CN104459808A - Monitoring and forecasting method and device for water bursting hazards on roof and floor of coal working face - Google Patents
Monitoring and forecasting method and device for water bursting hazards on roof and floor of coal working face Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a monitoring and forecasting method for water bursting hazards on the roof and floor of a coal working face. The method comprises the steps that electrodes are arranged in drilled holes as power supply and measurement electrodes, and two infinite electrodes are arranged in roadways as auxiliary power supply and measurement electrodes, so that a power supply and measurement system is formed; the power supply electrodes feed direct currents into strata to establish an artificial electric field, and the other electrodes in the drilled holes in the same stratum measure potential simultaneously; the power supply electrodes are changed, potential measurement is repeated until all the electrodes complete power supply, and one-time monitoring measurement is completed; when coal mining is not started on the coal working face, the obtained potential serves as a background value; in the working face mining process, stress of the strata changes, cracks are generated to form water migration pathways, distribution of equipotential surfaces of a point power supply field will be changed, and information of water bursting around the drilled holes is obtained by monitoring the change. The invention further discloses a monitoring and forecasting device. By the adoption of the monitoring and forecasting method and device, change of geoelectric features around the drilled holes can be monitored in real time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of geophysical exploration, be specifically related to a kind of coal-face top, the monitoring and prediction method of Water Inrush disaster and device thereof.
Background technology
Coal resources are one of China's main energy sources, along with the renewal of winning apparatus, the increase of yield, the mining depth of mine increases gradually, high artesian from top, coal seam, floor water-bearing rock threatens and also increasingly sharpens, and is a kind of potential danger to the safety coal extraction of workplace and miner's life security.
Roof water comprises the water in superjacent Water in mined area and water-bearing zone, top Water in mined area can judge according to related data, and unrestrained in advance, and in water-bearing strata, the tax of water is deposited and strong and weak with formation lithology with the growth in hole, crack etc., and supply source etc. is because have substantial connection.Remote roof water, because it is distant, coordinate detection and unrestrained all very difficult, but the initial fissure increased by roof caving in exploitation process and new crack import coal-face; Floor water mostly is high artesian, in working face mining process, once floor strata does not keep out the hydraulic pressure of floor water-bearing rock, it is outstanding that piestic water then knows from experience generation, particularly at the North China type coalfield in main quarrying charcoal Permian period coal seam, below seat earth, tens meters of are the huge ordovician limestone water-bearing zone of water cut, and water inrush accident is once occur, destructive large, often cause casualties and property loss.In addition, water damage accident also has and rescues that large, the economic loss of difficulty is large, the mine recovery cycle is long, the features such as potential safety hazard is many between convalescence.
More to the research of Water Inrush mechanism both at home and abroad, water bursting coefficient method, " Down Three Zone " as in succession proposed are theoretical, original position is opened and split and Zero Position Failure theory, sheet model vital edge etc.These theories have important directive significance to understanding and evaluation gushing water problem, but also there is corresponding defect, as: water bursting coefficient method the parameter that utilizes be impermeable layer thickness and hydraulic pressure value, parameter is on the low side, and just utilize the information of partial points, thus predict the outcome and actual conditions there is bigger difference; The existence of " Down Three Zone " theoretical qualitative analysis three band, but concrete division of this three band and transforming relationship are not quantitatively mentioned, and therefore it theoretically can only to exist as one; Original position is opened to split and is proposed from mining angle with Zero Position Failure theory, think ore deposit pressure, hydraulic pressure cooperates with workplace and can be divided into three sections to the coverage in coal seam, i.e. advanced pressure compression section, release expansion arc and adopt rear pressure and compress---stable section; Sheet model vital edge proposes floor strata by the concept of adopting water flowing fractured zone and base plate water proof band and forming, adopt the elastic solution by even vertical load on semi-infinite body certain length, try to achieve the maximal destruction degree of depth of base plate mining influence in conjunction with Griffith strength theory and Coulomb-Mohr strength theory respectively.In a word, these theories have significant limitation, are difficult to promotion and application in practice.
