CN104457987A - Prismatic decomposition multiplexing multi-spectral imaging device - Google Patents
Prismatic decomposition multiplexing multi-spectral imaging device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a prismatic decomposition multiplexing multi-spectral imaging device which comprises a telescopic objective set, an entrance slit, a collimating mirror, a beam splitter prism, a first way of imaging module, a second way of imaging module, a third way of imaging module, a control circuit and a computer controlling and image collecting and processing system. Three kinds of different spectrum images can be obtained at the same time through one beam splitter prism and three imaging light paths, multiplexing multi-spectral imaging is achieved, and feature images can be directly merged without subsequent image processing due to the high spectral resolution of the formed images. According to the prismatic decomposition multiplexing multi-spectral imaging device, only three kinds of spectrum images with different characteristics of the same scene target are received each time, the real-time performance of an imaging system is improved, and engineering application is facilitated. The prismatic decomposition multiplexing multi-spectral imaging device is simple in structure, characteristic multi-spectral combinations are conducted on a specific target conveniently so that fast detection and recognition can be achieved, various characteristic spectral combinations can be achieved, and therefore detection and recognition of disguise targets of various backgrounds of different season vegetations, deserts and water bodies can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to multi-optical spectrum imaging technology field, relate generally to a kind of multispectral imaging device, particularly relate to the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of a kind of prismatic decomposition.
Background technology
Multi-optical spectrum imaging technology by spectral analysis technique spectroscopic data feature being carried out to extraction and analysis with can the two-dimensional imaging technique that object carries out imaging be organically combined, thus scout the various fields such as detection and be used widely in remote sensing, biomedicine, military target and pay close attention to.In current prismatic decomposition push-broom type multi-spectral imager, each being pushed away by imager sweeps the image that obtained multispectral image is all spectrum in certain spectral range, spectral information data volume is large, need the image calculation analyzing and processing through the later stage, the characteristic spectrum picture of single width tool could be obtained, not there is real-time, be unfavorable for actual use.
Publication number is that the Chinese patent of CN103234632A discloses a kind of pull-broom type optical spectrum imagers optical system, an off-axis incidence telephotolens and a spectrometer based on prism-grating-prism decomposition is had to form, multiple passage can be designed to according to actual needs and share a telephotolens, in the wings through dichronic mirror light splitting, each via spectrometer imaging.This optical system is the image of multiple spectrum in some spectral ranges in each passage imaging, and need to resolve process through successive image and could obtain single spectrum picture, amount of image information is large, increases data processing, does not possess real-time.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to provide the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of prismatic decomposition that a kind of structure is simple, spectral resolution is high, real-time is good.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The multiplexed multispectral imaging device of described a kind of prismatic decomposition, its feature exists: comprise telephotolens group, and entrance slit, collimating mirror, Amici prism, first via image-forming assembly, the second road image-forming assembly, the 3rd road image-forming assembly, control circuit and computing machine control and image collection processing system;
First via image-forming assembly comprises the first secondary imaging mirror, the first detector, the first inching gear and the second inching gear, and the first inching gear and the second inching gear drive the first secondary imaging mirror and the first detector deflection respectively; Second road image-forming assembly comprises the second secondary imaging mirror, the second detector, the 3rd inching gear and the 4th inching gear, and the 3rd inching gear and the 4th inching gear drive the second secondary imaging mirror and the second detector deflection respectively; 3rd road image-forming assembly comprises the 3rd secondary imaging mirror, the 3rd detector, the 5th inching gear and the 6th inching gear, and the 5th inching gear and the 6th inching gear drive the 3rd secondary imaging mirror and the 3rd detector deflection respectively;
The light coming from target passes through entrance slit by telephotolens group post-concentration, become the light of a certain band of target, a certain band light is by after collimating mirror, become collimated light, collimated light arrives the plane of incidence of Amici prism, the prism that is split is divided into the light of different wave length, be positioned at the first via image-forming assembly of three diverse locations, second road image-forming assembly and the 3rd road image-forming assembly receive the light of the three beams different wave length of Amici prism outgoing, and converge on respective detector target surface respectively, first detector, light signal is converted to electric signal and sends in computing machine control and image collection processing system by the second detector and the 3rd detector, obtain the spectrum fused images of three kinds of different wave lengths, the control end of Amici prism, the first inching gear, the second inching gear, the 3rd inching gear, the 4th inching gear, the 5th inching gear, the 6th inching gear controls to be connected with the serial ports of image collection processing system by data line and computing machine, the control signal of receiving computer.
