消耗量;(b)由控制器基于车辆的启动状态确定供应至安装于车辆内的电力插座的电力的类型;(c)当发动机或电机关闭时,由控制器向操作中的电力插座供应电池电力;以及(d)当电池电力的充电容量降低至特定水平或更低时,确定是否切断向各个电力插座供应的电池电力。
在一些示例性实施方式中,在发动机或电机关闭时,是否切断供应至各个电力插座的电池电源的确定可以包括当电池充电容量低于电力插座的电池消耗量时切断某些操作中的电力插座的电力。
在一些示例性实施方式中,当电池电力的充电容量降低至特定水平或更低时,是否切断供应至各个电力插座的电池电源的确定可以包括基于各个电力插座的使用频率确定优先级并根据所确定的优先级相继地切断各个电力插座的电力。
电力控制方法可以进一步包括当控制器确定车辆已经发动(点火)时向所有安装于车辆内的电力插座供应启动电力。
附图说明
现在将参考附图所示出的本发明的示例性实施方式详细描述本发明的以上和其他特征,在下文附图仅通过说明的方式给出,因此不对本发明进行限制,并且其中:
图1是示出根据本发明的用于车辆电力插座的电力控制方法的示意图;以及
图2是示出根据本发明示例性实施方式的用于车辆电力插座的电力控制系统的示图。
具体实施方式
在下文中,将描述本发明以使本领域的普通技术人员能够容易地实施本发明。
应当理解,本文所使用的术语“车辆(vehicle)”或者“车辆的(vehicular)”或者其他的类似术语包括广义的机动车辆,诸如包括运动型多用途车辆(SUV)、公共汽车、卡车、各种商用车辆的载客车辆,包括各种小船和海船的船只,航天器等,并且包括混合动力车辆、电动车辆、燃烧、插电混合动力车辆、氢动力车辆、燃料电池车辆及其他替代燃料车辆(例如,燃料来源于石油能源以外的资源)。
此外,应当理解,由至少一个控制器执行下面的方法。术语控制器是指包括存储器和处理器的硬件装置,其被配置为执行应当被解释为其算法结构的一个或多个步骤。存储器被配置为存储算法步骤,并且处理器具体地被配置为实施所述算法步骤以执行下文进一步描述的一个或多个过程。
此外,本发明的控制逻辑可以体现为计算机可读介质上的非易失性计算机可读介质,包括由处理器、控制器等执行的可执行程序指令。计算机可读介质的实例包括但不限于ROM、RAM、光盘(CD)-ROM、磁带、软盘、闪存驱动、智能卡以及光学数据存储装置。计算机可读介质也可分布在网络耦合的计算机系统中,从而以分布式方式存储该计算机可读介质并且例如由车载通信服务器(telematics server)或控制器局域网络(CAN)执行该计算机可读介质。
本文中所使用的措辞仅是为了描述特定实施方式而并不旨在对本发明进行限制。如本文中所使用的,单数形式“一(a)”、“一个(an)”和“该(the)”旨在还包括复数形式,除非上下文清楚地表示并非如此。还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包括(comprises)”和/或“包含(comprising)”时,其指明了存在所述的特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、和/或部件,但是不排除存在或附加一个或多个其他特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或它们的组合。如在本文中使用的,术语“和/或”包括相关列出项的一个或多个的任一和所有组合。
除非在上下文中明确指出或者显而易见,否则在此所使用的术语“大约”应理解为在本该领域中标准容差的范围内,例如平均值的2个标准偏差内。“大约”可以理解为在10%、9%、8%、7%、6%、5%、4%、3%、2%、1%、0.5%、0.1%、0.05%或所述值的0.01%内。除非在上下文中清楚可见,否则本文中提供的所有数值均由术语“大约”修饰。
本发明整体并自动地控制安装于车辆内的多个电力插座以使得在车辆内停止点火时电力插座能够有效地使用,从而减少电池放电速率并提高车辆内的电力分配效率。
因此,在本发明中,根据车辆的启动状态不同地控制电力插座的电力。特别地,当车辆关闭时,确定电池的电源状态以根据基于优先级的结构来控制是否断开电力插座的电力(电池电源)。
在车辆内,可以安装若干(多个)电力插座,如必要的话,每个电力插座都连接至普通电力端子和启动电力端子。
如在图1中所示,车辆的控制器监测车辆的启动状态,即,启动电源的开/关状态、电池充电容量(电池电源的剩余充电容量)、以及连接至电力插座的负载的电流消耗量(电力插座的电流消耗量)。本文中,控制器可以使用安装于车辆内的微控制器(MCU)。
