CN104465276A - Compact relativistic magnetron with axially output TE11 mode - Google Patents
Compact relativistic magnetron with axially output TE11 mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave sources in the high power microwave technology and particularly relates to a relativistic magnetron which makes an axially output microwave mode purer, makes a whole system more compact and has a circular TE11 output mode. In order to solve the problems that current axially output relativistic magnetrons need a purer single output mode and existing axially output relativistic magnetrons are not prone to meet the requirements of compactness, miniaturization and the like, the novel relativistic magnetron is put forward. The relativistic magnetron is composed of a coaxial input structure, a resonant cavity structure, an axial output transition section, a circular output waveguide and an external magnetic field system. Due to an improvement on a magnetron anode structure and the design of the axial output transition section, the circular output waveguide and the external magnetic field system, not only can the circular TE11 output mode which is purer be directly output axially, but also the whole system can be more compact and miniaturized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the microwave source technical field in High-Power Microwave technology, it is purer to be specifically related to a kind of microwave mode that can make axially to export, the relativistic magnetron of what whole system was compacter have round TE11 output mode.
Background technology
The authoritative sources James Benford in U.S.'s High-Power Microwave field is from the High Power Microwave System angle of development of practical type, indicate four developing direction of following high-power microwave source: (1) reduces system dimension and weight comprehensively, improve power dissipation ratio; (2) high repetition frequency work; (3) frequency-tunable; (4) long-life.In order to the development and application demand of satisfied following high-power microwave source, develop practical high-power microwave source, have structure simple, efficiency is high, frequency-adjustable, the relativistic magnetron being applicable to the features such as long pulse and high repetition frequency operation has become one of object of the extensive research of people.Compare radial output relativistic magnetron, the axis that structure is compacter exports relativistic magnetron reducing to have larger advantage in system dimension and weight comprehensively, thus becomes a large focus of recent research.
The 1 axial state of development exporting relativistic magnetron
2006, the people such as University of New Mexico of U.S. professor M.I.Fuks by the axial output port of adjustment A6 magnetron be transitioned into circular cone export the subtended angle groove structure of loudspeaker number 2,3 and 6, the axis of simulated implementation magnetron different radiation mode TE11, TE01 and TE31 exports.Under the condition of work of 700kV and 0.6T, this magnetron is operated in π pattern, and operating current is at about 10kA, and operating frequency is 2.18GHz, power output is at about 600MW [M.I.Fuks, N.F.Kovalev, A.D.Andreev, and E.Schamiloglu.Mode conversion in a magnetron with axial extraction ofradiation [J] .IEEE Trans.Plasma Sci., vol.34, no.3, p.620, Jun.2006.].
2007, the axis that the people such as Japan Changgong technology university M.Daimon propose a kind of improved structure on the Research foundation of the people such as E.Schamiloglu exports relativistic magnetron [M.Daimon, W.Jiang.Modified configuration ofrelativistic magnetron with diffraction output for efficiency improvement [J] .Appl.Phys.Lett, 2007,91 (19): 191503.].This magnetron by increasing an angle variables Ф in the transition structure axially exported
0, magnetron power conversion efficiency is increased dramatically, and it is 2.5GHz that simulation obtains operating frequency, and power output is 1.05GW, and power conversion efficiency is 37%, and radiation mode is the result of TE31.2008, they experimentally also demonstrate the raising [M.Daimon that improved structure is conducive to power output, K.Itoh, W.Jiang.Experimental demonstration of relativisticmagnetron with modified output configuration [J] .Appl.Phys.Lett., 2008,92 (19): 191504.].
2009, the people such as China National University of Defense technology doctor Li Wei are poor for axially exporting relativistic magnetron radiation TE11 mode effects, inefficient situation, propose a kind of insertion in the symmetrical subtended angle groove of axial export structure and there is the heavy duty detergent structure of the changeover portion of certain size structure, both the microwave of TE11 pattern had been achieved preferably, turn improve power efficiency, in particle simulation, operating frequency is 2.36GHz, power output is 4.2GW, most effectively reach 43%[W.Li and Y.-G.Liu.Anefficient mode conversion configuration in relativistic magnetron with axial diffraction output [J] .J.Appl.Phys., vol.106, no.5, pp.053303 – 055305, Sep.2009.].2013, they experimentally also demonstrate improvement [the Wei Li that heavy duty detergent structure is conducive to output characteristic, Yong-gui Liu, Jun Zhang, Di-fu Shi, and Wei-qiZhang.Experimental investigations on the relations between configurations and radiation patternsof a relativistic magnetron with diffraction output [J] .J.Appl.Phys., vol.113, no.2, pp.023304-1 – 023304-4, Jan.2013.].
Although the axis reported at present exports relativistic magnetron and has greatly improved in output mode characteristic and power conversion efficiency, whole system structure densification and miniaturized in still have deficiency.
The state of development of 2 compact relativistic magnetrons
2011, the people such as China National University of Defense technology doctor Li Wei are for the problem of the electron beam long-distance axial drift axially exported in relativistic magnetron interaction region, propose a kind of modified model externally-applied magnetic field structure [W.Li and Y.G.Liu.Modifiedmagnetic field distribution in relativistic magnetron with diffraction output for compact operation [J] .Phys.Plasmas, vol.18, no.2, pp.023103-1 – 023103-4, Feb.2011.].This magnetic field structure is by loading one group of axial magnetic field and the reverse solenoid of magnetron interaction region axial magnetic field exporting circular waveguide front end, axial drift electron bundle is made to beat quickly on axial export structure, not only increase power conversion efficiency, and reduce the axial dimension of axial export structure.2012, they demonstrate this externally-applied magnetic field structure experimentally and are raising the efficiency, reduce the effect [WeiLi of physical dimension aspect, Yong-gui Liu, Ting Shu, Han-wu Yang, Yu-wei Fan, Cheng-wei Yuan, and Jun Zhang.Experimental demonstration of a compact high efficient relativistic magnetron with directly axialradiation [J] .Phys.Plasmas, vol.19, no.1, pp.013105-1 – 013105-4, Jan.2012.].