Further preferred version, the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of described a kind of prismatic decomposition, its feature exists: the first detector, the second detector and the 3rd detector are linear array detector; First via image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.4 ~ 0.6um, and the second road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.6 ~ 0.76um, and the 3rd road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.76 ~ 1.0um.
Further preferred version, the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of described a kind of prismatic decomposition, its feature exists: for the spectral characteristic of green vegetation background and camouflaged target, first via image-forming assembly is selected to realize the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.5 ~ 0.56um, second road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.65 ~ 0.76um, and the 3rd road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.8 ~ 0.95um.
Further preferred version, the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of described a kind of prismatic decomposition, its feature exists: for the spectral characteristic of desert background and camouflaged target, first via image-forming assembly is selected to realize the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.56 ~ 0.6um, second road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.7 ~ 0.76um, and the 3rd road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.82 ~ 1.0um.
Further preferred version, the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of described a kind of prismatic decomposition, its feature exists: for the spectral characteristic of water body background with metal target under water, first via image-forming assembly is selected to realize the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.4 ~ 0.6um, second road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.6 ~ 0.65um, and the 3rd road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.76 ~ 0.78um.
Further preferred version, the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of described a kind of prismatic decomposition, its feature exists: Amici prism apex angle α is 37 °, two base angle θ
1equal with θ 2 and be 71.5 °.
Further preferred version, the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of described a kind of prismatic decomposition, its feature exists: computing machine controls to comprise with image collection processing system hardware computing machine, display, image pick-up card, storer, software comprise computer controlled system and image acquisition and processing module, and computing machine controls and image acquisition and processing Module Division is interface module, control module, acquisition module, image processing module;
Interface module is Presentation Function button groups and image display area over the display, and function button group comprises beginning video acquisition button, the first inching gear turn knob, the second inching gear turn knob, the 3rd inching gear turn knob, the 4th inching gear turn knob, the 5th inching gear turn knob, the 6th inching gear turn knob, image procossing button, preserves image button; The fusion video image that image display area dynamic display image processing module exports;
Control module, according to the selection instruction of spectral wavelength, sends the angular adjustment instruction of inching gear to required image-forming assembly, to adapt to the change of different spectrum shooting angle;
Acquisition module gathers the multispectral image that the first detector, the second detector and the 3rd detector export simultaneously;
The different multispectral image of three width that acquisition module obtains by image processing module carries out pseudo-colours fusion and exports.
Beneficial effect
Beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in the following aspects.
(1) the present invention is by a light splitting optical path, three imaging optical paths can obtain three kinds of different spectrum pictures simultaneously, achieve multiplexed multispectral imaging, become the spectral resolution height of image not need successive image process just can direct fusion feature image.
(2) the present invention adopts in imaging optical path, receives only the spectrum picture of three kinds of different characteristics of Same Scene target at every turn, improves the real-time of imaging system, be beneficial to engineer applied.
(3) structure of the present invention is simple, is convenient to carry out the multispectral combination of feature for specific objective and realizes quick detection identification.The detection and identify of camouflaged target under the present invention can realize various features spectral combination and then realize Various Seasonal vegetation, desert, the multiple background of water body.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of prismatic decomposition of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is image-forming assembly composition schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is Amici prism modular construction schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the light path schematic diagram of the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of prismatic decomposition of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that Computer of the present invention controls and image acquisition and processing process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of prismatic decomposition of the present invention comprises, telephotolens group 1, entrance slit 2, collimating mirror 3, Amici prism 4, first via image-forming assembly 5, second road image-forming assembly 6, the 3rd road image-forming assembly 7, control circuit 8 and computing machine control and image collection processing system 9.
With reference to shown in Fig. 2, first via image-forming assembly 5 comprises the first catoptron 5-1, the first secondary imaging mirror 5-2, the first detector 5-3, the first inching gear 5-4, the second inching gear 5-5 and the 3rd inching gear 5-6.First inching gear 5-4, the second inching gear 5-5 and the 3rd inching gear 5-6 drive the first catoptron 5-1 respectively, and the first secondary imaging mirror 5-2, the first detector 5-3 deflects.
