CN104454491A - Experimental method and experimental platform for adjustable high-lift water hydraulic ram pump - Google Patents
Experimental method and experimental platform for adjustable high-lift water hydraulic ram pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN104454491A CN104454491A CN201410588898.9A CN201410588898A CN104454491A CN 104454491 A CN104454491 A CN 104454491A CN 201410588898 A CN201410588898 A CN 201410588898A CN 104454491 A CN104454491 A CN 104454491A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental method and an experimental platform for an adjustable high-lift water hydraulic ram pump. The experimental platform comprises an upper pool which is connected through a water inlet pipe and a lower pool which is provided with a hydraulic ram pump body, an outlet of a water outlet pipe of the hydraulic ram pump is formed in the upper portion of the upper pool, a plurality of branch pipes which are connected in parallel are arranged on the water outlet pipe, all the branch pipes are provided with resistance adjusting elements capable of adjusting different lift ranges respectively, and a pressure sensor is arranged at the position where the water outlet pipe and the hydraulic ram pump are connected. According to the experimental method and the experimental platform, the pressure sensor is arranged at a water outlet of an air tank of the experimented hydraulic ram pump, the resistance adjusting elements are arranged on the water outlet pipe, the pressure of the water outlet pipe is adjusted by the resistance adjusting elements, the pressure parameters of the water outlet pipe are acquired through the pressure sensor, and the pressure parameters of the water outlet pipe are converted to be simulated lifts. Accordingly, the height of the water outlet pipe of the hydraulic ram pump is decreased, and the lifts of the hydraulic ram pump can be simulated. By means of the experimental method, the experimental height of the hydraulic ram pump can be greatly decreased, the experimental cost is saved, and the experimental parameters of the water ram pump under various lifts can be acquired with the lowest cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hydraulic ram experimental technique and experiment porch of adjustable height lift, is a kind of hydraulic test method and platform, is a kind of method and platform of being specifically designed to hydraulic ram experiment.
Background technique
Because the problem of the energy and pollution is day by day serious, hydraulic ram need not energy consumption as one, only utilizes the potential energy in current just can produce the mechanical device of pump water effect, day by day comes into one's own.In the process of development of new hydraulic ram, the properties of hydraulic ram need be detected by model test.Only have by model test, the various performances of hydraulic ram could be grasped, be conducive to applying better.The more important thing is to only have by model test, could find better to design Problems existing, search out rational methods and measures for improvement.Therefore, the experiment of hydraulic ram is environment indispensable in development process.But traditional hydraulic ram experiment needs a large amount of fluid circulations, and meets the facility of lift, and large-scale hydraulic ram, required flow and highly larger, its experimental cost is higher.For the production firm of most hydraulic ram, the experimental cost of hydraulic ram is too high, which limits hydraulic ram, particularly the development of large-scale hydraulic ram and development.Obviously, developing a kind of adjustable high-lift hydraulic ram modeling techniques is the key technical problem that first development of novel hydraulic ram must solve.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problem of prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of hydraulic ram experimental technique and experiment porch of adjustable height lift.Described method and platform by switching pipeline and regulating reduction valve to simulate required lift, and use simple formulae discovery to go out suitable lift to carry out various hydraulic ram experiment.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of hydraulic ram experimental technique of adjustable height lift, and described method comprises:
The parallel transistor of multiple arm is provided with at the outlet pipe of hydraulic ram;
Each branched pipe is arranged the adjustable resistance element for adjusting different pressures;
The adjustable resistance element on a branched pipe is only opened when carrying out hydraulic ram experiment;
The water outlet of hydraulic ram arranges pressure transducer, when working for hydraulic ram, measures hydraulic ram air tank outlet hydraulic pressure;
Hydraulic ram air tank outlet hydraulic pressure is converted to hydraulic ram air tank water outlet piezometric head
h a1 ;
Hydraulic ram air tank water outlet piezometric head is deducted water hammer pump inlet head
h u ;
Obtain the simulation lift of hydraulic ram
h 1 , that is:
h 1 ≈
h a1 -
h u .
A kind of hydraulic ram experiment porch of adjustable height lift, comprise: the upper storage reservoir be connected with hydraulic ram intake pipe and the lower pond of installing the hydraulic ram pump housing, the outlet of the outlet pipe of described hydraulic ram is arranged on the top of described upper storage reservoir, described outlet pipe is provided with many arms in parallel, arm described in each is arranged respectively the adjustable resistance element regulating different range of lift, the position that described outlet pipe is connected with hydraulic ram arranges pressure transducer.