2012, the people such as University of New Mexico of U.S. doctor C.Leach, by directly connecting an output circular waveguide identical with magnetron radius size at the axial output port of magnetron, have studied the impact of output cavity on output characteristic of different number in magnetron.Particle simulation show this novel axial export structure make whole system structure in the axial direction with densification and miniaturization more in radial direction, thus make electron beams drift distance shorter, externally-applied magnetic field system is compacter, and output mode TE11 is purer.Structure is 2.44GHz without this magnetron operating frequency optimized, power output is 520MW, power conversion efficiency is at about 14% [C.Leach, S.Prasad, M.Fuks, and E.Schamiloglu.Compact relativistic magnetron withGaussian radiation pattern [J] .IEEE Trans.Plasma Sci., vol.40, no.11, pp.3116 – 3120, Nov.2012.].
2012, the people such as New Mexico Air Force Research Laboratory Brad W.Hoff propose the relativistic magnetron that structure is extracted in a kind of full chamber, extract structure and adopt Radial Coupling hole and fan-shaped waveguide coupling output, compacter [the Brad W.Hoff of structure, Andrew D.Greenwood, Peter J.Mardahl, and Michael D.Haworth.All Cavity-Magnetron AxialExtraction Technique [J] .IEEE Trans.Plasma Sci., vol.40, no.11, pp.3046 – 3051, Nov.2012.].2014, the people such as BeiJing, China's Applied Physics and computational mathematics research institute Yang Yu woods combined transparent cathode technology on this basis, have studied a kind of full chamber and extracted structured transparent negative electrode relativistic magnetron.Utilize particle simulation at 1.375GHz, obtain the power stage of TEM pattern 2.98GW, efficiency reaches 54%[Yang Yu woods, Dong Zhiwei, Wang Dong. the theory of relativity full chamber extraction magnetic field pipe theory analysis and numerical simulation [J]. microwave journal, the 2014,30th volume (supplementary issue): 402-404].
At present, although realizing different output mode to the research work axially exporting relativistic magnetron in the world, improve power conversion efficiency, reduce system dimension and weight, and improve the aspects such as output mode purity and achieve greater advance, but about output mode can be made purer simultaneously, whole system is compacter, and the report that the higher axis of power conversion efficiency exports relativistic magnetron is comparatively rare, therefore, the research for the relativistic magnetron simultaneously with above feature has important value.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the problem for axially exporting the purer single rice delivery exit pattern of relativistic magnetron needs at present, be difficult to meet densification with the existing relativistic magnetron that axially exports, the problem of the demand of the aspects such as miniaturization, propose a kind of novel relativistic magnetron, this magnetron is by the improvement to anode of magnetron structure, axially export the design of changeover portion, the circular design of output waveguide and the design of externally-applied magnetic field system, not only directly axially can export comparatively pure round TE11 modes microwave, and whole system densification more can be made, miniaturized.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Compact axis exports the relativistic magnetron of TE11 pattern, is exported changeover portion, circular output waveguide and externally-applied magnetic field system formed by coaxial input structure, cavity resonator structure, axis.For convenience, in definition Fig. 1, Z-direction is axially, and R direction of principal axis is radial.Coaxial input structure is external cavity resonator structure axially, cavity resonator structure axially external axis exports changeover portion, axially export changeover portion axially external circular output waveguide, externally-applied magnetic field system is arranged on coaxial input structure, cavity resonator structure and axially exports the surrounding cylindrical area of space of changeover portion, and their longitudinal center line all overlaps.
Described coaxial input structure, is made up of coaxial urceolus and negative electrode connecting rod.Negative electrode connecting rod overlaps with the longitudinal center line of coaxial urceolus.Coaxial urceolus internal diameter is R
oi, external diameter is R
o, negative electrode connecting rod radius is R
i, meet following relation between above-mentioned parameter: 0<R
i<R
oi<R
o.
Described cavity resonator structure, is made up of the modified node method of the typical magnetron cavity resonator structure (wherein N=1,2,3,4,5) and magnetron Anodic block with 2 (2N+1) individual chamber.The described typical magnetron cavity resonator structure with 2 (2N+1) individual chamber is made up of magnetron urceolus, anode and negative electrode.Described magnetron urceolus is the outer end being connected on coaxial input structure axially, and its internal diameter is R
v, the external diameter R of external diameter and coaxial urceolus
oequal, axial length is H
o.Described anode is made up of the individual anode block along magnetron outer tube inner wall angle of circumference to period profile of 2 (2N+1), and its radius is R
a, axial length is H
a, and anode end face is concordant with magnetron urceolus terminal surface.Chamber between each anode block forms resonant cavity, and the angular width of each resonant cavity is θ.Described negative electrode is axially fixed in the end of negative electrode connecting rod in described coaxial input structure, is positioned on the longitudinal center line of magnetron urceolus, and its radius is R
c, axial length is H
c.The groove that the slippery inner surface that the modified node method of described magnetron Anodic block is each anode block has or raised structures.Wherein, described groove or raised structures are along magnetron angle of circumference to being alternately distributed on each anode block inner surface, and the angle center line of groove or projection all overlaps with the angle center line of place anode block, and the radial depth of each groove is Δ R
r, angular width is θ
r, the radial depth of each projection is Δ R
p, angular width is θ
p, the axial length of groove or projection all with the axial length H of anode block
aequal, meet following relation between above-mentioned parameter: 0<R
c<R
a<R
v<R
o, 0< Δ R
r<R
v-R
a, 0< Δ R
p<R
a-R
c, 0< θ
r<180 °/(2N+1)-θ, 0< θ
p<180 °/(2N+1)-θ, 0<H
a<H
o, H
o-H
a<H
c.