Second road image-forming assembly 6 comprises the second secondary imaging mirror 6-1, the second detector 6-2, the 4th inching gear 6-3 and the 5th inching gear 6-4.4th inching gear 6-3 and the 5th inching gear 6-4 drives the second secondary imaging mirror 6-1 and the second detector 6-2 to deflect respectively.
3rd road image-forming assembly 7 comprises the 3rd catoptron 7-1, the 3rd secondary imaging mirror 7-2, the 3rd detector 7-3, the 6th inching gear 7-4, the 7th inching gear 7-5 and the 8th inching gear 7-6.6th inching gear 7-4, the 7th inching gear 7-5 and the 8th inching gear 7-6 drive the 3rd catoptron 7-1 respectively, and the 3rd secondary imaging mirror 7-2, the 3rd detector 7-3 deflects.
First detector 5-3, the second detector 6-2 and the 3rd detector 7-3 are linear array detector, and response wave band is 0.4 ~ 1.0um, and resolution is 1024 × 1.
The light coming from target by telephotolens group 1 post-concentration by entrance slit 2, become the light of a certain band of target, a certain band light is by after collimating mirror 3, become collimated light, collimated light arrives the plane of incidence of Amici prism 4, the prism 4 that is split is divided into the light of different wave length, outgoing is at the diverse location of Amici prism 4 exit facet respectively, be positioned at the first via image-forming assembly 5 of three diverse locations, second road image-forming assembly 6 and the 3rd road image-forming assembly 7 receive the light of the three beams different wave length of Amici prism 4 outgoing respectively, then the first detector 5-3 is focused at respectively, on the target surface of the second detector 6-2 and the 3rd detector 7-3, first detector 5-3, light signal is converted to electric signal and sends in computing machine control and image collection processing system 6 by the second detector 6-2 and the 3rd detector 7-3, finally obtain the spectrum fused images of three kinds of different wave lengths.First detector 5-3, the second detector 6-2 are connected with the image pick-up card input end of image collection processing system by data line with the VT of the 3rd detector 7-3, Amici prism 4, first inching gear, the second inching gear, the 3rd inching gear, the 4th inching gear, the 5th inching gear, the 6th inching gear, the 7th inching gear are connected with the serial ports of image collection processing system by data line with the control end of the 8th inching gear, are used for the control signal of receiving computer.
The minor rotation that the first inching gear 5-4 in first via image-forming assembly 5, the second inching gear 5-5 and the 3rd inching gear 5-6 drive the first catoptron 5-1, the first secondary imaging mirror 5-2 and the first detector 5-3 to carry out certain limit receives the first light beam gone out by Amici prism component, realizes the imaging of the spectrum of spectral range 0.4 ~ 0.6um.The minor rotation that the 4th inching gear 6-3 in second road image-forming assembly 6 and the 5th inching gear 6-4 drives the second secondary imaging mirror 6-1 and the second imaging detector 6-2 to carry out certain limit receives the second light beam gone out by Amici prism component, realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.6 ~ 0.76um.The minor rotation that the 6th inching gear 7-4 in 3rd road image-forming assembly 7, the 7th inching gear 7-5 and the 8th inching gear 7-6 drive the 3rd catoptron 7-1, the 3rd secondary imaging mirror 7-2 and the 3rd detector 7-3 to carry out certain limit receives the 3rd light beam separated by Amici prism, realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.76 ~ 1.0um.
Current observed object and background can be divided into three major types, and the first kind is for the spectral characteristic of green vegetation background and camouflaged target, and Equations of The Second Kind is for the spectral characteristic of desert background and camouflaged target, and the 3rd class is for the spectral characteristic of water body background with metal target under water.
For the spectral characteristic of green vegetation background and camouflaged target, first via image-forming assembly is selected to realize the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.5 ~ 0.56um, second road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.65 ~ 0.76um, and the 3rd road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.8 ~ 0.95um.