Further, described adjustable resistance element is butterfly valve, ball valve; Or the combination of butterfly valve, ball valve and reduction valve.
Further, there is an arm that butterfly valve is installed in described arm, other arms are installed butterfly valve and reduction valve.
Further, described reduction valve is Self-operated pressure reducing valve.
Further, described arm quantity is three, and one of them arm arranges a butterfly valve, and two other arm installs a butterfly valve and a reduction valve respectively.
The beneficial effect that the present invention produces is: the present invention is arranged pressure transducer by the water outlet of the air tank at experiment hydraulic ram and arranged adjustable resistance element at outlet pipe.Utilize the pressure of adjustable resistance element to outlet pipe to adjust, and obtain the pressure parameter of outlet pipe by pressure transducer, utilize the pressure parameter of outlet pipe to be scaled simulation lift.The outlet pipe height of hydraulic ram is reduced, simulation water hammer lift of pump with this.Profit can reduce the high experimental of hydraulic ram in this way greatly, saves experimental expenses, obtains the hydraulic ram experiment parameter under various lift with minimum cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is method key element described in embodiments of the invention one and forms schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of platform described in embodiments of the invention two;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of platform described in embodiments of the invention six.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
The present embodiment is a kind of hydraulic ram experimental technique of adjustable height lift, as shown in Figure 1.Described in the present embodiment, method comprises:
The parallel transistor of multiple arm 4 is provided with at the outlet pipe of hydraulic ram.Outlet pipe by hydraulic ram is made with multiple parallel branch pipeline, to install different adjustable resistance elements on each arm.
Each branched pipe is arranged the adjustable resistance element 5 producing different pressures.Adjustable resistance element can be a valve, or the combination of several valve.
The adjustable resistance element on a branched pipe is only opened when carrying out hydraulic ram experiment.This is equivalent to by arm flowing current, to produce the effect of simulation lift.The simulation of some lifts all can be able to realize by the adjustment of two arms, but during actual use, is only applicable to an arm.
The water outlet of hydraulic ram arranges pressure transducer 6, when working for hydraulic ram, measures hydraulic ram air tank outlet hydraulic pressure.Pressure transducer also can be arranged on other positions of air tank, as long as can measure suitable outlet pressure accurately.
Hydraulic ram air tank outlet hydraulic pressure is converted to hydraulic ram air tank water outlet piezometric head
h a1 .
In formula:
pfor force pressure Sensor monitoring data;
ρfor the density of water;
gfor gravity accleration;
Δ Hfor sensor is relative to the discrepancy in elevation of reference level.Wherein, reference level is the lower pond water surface under drain valve floods situation.
Hydraulic ram air tank water outlet piezometric head is deducted water hammer pump inlet head
h u .Obtain the simulation lift of hydraulic ram
h 1 , that is:
h 1 ≈
h a1 -
h u .In formula:
h u for the upper pool water level relative to reference level.
Hydraulic ram described in the present embodiment, by the utensil of testing, can be various forms of hydraulic ram, has some essential characteristics of hydraulic ram, namely has a series of corresponding facilities such as the hydraulic ram pump housing 11, delivery valve 8, drain valve 9, air tank 7.Normally work for making hydraulic ram and two ponds generally will be set: upper storage reservoir 1 and lower pond 10.Upper storage reservoir provides certain head, and the pump housing of hydraulic ram is installed in lower pond.And the head-tank 2 that in Fig. 1, the outlet pipe 3 of hydraulic ram connects can not be arranged in actual use, but mark for the ease of representing hydraulic ram lift.
The present embodiment utilizes a simple formula
h 1 ≈
h a1 -
h u calculate the outlet pipe using Valve controlling easily, and produce the effect of simulation lift.The basic principle producing this method and formula is:
As shown in Figure 1, hydraulic ram lift
hbe defined as head-tank water level
h h with upper pool water level
h u difference, that is:
h=
H h -
H u （1）
According to principle of conservation of energy, head-tank water level
h h with air tank water outlet piezometric head
h a (not installing head during resistance element) has following relation:
（2）
In formula:
qfor hydraulic ram pumps up water flow,
λfor outlet pipe pipeline section darcy frictional resistant coefficient,
lfor length of pipe section,
dfor pipeline section diameter,
afor pipeline section sectional area,
gfor gravity accleration,
ξfor pipeline section coefficient of partial resistance.