Described axis exports changeover portion, and form by axially exporting changeover portion leading portion and axially exporting changeover portion back segment, the axial length wherein axially exporting changeover portion leading portion is H
c1, the axial length axially exporting changeover portion back segment is H
c2.Dividing and axially exporting changeover portion leading portion and the cross section axially exporting changeover portion back segment is that the axial changeover portion that exports is demarcated cross section.For convenience, below by the structure by describing the description of the vacuum section axially exporting changeover portion within axial output changeover portion urceolus.
Described axially output changeover portion leading portion, is made up of the structure axially exported within changeover portion leading portion urceolus and axial output changeover portion leading portion urceolus.Describedly axially export changeover portion leading portion urceolus, by the end port anchor ring of magnetron urceolus, (internal diameter of anchor ring is R
v, external diameter is R
o), (internal diameter of anchor ring is R with axially exporting the anchor ring that changeover portion demarcates on cross section
v1, external diameter is R
o1) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Structure within described axially output changeover portion leading portion urceolus, its vacuum section is made up of interaction region axial transitions section leading portion, separately output cavity axial transitions section leading portion and synthesis output cavity axial transitions section leading portion.Described interaction region axial transitions section leading portion, by the port cross-sectional disc of the interaction region of magnetron, (disc radius is R
a) (disc radius is R with axially exporting the disc that changeover portion demarcates on cross section
a1) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Choose two resonant cavitys that in magnetron, one group of angle is relative, by independent for its called after output cavity, and by other resonant cavity called afters synthesis output cavity.Described independent output cavity axial transitions section leading portion, by the port cross-sectional face of independent output cavity, (bond length of class rectangular surfaces is W with axially exporting the independent class rectangular surfaces that changeover portion demarcates on cross section
one1, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
one1, long edge lengths is R
v1-R
one1) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Described synthesis output cavity axial transitions section leading portion, deducts anode block axial transitions section by synthesis output cavity axial transitions section leading portion essential part and forms.Described synthesis output cavity axial transitions section leading portion essential part, add the anode block port cross-sectional face between described two adjacent synthesis output cavities by the port cross-sectional face of two adjacent synthesis output cavities, (bond length of class rectangular surfaces is W with axially exporting the synthesis class rectangular surfaces that changeover portion demarcates on cross section
two1, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
two1, long edge lengths is R
v1-R
two1) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Described anode block axial transitions section, is made up of anode block axial transitions section outside, anode block axial transitions intersegmental part leading portion and anode block axial transitions intersegmental part back segment.With radius R
cutcircular arc be that the anode block port cross-sectional face between two adjacent synthesis output cavities is divided into two parts by boundary, radius is greater than R
cutpart names be that anode block port cross-sectional face is outside, radius is less than R
cutpart names be that anode block port cross-sectional face is inner.Described anode block axial transitions section is outside, and by outside, anode block port cross-sectional face, in axial direction linear gradient is transitioned into axial distance is H
boardclass rectangular cross section (bond length of class rectangular cross section is W
board, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
board, long edge lengths is R
v+ (R
v1-R
v) * H
board/ H
c1-R
board) form.Described anode block axial transitions intersegmental part leading portion, by inside, anode block port cross-sectional face, in axial direction linear gradient is transitioned into axial distance is H
boardclass trapezoidal cross-section (class trapezoidal cross-section upper base is class rectangular cross section minor face, and the length of side is W
board, go to the bottom as radius is R
stick1, angular width is θ
stick1circular arc) form.Described anode block axial transitions intersegmental part back segment, by described class trapezoidal cross-section, in axial direction linear gradient is transitioned into axial distance is again H
stickclass semi-circular cross-sections (base of class semi-circular cross-sections is radius is R
stick2, angular width is θ
stick2circular arc, the radius of class semi-circular cross-sections is R
stick2* sin (θ
stick2/ 2)) form, meet following relation between above-mentioned parameter: 0<R
a<R
cut<R
v<R
o, 0≤R
one1≤ R
a1, 0≤R
two1≤ R
a1, 0<R
a1<R
v1<R
o1, 0<R
stick1≤ R
board<R
v+ (R
v1-R
v) * H
board/ H
c1, 0<R
stick2<R
stick2+ R
stick2* sin (θ
stick2/ 2) <R
v1, 0< θ
stick1≤ 180 °/(2N+1)-θ, 0< θ
stick2≤ 180 °/(2N+1)-θ, 0<W
one1<2*R
v1, 0<W
two1<2*R
v1, 0<H
board+ H
stick<H
c1.
Described axially output changeover portion back segment, is made up of the structure axially exported within changeover portion back segment urceolus and axial output changeover portion back segment urceolus.Described axially output changeover portion back segment urceolus, by the described anchor ring axially exported on changeover portion boundary cross section, (internal diameter of anchor ring is R with the axial anchor ring exported on the port cross-sectional face of changeover portion back segment
v2, external diameter is R
o2) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Structure within described axially output changeover portion back segment urceolus, its vacuum section is made up of interaction region axial transitions section back segment, separately output cavity axial transitions section back segment and synthesis output cavity axial transitions section back segment.Described interaction region axial transitions section back segment, by the described disc axially exported on changeover portion boundary cross section, (disc radius is R with the disc axially exported on the port cross-sectional face of changeover portion back segment
v2) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Described independent output cavity axial transitions section back segment, by the described independent class rectangular surfaces axially exported on changeover portion boundary cross section, (bond length of class rectangular surfaces is W with the independent class rectangular surfaces axially exported on the port cross-sectional face of changeover portion back segment
one2, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
one2, long edge lengths is R
v2-R
one2) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Described synthesis output cavity axial transitions section back segment, by the described synthesis class rectangular surfaces axially exported on changeover portion boundary cross section, (bond length of class rectangular surfaces is W with the synthesis class rectangular surfaces axially exported on the port cross-sectional face of changeover portion back segment
two2, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
two2, long edge lengths is R
v2-R
two2) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form, meet following relation between above-mentioned parameter: 0≤R
one2≤ R
v2, 0≤R
two2≤ R
v2, 0<R
v2<R
o2, 0<W
one2<2*R
v2, 0<W
two2<2*R
v2, 0<H
c2.