当启动车辆时,所有安装于车辆内的电力插座被供应电力。在启动部开启状态(当车辆行驶时)中,如果用户停止车辆,则连接至启动电源的电力插座通过电池电力操作;如果电池充电容量降低至特定水平或更低,那么通过控制器确定来自动切断电池电源。
换言之,通常用启动电源操作的电力插座在车辆关闭(发动机或电机关闭)时通过电池电力操作,并且在操作过程中,如果电池充电容量降低至特定水平或更低,则自动地切断电池电源以停止电力供应。
即,当电力插座用电池电源正常操作时,如果控制器确定电池容量低于特定水平,那么控制器自动断开供应至电力插座的电池电源。控制器基于电力插座的使用频率确定安装于车辆内的每个电力插座的优先级,并根据优先级控制电源相继地断开。
换言之,控制器识别安装于车辆内的相应电力插座的使用频率,基于使用频率确定电力插座中的每个电力插座的优先级,并且相继地断开具有最低优先级(或最高优先级)的电源。
根据电力插座(即,连接至电力插座的负载)使用的累积次数来识别电力插座的使用频率,并且是否使用电力插座的确定由在控制器和电力插座之间连接的智能电源开关(IPS)来监测。
IPS通过监测并控制控制器来检测并控制车辆内的电力插座的操作。IPS正常地(ordinarily)检测各个电力插座是否操作(使用)、施加于各个电力插座的电力的类型(普通电源或启动电源)以及各个电力插座的电流消耗量,并将检测结果反馈到控制器。
IPS检测施加于各个电力插座的电流的供应和断开以确定每个电力插座是否操作。例如,如果连接至电力插座的负载发生电力消耗,即,电力插座发生电流消耗,则IPS检测并识别电力插座正在操作。
如果当车辆停止时驾驶员使用电力插座,则控制器计算并考虑电池消耗量(其为操作中的电力插座的电流电力消耗量的总和),并在不影响车辆点火的限制下向电力插座供应电池电力。当车辆正在操作时,断开用于电力插座的电池电力并且向车辆的所有电力插座供应启动电力。
例如,如果电池充电容量低于电力插座的电流消耗量和车辆启动所必须的电池消耗量的总和,或者如果电力插座所需的负载的电流消耗量大于电池充电容量,那么控制器断开向电力插座供应的电池电力。
即,如果电池充电容量低于电力插座的电池消耗量(操作中的电力插座的电流消耗量的总和),则控制器部分地断开向电力插座供应的电池电力。换言之,控制器断开供应有电池电力的电力插座的电力,同时仍为那些最为经常使用的插座提供电力。
此外,如果电池充电容量大于电力插座的电流消耗量和车辆启动所必须的电池电力消耗量的总和,或者如果电力插座所需的负载的电流消耗量低于电池充电容量,那么控制器维持电池电力(不断开),该电池电力供应至电力插座。
即,考虑到电池充电容量和电力插座的电流消耗量,控制器在不影响车辆启动的限制下向操作中的电力插座供应电力。如果影响启动,则根据优先级自动地切断操作中的电力插座的电力,从而防止对电池的放电及损害并保护电池,从而保证启动性能。
因此,为了稳定并有效地向电力插座供应电池电力,电池充电容量需要大于电池消耗量,并且例如,电池充电容量应当大于电力插座的电流消耗量和车辆启动所必须的电池消耗量的总和,并且在这种情况下,可以向电力插座供应电池电力。
因此,可以防止电力插座相对于电池充电容量的过载电流和过载电压以降低引入电池电力端子的压力的量,并且通过预先防止电池损害的预保护功能,可以改进与保险丝替换相关的不便。
控制器监测车辆内各个电力插座的状态,使得如果电力插座中出现问题或者自动断开电力插座的电力,则向用户显示这种状态。即,如果在安装于车辆内的多个电力插座中的电力插座的电力供应被切断,即,多个电力插座的任一个出现断电(自动地切断多个电力插座的一个或两个或更多的电力插座的电力并且这些电力插座停用),则向用户通知这种状态。
此外,在检测到电力插座由于过载电流和短路而导致的异常操作时,控制器断开电力插座的电力并因而通知用户该状态。IPS检测到向电力插座供应过载电流或电力插座中出现短路,并且当IPS检测到电力插座的异常操作时将检测结果反馈到控制器。
控制器通过IPS识别/监测并确定电力插座的状态,并通过车辆群向驾驶员显示电力插座的状态信息。这样,通过整体并自动管理安装于车辆内的电力插座,向用户通知由于电力供应的断电目前不可用的电力插座和具有问题的电力插座,所以用户可以不使用这样的电力插座。