At gushing water warning aspect, Dong Shuning, Wang Jingming etc. (1998) have developed the real-time monitoring system of coal seam bottom water bursting monitoring and prediction, and its main monitoring equipment is stress, strain, hydraulic pressure, temperature sensor, based on monitoring station and the ground computer of 8098 single-chip microcomputers.By the change of monitoring hydraulic pressure, water temperature, as the foundation of prediction, its prerequisite is that water must flow through sensing station; Institutes Of Technology Of Taiyuan has applied for the patent of invention of " the monitoring and prediction method that Ordovician karst water is outstanding " by name in 2003, its implementation method is the water-bearing zone utilized under seat earth, as monitor layer, drilling is to this layer, running casing, install level sensor, tensimeter and data acquisition system (DAS) in aperture, the change of monitoring water level, obtains water level distribution plan and gushing water forecast result.This invention still needs borehole drilling to proceed to water level to put, or gushing water must flow through this boring, otherwise monitors failure, Cheng Jiulong has applied for the patent of invention of " mine water-bursting predicting system based on information fusion " by name in 2006, because termination without Payment lost efficacy, Huabei Tech College Yin Shang has applied for the patent of invention of " mine water bursting disaster monitoring and early-warning system and control method thereof " by name prior to 2009, its implementation method at seat earth, water damage accident place easily occurs to construct two and hole, bury cooling-water temperature sensor, hydraulic pressure sensor, strain gauge, strain transducer, displacement transducer composition in site measurement subsystem respectively underground, and modes of warning preset for data importing, show, if there is dangerous situation will send alert with various ways such as image, sound, mobile communication with the form of graph curve and numeral, Liu Sheng east in 2009, Wang Bo etc. have done " the mine water disaster early warning experimental study based on earth electric field response in seepage action of ground water ", by setting up Shen Liu – electrical measurement model, electric pulse field parameter test is gathered in flow event, with current potential, electric current time line and apparent resistivity isochronous surface are characterized as foundation, find that in flow event, natural electric field all shows as ascendant trend in time-space domain, spontaneous potential isochronal extreme point instruction seepage flow position, and there is advanced sensing capability, in actual application, potential electrode is arranged in tunnel, the water outlet of stoping period workplace internal lag then cannot realize monitoring, in addition, when water outlet hydraulic pressure is larger, water flow velocity is bigger than normal, the time of early warning reduces greatly, even have little time early warning.
Water bursting disaster sexual behavior therefore be the road blocking tiger of building security, highly efficient and productive mine, although many scholars have carried out unremitting effort in this respect, and for different situations, propose various prophylactico-therapeutic measures and water-bursting predicting prediction theory, with regard to its theory itself, relatively perfect, but its using value is restricted, especially miscellaneous parameter, possibly cannot obtain or be difficult in engineering to reflect actual conditions, this brings difficulty to rig-site utilization, and what have cannot use even at all.
For any water bursting disaster sexual behavior thus generation have a process, different phase wherein all can present different change informations, monitors these information timely and effectively, for realize coal-face top, Water Inrush monitoring and prediction most important.Successful monitoring and forecast, can set apart for drainage works and personnel withdraw, reduce or avoid casualties and economic loss completely.Therefore, research and develop a kind of method of coal-face top, Water Inrush disaster being carried out to monitoring and prediction of effective practicality, have important practical significance and economic worth.
Summary of the invention
For solving the technical matters of existing existence, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of coal-face top, the monitoring and prediction method of Water Inrush disaster and device thereof.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of coal-face top, the monitoring and prediction method of Water Inrush disaster, the method is: in boring, arrange electrode, as one of them power supply and potential electrode, two remote electrodes are arranged in tunnel, as auxiliary power supply and potential electrode, form supplying measure system, described transmitting electrode feeds direct current and sets up artificial electric field to stratum, remaining electrode in being holed by same layer measures current potential simultaneously, then transmitting electrode is changed, the work of duplicate measurements current potential, to each electrode all completes power supply, complete and once monitor measurement, when workplace does not start back production, the current potential obtained is as background value, in working face extraction process, reservoir stress changes, produce crack, become the migration pathway of water, the equipotential surface distribution of point source field will be changed, by monitoring this change, obtain boring mine water inrush information around.