Described circular output waveguide is an internal diameter is R
v2, external diameter is R
o2circular waveguide.Described circular output waveguide is axially outer to be connected on the axial end port cross section exporting changeover portion back segment, meets following relation: 0<R between above-mentioned parameter
v2<R
o2.
Described externally-applied magnetic field system, is made up of two groups of solenoids, is enclosed in coaxial input structure, the surrounding cylindrical area of space of cavity resonator structure and axially output changeover portion.Described two groups of solenoids, lay respectively at the both sides of the axial centre cross section of anode of magnetron structure, and two groups of solenoids synchronously trigger, and the axial magnetic field size and Orientation produced in magnetron interaction region is consistent.
Adopt the present invention can reach following technique effect:
(1) the microwave Induction Peried that the modified node method designing anode block makes magnetron export is shorter, and the ability of suppression mode competition is stronger, and power conversion efficiency is higher.
(2) the axial changeover portion that exports of design not only makes the magnetron be operated in π pattern directly axially export comparatively pure round TE11 modes microwave, and make axially to export changeover portion densification and miniaturization more on radial and axial, reduce the volume and weight of externally-applied magnetic field system, also making the electronics of axially drift in interaction region beat rapidly is axially exporting on changeover portion, decrease drift electron to the absorption probability exporting microwave energy, improve power conversion efficiency.
(3) designing externally-applied magnetic field system makes the distribution of axial magnetic field in interaction region more even, and the interaction of electron beam and microwave is more abundant, and densification and the miniaturization more of whole magnetrons systems.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall longitudinal section that compact of the present invention axially exports the relativistic magnetron of TE11 pattern;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of coaxial input structure;
Fig. 3 is the composition diagram of magnetron cavity structure: the stereogram of (a) magnetron cavity structure, the cross-sectional view of (b) magnetron cavity structure, the longitudinal section of (c) magnetron cavity structure;
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal section axially exporting changeover portion leading portion and leading portion;
Fig. 5 is the composition diagram axially exporting changeover portion leading portion: (a) axially exports the stereogram of changeover portion leading portion, b () axially exports the stereogram of the vacuum section of changeover portion leading portion, (c) axially exports the longitudinal section of changeover portion leading portion and the cross-sectional view of two-port thereof;
Fig. 6 is the composition diagram axially exporting changeover portion back segment: (a) axially exports the stereogram of changeover portion back segment, b () axially exports the stereogram of the vacuum section of changeover portion back segment, (c) axially exports the longitudinal section of changeover portion back segment and the cross-sectional view of two-port thereof;
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of circular output waveguide;
Fig. 8 is the composition diagram of externally-applied magnetic field system: the stereogram of (a) externally-applied magnetic field system, the longitudinal section of (b) externally-applied magnetic field system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further illustrated.
Compact axially exports the relativistic magnetron of TE11 pattern as shown in Figure 1, is made up of coaxial input structure 1, cavity resonator structure 2, axially output changeover portion 3, circular output waveguide 4 and externally-applied magnetic field system 5.For convenience, in definition Fig. 1, Z-direction is axially, and R direction of principal axis is radial.Coaxial input structure 1 is external cavity resonator structure 2 axially, cavity resonator structure 2 is axially external axially exports changeover portion 3, axially export changeover portion 3 axially external circular output waveguide 4, externally-applied magnetic field system 5 is arranged on coaxial input structure 1, cavity resonator structure 2 and axially exports the surrounding cylindrical area of space of changeover portion 3, and their longitudinal center line all overlaps.
Described coaxial input structure 1 as shown in Figure 2, is made up of coaxial urceolus 101 and negative electrode connecting rod 102.Negative electrode connecting rod 102 overlaps with the longitudinal center line of coaxial urceolus 101.Coaxial urceolus 101 internal diameter is R
oi, external diameter is R
o, negative electrode connecting rod 102 radius is R
i, meet following relation between above-mentioned parameter: 0<R
i<R
oi<R
o.
Described cavity resonator structure 2 as shown in Figure 3, is made up of the modified node method of the typical magnetron cavity resonator structure (wherein N=1,2,3,4,5) and magnetron Anodic block with 2 (2N+1) individual chamber.The described typical magnetron cavity resonator structure with 2 (2N+1) individual chamber is made up of magnetron urceolus 201, anode 202 and negative electrode 203.Described magnetron urceolus 201 is the outer end being connected on coaxial input structure 1 axially, and its internal diameter is R
v, the external diameter R of external diameter and coaxial urceolus 101
oequal, axial length is H
o.Described anode 202 is made up of the individual anode block along magnetron outer tube inner wall angle of circumference to period profile of 2 (2N+1), and its radius is R
a, axial length is H
a, and anode 202 terminal surface is concordant with magnetron urceolus 201 terminal surface.Chamber between each anode block forms resonant cavity 204, and the angular width of each resonant cavity is θ.Described negative electrode 203 is axially fixed in the end of negative electrode connecting rod 102 in described coaxial input structure, is positioned on the longitudinal center line of magnetron urceolus 201, and its radius is R
c, axial length is H
c.The groove 205 that the slippery inner surface that the modified node method of described magnetron Anodic block is each anode block has or projection 206 structure.Wherein, described groove or raised structures are along magnetron angle of circumference to being alternately distributed on each anode block inner surface, and the angle center line of groove or projection all overlaps with the angle center line of place anode block, and the radial depth of each groove is Δ R
r, angular width is θ
r, the radial depth of each projection is Δ R
p, angular width is θ
p, the axial length of groove or projection all with the axial length H of anode block
aequal, meet following relation between above-mentioned parameter: 0<R
c<R
a<R
v<R
o, 0< Δ R
r<R
v-R
a, 0< Δ R
p<R
a-R
c, 0< θ
r<180 °/(2N+1)-θ, 0< θ
p<180 °/(2N+1)-θ, 0<H
a<H
o, H
o-H
a<H
c.
