CN104453949B - A kind of narrow transition telescoping steel form construction method of tunnel bundle - Google Patents
A kind of narrow transition telescoping steel form construction method of tunnel bundle Download PDFInfo
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- CN104453949B CN104453949B CN201410732694.8A CN201410732694A CN104453949B CN 104453949 B CN104453949 B CN 104453949B CN 201410732694 A CN201410732694 A CN 201410732694A CN 104453949 B CN104453949 B CN 104453949B
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/102—Removable shuttering; Bearing or supporting devices therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of tunnel bundle narrow transition concrete lining telescoping steel form construction method, chassis includes transition backform, transition telescoping steel form crown template adopts split-type design, template is distributed with tunnel centrosymmetry, from top under be followed successively by transition backform, backform transition template, side backform and side form, connected by hinge between each section of template.Side backform and side form are connected fixing by many group support screws and multiple hydraulic jack with chassis door frame.Transition concrete of the present invention adopts telescoping steel form construction tunneling boring of side and roof arch to build molding, decreases stratified construction, accelerates construction speed, reduces cost input.Transition telescoping steel form is large steel moulding plate structure, decreases form joint, improves concrete construction quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the telescoping steel form field of constructing tunnel, be specifically related to a kind of narrow transition telescoping steel form of tunnel bundle and construction method.
Background technology
Cavern's inducer and outlet section in underground engineering are usually designed to transition for meeting runner Hydraulic design parameter needs, the tailrace tunnel of such as underground power house, cavern's end outlet segment structure form is the narrow transition of the gateway opening pencil of forms, and namely port size is faded to light section by big cross section.Lining concrete for the narrow transition version of this bundle, conventional telescoping steel form is adopted to cannot be carried out lining construction, one be the crown circular arc of the narrow transition of the gateway opening pencil of forms is the gradual change circular arc of the descending change of radius, and abutment wall rectangular apertures is the grading structure narrowed from the width；Conventional telescoping steel form crown circle curve template is same radius, and sidewall template is unified aperture width, it is impossible to meet liner structure needs.Two is if adopting conventional telescoping steel form construction, telescoping steel form after lining cutting is owing to being limited by transition structure, namely the transition demoulding that cannot build molding from the sole outlet of cavern runs to hole, and take to remove telescoping steel form to walking in hole, limited by section concrete space in the hole of lining cutting can only decompose, the destructive template removing telescoping steel form, construction cost is big, and the construction period is long, and other operations construction interference in hole is big.The transition lining construction method generally adopted is, after bottom slab concreting completes, side wall rectangular apertures adopts large steel moulding plate construction in layer, crown is taked to set up bracing frame and is joined polylith small steel templates and build lining concrete, which construction cost has high input, the construction period is long, and the concrete blinding seam built is many, presentation quality is poor.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of narrow transition telescoping steel form of tunnel bundle and construction method, telescoping steel form tunneling boring one-time-concreting molding transition lining concrete can be adopted, telescoping steel form after the demoulding can conveniently run to hole from the narrow transition of bundle, and design ingenious, easy and simple to handle, safe and reliable.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of narrow transition concrete lining telescoping steel form of tunnel bundle, including chassis door frame, chassis door frame bottom is provided with moving assembly, many group backform hoist cylinders and jack it is provided with between chassis door frame and backform bracing frame, backform bracing frame is connected with transition backform, and transition backform both sides are connected with backform transition template respectively, backform transition template is connected with side backform, and side backform is connected with side form；Described transition backform and backform transition template are laid on backform bracing frame top；Described side backform and side form are connected fixing by many group support screws and multiple hydraulic jack with chassis door frame.
Described side form coordinates chain block can adjust the distance of side form and chassis door frame.
Described transition backform, backform transition template, side backform and side form adopt split-type structural, and template is distributed with tunnel centrosymmetry, from top under be sequentially distributed, connected by hinge between each section of template.
It is fixing that backform bracing frame sill two ends have dismountable support beam to be connected with backform transition template respectively.
Described side backform is made up of straight section and segmental arc, and bottom is straight section, and top is segmental arc.