Wushu (2) substitutes into formula (1) and obtains
（3）
As seen from formula (1), at upper pool water level
h u one timing, hydraulic ram lift
hdepend on head-tank water level
h h ,
h h larger, hydraulic ram lift
hlarger.On the other hand, from formula (3) also, by increasing the piezometric head of air tank water outlet
h a , also can increase water hammer lift of pump
h.Obviously, under the restrictive condition of hydraulic ram laboratory factory building height, by increasing head-tank water level
h h improve hydraulic ram lift
hunpractical, can only at the piezometric head increasing air tank water outlet
h a take measures in aspect.
Formula (2) can be rewritten as
（4）
Observation above formula is known, at head-tank water level
h h and flow
qunder certain condition, can adopt and increase outlet pipe length
l, reduce diameter of outflow tube
dmethod improve piezometric head
h a , also by setting up local resistance element (such as valve), piezometric head can be improved by changing its resistance coefficient
h a .
Although it is pointed out that to adopt increases
l, reduce
dmethod feasible, but when needs simulation higher hydraulic ram lift performance, the minor diameter outlet pipe grown very much may be needed, not only lay difficulty, Er Qie
qthe adjustment difficulty of one timing hydraulic ram lift.Given this, the present embodiment have employed the model test that the technology of setting up adjustable resistance element is implemented the high-lift operating mode of hydraulic ram.
After setting up adjustable resistance element, air tank water outlet piezometric head can be described as:
（5）
In formula:
h a1 for setting up the air tank water outlet piezometric head after resistance element,
ζwith
a d be respectively the coefficient of partial resistance and diameter of setting up resistance element.
Local head loss is added to formula (3) both members simultaneously
can obtain
（6）
In formula:
h 1 for setting up the hydraulic ram lift after adjustable resistance element.For given outlet pipe tubing, length
l, diameter
das long as record air tank water outlet piezometric head
h a1 and flow
q, then hydraulic ram lift can be calculated
h 1 .For high-lift hydraulic ram, flow
qless, outlet pipe loss of head
negligible, that is:
（7）
Can see from formula (7), calculate the water level of water hammer lift of pump and head-tank
h h irrelevant, only relevant with air tank water outlet piezometric head with the water level in lower pond, and these two data can very easyly obtain, therefore, no matter the outlet of outlet pipe is placed on which kind of position (as long as higher than lower pool water level), can realize the hydraulic ram experiment of various head.In reality according to method establishment hydraulic ram experiment porch described in the present embodiment, outlet pipe can be placed directly in the top of upper storage reservoir, the current allowing outlet pipe flow out directly enter upper storage reservoir, as shown in Figure 2.Like this, under the condition of laboratory limited height, need not head-tank be set, in the situation of the length and height that do not increase outlet pipe, on an experiment porch, carry out the experiment of various height lift very easily, the cost of experimental facilities can be reduced greatly.
The adjustable resistance element set up can be custom-designed regulating valve, or other types can produce the element (convenient for being figure, the symbol of the adjustable resistance element valve drawn in Fig. 1 replaces) of drag effect.Consider special designs and manufacture high by very of adjustable resistance element or regulating valve cost, therefore, use the valve of existing finished product to test.But do not have a kind of valve can simulate the lift of various height easily in ready-made valve.Therefore, the present embodiment takes multiple arm in parallel on the water outlet of air tank, and each arm arranges different valves, and each valve simulates the lift of different height.Valve types on each arm can be identical, also can not be identical, such as: can arrange butterfly valve on an arm, and arrange reduction valve on other arms.Or plural valve can be set on an arm as required, as: a butterfly valve and a reduction valve etc. are set.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment is a kind of hydraulic ram experiment porch of adjustable height lift, as shown in Figure 2.The present embodiment comprises: the upper storage reservoir be connected with hydraulic ram intake pipe and the lower pond of installing the hydraulic ram pump housing, the outlet of the outlet pipe of described hydraulic ram is arranged on the top of described upper storage reservoir, described outlet pipe is provided with many arms in parallel, arm described in each is arranged respectively the adjustable resistance element regulating different range of lift, the position that described outlet pipe is connected with hydraulic ram arranges pressure transducer.
The present embodiment is provided with the necessary upper storage reservoir of hydraulic ram and Xia Chi, and hydraulic ram is arranged on Xia Chizhong, but does not need to arrange head-tank, and the current directly pumped by hydraulic ram are sent in upper storage reservoir, give no thought to the impact of head-tank.The present embodiment uses one group of adjustable resistance element, the outlet pressure of adjustment hydraulic ram air tank, the various lifts of simulation hydraulic ram.