By above design, when 2 (2N+1) chamber magnetron is operated in π pattern, the electric field phase difference 180 degree of adjacent two resonant cavitys in magnetron, the direction of an electric field of any two resonant cavitys making angle relative is consistent, and the direction of an electric field of all the other resonant cavitys is symmetrical about the Central Symmetry face of these two resonant cavitys, thus provide advantage for magnetron axially exports circle TE11 modes microwave.By arranging groove and raised structures on anode block, to make magnetron export the Induction Peried of microwave shorter, and the ability of suppression mode competition is stronger, and power conversion efficiency is higher.
As shown in Figure 4, form by axially exporting changeover portion leading portion 3a and axially exporting changeover portion back segment 3b, wherein axially the axial length of output changeover portion leading portion 3a is H to described axially output changeover portion 3
c1, the axial length axially exporting changeover portion back segment 3b is H
c2.Dividing and axially exporting changeover portion leading portion and the cross section axially exporting changeover portion back segment is that the axial changeover portion that exports is demarcated cross section 3ab.For convenience, below by the structure by describing the description of the vacuum section axially exporting changeover portion within axial output changeover portion urceolus.
Described axially output changeover portion leading portion 3a as shown in Figure 5, is made up of the structure axially exported within changeover portion leading portion urceolus 321 and axial output changeover portion leading portion urceolus.Describedly axially export changeover portion leading portion urceolus 321, by the end port anchor ring 319 of magnetron urceolus 201, (internal diameter of anchor ring is R
v, external diameter is R
o), (internal diameter of anchor ring is R with axially exporting the anchor ring 320 that changeover portion demarcates on cross section 3ab
v1, external diameter is R
o1) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Structure within described axially output changeover portion leading portion urceolus, its vacuum section is made up of interaction region axial transitions section leading portion 303, separately output cavity axial transitions section leading portion 306 and synthesis output cavity axial transitions section leading portion 318.Described interaction region axial transitions section leading portion 303, by the port cross-sectional disc 301 of the interaction region of magnetron, (disc radius is R
a) (disc radius is R with axially exporting the disc 302 that changeover portion demarcates on cross section 3ab
a1) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Choose two resonant cavitys that in magnetron, one group of angle is relative, by independent for its called after output cavity, and by other resonant cavity called afters synthesis output cavity.Described independent output cavity axial transitions section leading portion 306, by the port cross-sectional face 304 of independent output cavity, (bond length of class rectangular surfaces is W with axially exporting the independent class rectangular surfaces 305 that changeover portion demarcates on cross section 3ab
one1, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
one1, long edge lengths is R
v1-R
one1) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Described synthesis output cavity axial transitions section leading portion 318, deducts anode block axial transitions section 317 by synthesis output cavity axial transitions section leading portion essential part 310 and forms.Described synthesis output cavity axial transitions section leading portion essential part 310, add the anode block port cross-sectional face 308 between described two adjacent synthesis output cavities by the port cross-sectional face 307 of two adjacent synthesis output cavities, (bond length of class rectangular surfaces is W with axially exporting the synthesis class rectangular surfaces 309 that changeover portion demarcates on cross section 3ab
two1, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
two1, long edge lengths is R
v1-R
two1) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Described anode block axial transitions section 317, is made up of anode block axial transitions section outside 312, anode block axial transitions intersegmental part leading portion 314 and anode block axial transitions intersegmental part back segment 316.With radius R
cutcircular arc be that the anode block port cross-sectional face between two adjacent synthesis output cavities is divided into two parts by boundary, radius is greater than R
cutpart names be the outside 308a in anode block port cross-sectional face, radius is less than R
cutpart names be the inner 308b in anode block port cross-sectional face.Described anode block axial transitions section outside 312, by the outside 308a in anode block port cross-sectional face, in axial direction linear gradient is transitioned into axial distance is H
boardclass rectangular cross section 311 (bond length of class rectangular cross section is W
board, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
board, long edge lengths is R
v+ (R
v1-R
v) * H
board/ H
c1-R
board) form.Described anode block axial transitions intersegmental part leading portion 314, by the inner 308b in anode block port cross-sectional face, in axial direction linear gradient is transitioned into axial distance is H
boardclass trapezoidal cross-section 313 (class trapezoidal cross-section upper base is class rectangular cross section minor face, and the length of side is W
board, go to the bottom as radius is R
stick1, angular width is θ
stick1circular arc) form.Described anode block axial transitions intersegmental part back segment 316, by described class trapezoidal cross-section 313, in axial direction linear gradient is transitioned into axial distance is again H
stickclass semi-circular cross-sections 315 (base of class semi-circular cross-sections is radius is R
stick2, angular width is θ
stick2circular arc, the radius of class semi-circular cross-sections is R
stick2* sin (θ
stick2/ 2)) form, meet following relation between above-mentioned parameter: 0<R
a<R
cut<R
v<R
o, 0≤R
one1≤ R
a1, 0≤R
two1≤ R
a1, 0<R
a1<R
v1<R
o1, 0<R
stick1≤ R
board<R
v+ (R
v1-R
v) * H
board/ H
c1, 0<R
stick2<R
stick2+ R
stick2* sin (θ
stick2/ 2) <R
v1, 0< θ
stick1≤ 180 °/(2N+1)-θ, 0< θ
stick2≤ 180 °/(2N+1)-θ, 0<W
one1<2*R
v1, 0<W
two1<2*R
v1, 0<H
board+ H
stick<H
c1.