In such scheme, the method realizes especially by following steps:
(1) in tunnel, to the whole workplace top or the base plate that need monitoring, or the top of local danger section or base plate, play the boring of directed concordant, described directed concordant boring is at least passed two-layer, and one deck is near coal seam, and one deck is near water-bearing zone;
(2) drilling hole transverse spacing can be determined according to rock stratum electrical property feature, and namely instrument feeds the size of electric current in stratum and can observe the ultimate range of this electric field change, and the spacing of wells is less than this ultimate range; Drilling depth can be determined by face width or local danger sector sizes;
(3) for the arrangement of electrodes of monitoring in the borehole;
(4) arrange two remote electrodes in mine laneway, be together connected supplying measure equipment with the electrode in boring, composition supplying measure system, the drilling depth that remote electrode distance is greater than 5 times;
(5) with the single electrode power supply of layer, set up the point source field centered by transmitting electrode, remaining electrode is measured simultaneously, the current potential that acceptance point power supply field produces in receiving electrode position; Each electrode is powered successively, completes supplying measure, be converted into lower one deck to all electrodes;
(6) by monitoring, the current potential of electric current when acquisition each point is powered and all the other some survey records, directly the electric current obtained in working face extraction process and current potential can be compared with background value, also can be exchanged into apparent resistivity and compare with background apparent resistivity, obtain the electrical variation characteristic on monitored stratum.
In such scheme, described boring is the boring of directed concordant, in tunnel, coal-face both sides, in the rock stratum of whole top or base plate or the dangerous section that needs emphasis to monitor, play at least two-layer boring parallel with workplace, drilling depth will control face width or dangerous sector width.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides the monitoring prediction device of a kind of coal-face top, Water Inrush disaster, this device comprises several electrodes be arranged in the boring of directed concordant and two remote electrodes be arranged in tunnel, described directed concordant boring arranges several, and each directed concordant boring is from face roof or base plate, or the top board of local danger section or base plate to extend to underground at least two-layer; The processor that several electrodes described are all arranged by communication cable and ground with two remote electrodes is connected.
In such scheme, described two remote electrodes are arranged along perpendicular to directed concordant boring direction, the directed concordant drilling depth that distance is greater than 5 times.
In such scheme, described two remote electrodes are arranged along large lane, the directed concordant drilling depth being greater than 5 times with nearest potential electrode distance.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention can identify whether as workplace top or Water Inrush, for base plate, in working face extraction process, when monitoring lower electrode potential change early than upper strata, then for Floor water has the danger projected upwards, on the contrary then for base plate produces crack or tunnel internal water accumulation flows into caused by crack.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is applied environment schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is arrangement of electrodes schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is principle schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is device schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of coal-face top, the monitoring and prediction method of Water Inrush disaster, the method is: in boring, arrange electrode, as one of them power supply and potential electrode, two remote electrodes are arranged in tunnel, as auxiliary power supply and potential electrode, form supplying measure system, described transmitting electrode feeds direct current and sets up artificial electric field to stratum, according to current field Distribution Principle, it is all point source when each transmitting electrode is powered respectively, its equipotential plane take transmitting electrode as the sphere of the centre of sphere, the feature of this sphere is the current potential identical (being referred to as equipotential surface) of any point on same sphere, remaining electrode in being holed by same layer measures current potential simultaneously, then transmitting electrode is changed, the work of duplicate measurements current potential, to each electrode all completes power supply, complete and once monitor measurement, when workplace does not start back production, the current potential obtained is as background value, in working face extraction process, reservoir stress changes, produce crack, become the migration pathway of water, the equipotential surface distribution of point source field will be changed, by monitoring this change, obtain boring mine water inrush information around.
By instant invention overcomes in the past each theory and Forecasting Methodology is unilateral, locally, the miscellaneous drawback of parameter, utilize the feature of resistivity prospecting bulk effect, by arrangement of electrodes in the borehole, form stereoscopic monitoring net, realize Real-Time Monitoring and to hole the change of electrical feature peripherally.
