CN104458549A - Adjustable type overland flow testing device - Google Patents
Adjustable type overland flow testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104458549A CN104458549A CN201410674983.7A CN201410674983A CN104458549A CN 104458549 A CN104458549 A CN 104458549A CN 201410674983 A CN201410674983 A CN 201410674983A CN 104458549 A CN104458549 A CN 104458549A
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Abstract
The invention provides an adjustable type overland flow testing device which comprises an overland water tank as well as soil fixing grids and a surface plate, wherein the overland water tank is of an overland inclined structure supported by support columns; the soil fixing grids are provided with telescopic support feet; the surface plate is provided with telescopic support feet; the overland water tank is an integrated groove consisting of a base water tank and a surface flow collecting tank which is connected with the water outlet end of the base water tank; the water inlet end of the base water tank is opened; the water outlet end of the base water tank is sealed; first tail water collecting holes are formed in the bottom of the water outlet end of the base water tank; the water inlet end of the surface flow collecting tank is opened; the water outlet end of the surface flow collecting tank is sealed; a bottom plate at the water inlet end is connected with the top end of a vertical sealing plate at the water outlet end of the base water tank; second tail water collecting holes are formed in the bottom plate; the soil fixing grids are arranged on the bottom plate of the base water tank; the surface plate is arranged on the bottom plate on one side of the water outlet end of the base water tank; one end of the surface plate is connected with the soil fixing grids; the other end of the surface plate is connected with the bottom plate of the surface flow collecting tank; a first screening net is arranged between the bottom plate at the water outlet end of the base water tank and the surface plate with the telescopic support feet.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to overland flow test unit technical field, particularly the adjustable overland flow test unit of one.
Background technology
Slope soil erosion is the important step in soil erosion process, and field monitoring and shop experiment are the Main Means of research slope flow characteristic and soil erosion mechanism.Soil Slope is subject to into the impact of the many factors such as native reason, landforms characteristic, flow condition, and actual Soil Slope and the gradient often present evolution with distance along slope aspect, its soil constitution, ulking thickness and domatic Cover Characteristics also difference to some extent.In order to understand slope flow kinetic characteristic and soil erosion transport mechanics thereof in depth, overland flow test is current topmost research means.Because field monitoring is by the impact of natural conditions, the repeatability of test influence factor is difficult to be guaranteed, indoor overland flow test then has good repeatability, therefore the test of indoor overland flow is the Main Means studying slope flow kinetic characteristic and soil erosion transport mechanics thereof at present.
Existing overland flow test unit is the tank be obliquely installed, the water inlet end of this tank and water side are all in opening, it is domatic that the base plate of tank forms monoblock type, by laying soil and after plant vegetation in soil, can carry out overland flow test under true vegetative coverage condition on tank base plate.Existing overland flow test unit has the following disadvantages: first, directly soil is laid on smooth tank base plate during owing to testing, thus the poor stability of soil on base plate, soil is easy to be taken away by current, cause differing greatly in the change of the generations such as the ulking thickness of domatic upper soil in overland flow process of the test, the gradient and vegetative coverage characteristic and actual environment, thus affect the accuracy of overland flow test findings; Second, because existing overland flow test unit does not design the structure of tail water categorised collection, therefore it is used to carry out overland flow test, surface stream can only be collected together with interflow when collecting tail water, and the flow characteristics of surface stream and interflow and be different to the erosion mechanism of soil, make existing overland flow test unit also can affect the accuracy of overland flow test findings because of the reason of this respect; 3rd, because of reality domatic on SOIL DISTRIBUTION characteristic often present evolution with distance with slope aspect, and existing overland flow test unit can not realize the independent assortment of many gradients, thus in overland flow test, the soil's distribution pattern simulated behavior realizing many slope change is difficult to, so can not reflect that actual Soil Slope spatial characteristics is on the impact of overland flow test findings truly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of adjustable overland flow test unit is provided, this device can carry out the overland flow test under true vegetative coverage condition, soil is not easily taken away by current, domatic condition can stablize maintenance, the categorised collection of interflow and surface stream can also be realized, improve the accuracy of overland flow test, the independent assortment of many gradients can also be realized by the combination of multiple soil fixing grid.