Described axially output changeover portion back segment 3b as shown in Figure 6, is made up of the structure axially exported within changeover portion back segment urceolus 329 and axial output changeover portion back segment urceolus.Described axially output changeover portion back segment urceolus 329, by the described anchor ring 320 axially exported on changeover portion boundary cross section 3ab, (internal diameter of anchor ring is R with the axial anchor ring 328 exported on the port cross-sectional face of changeover portion back segment
v2, external diameter is R
o2) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Structure within described axially output changeover portion back segment urceolus, its vacuum section is made up of interaction region axial transitions section back segment 323, separately output cavity axial transitions section back segment 325 and synthesis output cavity axial transitions section back segment 327.Described interaction region axial transitions section back segment 323, by the described disc 302 axially exported on changeover portion boundary cross section 3ab, (disc radius is R with the disc 322 axially exported on the port cross-sectional face of changeover portion back segment
v2) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Described independent output cavity axial transitions section back segment 325, by the described independent class rectangular surfaces 305 axially exported on changeover portion boundary cross section 3ab, (bond length of class rectangular surfaces is W with the independent class rectangular surfaces 324 axially exported on the port cross-sectional face of changeover portion back segment
one2, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
one2, long edge lengths is R
v2-R
one2) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form.Described synthesis output cavity axial transitions section back segment 327, by the described synthesis class rectangular surfaces 309 axially exported on changeover portion boundary cross section 3ab, (bond length of class rectangular surfaces is W with the synthesis class rectangular surfaces 326 axially exported on the port cross-sectional face of changeover portion back segment
two2, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
two2, long edge lengths is R
v2-R
two2) between formed linear gradient changeover portion form, meet following relation between above-mentioned parameter: 0≤R
one2≤ R
v2, 0≤R
two2≤ R
v2, 0<R
v2<R
o2, 0<W
one2<2*R
v2, 0<W
two2<2*R
v2, 0<H
c2.
By above design, described axially output changeover portion 3 not only makes to be operated in 2 in π pattern (2N+1) chamber magnetron and directly axially exports comparatively pure round TE11 modes microwave, and make axially to export changeover portion 3 densification and miniaturization more on radial and axial, reduce the volume and weight of externally-applied magnetic field system 5, also making the electronics of axially drift in interaction region beat rapidly is axially exporting on changeover portion 3, decrease drift electron to the absorption probability exporting microwave energy, improve power conversion efficiency.
Described circular output waveguide 4 as shown in Figure 7, be an internal diameter is R
v2, external diameter is R
o2circular waveguide.Described circular output waveguide 4 is axially outer to be connected on the axial end port cross section 328 exporting changeover portion back segment 3b, meets following relation: 0<R between above-mentioned parameter
v2<R
o2.
Described externally-applied magnetic field system 5 as shown in Figure 8, is made up of two groups of solenoids 501 and 502, is enclosed in coaxial input structure 1, the surrounding cylindrical area of space of cavity resonator structure 2 and axially output changeover portion 3.Described two groups of solenoids 501 and 502, lay respectively at the both sides of the axial centre cross section 2xy of anode of magnetron structure 202, two groups of solenoids synchronously trigger, and the axial magnetic field size and Orientation produced in magnetron interaction region is consistent.
By above design, externally-applied magnetic field system 5 not only makes the distribution of axial magnetic field in interaction region more even, and the interaction of electron beam and microwave is more abundant, and makes densification and the miniaturization more of whole magnetrons systems.
Embodiment one: operating frequency is that (corresponding size is designed to: coaxial input structure resonant cavity structure: N=1, R for the compact relativistic magnetron with round TE11 output mode of 4.48GHz according to above design simulated implementation in the National University of Defense technology
i=R
c=5.0mm, R
oi=R
a=13.0mm, R
v=24.0mm, R
o=26.0mm, Δ R
r=Δ R
p=1.0mm, θ=20 °, θ
r=θ
p=5 °, H
o=H
c=108mm, H
a=72mm; Axially export changeover portion and circular output waveguide: R
cut=19mm, R
a1=13mm, R
v1=R
v2=24.0mm, R
o1=R
o2=26.0mm, R
one1=R
one2=R
two1=R
two2=0.0mm, R
stick1=R
stick2=13.0mm, R
board=19.0mm, θ
stick1=θ
stick2=24 °, W
one1=W
one2=10.0mm, W
two1=W
two2=20.0mm, W
board=2.0mm, H
c1=H
c2=50.0mm, H
board=30.0mm, H
stick=5.0mm.).Be 360kV in operating voltage, axial magnetic field is under the condition of 0.6T, and microwave output power is 433.0MW, and power conversion efficiency is 41.9%, and microwave Induction Peried is 16ns.