By the present invention by arrangement of electrodes in the borehole, avoid working environment complicated in tunnel, improve the degree of reliability of Monitoring Data.
By multi-layered electrode combination monitoring, can identify whether as top, floor water-bearing rock water source gushing water, accurate positioning.
Described monitoring and prediction method realizes especially by following steps:
(1) in tunnel, to the whole workplace top or the base plate that need monitoring, or the top of local danger section or base plate, play the boring of directed concordant, described directed concordant boring is at least passed two-layer, and one deck is near coal seam, and one deck is near water-bearing zone;
Concrete, described boring is the boring of directed concordant, in tunnel, coal-face both sides, in the rock stratum of whole top or base plate or the dangerous section that needs emphasis to monitor, play at least two-layer boring parallel with workplace, drilling depth will control face width or dangerous sector width.
Namely described at least two-layer boring be one deck near the coal seam, the transport conditions of monitoring top, floor crack development degree and water; One deck near water-bearing zone, the migration of monitoring top, floor water-bearing rock water or outstanding situation; In addition, boring can be added, to monitor the migration of water or outstanding locus in the middle of this two-layer boring.
As in Fig. 1, there is place's low-resistance water content 7 in inside, water-bearing zone 3, described base plate bottom, for the dynamic change situation of monitoring water content 7 in workplace mining active process, directed concordant boring 8 and 9 need be played in workplace 1 base plate stratum 2 in tunnel 4 and 5, drilling depth can be determined according to face width, and the spacing of same tunnel internal drilling is H
1.
(2) drilling hole transverse spacing can be determined according to rock stratum electrical property feature, and namely instrument feeds the size of electric current in stratum and can observe the ultimate range of this electric field change, and the spacing of wells is less than this ultimate range; Drilling depth can be determined by face width or local danger sector sizes;
Concrete, drilling hole transverse spacing, feeds the size of electric current in stratum by instrument and rock stratum electric conductivity determines, the artificial field source namely set up in rock stratum, minimumly can be observed by electrode farthest in surrounding two boring.
(3) for the arrangement of electrodes of monitoring in the borehole;
Concrete, described electrode and hole wall close contact, sand-cement slurry perfusion boring.
(4) arrange two remote electrodes in mine laneway, be together connected supplying measure equipment with the electrode in boring, composition supplying measure system, the drilling depth that remote electrode distance is greater than 5 times;
(5) with the single electrode power supply of layer, set up the point source field centered by transmitting electrode, remaining electrode is measured simultaneously, the current potential that acceptance point power supply field produces in receiving electrode position.Each electrode is powered successively, completes supplying measure, be converted into lower one deck to all electrodes;
Concrete, described power supply, metering system are single electrode power supply, and all the other each electrodes with layer carry out measuring (ultimate range that can receive signal is a power supply, measuring unit) simultaneously, change an electrode power supply, repeat aforementioned surveying work, complete power supply to all electrodes, measure.
(6) by monitoring, the current potential of electric current when acquisition each point is powered and all the other some survey records, directly the electric current obtained in working face extraction process and current potential can be compared with background value, also can be exchanged into apparent resistivity and compare with background apparent resistivity, obtain the electrical variation characteristic on monitored stratum.
Concrete, the described electric current by monitoring acquisition and current potential, directly the electric current obtained in working face extraction process and current potential can be compared with background value, also can be exchanged into apparent resistivity to compare with background apparent resistivity, explain the electrical variation characteristic on monitored stratum, prediction top, the danger of floor water-bearing rock gushing water.
Embodiment 1:
The specific embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) needing to carry out in the roadway workface of Water Inrush monitoring, to whole base plate or the dangerous section that needs emphasis to monitor, the boring of directed concordant is played.As in Fig. 1, workplace comprises tunnel 4,5 and working face open-off cut eye 6, there is place's low-resistance water content 7 in inside, water-bearing zone 3, base plate bottom, for the dynamic change situation of monitoring water content 7 in workplace mining active process, directed concordant boring 8 and 9 need be played in workplace 1 base plate stratum 2 in tunnel 4 and 5, drilling depth can be determined according to face width, and the spacing of same tunnel internal drilling is H
1;
(2) concordant boring 8 and 9 is longitudinally upper can be divided into two-layer (can increase to upper, middle and lower three layers, or more) up and down, and in two-layer, one deck in the normal rock stratum of base plate vicinity, adopts period for monitoring face, and stress changes crack and the water guide situation thereof of generation; One deck near top circle, water-bearing zone, bottom, for monitoring the process that aquifer water (in accompanying drawing water content 7) projects upwards, the two-layer spacing of wells is H
2.