Described side form is divided into 3 sections, from bottom to top respectively hypomere, stage casing, epimere, wherein epimere and stage casing are contour, and hypomere height is minimum.
A kind of tunnel bundle narrow transition telescoping steel form lining construction method, comprises the following steps:
One, narrow for tunnel bundle transition concrete lining telescoping steel form is run to transition position in hole；
Two, the template of transition telescoping steel form all being supported to design profile line position, position in storehouse checks and accepts after-pouring concrete:
1) remove the support screw of side form, jacking backform hoist cylinder, transition backform and backform transition template are adjusted to design attitude；
2) hydraulic jack of installation and elongation side form, adjusts side backform and side form to design attitude, and regulates fixation with support screw；
3) all standby storehouses have worked, and after position in storehouse is checked and accepted, tunneling boring builds transition lining concrete；
Three, lining concrete reaches the solidifying after date transition telescoping steel form demoulding, and chassis runs to outside hole:
1) lining concrete reaches solidifying after date, removes the support screw between side form and chassis door frame, shrinks hydraulic jack and side form is departed from concrete surface；Remove the bearing pin that side form is connected with side backform, make side form separate with side backform and entire lowering；
2) with chain block, side form is hung, and remove hydraulic jack between side form and chassis door frame；
3) within side form is adjusted the narrow section line of bundle by adjustment chain block, and fixing by being connected between side form with chassis door frame with support screw, remove chain block；
4) remove the support screw between side backform and chassis door frame, shrink the hydraulic jack between backform hoist cylinder and contraction side backform bottom and chassis door frame, make transition backform, backform transition template and side backform depart from concrete surface；
5) the support beam that backform transition template is connected is removed with backform bracing frame sill, backform transition template rotates to the inside, hydraulic jack between contraction side backform bottom and chassis door frame, within making backform transition template and side backform adjust the narrow section line of bundle, and changes hydraulic jack into support screw；
6) checking that the support screw between telescoping steel form template and chassis door frame is connected can rearward, and telescoping steel form runs to outside hole；
Realize restrainting the lining construction of narrow transition telescoping steel form by above method.
A kind of narrow transition concrete lining telescoping steel form of tunnel bundle provided by the invention and method, transition concrete adopts telescoping steel form construction tunneling boring of side and roof arch to build molding, decreases stratified construction, accelerates construction speed, reduces cost input.Transition telescoping steel form is large steel moulding plate structure, decreases form joint, improves concrete construction quality.Transition telescoping steel form crown template adopts split-type design, this split-type design is adopted to be conducive to the contraction of template, particularly it is provided with backform transition template, its with detachable support beam with the use of, install support beam forms support in place can meet build, the contractile scope of backform transition template after supporting beam of removing increases, and coordinates support screw and hydraulic jack and chassis door frame to interact, and meeting can less than restrainting narrow section after crown big cross section place template is shunk；Side form coordinates chain block can adjust the distance of side form and chassis door frame, less than restrainting narrow cross dimensions after making chassis big cross section place template shrink, successfully solve and restraint the problem that narrow transition adopts the telescoping steel form construction formwork demoulding and telescoping steel form to appear, accelerate construction speed, it is to avoid take to decompose in hole and remove the problem that telescoping steel form construction interference is big.Transition telescoping steel form utilizes chassis door frame and the side form of standard cavern section, decreases redesign and processing and fabricating cost, accelerates construction speed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the top planar view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view that telescoping steel form of the present invention enters hole state.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view that telescoping steel form of the present invention builds state.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of telescoping steel form demoulding state step 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of telescoping steel form demoulding state step 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of telescoping steel form demoulding state step 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of telescoping steel form demoulding state step 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the sectional view of telescoping steel form demoulding state step 5 of the present invention.