Embodiment two: operating frequency is that (corresponding size is designed to: coaxial input structure resonant cavity structure: N=2, R for the compact relativistic magnetron with round TE11 output mode of 4.29GHz according to above design simulated implementation in the National University of Defense technology
i=R
c=11.0mm, R
oi=R
a=18.0mm, R
v=30.0mm, R
o=32.0mm, Δ R
r=Δ R
p=1.0mm, θ=18 °, θ
r=θ
p=4.5 °, H
o=H
c=108mm, H
a=72mm; Axially export changeover portion and circular output waveguide: R
cut=19mm, R
a1=18mm, R
v1=R
v2=30.0mm, R
o1=R
o2=32.0mm, R
one1=R
one2=R
two1=R
two2=0.0mm, R
stick1=R
stick2=17.0mm, R
board=19.0mm, θ
stick1=θ
stick2=14 °, W
one1=W
one2=11.0mm, W
two1=W
two2=23.0mm, W
board=2.0mm, H
c1=H
c2=50.0mm, H
board=30.0mm, H
stick=4.0mm.).Be 230kV in operating voltage, axial magnetic field is under the condition of 0.4T, and microwave output power is 285.0MW, and power conversion efficiency is 26.4%, and microwave Induction Peried is 15ns.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention be not only confined to above-described embodiment, and all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the axial relativistic magnetron exporting TE11 pattern of compact, it is characterized in that: described magnetron is by coaxial input structure, cavity resonator structure, axially export changeover portion, circular output waveguide and externally-applied magnetic field system composition, wherein, coaxial input structure is external cavity resonator structure axially, cavity resonator structure axially external axis exports changeover portion, axially export changeover portion axially external circular output waveguide, externally-applied magnetic field system is arranged on coaxial input structure, the surrounding cylindrical area of space of cavity resonator structure and axially output changeover portion, and their longitudinal center line all overlaps,
Described coaxial input structure is made up of coaxial urceolus and negative electrode connecting rod, and described negative electrode connecting rod overlaps with the longitudinal center line of described coaxial urceolus, and described coaxial urceolus internal diameter is R
oi, external diameter is R
o, described negative electrode connecting rod radius is R
i, meet following relation between above-mentioned parameter: 0<R
i<R
oi<R
o;
Described cavity resonator structure is made up of the modified node method of the typical magnetron cavity resonator structure and magnetron Anodic block with 2 (2N+1) individual chamber, the described typical magnetron cavity resonator structure with 2 (2N+1) individual chamber is made up of magnetron urceolus, anode and negative electrode, described magnetron urceolus is the outer end being connected on coaxial input structure axially, and its internal diameter is R
v, the external diameter R of external diameter and coaxial urceolus
oequal, axial length is H
o, described anode is made up of the individual anode block along magnetron outer tube inner wall angle of circumference to period profile of 2 (2N+1), and its radius is R
a, axial length is H
aand anode end face is concordant with magnetron urceolus terminal surface, chamber between each anode block forms magnetron cavity, the angular width of each resonant cavity is θ, described negative electrode is axially fixed in the end of negative electrode connecting rod in described coaxial input structure, be positioned on the longitudinal center line of described magnetron urceolus, its radius is R
c, axial length is H
c; The groove that the slippery inner surface that the modified node method of described magnetron Anodic block is each anode block has or raised structures, wherein, described groove or raised structures are along magnetron angle of circumference to being alternately distributed on each anode block inner surface, the angle center line of groove or projection all overlaps with the angle center line of place anode block, and the radial depth of each groove is Δ R
r, angular width is θ
r, the radial depth of each projection is Δ R
p, angular width is θ
p, the axial length of groove or projection all with the axial length H of anode block
aequal, meet following relation between above-mentioned parameter: 0<R
c<R
a<R
v<R
o, 0< Δ R
r<R
v-R
a, 0< Δ R
p<R
a-R
c, 0< θ
r<180 °/(2N+1)-θ, 0< θ
p<180 °/(2N+1)-θ, 0<H
a<H
o, H
o-H
a<H
c;
The described changeover portion that axially exports forms by axially exporting changeover portion leading portion and axially exporting changeover portion back segment, and the wherein said axial length axially exporting changeover portion leading portion is H
c1, the described axial length axially exporting changeover portion back segment is H
c2, dividing and axially exporting changeover portion leading portion and the cross section axially exporting changeover portion back segment is that the axial changeover portion that exports is demarcated cross section;
Described axially output changeover portion leading portion is made up of the structure axially exported within changeover portion leading portion urceolus and axial output changeover portion leading portion urceolus, and described axially output changeover portion leading portion urceolus is R by magnetron urceolus internal diameter
v, external diameter is R
oend port anchor ring, be R with axially exporting changeover portion internal diameter on cross section of demarcating
v1, external diameter is R
o1anchor ring between the linear gradient changeover portion that formed form; Structure within described axially output changeover portion leading portion urceolus, its vacuum section is made up of interaction region axial transitions section leading portion, separately output cavity axial transitions section leading portion and synthesis output cavity axial transitions section leading portion, and described interaction region axial transitions section leading portion is R by disc radius on the interaction region of magnetron
aport cross-sectional disc be R with axially exporting changeover portion disc radius on cross section of demarcating
a1disc between the linear gradient changeover portion that formed form, choose two resonant cavitys that in magnetron, one group of angle is relative, by independent for its called after output cavity, and by other resonant cavity called afters synthesis output cavity, then described independent output cavity axial transitions section leading portion is W by the port cross-sectional face of described independent output cavity with axially exporting changeover portion bond length on cross section of demarcating
one1, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
one1, long edge lengths is (R
v1-R
one1) independent class rectangular surfaces between the linear gradient changeover portion that formed form, described synthesis output cavity axial transitions section leading portion deducts anode block axial transitions section form by synthesizing output cavity axial transitions section leading portion essential part, by the port cross-sectional face of two adjacent synthesis output cavities, described synthesis output cavity axial transitions section leading portion essential part adds that anode block port cross-sectional face between described two adjacent synthesis output cavities is W with axially exporting changeover portion bond length on cross section of demarcating