The hydraulic ram of experiment can be various hydraulic ram, there is the general characteristic of hydraulic ram, as: there are intake pipe, the hydraulic ram pump housing, delivery valve, drain valve, air tank, outlet pipe etc., namely be a kind of without the need to secondary energy such as electric energy as power, and utilize the mechanical facility of the natural energy pump water of water-head.
The present embodiment adopts multiple arm, and on arm, arrange the adjustable resistance element that can produce different pressures change.Conventional adjustable resistance element is valve, comprises butterfly valve, ball valve, stop valve etc.Valve, particularly manually-operated gate structure are simple, low price.The waterpower feature of valve is that during large aperture, resistance coefficient is less with the change of aperture, but at small guide vane, particularly during aperture <10%, along with the reduction of aperture, resistance coefficient sharply increases, and Non-follow control is more difficult.Practical experience shows, as water hammer lift of pump <25m, adopts valve to be good selection.
The adjustable resistance element that another can adopt is the stable-pressure device based on earth pressure release principle.This stable-pressure device is a kind of Self-operated pressure reducing valve, this valve relies on the pressure of intake pipe make spring-compressed or uphold in order to regulate hydraulic pressure, only when its inlet pressure exceedes preset critical, valve is just opened and is allowed that current pass through, when valve inlet pressure is less than preset critical, valve keeps closing completely.The size of valve hydraulic pressure preset critical, can be controlled by Regulation spring.
Can the different adjustable resistance element of choice for use on each arm, as used butterfly valve on an arm, in order to carry out the experiment of less than 20 meters lifts, another arm arranges lift valve, in order to carry out the lift experiment of 10-70 rice, lift valve is set at Article 3 arm, in order to carry out the lift experiment of 60-120 rice.Can be tested in the range of lift of 5-120 rice by three arms.
Pressure transducer should be connected with data acquisition unit, is shown by the signal of hydraulic pressure by software, as: adopt matlab visual air tank water outlet piezometric head, easy-to-read.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment two, is the refinement of embodiment two about adjustable resistance element.Described adjustable resistance element is butterfly valve, ball valve; Or the combination of butterfly valve, ball valve and reduction valve.
Each arm can be installed a valve, also several valve can be installed, form valve sets, jointly regulate.
Embodiment four:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment three, is the refinement of embodiment three about adjustable resistance element.There is an arm that butterfly valve is installed in arm described in the present embodiment, other arms are installed butterfly valve and reduction valve.
Reduction valve can use Self-operated pressure reducing valve.
Embodiment five:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment four, is the refinement of embodiment four about reduction valve.Reduction valve described in the present embodiment is Self-operated pressure reducing valve.
Described Self-operated pressure reducing valve a kind ofly promotes spring and a kind of valve of opening by the pressure of itself in pipeline, can the cracking pressure of effective control valve by the decrement of Regulation spring, and produce pressure regulating effect.
Embodiment six:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is the refinement of above-described embodiment about arm.Arm quantity described in the present embodiment is three, and one of them arm arranges a butterfly valve, and two other arm installs a butterfly valve 501 and a reduction valve 502 respectively, as shown in Figure 3.
Have three arms in the present embodiment, one of them arm installs butterfly valve, the hydraulic ram experiment of main analog less than 20 meters lifts.Two other arm is installed respectively a butterfly valve and a reduction valve.Actual adjustment process all realizes with reduction valve substantially.Butterfly valve is mainly used in controlling pumping up water the keying of pipeline, and reduction valve is for regulating simulated lift.Such as, when simulating high-lift, low lift pipeline should be in closed circuit state, otherwise water can flow away from low pressure line.
For required a certain lift, all by regulating reduction valve to realize.For the present embodiment, have three pipelines, a middle branch road only installs butterfly valve, and both sides branch road is except installation butterfly valve in addition, installs the reduction valve of 10-70m and 60-120m respectively.During simulation 80m lift, close the butterfly valve in simulation 10-70m side branch road and middle branch, make these two branch roads be in closed circuit state, opening the butterfly valve on the branch road of simulation 60-120m side, 80m lift can be simulated by regulating reduction valve.