In figure: transition backform 1, backform transition template 2, side backform 3, side form 4, telescoping steel form door frame 5, backform hoist cylinder 6, support beam 7, support screw 8, hydraulic jack 9, backform bracing frame 10, chain block 11, standard section 12, restraint narrow section 13, jack 14.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, a kind of narrow transition concrete lining telescoping steel form of tunnel bundle, including chassis door frame 5, chassis door frame bottom is provided with moving assembly, many group backform hoist cylinders 6 and jack 14 it is provided with between chassis door frame 5 and backform bracing frame 10, backform bracing frame 10 is connected with transition backform 1, and transition backform 1 both sides are connected with backform transition template 2 respectively, backform transition template 2 is connected with side backform 3, and side backform 3 is connected with side form 4；Described transition backform 1 and backform transition template 2 are laid on backform bracing frame 10 top；Described side backform 3 and side form 4 are connected fixing by many group support screws 8 and multiple hydraulic jack 9 with chassis door frame 5.Described side form 4 coordinates chain block 11 can adjust the distance of side form 4 and chassis door frame 5.
Described transition backform 1, backform transition template 2, side backform 3 and side form 4 adopt split-type structural, and template is distributed with tunnel centrosymmetry, from top under be sequentially distributed, connected by hinge between each section of template.
It is fixing that backform bracing frame 10 sill two ends have dismountable support beam 7 to be connected with backform transition template 2 respectively.
Backform 3 bottom, described side is straight section, and top is segmental arc.Adopting the structure one and be to ensure that the concrete appearance type quality after building is excellent, the position build that particularly straight section is tangent with circular arc is smooth.Two are easy for the connection with side form 4 and reinforcing.
Described support screw 8 can regulate length, adapts to the connection that template is under diverse location operating mode with chassis door frame 5.
Described side form 4 height is preferably divided into 3 sections, from bottom to top respectively hypomere, stage casing, epimere, wherein epimere and stage casing are contour, and hypomere height is minimum.Adopt the structure and be easy for side form 4 and shrink to the inside and entire lowering.
It is fixing that described backform bracing frame 10 sill two ends have dismountable support beam 7 to be connected with backform transition template 2 respectively.
A kind of tunnel bundle narrow transition concrete lining telescoping steel form lining construction method, comprises the following steps:
One as in figure 2 it is shown, run to standard paragraphs telescoping steel form and transform transition telescoping steel form outside hole as.
1) removing crown support and be replaced by transition backform bracing frame 10, removing crown template replacement is transition backform 1, backform transition template 2 and side backform 3, and template is divided into two major parts by length direction.Now backform hoist cylinder 6 is at initial position, it does not have upwards jacking, and top mould section.In is restrainting below narrow section 13 line.It should be noted that, transition telescoping steel form main part still adopts the main body of standard paragraphs telescoping steel form, the systems such as chassis door frame, side form and walking, hydraulic pressure, driving or standard paragraphs, replacing is only that crown supports and crown template, so can reduce cost put into, accelerating construction progress.
2) side backform 3 and side form 4 being inwardly contracted within the narrow section 13 of bundle, and remove hydraulic jack 9 and be replaced by support screw 8, telescoping steel form runs to transition position in hole.It should be noted that, during telescoping steel form transformation, transition position in storehouse synchronizes standby storehouse, has completed installation and the colligation work of reinforcing bar, restrainting the section width after the reinforcement installation at narrow section 13 place slightly larger than restrainting narrow section 13 line 10～20cm, when transition telescoping steel form runs in hole, trolley formwork needs to shrink.
Two as it is shown on figure 3, all support the template of transition telescoping steel form to design profile line position, and position in storehouse checks and accepts after-pouring concrete.
1) remove the support screw 8 of side form 4, jacking backform hoist cylinder 6, transition backform 1 and backform transition template 2 are adjusted to design attitude.
2) hydraulic jack 9 of installation and elongation side form 4, adjusts side backform 3 and side form 4 to design attitude, installs support screw 8, and the length regulating every support screw 8 adapts to the position of side backform 3 and side form 4 fixation.Now side, template upstream and downstream coincide with the narrow section 13 of standard section 12 and bundle respectively.
3) all standby storehouses have worked, and after position in storehouse is checked and accepted, tunneling boring builds transition lining concrete.
Three, lining concrete reaches the solidifying after date transition telescoping steel form demoulding, and chassis runs to outside hole.