(3) as shown in Figure 2, respectively to send in each directed concordant boring 8 and 9 can with the electrode 10 of hole wall close contact, electrode 10 spacing is H
3, connected by cable 12, drawn by aperture, be directly connected with supplying measure equipment 13, or cause ground by cable, be connected with surface instrumentation.Boring adopts cement grouting, with electrode 10 in fixing boring.In observation process, namely each electrode is transmitting electrode, is again potential electrode.
(4) as shown in Figure 3, employing is followed successively by single electrode for galvanic mode, sets up point source field in the earth formation, in uniform dielectric situation, its equipotential plane take transmitting electrode as the hemisphere face 11 of the centre of sphere, and the feature of this sphere is that the current potential of any point on same sphere is equal.
(5) when an electrode power supply, be potential electrode with other each electrode of layer, the simultaneously current potential that produces in potential electrode position of measuring point power supply field; Change to next electrode power supply, with the work of all the other each electrode duplicate measurements current potential of layer; Carrying out successively, to all powering complete with all electrode of layer, is the once complete monitoring of this layer.
(6) change to lower one deck, repeat work in (5), all completing power supply collecting work to each layer, is the monitoring that floor undulation is once complete.
If when having water body to migrate to monitoring ate electrode, because its resistivity is lower, have the ability attracting electric current, make the current density of ate electrode change compared with primary stratum, namely current density becomes large, thus causes the some current potential of monitoring electrode place to change.
(7) supply current of each electrode of each layer and the current potential of measurement is obtained by monitoring, the electric current obtained in working face extraction process and current potential are compared with same layer background value (electric current gathered before working face extraction and current potential), or be converted to apparent resistivity and compare with background apparent resistivity, explain the electrical variation characteristic on monitored stratum, prediction top, the danger of floor water-bearing rock gushing water.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides the monitoring prediction device of a kind of coal-face top, Water Inrush disaster, as shown in Figure 4, this device comprises several electrodes 10 be arranged in the boring of directed concordant and two remote electrodes be arranged in tunnel, described directed concordant boring 8 arranges several, and each directed concordant boring 8 is from face roof or base plate, or the top board of local danger section or base plate to extend to underground at least two-layer; The processor that several electrodes described are all arranged by communication cable and ground with two remote electrodes is connected.
Described electrode 10 is connected by cable 12, is drawn by aperture, is directly connected with supplying measure equipment 13.
In workplace 1, base plate stratum 2, directed concordant boring 8 is played in described tunnel 4.
Described two remote electrodes are arranged along perpendicular to directed concordant boring direction, and distance is greater than the degree of depth of the directed concordant boring 8 of 5 times; Huo Yan great lane is arranged, the directed concordant being greater than 5 times with nearest potential electrode distance hole 8 the degree of depth.
According to embodiment, detailed description is made to the present invention above, but, described description is exemplary, the present invention is not limited only in embodiment, those skilled in the art can make various forms of replacement or change according to the present invention's instruction to it completely, under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept and spirit, every various change of making the present invention and modify the content being all considered as the present invention and containing, within the scope all falling into claims.
Claims (6)
1. a coal-face top, the monitoring and prediction method of Water Inrush disaster, it is characterized in that, the method is: in boring, arrange electrode, as one of them power supply and potential electrode, two remote electrodes are arranged in tunnel, as auxiliary power supply and potential electrode, form supplying measure system, described transmitting electrode feeds direct current and sets up artificial electric field to stratum, remaining electrode in being holed by same layer measures current potential simultaneously, then transmitting electrode is changed, the work of duplicate measurements current potential, to each electrode all completes power supply, complete and once monitor measurement, when workplace does not start back production, the current potential obtained is as background value, in working face extraction process, reservoir stress changes, produce crack, become the migration pathway of water, the equipotential surface distribution of point source field will be changed, by monitoring this change, obtain boring mine water inrush information around.