For the spectral characteristic of desert background and camouflaged target, first via image-forming assembly is selected to realize the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.56 ~ 0.6um, second road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.7 ~ 0.76um, and the 3rd road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.82 ~ 1.0um.
For the spectral characteristic of water body background with metal target under water, first via image-forming assembly is selected to realize the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.4 ~ 0.6um, second road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.6 ~ 0.65um, and the 3rd road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.76 ~ 0.78um.
Conversion while completing three kinds of different spectral wavelengths by the position subtle change of first via image-forming assembly 5, second road image-forming assembly 6 and the 3rd road image-forming assembly 7, finally realizes the detection and identify of different target and background.
According to Fig. 3, be Amici prism 4 structural representation, Amici prism selected materials is the dense flint glass of the bright glass factory in Chengdu, and model ZF88, the apex angle α of Amici prism is 37 °, two base angle θ
1equal with θ 2 and be 71.5 °.Under the material condition adopted at present, wave beam can separate by the Amici prism applying this angle requirement, is convenient to the light beam that three road image-forming assemblies gather corresponding wave band.
With reference to shown in Fig. 4, it is the light path schematic diagram of the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of prismatic decomposition of the present invention.The reflected light coming from object and background is incident by after telephotolens group 1 from unlimited distance, again by entrance slit 2, collimated light is become afterwards by collimating mirror 3, collimated light by after Amici prism 4 light splitting, obtains the light of the multiple different wave length of same object and background more simultaneously at the diverse location of the exit facet of Amici prism 4.Be positioned at the light that the first image-forming assembly 5, second image-forming assembly 6 of three diverse locations and the 3rd image-forming assembly 7 receive three beams different wave length respectively.Light beam is reflexed in the first secondary imaging mirror by the first catoptron 5-1 and is converged to picture in 5-2, then is received by the first detector 5-3, and the second bundle light is directly converged to picture by the second secondary imaging mirror 6-1, then is received by the second detector 6-2.Three-beam is reflexed in the 3rd secondary imaging mirror 7-2 by the 3rd catoptron 7-1 and is converged to picture, then is received by the 3rd detector 7-3.
Computing machine control and image collection processing system 6 have collection and the wireless transmission function of image, hardware comprises computing machine, display, image pick-up card, storer, software comprise computer controlled system and image acquisition and processing module, and its workflow as shown in Figure 5.
Computing machine controls to be divided into interface module, control module, acquisition module, image processing module with image acquisition and processing software package by function.The function of interface module is Presentation Function button groups and image display area over the display.Function button group comprises beginning video acquisition button, the first inching gear 5-4 turn knob, the second inching gear 5-5 turn knob, the 3rd inching gear 5-6 turn knob, the 4th inching gear 6-3 turn knob, the 5th inching gear 6-4 turn knob, the 6th inching gear 7-4 turn knob, the 7th inching gear 7-5 turn knob, the 8th inching gear 7-6 turn knob, image procossing button, preserves image button.Start video acquisition button and gather video image order for sending, when pressing this button, capture card starts video acquisition work.Video image viewing area is used for Dynamic Announce fusion video image.Preserve the video image that image button is used for storage of collected, when clicking this button, the Multi-spectral image fusion image of collection is stored in storer by computer system.
The function of acquisition module is the multispectral image simultaneously gathering the first detector 5-3, the second detector 6-2 and the 3rd detector 7-3 output, and is shown the Multi-spectral image fusion image feeding interface image viewing area after process by image processing module.Receive and start video acquisition button command, judge whether to carry out image acquisition, if it is start video image acquisition, then wait for if not.
The function of control module is the selection instruction according to spectral wavelength, angular adjustment instruction is sent as requested, to adapt to the change of different spectrum shooting angle to the first inching gear 5-4, the second inching gear 5-5, the 3rd inching gear 5-6, the 4th inching gear 6-3, the 5th inching gear 6-4, the 6th inching gear 7-4, the 7th inching gear 7-5 and the 8th inching gear 7-6.
The function of image processing module multispectral images different for three width of three imaging optical paths is carried out pseudo-colours fusion and exports.