Adjustable overland flow test unit provided by the invention, comprise domatic tank, domatic tank forms domatic incline structure by shore supports, with telescoping support pin soil fixing grid and the panel being with telescoping support pin, and the integral type groove that feeder forms is flowed on the surface that described domatic tank is connected with its water side by basic tank, the wherein water inlet end opening of basic tank, water side is closed, water side bottom of gullet is provided with the first tail water collection hole, the water inlet end opening of surface stream feeder, water side is closed, the top that water inlet end base plate closes riser with basic tank water side connects, base plate is provided with the second tail water collection hole, described soil fixing grid is placed on basic tank base plate, and described panel is placed on the base plate of side, basic tank water side, and its one end connects with soil fixing grid, and the base plate that the other end flows feeder with surface connects, the first screen cloth is provided with, before this screen cloth is positioned at the first tail water collection hole between the panel of basic tank water side base plate and band telescoping support pin.
In above-mentioned adjustable overland flow test unit, the frid of described basic tank offers water level displaying tube mounting hole, is wherein provided with water level displaying tube, the inner side of water level displaying tube mounting hole is provided with the second screen cloth.The side plate of usual basic tank arranges a water level displaying tube mounting hole every 30 ~ 50cm, according to the needs that actual overland flow is tested, can water level displaying tube mounting hole is set and water level displaying tube is installed on the frid of basic tank side or both sides.
In above-mentioned adjustable overland flow test unit, the quantity of described soil fixing grid is at least 2 pieces, and the combined type forming the gradient different by the telescoping adjustable feet of each piece of soil fixing grid on the base plate of domatic tank is domatic.
In above-mentioned adjustable overland flow test unit, described telescoping support pin is made up of outer tube and inner sleeve, the wall of outer tube is provided with the screw hole matched with trip bolt, fixed by trip bolt after the mutual fit of internal and external casing, the lower end of feet is provided with anti-skid base.
Above-mentioned adjustable overland flow test unit also comprises feed trough and stable chute, water outlet one end of described feed trough connects stable chute by weir divider, water outlet one end of stable chute is connected with the water inlet end of domatic tank, and the base plate of stable chute is lower than the base plate of basic tank water inlet end, feed trough and stable chute form horizontal structure by shore supports.
In above-mentioned adjustable overland flow test unit, described first screen cloth and the second screen cloth make by the material of resistance to current and soil corrosion, preferred stainless (steel) wire.
In above-mentioned adjustable overland flow test unit, the soil fixing grid of described band telescoping support pin makes with the material of the panel of band telescoping support pin by resistance to current and soil corrosion, wherein, grid and the preferred plastic production of panel, the preferred plastics of telescoping support pin or stainless steel make.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, owing to being provided with soil fixing grid in adjustable overland flow test unit provided by the invention, when overland flow is tested, the simulation of natural domatic water flow motion character istics can be realized after laying soil and plantation vegetation, soil on domatic is under the double action of vegetation and soil stationary grizzly, its stability is higher, not easily taken away by current, thus in process of the test, the characteristic condition such as the ulking thickness of domatic upper soil, the gradient and vegetative coverage can more stably keep, thus improves the accuracy of overland flow test.
2, because adjustable overland flow test unit provided by the invention is provided with tail water collection assembly and piezometric tube, thus the water level of interflow and interflow water level can be measured in real time with the situation of change of tank along journey in overland flow test, and the separate collection of surface stream and interflow can be realized, and obtain the flow characteristics data of surface stream and interflow, thus contribute to understanding more realistically surface stream and interflow to the impact of Soil Slope, improve the accuracy that overland flow is tested.
The feet of the soil fixing grid that the base plate 3, due to the domatic tank of adjustable overland flow test unit provided by the invention is laid is extension type, thus by the adjustment to feet height, freely change the domatic gradient, and again by the combination of multiple soil fixing grid and the cooperation of telescoping support pin, the independent assortment of different gradient can be formed in same domatic tank, namely being formed after filling soil with slope aspect is the soil's distribution pattern characteristic of evolution with distance, thus can reflect the impact that Soil Slope spatial characteristics is tested overland flow more realistically.