2. the monitoring and prediction method of coal-face top according to claim 1, Water Inrush disaster, it is characterized in that, the method realizes especially by following steps:
(1) in tunnel, to the whole workplace top or the base plate that need monitoring, or the top of local danger section or base plate, play the boring of directed concordant, described directed concordant boring is at least passed two-layer, and one deck is near coal seam, and one deck is near water-bearing zone;
(2) drilling hole transverse spacing can be determined according to rock stratum electrical property feature, and namely instrument feeds the size of electric current in stratum and can observe the ultimate range of this electric field change, and the spacing of wells is less than this ultimate range; Drilling depth can be determined by face width or local danger sector sizes;
(3) for the arrangement of electrodes of monitoring in the borehole;
(4) arrange two remote electrodes in mine laneway, be together connected supplying measure equipment with the electrode in boring, composition supplying measure system, the drilling depth that remote electrode distance is greater than 5 times;
(5) with the single electrode power supply of layer, set up the point source field centered by transmitting electrode, remaining electrode is measured simultaneously, the current potential that acceptance point power supply field produces in receiving electrode position;
3.each electrode is powered successively, completes supplying measure, be converted into lower one deck to all electrodes;
(6) by monitoring, the current potential of electric current when acquisition each point is powered and all the other some survey records, directly the electric current obtained in working face extraction process and current potential can be compared with background value, also can be exchanged into apparent resistivity and compare with background apparent resistivity, obtain the electrical variation characteristic on monitored stratum.
3. the monitoring and prediction method of coal-face top according to claim 1 and 2, Water Inrush disaster, it is characterized in that, described boring is the boring of directed concordant, in tunnel, coal-face both sides, to in the rock stratum of whole top or base plate or the dangerous section that needs emphasis to monitor, play at least two-layer boring parallel with workplace, drilling depth will control face width or dangerous sector width.
4. the monitoring prediction device of a coal-face top, Water Inrush disaster, it is characterized in that, this device comprises several electrodes be arranged in the boring of directed concordant and two remote electrodes be arranged in tunnel, described directed concordant boring arranges several, and each directed concordant boring is from face roof or base plate, or the top board of local danger section or base plate to extend to underground at least two-layer; The processor that several electrodes described are all arranged by communication cable and ground with two remote electrodes is connected.
5. the monitoring prediction device of coal-face top according to claim 4, Water Inrush disaster, is characterized in that: described two remote electrodes are arranged along perpendicular to directed concordant boring direction, the directed concordant drilling depth that distance is greater than 5 times.
6. the monitoring prediction device of coal-face top according to claim 4, Water Inrush disaster, is characterized in that: described two remote electrodes are arranged along large lane, the directed concordant drilling depth being greater than 5 times with nearest potential electrode distance.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105652311A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-08 | 陕西煤业化工技术研究院有限责任公司 | Micro-seismic monitoring method for monitoring water inrush of base plate |
| WO2019047538A1 (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2019-03-14 | 山东科技大学 | Three dimensional space identifying and positioning method for water inrush channel in underground rock mass |
| CN109782020A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-05-21 | 贾颢晨 | Underground tomography water (flow) direction detection device and detection method |
| CN110821475A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-21 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Coal mine working face bottom plate drilling resistivity monitoring method and cable pushing device |
| CN111929349A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-13 | 新疆工程学院 | Roadway surrounding rock dynamic water content in-situ test method and system |
| CN114016912A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-08 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Device and method for detecting water level while drilling of underground directional drilling of coal mine |
| CN114088782A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-02-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Potential identification method for coal rock mass water inrush danger area under stress and seepage action |
| CN116931102A (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-10-24 | 山东大学 | Multi-level error frequency excitation charging detection method and system |
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| CN114088782A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-02-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Potential identification method for coal rock mass water inrush danger area under stress and seepage action |
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