Claims (7)
1. the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of prismatic decomposition, its feature exists: comprise telephotolens group, and entrance slit, collimating mirror, Amici prism, first via image-forming assembly, the second road image-forming assembly, the 3rd road image-forming assembly, control circuit and computing machine control and image collection processing system;
First via image-forming assembly comprises the first secondary imaging mirror, the first detector, the first inching gear and the second inching gear, and the first inching gear and the second inching gear drive the first secondary imaging mirror and the first detector deflection respectively; Second road image-forming assembly comprises the second secondary imaging mirror, the second detector, the 3rd inching gear and the 4th inching gear, and the 3rd inching gear and the 4th inching gear drive the second secondary imaging mirror and the second detector deflection respectively; 3rd road image-forming assembly comprises the 3rd secondary imaging mirror, the 3rd detector, the 5th inching gear and the 6th inching gear, and the 5th inching gear and the 6th inching gear drive the 3rd secondary imaging mirror and the 3rd detector deflection respectively;
The light coming from target passes through entrance slit by telephotolens group post-concentration, become the light of a certain band of target, a certain band light is by after collimating mirror, become collimated light, collimated light arrives the plane of incidence of Amici prism, the prism that is split is divided into the light of different wave length, be positioned at the first via image-forming assembly of three diverse locations, second road image-forming assembly and the 3rd road image-forming assembly receive the light of the three beams different wave length of Amici prism outgoing, and converge on respective detector target surface respectively, first detector, light signal is converted to electric signal and sends in computing machine control and image collection processing system by the second detector and the 3rd detector, obtain the spectrum fused images of three kinds of different wave lengths, the control end of Amici prism, the first inching gear, the second inching gear, the 3rd inching gear, the 4th inching gear, the 5th inching gear, the 6th inching gear controls to be connected with the serial ports of image collection processing system by data line and computing machine, the control signal of receiving computer.
2. the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of a kind of prismatic decomposition according to claim 1, its feature exists: the first detector, the second detector and the 3rd detector are linear array detector; First via image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.4 ~ 0.6um, and the second road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.6 ~ 0.76um, and the 3rd road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.76 ~ 1.0um.
3. the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of described a kind of prismatic decomposition according to claim 2, its feature exists: for the spectral characteristic of green vegetation background and camouflaged target, first via image-forming assembly is selected to realize the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.5 ~ 0.56um, second road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.65 ~ 0.76um, and the 3rd road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.8 ~ 0.95um.
4. the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of a kind of prismatic decomposition according to claim 2, its feature exists: for the spectral characteristic of desert background and camouflaged target, first via image-forming assembly is selected to realize the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.56 ~ 0.6um, second road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.7 ~ 0.76um, and the 3rd road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.82 ~ 1.0um.
5. the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of a kind of prismatic decomposition according to claim 2, its feature exists: for the spectral characteristic of water body background with metal target under water, first via image-forming assembly is selected to realize the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.4 ~ 0.6um, second road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.6 ~ 0.65um, and the 3rd road image-forming assembly realizes the light spectrum image-forming of spectral range 0.76 ~ 0.78um.
6., according to the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of the arbitrary described a kind of prismatic decomposition of claim 1 to 5, its feature exists: Amici prism apex angle α is 37 °, two base angle θ
1equal with θ 2 and be 71.5 °.
7. the multiplexed multispectral imaging device of a kind of prismatic decomposition according to claim 1, its feature exists: computing machine controls to comprise with image collection processing system hardware computing machine, display, image pick-up card, storer, software comprise computer controlled system and image acquisition and processing module, and computing machine controls and image acquisition and processing Module Division is interface module, control module, acquisition module, image processing module;
Interface module is Presentation Function button groups and image display area over the display, and function button group comprises beginning video acquisition button, the first inching gear turn knob, the second inching gear turn knob, the 3rd inching gear turn knob, the 4th inching gear turn knob, the 5th inching gear turn knob, the 6th inching gear turn knob, image procossing button, preserves image button; The fusion video image that image display area dynamic display image processing module exports;
Control module, according to the selection instruction of spectral wavelength, sends the angular adjustment instruction of inching gear to required image-forming assembly, to adapt to the change of different spectrum shooting angle;
Acquisition module gathers the multispectral image that the first detector, the second detector and the 3rd detector export simultaneously;
The different multispectral image of three width that acquisition module obtains by image processing module carries out pseudo-colours fusion and exports.
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