4, because the adjustable overland flow test unit of the gradient of the present invention is also provided with stable chute, stable chute can smooth-going slope flow, thus can avoid the restriction of shop experiment import incoming flow segment length and the situation of the slope flow instability occurred, thus reach better test effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is (the first) structural representation of the adjustable overland flow test unit of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the broken section structural representation of the domatic tank of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation of water level displaying tube of the present invention on domatic tank side plate;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of water level displaying tube of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the soil fixing grid of band telescoping support pin of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the telescoping support pin of soil fixing grid of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the panel of band telescoping support pin of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the broken section structural representation of the present invention's adjustable overland flow test unit afterbody;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram after overland flow test unit plantation vegetation described in Fig. 1 of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the second structural representation of the adjustable overland flow test unit of the present invention.
In figure, 1-domatic tank, 1-1-basic tank, 1-2-surface stream feeder, 2-soil fixing grid, 3-panel, 4-telescoping support pin, 4-1-outer tube, 4-2-inner sleeve, 4-3-anti-skid base, the 5-the first tail water collection hole, 6-the second tail water collection hole, the 7-the first screen cloth, 8-water level displaying tube mounting hole, 9-water level displaying tube, 10-the second screen cloth, 11-feed trough, 12-stable chute, 13-weir divider, 14-pillar.
Embodiment
By the following examples and by reference to the accompanying drawings the structure of adjustable overland flow test unit of the present invention and using method are described further.In following each embodiment, in order to avoid the corrosion of current and soil, described water level displaying tube is glass tube, first screen cloth and the second screen cloth are stainless (steel) wire, grid and panel are by plastic production, the telescoping support pin of grid and lower panels is made by stainless steel, and described domatic tank, feed trough and stable chute are made by organic glass.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the structure of the adjustable overland flow test unit that the present embodiment provides comprises domatic tank 1, with the soil fixing grid 2 of telescoping support pin 4, panel 3 with telescoping support pin 4, and the integral type groove that feeder 1-2 forms is flowed on the surface that described domatic tank 1 is connected with its water side by basic tank 1-1, the broken section structural representation of domatic tank is shown in Fig. 2, the wherein water inlet end opening of basic tank 1-1, water side is closed, water side bottom of gullet is provided with the first tail water collection hole 5, the water inlet end opening of surface stream feeder 1-2, water side is closed, the top that water inlet end base plate closes riser with basic tank water side connects, base plate is provided with the second tail water collection hole 6.The frid of described basic tank 1-1 side offers a water level displaying tube mounting hole 9 every 30cm, L shape water level displaying tube 9 (see Fig. 4) is arranged in water level displaying tube mounting hole 9 by being with the rubber stopper of through hole, the inner side of water level displaying tube mounting hole is provided with the second screen cloth 10, and the scheme of installation of water level displaying tube on domatic tank side plate is shown in Fig. 3.Described soil fixing grid 2 is placed on basic tank base plate, its structure as described in Figure 5, described telescoping support pin 4 is made up of outer tube 4-1 and inner sleeve 4-2, the wall of outer tube is provided with the screw hole matched with trip bolt, fixed by trip bolt after the mutual fit of internal and external casing, the lower end of feet is provided with anti-skid base 4-3, as shown in Figure 6.The structure of the panel 3 of described band telescoping support pin 4 as shown in Figure 7, the structure of its telescoping support pin 4 is identical with the telescoping support pin of soil fixing grid, panel 3 with telescoping support pin 4 is placed on the base plate of side, basic tank water side, its one end connects with soil fixing grid, and the base plate that the other end flows feeder with surface connects; The first screen cloth 7 is provided with, before this screen cloth is positioned at the first tail water collection hole, as shown in Figure 8 between the panel of basic tank water side base plate and band telescoping support pin; Domatic tank is supported by pillar 14 and forms domatic incline structure.
In the present embodiment, domatic tank placed altogether 9 soil fixing grids 2, by the height of the telescoping support pin of adjustment soil fixing grid, domatic tank defines the combination of multiple gradient section, the height of the telescoping support pin of adjustment panel 3, one end of panel 3 is connected with soil fixing grid, the base plate that the other end flow feeder with surface connects, filling soil in soil fixing grid and after planting vegetation (as shown in Figure 9) overland flow that can realize under true vegetative coverage condition test.