图2是示出根据本发明实施方式的用于车辆电力插座的电力控制系统的示图。如在图2中所示,根据本发明示例性实施方式的电力控制系统可以包括启动电源2,向安装于车辆内的多个电力插座供应电力;电池电源(普通电源)1向安装的电力插座中的操作中的插座电力供应电力;以及控制器3,被配置为监测车辆的启动部开启/启动部关闭状态(starting-on/off state)、电池充电容量、以及连接至多个电力插座的负载的电流消耗量。
多个电力插座中的每个电力插座通过控制器3连接至电池电源1和启动电源2,并且通过与控制器3的输入对应的输出供应有来自普通电源1或启动电源2的电源。控制器3监测电池充电容量和放电容量,以及启动电源2的发动/关闭状态,使用(接收)所监测的结果作为其输入,并且使用(输出)用于控制IPS4的控制电流作为其输出,从而根据车辆的操作状态自动控制向电力插座供应的电力。
在这种情况下,在向IPS4供应控制电流之前控制器3通过闩锁继电器5最小化去往IPS4的控制电流(指令信号),从而确保操作安全,并且通过IPS4自动控制各个电力插座的电力。控制器3基于车辆的启动状态确定向车辆的各个电力插座供应的电力的类型(即,普通或启动)。
控制器3通过IPS检测连接至各个电力插座的负载的电流消耗量并根据所检测的负载的电流消耗量来控制向各个电力插座供应的电流量。
然后控制器3通过IPS4识别在发动机或电机关闭时电力插座的电流消耗的产生,即,控制器3仅识别操作时出现负载的电流消耗的电力插座,并仅向识别为操作中的电力插座供应电池电力。
此外,如上所述,当控制器3供应电池电力以在发动机或电机关闭时操作电力插座时,如果电池充电容量降低至特定水平或更低,则控制器3根据电力插座的优先级自动断开电池电源。
这样做,控制器3收集并获得在特定时间内检测并通过IPS4传输的多个电力插座的每个电力插座的使用频率数据;通过使用频率数据确定各个电力插座的优先级;并根据电力插座的优先级相继断开电力插座的电力。
控制器3计算电池消耗量,其为操作中的电力插座的电流消耗量的总和,并且如果所计算的电池消耗量大于电池充电容量,则控制器3根据电力插座的优先级相继断开电力插座的电力。
根据本发明的用于电力插座的电力控制系统整体并自动控制电力插座的电力以改善车辆内的电力分配效率,这允许当车辆关闭时的电力插座的日常使用并且因此响应车辆内电子装置的使用的增加同时还减少电池放电速率。
此外,本发明也可以达到以下效果。
第一,当用户使用电力插座时,自动地识别相应的电流消耗量(连接至电力插座的负载的电流消耗量)并且供应电力用于日常使用,从而提高用户的便利性。
第二,自动地识别电池或启动电力的开关操作以自动地根据电池充电容量和启动电力状态控制电力插座的操作,从而增强电池效率。
第三,识别电力插座的使用频率和优先级并且基于电力插座的使用频率和优先级区别地控制电力插座的电力,使得对于增加的电池消耗,自动地断开电力插座的电力,从而保护电池并确保启动性能。
第四,当出现过载电流和最高电压时,可以防止对电池端子引入的压力并且通过预保护可以避免与保险丝的售后服务(A/S)有关的不便。
第五,整体地控制车辆内的电力插座,使得用户识别具有问题的异常电力插座以便防止用户使用所述电力插座。
虽然已经详细地描述了本发明的实施方式,但是本发明的范围不限于上述实施方式,并且由本领域的普通技术人员使用在所附权利要求中限定的本发明的基本原理进行的各种修改和改进也包含在本发明的范围中。
[参考数字的说明]
1:普通电源(电池电力) 2:启动电源
3:控制器 4:智能电力开关(IPS)
5:闩锁继电器
Claims (15)
1.一种用于车辆电力插座的电力控制系统,所述电力控制系统包括:
启动电源,被配置为在车辆发动时向安装于所述车辆内的多个电力插座供应电力;
电池电源,被配置为在所述车辆关闭时向所述多个电力插座中的一个或多个供应电力;以及
控制器,被配置为检测所述车辆是否发动、电池充电容量、以及所述多个电力插座中的每个的电流消耗量并且确定向各个电力插座供应的电力的类型以及是否分别向各个电力插座供应电力,
其中,所述控制器在所述车辆关闭时识别检测到其电流消耗量的电力插座,
其中,当电池充电容量低于所述电力插座的电流消耗量和所述车辆启动所必须的电池消耗量的总和时,所述控制器根据各个电力插座的使用频率确定优先级并根据所述多个电力插座的各个电力插座的所确定的优先级相继断开各个电力插座的电力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电力控制系统,进一步包括:
智能电力开关(IPS),被配置为正常地检测各个电力插座的电流消耗量以将检测结果反馈至所述控制器,并且被配置为基于所述控制器的确定来控制向各个电力插座供应的电力的供应和断开。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电力控制系统,其中,在所述车辆关闭时,所述控制器在电池充电容量低于所述电力插座的电池消耗量时断开一些操作中的电力插座的电力。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电力控制系统,其中,当检测到所述多个电力插座的特定电力插座的异常操作时,所述控制器断开所述特定电力插座的电力。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电力控制系统,其中,当在安装于所述车辆中的所述多个电力插座中存在断开电力供应的特定电力插座时,所述控制器通知用户已经终止到该特定电力插座的电力。
6.一种用于车辆电力插座的电力控制方法,所述电力控制方法包括:
(a)由控制器检测车辆是否发动、电池电力的充电容量、以及在所述车辆内的多个电力插座的电流消耗量;
(b)由所述控制器基于所述车辆是否发动确定向安装于所述车辆内的所述多个电力插座的电力插座供应的电力的类型;
(c)在所述车辆关闭时由所述控制器向所述多个电力插座的操作中的电力插座供应电池电力并识别检测到其电流消耗量的电力插座;以及
(d)当所述电池电源的所述充电容量降低至特定水平或更低时,由所述控制器确定是否断开向所述多个电力插座的各个电力插座供应的所述电池电力,其中,(d)包括当所述电池电力的所述充电容量低于所述电力插座的电流消耗量和所述车辆启动所必须的电池消耗量的总和时,基于各个电力插座的使用频率确定优先级并且根据所确定的优先级相继断开所述多个电力插座的各个电力插座的电力。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电力控制方法,其中,(d)包括当在启动部关闭期间电池的所述充电容量低于所述电力插座的电池消耗量时断开一些操作中的电力插座的电力。
8.根据权利要求6所述的电力控制方法,进一步包括当所述车辆发动时向安装于所述车辆内的所有电力插座供应启动电力。
9.根据权利要求6所述的电力控制方法,进一步包括当作为确定的结果,安装于所述车辆内的多个电力插座中有被断开电力供应的电力插座时,将电力插座状态通知用户。
10.根据权利要求6所述的电力控制方法,进一步包括当检测到电力插座的异常操作时,断开所述电力插座的电力并将所述电力插座通知用户。
11.一种包含由控制器执行的程序指令的非易失性计算机可读介质,所述计算机可读介质包括:
检测车辆是否发动、电池电力的充电容量、以及所述车辆内的多个电力插座的电流消耗量的程序指令;
基于所述车辆是否发动确定向安装于所述车辆内的所述多个电力插座的电力插座供应的电力的类型的程序指令;
在所述车辆关闭时向所述多个电力插座的操作中的电力插座供应电池电力的程序指令;
在所述车辆关闭时识别检测到其电流消耗量的电力插座的程序指令,以及
当所述电池电力的充电容量降低至特定水平或更低时确定是否断开向所述多个电力插座的各个电力插座供应的所述电池电力的程序指令,
其中,断开向所述多个电力插座的各个电力插座供应的所述电池电力的程序指令进一步包括,当所述电池电源的所述充电容量低于所述电力插座的电流消耗量和所述车辆启动所必须的电池消耗量的总和时基于各个电力插座的使用频率确定优先级并且根据所确定的优先级相继断开所述多个电力插座的各个电力插座的电力的程序指令。
12.根据权利要求11所述的非易失性计算机可读介质,其中,断开向所述多个电力插座的各个电力插座供应的所述电池电力的程序指令进一步包括,当在启动部关闭期间电池的所述充电容量低于所述电力插座的电池消耗量时断开操作中的一些电力插座的电力的程序指令。
13.根据权利要求11所述的非易失性计算机可读介质,进一步包括当所述车辆发动时向安装于所述车辆内的所有电力插座供应启动电力的程序指令。
14.根据权利要求11所述的非易失性计算机可读介质,进一步包括当作为确定的结果,安装于所述车辆内的多个电力插座中有被断开电力供应的电力插座时将电力插座状态通知用户的程序指令。
15.根据权利要求11所述的非易失性计算机可读介质,进一步包括当检测到电力插座的异常操作时断开所述电力插座的电力并将所述电力插座通知用户的程序指令。
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