CN104454491B - Experimental method and experimental platform for adjustable high-lift water hydraulic ram pump - Google Patents
Experimental method and experimental platform for adjustable high-lift water hydraulic ram pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN104454491B CN104454491B CN201410588898.9A CN201410588898A CN104454491B CN 104454491 B CN104454491 B CN 104454491B CN 201410588898 A CN201410588898 A CN 201410588898A CN 104454491 B CN104454491 B CN 104454491B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental method and an experimental platform for an adjustable high-lift water hydraulic ram pump. The experimental platform comprises an upper pool which is connected through a water inlet pipe and a lower pool which is provided with a hydraulic ram pump body, an outlet of a water outlet pipe of the hydraulic ram pump is formed in the upper portion of the upper pool, a plurality of branch pipes which are connected in parallel are arranged on the water outlet pipe, all the branch pipes are provided with resistance adjusting elements capable of adjusting different lift ranges respectively, and a pressure sensor is arranged at the position where the water outlet pipe and the hydraulic ram pump are connected. According to the experimental method and the experimental platform, the pressure sensor is arranged at a water outlet of an air tank of the experimented hydraulic ram pump, the resistance adjusting elements are arranged on the water outlet pipe, the pressure of the water outlet pipe is adjusted by the resistance adjusting elements, the pressure parameters of the water outlet pipe are acquired through the pressure sensor, and the pressure parameters of the water outlet pipe are converted to be simulated lifts. Accordingly, the height of the water outlet pipe of the hydraulic ram pump is decreased, and the lifts of the hydraulic ram pump can be simulated. By means of the experimental method, the experimental height of the hydraulic ram pump can be greatly decreased, the experimental cost is saved, and the experimental parameters of the water ram pump under various lifts can be acquired with the lowest cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of adjustable high-lift hydraulic ram experimental technique and experiment porch, it is a kind of hydraulic test method
And platform, it is a kind of method dedicated for hydraulic ram experiment and platform.
Background technology
Due to the energy and pollution problem increasingly serious, hydraulic ram as one kind without energy resource consumption, merely with current
Potential energy just can produce the mechanical device of pump water effect, be increasingly subject to pay attention to.During development of new hydraulic ram, need to lead to
Cross the properties that model test detects hydraulic ram.Only pass through model test, the various performances of hydraulic ram could be grasped, favorably
In preferably popularization and application.Importantly, only passing through model test, could preferably find to design the problem existing, seeking
Find rational methods and measures for improvement.Therefore, the experiment of hydraulic ram is indispensable environment in development process.However, passing
The hydraulic ram experiment substantial amounts of fluid circulation of needs of system, and meet the facility of lift, and large-scale hydraulic ram,
Required flow and height are bigger, and its experimental cost is higher.For the production firm of most hydraulic rams, hydraulic ram
Experimental cost too high, which limits hydraulic ram, the development of particularly large-scale hydraulic ram and development.Obviously, exploitation one kind can
Adjust high-lift hydraulic ram modeling techniques be new hydraulic ram development must solution first key technical problem.
Content of the invention
In order to overcome problem of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of adjustable high-lift hydraulic ram experimental technique and reality
Test platform.Described method and platform simulate required lift by switching pipeline and regulation pressure-reducing valve, and using simple
Formula calculate suitable lift and carry out various hydraulic ram experiments.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of adjustable high-lift hydraulic ram experimental technique, described method bag
Include:
It is provided with the parallel transistor of multiple arms in the outlet pipe of hydraulic ram；
It is provided on each branched pipe adjusting the adjustable resistance element of different pressures；
Only open the adjustable resistance element on a branched pipe when carrying out hydraulic ram experiment；
Pressure sensor is arranged on the delivery port of hydraulic ram, for measurement hydraulic ram air tank outlet during water hammer pump work
Hydraulic pressure；
Hydraulic ram air tank outlet hydraulic pressure is converted to hydraulic ram air tank delivery port piezometric headh a1 ；
Hydraulic ram air tank delivery port piezometric head is deducted the entrance head of hydraulic ramh u ；
Obtain the simulation lift of hydraulic ramh 1 It may be assumed thath 1 ≈h a1 -h u .
A kind of adjustable high-lift hydraulic ram experiment porch, comprising: the upper storage reservoir being connected with hydraulic ram water inlet pipe and installation water
The lower pond of the hammer pump pump housing, the outlet of the outlet pipe of described hydraulic ram is arranged on the top of described upper storage reservoir, described outlet pipe sets
Have and the adjustable resistance element adjusting different range of lifts is respectively provided with many arms in parallel, each described arm, described
Outlet pipe be connected with hydraulic ram position setting pressure sensor.