The aperture of described first screen cloth and the second screen cloth should meet the soil be laid on below soil fixing grid when overland flow is tested and can not spill from screen cloth.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the structure of described adjustable overland flow test unit as shown in Figure 10, comprises domatic tank 1, the soil fixing grid 2 of band telescoping support pin 4 and panel 3, feed trough 11 and the stable chute 12 of band telescoping support pin 4.The integral type groove that feeder 1-2 forms is flowed on the surface that described domatic tank 1 is connected with its water side by basic tank 1-1, the broken section structural representation of domatic tank is shown in Fig. 2, wherein the water inlet end opening of basic tank 1-1, water side are closed, water side bottom of gullet is provided with the first tail water collection hole 5, water inlet end opening, the water side of surface stream feeder 1-2 are closed, the top that water inlet end base plate closes riser with basic tank water side connects, and base plate is provided with the second tail water collection hole 6.The frid of described basic tank 1-1 side offers a water level displaying tube mounting hole 8 every 50cm, L shape water level displaying tube 9 (see Fig. 4) is arranged in water level displaying tube mounting hole 8 by being with the rubber stopper of through hole, the inner side of water level displaying tube mounting hole 8 is provided with the second screen cloth 10, and the scheme of installation of water level displaying tube on domatic tank side plate is shown in Fig. 3.Described soil fixing grid 2 is placed on basic tank base plate, its structure as described in Figure 5, described telescoping support pin 4 is made up of outer tube 4-1 and inner sleeve 4-2, the wall of outer tube is provided with the screw hole matched with trip bolt, fixed by trip bolt after the mutual fit of internal and external casing, the lower end of feet is provided with anti-skid base 4-3, as shown in Figure 6.The structure of the panel 3 of described band telescoping support pin 4 as shown in Figure 7, the structure of its telescoping support pin 4 is identical with the telescoping support pin of soil fixing grid, panel 3 with telescoping support pin is placed on the base plate of side, basic tank water side, its one end connects with soil fixing grid, and the base plate that the other end flows feeder 1-2 with surface connects; The first screen cloth 7 is provided with, before this screen cloth is positioned at the first tail water collection hole 5, as shown in Figure 8 between the panel of basic tank water side base plate and band telescoping support pin.Water outlet one end of described feed trough 11 connects stable chute 12 by weir divider 13, water outlet one end of stable chute 12 is connected with the water inlet end of domatic tank 1, and the base plate of stable chute 12 is lower than the base plate of basic tank 1-1 water inlet end, feed trough and stable chute are supported by pillar 14 and form horizontal structure, and domatic tank 1 is supported by pillar 14 and forms domatic incline structure.
In the present embodiment, domatic tank placed altogether 9 soil fixing grids 2, by the height of the telescoping support pin of adjustment soil fixing grid 2, domatic tank defines the combination of multiple gradient section, the height of the telescoping support pin of adjustment panel 3, one end of panel 3 is connected with soil fixing grid, and the base plate that the other end flow feeder 1-2 with surface connects, and filling soil in soil fixing grid 2 overland flow under can realizing true vegetative coverage condition after planting vegetation are tested.
The aperture of described first screen cloth and the second screen cloth should meet the soil be laid on below soil fixing grid when overland flow is tested and not spill from screen cloth.
Claims (9)
1. an adjustable overland flow test unit, comprise domatic tank (1), domatic tank forms domatic incline structure by shore supports, characterized by further comprising the soil fixing grid (2) of band telescoping support pin (4) and the panel (3) of band telescoping support pin (4), and the integral type groove that feeder (1-2) forms is flowed on the surface that described domatic tank (1) is connected with its water side by basic tank (1-1), the wherein water inlet end opening of basic tank (1-1), water side is closed, water side bottom of gullet is provided with the first tail water collection hole (5), the water inlet end opening on surface stream feeder (1-2), water side is closed, the top that water inlet end base plate closes riser with basic tank water side connects, base plate is provided with the second tail water collection hole (6), described soil fixing grid (2) is placed on basic tank base plate, and described panel (3) is placed on the base plate of side, basic tank water side, and its one end connects with soil fixing grid, and the base plate that the other end flows feeder with surface connects, the first screen cloth (7) is provided with, before this screen cloth is positioned at the first tail water collection hole between the panel of basic tank water side base plate and band telescoping support pin.