two1, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
two1, long edge lengths is (R
v1-R
two1) synthesis class rectangular surfaces between the linear gradient changeover portion that formed form, described anode block axial transitions section is outside by anode block axial transitions section, anode block axial transitions intersegmental part leading portion and anode block axial transitions intersegmental part back segment form, with radius R
cutcircular arc be that the anode block port cross-sectional face between two adjacent synthesis output cavities is divided into two parts by boundary, radius is greater than R
cutpart names be that anode block port cross-sectional face is outside, radius is less than R
cutpart names be that anode block port cross-sectional face is inner, described anode block axial transitions section is outside is H by axial direction linear gradient is transitioned into axial distance to outside, anode block port cross-sectional face
board, bond length is W
board, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
board, long edge lengths is (R
v+ (R
v1-R
v) * H
board/ H
c1-R
board) class rectangular cross section form, described anode block axial transitions intersegmental part leading portion is H by axial direction linear gradient is transitioned into axial distance to inside, anode block port cross-sectional face
board, upper base is class rectangular cross section minor face, the length of side is W
board, go to the bottom as radius is R
stick1, angular width is θ
stick1the class trapezoidal cross-section of circular arc form, by described class trapezoidal cross-section, in axial direction linear gradient is transitioned into axial distance to described anode block axial transitions intersegmental part back segment is again H
stick, base be radius is R
stick2, angular width is θ
stick2circular arc, class semi-circular cross-sections radius be (R
stick2* sin (θ
stick2/ 2) class semi-circular cross-sections) is formed, and meets following relation: 0<R between above-mentioned parameter
a<R
cut<R
v<R
o, 0≤R
one1≤ R
a1, 0≤R
two1≤ R
a1, 0<R
a1<R
v1<R
o1, 0<R
stick1≤ R
board<R
v+ (R
v1-R
v) * H
board/ H
c1, 0<R
stick2<R
stick2+ R
stick2* sin (θ
stick2/ 2) <R
v1, 0< θ
stick1≤ 180 °/(2N+1)-θ, 0< θ
stick2≤ 180 °/(2N+1)-θ, 0<W
one1<2*R
v1, 0<W
two1<2*R
v1, 0<H
board+ H
stick<H
c1;
Described axially output changeover portion back segment forms with the axial structure exported within changeover portion back segment urceolus by axially exporting changeover portion back segment urceolus, and the anchor ring that described axially output changeover portion back segment urceolus is demarcated on cross section by described axial output changeover portion is R with internal diameter on the axial port cross-sectional face exporting changeover portion back segment
v2, external diameter is R
o2anchor ring between the linear gradient changeover portion that formed form; Structure within described axially output changeover portion back segment urceolus, its vacuum section is made up of interaction region axial transitions section back segment, separately output cavity axial transitions section back segment and synthesis output cavity axial transitions section back segment, and axially to export disc that changeover portion demarcates on cross section with radius on the port cross-sectional face axially exporting changeover portion back segment be R to described interaction region axial transitions section back segment by described
v2disc between the linear gradient changeover portion that formed form, axially to export independent class rectangular surfaces that changeover portion demarcates on cross section with bond length on the port cross-sectional face axially exporting changeover portion back segment be W to described independent output cavity axial transitions section back segment by described
one2, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
one2, long edge lengths is (R
v2-R
one2) independent class rectangular surfaces between the linear gradient changeover portion that formed form, axially to export synthesis class rectangular surfaces that changeover portion demarcates on cross section with bond length on the port cross-sectional face axially exporting changeover portion back segment be W to described synthesis output cavity axial transitions section back segment by described
two2, with longitudinal center line at a distance of R
two2, long edge lengths is (R
v2-R
two2) synthesis class rectangular surfaces between the linear gradient changeover portion that formed form, meet following relation between above-mentioned parameter: 0≤R
one2≤ R
v2, 0≤R
two2≤ R
v2, 0<R
v2<R
o2, 0<W
one2<2*R
v2, 0<W
two2<2*R
v2, 0<H
c2;
Described circular output waveguide is an internal diameter is R
v2, external diameter is R
o2circular waveguide, described circular output waveguide is axially outer to be connected on the described end port cross section axially exporting changeover portion back segment, meets following relation: 0<R between above-mentioned parameter
v2<R
o2;
Described externally-applied magnetic field system is made up of two groups of solenoids, be enclosed in coaxial input structure, cavity resonator structure and the axial surrounding cylindrical area of space exporting changeover portion, described two groups of solenoids lay respectively at the both sides of the axial centre cross section of anode of magnetron structure, two groups of solenoids synchronously trigger, and the axial magnetic field size and Orientation produced in magnetron interaction region is consistent.
2. compact axially exports a relativistic magnetron for TE11 pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: N=1,2,3,4 or 5.
3. there is a compact relativistic magnetron for TE10 output mode as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: each parameter of described magnetron is as follows: N=1, R
i=R
c=5.0mm, R
oi=R
a=13.0mm, R
v=24.0mm, R
o=26.0mm, Δ R
r=Δ R
p=1.0mm, θ=20 °, θ
r=θ
p=5 °, H
o=H
c=108mm, H
a=72mm; Axially export changeover portion and circular output waveguide: R
cut=19mm, R
a1=13mm, R
v1=R
v2=24.0mm, R
o1=R
o2=26.0mm, R
one1=R
one2=R
two1=R
two2=0.0mm, R
stick1=R
stick2=13.0mm, R
board=19.0mm, θ
stick1=θ
stick2=24 °, W
one1=W
one2=10.0mm, W
two1=W
two2=20.0mm, W
board=2.0mm, H
c1=H
c2=50.0mm, H
board=30.0mm, H
stick=5.0mm.
4. there is a compact relativistic magnetron for TE10 output mode as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: each parameter of described magnetron is as follows: N=2, R
i=R
c=11.0mm, R
oi=R
a=18.0mm, R
v=30.0mm, R
o=32.0mm, Δ R
r=Δ R
p=1.0mm, θ=18 °, θ
r=θ
p=4.5 °, H
o=H
c=108mm, H
a=72mm; Axially export changeover portion and circular output waveguide: R
cut=19mm, R
a1=18mm, R
v1=R
v2=30.0mm, R
o1=R
o2=32.0mm, R
one1=R
one2=R
two1=R
two2=0.0mm, R
stick1=R
stick2=17.0mm, R
board=19.0mm, θ
stick1=θ
stick2=14 °, W
one1=W
one2=11.0mm, W
two1=W
two2=23.0mm, W
board=2.0mm, H
c1=H
c2=50.0mm, H
board=30.0mm, H
stick=4.0mm.
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| CN105869973A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-08-17 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Compact type magnetron capable of axially outputting circularly polarized TE11 coaxial waveguide mode |
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