Finally it should be noted that, below only in order to technological scheme of the present invention to be described and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred arrangement scheme to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify or equivalent replacement to technological scheme of the present invention (number of sensors etc. that the sequencing of such as method, the form in platform pond, platform are arranged), and not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a hydraulic ram experimental technique for adjustable height lift, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
The parallel transistor of multiple arm is provided with at the outlet pipe of hydraulic ram;
Each branched pipe is arranged the adjustable resistance element for adjusting different pressures;
The adjustable resistance element on a branched pipe is only opened when carrying out hydraulic ram experiment;
The water outlet of hydraulic ram arranges pressure transducer, when working for hydraulic ram, measures hydraulic ram air tank outlet hydraulic pressure;
Hydraulic ram air tank outlet hydraulic pressure is converted to hydraulic ram air tank water outlet piezometric head
h a1 ;
Hydraulic ram air tank water outlet piezometric head is deducted water hammer pump inlet head
h u ;
Obtain the simulation lift of hydraulic ram
h 1 , that is:
h 1 ≈
h a1 -
h u .
2. the hydraulic ram experiment porch of an adjustable height lift, comprise: the upper storage reservoir be connected with hydraulic ram intake pipe and the lower pond of installing the hydraulic ram pump housing, it is characterized in that, the outlet of the outlet pipe of described hydraulic ram is arranged on the top of described upper storage reservoir, described outlet pipe is provided with many arms in parallel, arm described in each is arranged respectively the adjustable resistance element regulating different range of lift, the position that described outlet pipe is connected with hydraulic ram arranges pressure transducer.
3. experiment porch according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described adjustable resistance element is butterfly valve, ball valve; Or the combination of butterfly valve, ball valve and reduction valve.
4. experiment porch according to claim 3, is characterized in that, has an arm to install butterfly valve, other arms are installed butterfly valve and reduction valve in described arm.
5. experiment porch according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described reduction valve is Self-operated pressure reducing valve.
6. according to the experiment porch one of claim 2-5 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, described arm quantity is three, and one of them arm arranges a butterfly valve, and two other arm installs a butterfly valve and a reduction valve respectively.
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| CN201410588898.9A CN104454491B (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2014-10-29 | Experimental method and experimental platform for adjustable high-lift water hydraulic ram pump |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410588898.9A CN104454491B (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2014-10-29 | Experimental method and experimental platform for adjustable high-lift water hydraulic ram pump |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105021315A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-04 | 安徽汉威电子有限公司 | Connection mode of hydraulic pressure clamp meter |
| CN106066940A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-02 | 河海大学 | A kind of calculate water system prime minister fly escape water hammer pressure method |
| CN107103166A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-29 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | The differential pressure air tank and design method of a kind of water hammer-resistant |
| CN109522641A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-26 | 南京腾图节能科技有限公司 | The calculation method of the minimum lift of water pump when a kind of exit of pump valve standard-sized sheet |
| CN110207018A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-09-06 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | The mounting structure of water supply line test section |
| CN113175437A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-27 | 格力大松（宿迁）生活电器有限公司 | Water pump lift testing device and water pump lift testing method |
| CN114112454A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-03-01 | 中国人民解放军海军潜艇学院 | Water hammer comprehensive protection method for ship water transfer system |
Families Citing this family (1)
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| WO2018156974A1 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-08-30 | GreenStract, LLC | Gravimetric apparatus for transferring fluids |
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| CN2166269Y (en) * | 1993-08-14 | 1994-05-25 | 邹镇 | Hydraulic ram with shell structure |
| CN203743092U (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-30 | 北京宇豪胜水利科技咨询有限公司 | Water hammer pump |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN2166269Y (en) * | 1993-08-14 | 1994-05-25 | 邹镇 | Hydraulic ram with shell structure |
| RU2529277C1 (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-09-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Челябинская государственная агроинженерная академия" | Hydraulic ram |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105021315A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-04 | 安徽汉威电子有限公司 | Connection mode of hydraulic pressure clamp meter |
| CN106066940A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-02 | 河海大学 | A kind of calculate water system prime minister fly escape water hammer pressure method |
| CN106066940B (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2017-09-19 | 河海大学 | It is a kind of to calculate the method that water system prime minister flies ease water hammer pressure |
| CN107103166A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-29 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | The differential pressure air tank and design method of a kind of water hammer-resistant |
| CN107103166B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-04-24 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | The differential pressure air tank and design method of a kind of water hammer-resistant |
| CN109522641A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-26 | 南京腾图节能科技有限公司 | The calculation method of the minimum lift of water pump when a kind of exit of pump valve standard-sized sheet |
| CN110207018A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-09-06 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | The mounting structure of water supply line test section |
| CN113175437A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-27 | 格力大松（宿迁）生活电器有限公司 | Water pump lift testing device and water pump lift testing method |
| CN114112454A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-03-01 | 中国人民解放军海军潜艇学院 | Water hammer comprehensive protection method for ship water transfer system |
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