2. adjustable overland flow test unit according to claim 1, the frid that it is characterized in that described basic tank (1-1) offers water level displaying tube mounting hole (8), wherein be provided with water level displaying tube (9), the inner side of water level displaying tube mounting hole is provided with the second screen cloth (10).
3. adjustable overland flow test unit according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that the quantity of described soil fixing grid (2) is at least 2 pieces.
4. adjustable overland flow test unit according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described telescoping support pin (4) is made up of outer tube (4-1) and inner sleeve (4-2), the wall of outer tube is provided with the screw hole matched with trip bolt, fixed by trip bolt after the mutual fit of internal and external casing, the lower end of feet is provided with anti-skid base (4-3).
5. adjustable overland flow test unit according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described telescoping support pin (4) is made up of outer tube (4-1) and inner sleeve (4-2), the wall of outer tube is provided with the screw hole matched with trip bolt, fixed by trip bolt after the mutual fit of internal and external casing, the lower end of feet is provided with anti-skid base (4-3).
6. adjustable overland flow test unit according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that this test unit also comprises feed trough (11) and stable chute (12), water outlet one end of described feed trough connects stable chute by weir divider (13), water outlet one end of stable chute is connected with the water inlet end of domatic tank, and the base plate of stable chute is lower than the base plate of basic tank water inlet end, feed trough and stable chute form horizontal structure by shore supports.
7. adjustable overland flow test unit according to claim 3, it is characterized in that this test unit also comprises feed trough (11) and stable chute (12), water outlet one end of described feed trough connects stable chute by weir divider (13), water outlet one end of stable chute is connected with the water inlet end of domatic tank, and the base plate of stable chute is lower than the base plate of basic tank water inlet end, feed trough and stable chute form horizontal structure by shore supports.
8. adjustable overland flow test unit according to claim 4, it is characterized in that this test unit also comprises feed trough (11) and stable chute (12), water outlet one end of described feed trough connects stable chute by weir divider (13), water outlet one end of stable chute is connected with the water inlet end of domatic tank, and the base plate of stable chute is lower than the base plate of basic tank water inlet end, feed trough and stable chute form horizontal structure by shore supports.
9. adjustable overland flow test unit according to claim 5, it is characterized in that this test unit also comprises feed trough (11) and stable chute (12), water outlet one end of described feed trough connects stable chute by weir divider (13), water outlet one end of stable chute is connected with the water inlet end of domatic tank, and the base plate of stable chute is lower than the base plate of basic tank water inlet end, feed trough and stable chute form horizontal structure by shore supports.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410674983.7A CN104458549B (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2014-11-21 | A kind of adjustable overland flow assay device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410674983.7A CN104458549B (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2014-11-21 | A kind of adjustable overland flow assay device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104458549A true CN104458549A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
| CN104458549B CN104458549B (en) | 2017-04-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410674983.7A Expired - Fee Related CN104458549B (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2014-11-21 | A kind of adjustable overland flow assay device |
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| CN (1) | CN104458549B (en) |
Cited By (3)
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| CN105510167A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-04-20 | 山东大学 | Water erosion characteristic testing device and method for geotextile slope protection |
| CN105510552A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-04-20 | 沈阳农业大学 | Simulation test device for obtaining soil interflow |
| CN106023766A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-10-12 | 山东科技大学 | Test apparatus for simulating the effect of different slope vegetations on water flow resistance |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105510552A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-04-20 | 沈阳农业大学 | Simulation test device for obtaining soil interflow |
| CN105510167A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-04-20 | 山东大学 | Water erosion characteristic testing device and method for geotextile slope protection |
| CN106023766A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-10-12 | 山东科技大学 | Test apparatus for simulating the effect of different slope vegetations on water flow resistance |
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| CN104458549B (en) | 2017-04-05 |
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