Further, described adjustable resistance element is butterfly valve, ball valve；Or the combination of butterfly valve, ball valve and pressure-reducing valve.
Further, there is an arm that butterfly valve is installed in described arm, other arms are installed butterfly valve and pressure-reducing valve.
Further, described pressure-reducing valve is Self-operated pressure reducing valve.
Further, described arm quantity is three, and one of arm arranges a butterfly valve, and two other arm divides
An Zhuan not a butterfly valve and a pressure-reducing valve.
The beneficial effect comprise that: the present invention passes through to arrange pressure in the delivery port of the air tank of experiment hydraulic ram
Sensor simultaneously arranges adjustable resistance element in outlet pipe.Using adjustable resistance element, the pressure of outlet pipe is adjusted, and leads to
Over-pressed force snesor obtains the pressure parameter of outlet pipe, is scaled simulation lift using the pressure parameter of outlet pipe.Reduced with this
The outlet pipe height of hydraulic ram, the lift of simulation hydraulic ram.Profit can substantially reduce the high experimental of hydraulic ram in this way,
Save experimental expenses, the hydraulic ram experiment parameter under various lifts is obtained with minimum cost.
Brief description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is embodiments of the invention one methods described key element and constitutes schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of platform described in embodiments of the invention two；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of platform described in embodiments of the invention six.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
The present embodiment is a kind of adjustable high-lift hydraulic ram experimental technique, as shown in Figure 1.The present embodiment methods described bag
Include:
It is provided with the parallel transistor of multiple arms 4 in the outlet pipe of hydraulic ram.The outlet pipe of hydraulic ram will make and carry
Multiple parallel branch pipelines, to install different adjustable resistance elements on each arm.
On each branched pipe, setting produces the adjustable resistance element 5 of different pressures.Adjustable resistance element can be a valve
Door, or the combination of several valve.
Only open the adjustable resistance element on a branched pipe when carrying out hydraulic ram experiment.This is equivalent to by one
Pipe flowing current, to produce the effect of simulation lift.The regulation that the simulation of some lift may pass through two arms all can be real
Existing, but when actually used, it is only applicable to an arm.
Pressure sensor 6 is arranged on the delivery port of hydraulic ram, goes out for measurement hydraulic ram air tank during water hammer pump work
Saliva pressure.Pressure sensor can also be arranged on the other positions of air tank, as long as suitable outlet pressure can accurately be measured
Power.
Hydraulic ram air tank outlet hydraulic pressure is converted to hydraulic ram air tank delivery port piezometric headh a1 .
In formula:pFor force pressure Sensor monitoring data；ρDensity for water；gFor acceleration of gravity；δ hFor passing
Sensor is with respect to the discrepancy in elevation of datum level.Wherein, the lower water face in the case of datum level floods for drain valve.
Hydraulic ram air tank delivery port piezometric head is deducted the entrance head of hydraulic ramh u .Obtain the simulation of hydraulic ram
Lifth 1 It may be assumed thath 1 ≈h a1 -h u .In formula:h u It is the upper pool water level with respect to datum level.
Hydraulic ram described in the present embodiment is the utensil tested, and can be various forms of hydraulic rams, have hydraulic ram
Some essential characteristics, that is, there is a series of corresponding facility such as the hydraulic ram pump housing 11, delivery valve 8, drain valve 9, air tank 7.
For making hydraulic ram normal work generally will arrange two ponds: upper storage reservoir 1 and lower pond 10.Upper storage reservoir provides certain head,
The pump housing of hydraulic ram is installed in lower pond.And the head-tank 2 that in Fig. 1, the outlet pipe 3 of hydraulic ram connects in actual use may not be used
Setting, but mark for the ease of expression water hammer pump lift.
The present embodiment utilizes a simple formulah 1 ≈h a1 -h u Easily calculate the water outlet using Valve controlling
Pipe, and produce the effect of simulation lift.Produce this method and the general principle of formula be:
As shown in figure 1, water hammer pump lifthIt is defined as head-tank water levelh h With upper pool water levelh u Difference it may be assumed that
h=h h -h u (1)
According to conservation of energy principle, head-tank water levelh h With air tank delivery port piezometric headh a (it is fitted without hindering
Head during power element) there are following relations:
(2)
In formula:qPump up water flow for hydraulic ram,λFor outlet pipe pipeline section darcy frictional resistant coefficient,lFor length of pipe section,dFor pipeline section diameter,aFor pipeline section sectional area,gFor acceleration of gravity,ξFor pipeline section coefficient of partial resistance.
Wushu (2) substitutes into formula (1) and obtains
(3)
As seen from formula (1), in upper pool water levelh u One timing, water hammer pump lifthDepending on head-tank water levelh h ,h h More
Greatly, water hammer pump lifthBigger.On the other hand, will also realize that from formula (3), by increasing the piezometric head of air tank delivery porth a It is also possible to increase the lift of hydraulic ramh.Obviously, under the restrictive condition of hydraulic ram laboratory factory building height, by increasing
Head-tank water levelh h Improve water hammer pump lifthIt is unpractical, can only be in the piezometric head increasing air tank delivery porth a Aspect takes measures.
Formula (2) can be rewritten as
(4)
Observe above formula to understand, in head-tank water levelh h And flowqUnder conditions of certain, can be using increase outlet pipe
Lengthl, reduce diameter of outflow tubedMethod improve piezometric headh a It is also possible to by setting up local resistance element (such as
Valve), improve piezometric head by changing its resistance coefficienth a .
Although it is pointed out that using increasel, reducedMethod feasible, but need simulate higher hydraulic ram raise
It may be necessary to very long minor diameter outlet pipe in the case of Cheng Xingneng, not only lay difficult, Er QieqOne timing hydraulic ram is raised
The regulation of journey is difficult.In consideration of it, the present embodiment employ set up adjustable resistance element technology high-lift to hydraulic ram to implement
The model experiment of operating mode.
After setting up adjustable resistance element, air tank delivery port piezometric head can be described as:
(5)
In formula:h a1 For setting up the air tank delivery port piezometric head after resistance element,ζWitha d Respectively set up resistance
The coefficient of partial resistance of element and diameter.
Local head loss is added simultaneously to formula (3) both membersCan obtain
(6)
In formula:h 1 For setting up the water hammer pump lift after adjustable resistance element.For given outlet pipe tubing, lengthl、
DiameterdAs long as recording air tank delivery port piezometric headh a1 And flowq, then water hammer pump lift can be calculatedh 1 .For
High-lift hydraulic ram, flowqLess, the outlet pipe loss of flood peakBe negligible it may be assumed that
(7)
Can see from formula (7), calculate the lift of hydraulic ram and the water level of head-tankh h Unrelated, only with lower pond
Water level is relevant with air tank delivery port piezometric head, and this two data can extremely be readily attained, therefore, no matter water outlet
The outlet of pipe is placed on which kind of position (as long as being higher than lower pool water level), can realize the hydraulic ram experiment of various heads.?
Reality sets up hydraulic ram experiment porch according to the present embodiment methods described, outlet pipe can be placed directly in the top of upper storage reservoir, concede
The current that water pipe flows out are directly entered upper storage reservoir, as shown in Figure 2.So, under conditions of the limited height of laboratory, high without setting
Position pond, is not increasing the length of outlet pipe and the situation of height, is very easily carrying out various height on an experiment porch
The experiment of degree lift is so that the cost of experimental facilities can substantially reduce.
The adjustable resistance element set up can be custom-designed control valve, or other types can produce drag effect
Element (convenient for doing figure, the adjustable resistance element drawing in Fig. 1 is replaced with the symbol of valve).Consider that special designs and manufacture can
Tune resistance element or control valve cost will be very high, and therefore, the valve using existing finished product is tested.But it is ready-made
A kind of valve is not had can easily to simulate the lift of various height in valve.Therefore, the present embodiment takes in air tank
Delivery port on multiple arms in parallel, each arm arranges different valves, the lift of the different height of each valve simulation.
Valve types on each arm can identical it is also possible to differ, for example: butterfly valve can be set on an arm, and
Pressure-reducing valve is arranged on other arms.Or plural valve can be set on an arm as needed, such as: setting one
Individual butterfly valve and a pressure-reducing valve etc..
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment is a kind of adjustable high-lift hydraulic ram experiment porch, as shown in Figure 2.The present embodiment includes: with water
The hammer pump water inlet pipe upper storage reservoir connecting and the lower pond installing the hydraulic ram pump housing, the outlet of the outlet pipe of described hydraulic ram is arranged on described
The top of upper storage reservoir, described outlet pipe is provided with many arms in parallel, each described arm and is respectively provided with regulation difference
The adjustable resistance element of range of lift, the position setting pressure sensor that described outlet pipe is connected with hydraulic ram.
The present embodiment is provided with upper storage reservoir necessary to hydraulic ram and Xia Chi, and hydraulic ram is arranged on Xia Chizhong, but does not need to arrange
Head-tank, directly sends into the current that hydraulic ram pumps out in upper storage reservoir, gives no thought to the impact of head-tank.The present embodiment makes
With one group of adjustable resistance element, adjust the outlet pressure of hydraulic ram air tank, the various lifts of simulation hydraulic ram.
The hydraulic ram of experiment can be various hydraulic rams, has the general characteristic of hydraulic ram, such as: have water inlet pipe, water
The hammer pump pump housing, delivery valve, drain valve, air tank, outlet pipe etc., be a kind of without secondary energy sources such as electric energy as power, and
Mechanical facility using the natural energy pump water of water-head.
The present embodiment adopts multiple arms, and setting can produce the adjustable resistance unit of different pressures change on arm
Part.Conventional adjustable resistance element is valve, including butterfly valve, ball valve, stop valve etc..The letter of valve, particularly manually-operated gate structure
Single, low price.The waterpower feature of valve is that during big aperture, resistance coefficient is less with the change of aperture, but, in small guide vane,
Particularly < when 10%, with the reduction of aperture, resistance coefficient is increased dramatically aperture, and Non-follow control is relatively difficult.Practical experience table
Bright, when the lift of hydraulic ram < during 25m, is good selection using valve.
The adjustable resistance element that another can adopt is the stable-pressure device based on pressure release principle.This stable-pressure device
It is a kind of Self-operated pressure reducing valve, this valve relies on the pressure of water inlet pipe to make spring-compressed or uphold in order to adjust hydraulic pressure, only
Have when its inlet pressure exceedes preset critical, valve is just opened and allowed that current pass through, when valve inlet pressure is less than in advance
If during critical value, valve keeps completely closing.The size of valve hydraulic pressure preset critical, can be controlled by adjusting spring
System.
Can select using different adjustable resistance elements on each arm, using butterfly valve such as on an arm, in order to
Carry out the experiment of less than 20 meters lifts, lift valve is arranged on another arm, the lift in order to carry out 10-70 rice is real
Test, lift valve is set in Article 3 arm, the lift in order to carry out 60-120 rice is tested.Can be in 5- by three arms
Tested in 120 meters of range of lift.
Pressure sensor should be connected with data acquisition unit, the signal of hydraulic pressure is shown by software, such as: adopts
Matlab visualizes air tank delivery port piezometric head, easy-to-read.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment two, is the refinement with regard to adjustable resistance element for the embodiment two.Described is adjustable
Resistance element is butterfly valve, ball valve；Or the combination of butterfly valve, ball valve and pressure-reducing valve.
One valve can be installed on each arm it is also possible to install several valves, form valve group, jointly adjusted
Section.
Example IV:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment three, is the refinement with regard to adjustable resistance element for the embodiment three.The present embodiment institute
There is an arm that butterfly valve is installed in the arm stated, other arms are installed butterfly valve and pressure-reducing valve.
Pressure-reducing valve can use Self-operated pressure reducing valve.
Embodiment five:
The present embodiment is the improvement of example IV, is the refinement with regard to pressure-reducing valve for the example IV.Subtracting described in the present embodiment
Pressure valve is Self-operated pressure reducing valve.
Described Self-operated pressure reducing valve is a kind of a kind of valve opened by the pressure push the spring of itself in pipeline,
By adjust spring decrement can effective control valve Opening pressure, and produce pressure regulating effect.
Embodiment six:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is the refinement with regard to arm for the above-described embodiment.Described in the present embodiment
Arm quantity is three, and one of arm arranges a butterfly valve, and two other arm is respectively mounted a butterfly valve 501 and one
Pressure-reducing valve 502, as shown in Figure 3.
Three arms are had, one of arm installs butterfly valve, the water hammer of lift below 20 meters of main analog in the present embodiment
Pump is tested.One butterfly valve and a pressure-reducing valve are respectively mounted on two other arm.Actual regulation process is essentially all use
Pressure-reducing valve is realized.Butterfly valve is mainly used in controlling the keying of the pipeline that pumps up water, and pressure-reducing valve is used for adjusting simulated lift.For example,
When simulating high-lift, low lift pipeline should be at closed circuit state, and otherwise water can flow away from low pressure line.
For required a certain lift, all can be realized by adjusting pressure-reducing valve., there are three pipes taking the present embodiment as a example
Road, butterfly valve only installed by a middle branch road, and in addition both sides branch road, in addition to installing butterfly valve, is respectively mounted 10-70m's and 60-120m
Pressure-reducing valve.During simulation 80m lift, close the butterfly valve in simulation 10-70m side branch road and middle branch, make at this two branch roads
In closed circuit state, open the butterfly valve on the branch road of simulation 60-120m side, 80m lift can be simulated by adjusting pressure-reducing valve.
Finally it should be noted that above only in order to technical scheme to be described and unrestricted, although with reference to preferable cloth
Scheme of putting has been described in detail to the present invention, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the technology of the present invention
Scheme (sequencing of such as method, the form in platform pond, number of sensors of platform setting etc.) is modified or is waited
With replacing, without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of adjustable high-lift hydraulic ram experimental technique is it is characterised in that described method includes:
It is provided with the parallel transistor of multiple arms in the outlet pipe of hydraulic ram；
It is provided on each branched pipe adjusting the adjustable resistance element of different pressures；
Only open the adjustable resistance element on a branched pipe when carrying out hydraulic ram experiment；
Pressure sensor is arranged on the delivery port of hydraulic ram, goes out saliva for measurement hydraulic ram air tank during water hammer pump work
Pressure；
Hydraulic ram air tank outlet hydraulic pressure is converted to hydraulic ram air tank delivery port piezometric headh a1 ；
Hydraulic ram air tank delivery port piezometric head is deducted the entrance head of hydraulic ramh u ；
Obtain the simulation lift of hydraulic ramh 1 It may be assumed thath 1 ≈h a1 -h u .
2. a kind of adjustable high-lift hydraulic ram experiment porch, comprising: the upper storage reservoir being connected with hydraulic ram water inlet pipe and installation water hammer
It is characterised in that the outlet of the outlet pipe of described hydraulic ram is arranged on the top of described upper storage reservoir, described goes out in the lower pond of the pump pump housing
Water pipe is provided with and is respectively provided with the adjustable resistance unit adjusting different range of lifts on many arms in parallel, each described arm
Part, the position setting pressure sensor that described outlet pipe is connected with hydraulic ram.
3. experiment porch according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described adjustable resistance element is butterfly valve, ball valve；Or
The combination of butterfly valve, ball valve and pressure-reducing valve.
4. experiment porch according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that there is an arm to install butterfly valve in described arm,
Butterfly valve and pressure-reducing valve are installed on other arms.
5. experiment porch according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described pressure-reducing valve is Self-operated pressure reducing valve.
6. the experiment porch according to one of claim 2-5 is it is characterised in that described arm quantity is three, wherein
One arm arranges a butterfly valve, and two other arm respectively installs a butterfly valve and a pressure-reducing valve.
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| CN201410588898.9A CN104454491B (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2014-10-29 | Experimental method and experimental platform for adjustable high-lift water hydraulic ram pump |
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| CN201410588898.9A CN104454491B (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2014-10-29 | Experimental method and experimental platform for adjustable high-lift water hydraulic ram pump |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018156974A1 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-08-30 | GreenStract, LLC | Gravimetric apparatus for transferring fluids |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105021315A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-04 | 安徽汉威电子有限公司 | Connection mode of hydraulic pressure clamp meter |
| CN106066940B (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2017-09-19 | 河海大学 | It is a kind of to calculate the method that water system prime minister flies ease water hammer pressure |
| CN107103166B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-04-24 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | The differential pressure air tank and design method of a kind of water hammer-resistant |
| CN109522641A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-26 | 南京腾图节能科技有限公司 | The calculation method of the minimum lift of water pump when a kind of exit of pump valve standard-sized sheet |
| CN110207018B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2021-02-05 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Mounting structure of water supply pipeline test pipe section |
| CN113175437B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-11-11 | 格力大松（宿迁）生活电器有限公司 | Water pump lift testing device and water pump lift testing method |
| CN114112454B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2024-08-27 | 中国人民解放军海军潜艇学院 | Comprehensive protection method for water hammer of ship water diversion system |
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| CN2166269Y (en) * | 1993-08-14 | 1994-05-25 | 邹镇 | Hydraulic ram with shell structure |
| RU2529277C1 (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-09-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Челябинская государственная агроинженерная академия" | Hydraulic ram |
| CN203743092U (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-30 | 北京宇豪胜水利科技咨询有限公司 | Water hammer pump |
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| WO2018156974A1 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-08-30 | GreenStract, LLC | Gravimetric apparatus for transferring fluids |
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