1) as shown in Figure 4, lining concrete reaches solidifying after date, removes the support screw 8 of side form 4 hypomere and shrinks template about 7 ° to the inside, with chain block 11, side form 4 hypomere being suspended on pars infrasegmentalis in side form 4；Remove the support screw 8 between side form 4 stage casing and epimere and chassis door frame 5 from bottom to top successively, shrink hydraulic jack 9 and side form 4 is departed from concrete surface, and the hydraulic jack 9 of side form 4 epimere template topmost is removed；Remove the bearing pin that side form 4 is connected with side backform 3, make side form 4 separate with side backform 3 and entire lowering, the hydraulic jack 9 of side form 4 epimere template topmost is replaced by support screw 8, adjust side form 4 in vertical state.
2) as it is shown in figure 5, hang firmly with chain block 11 by side form 4, remove the attachment screw of side form 4 length direction, side form 4 is splitted into two parts according to length direction, remove hydraulic jack 9 and support screw 8 between side form 4 and chassis door frame 5.
3) as shown in Figure 6, within side form 4 is adjusted narrow section 13 line of bundle by adjustment chain block 11, fixing by being connected between side form 4 with chassis door frame 5 with support screw 8, remove chain block 11.
4) as shown in Figure 7, remove the support screw 8 between side backform 3 and chassis door frame 5, shrink the hydraulic jack 9 between backform hoist cylinder 6 and contraction side backform 3 bottom and chassis door frame 5, make transition backform 1, backform transition template 2 and side backform 3 depart from concrete surface.Now transition backform 1 has been contracted to below narrow section 13 line of bundle.
5) as shown in Figure 8, remove the support beam 7 that backform transition template 2 is connected with backform bracing frame 10 sill, backform transition template 2 rotates about 5 ° to the inside, hydraulic jack 9 between contraction side backform 3 bottom and chassis door frame 5, within making backform transition template 2 and side backform 3 adjust narrow section 13 line of bundle, and change hydraulic jack 9 into support screw 8.
Claims (6)
1. a tunnel bundle narrow transition telescoping steel form lining construction method, it is characterized in that: include a narrow transition concrete lining telescoping steel form of tunnel bundle, chassis includes chassis door frame (5), chassis door frame bottom is provided with moving assembly, many groups backform hoist cylinder (6) and jack (14) it is provided with between chassis door frame (5) and backform bracing frame (10), backform bracing frame (10) is connected with transition backform (1), transition backform (1) both sides are connected with backform transition template (2) respectively, backform transition template (2) is connected with side backform (3), side backform (3) is connected with side form (4)；Described transition backform (1) and backform transition template (2) are laid on backform bracing frame (10) top；Described side backform (3) and side form (4) are connected fixing by organizing support screw (8) and multiple hydraulic jack (9) more with chassis door frame (5)；
Utilize the above-mentioned chassis method to the narrow transition lining construction of tunnel bundle, comprise the following steps:
One, narrow for tunnel bundle transition concrete lining telescoping steel form is run to transition position in hole；
Two, the template of transition telescoping steel form is all supported to design profile line position, position in storehouse check and accept after tunneling boring casting concrete:
1) remove the support screw (8) of side form (4), jacking backform hoist cylinder (6), transition backform (1) and backform transition template (2) are adjusted to design attitude；
2) hydraulic jack (9) of installation and elongation side form (4), adjusts side backform (3) and side form (4) to design attitude, and regulates fixation with support screw (8)；
3) all standby storehouses have worked, and after position in storehouse is checked and accepted, tunneling boring builds transition lining concrete;
Three, lining concrete reaches the solidifying after date transition telescoping steel form demoulding, and chassis runs to outside hole:
1) lining concrete reaches solidifying after date, removes the support screw (8) between side form (4) and chassis door frame (5), shrinks hydraulic jack (9) and side form (4) is departed from concrete surface；Remove the bearing pin that side form (4) is connected with side backform (3), make side form (4) separate with side backform (3) and entire lowering；
2) with chain block (11), side form (4) is hung, and remove hydraulic jack (9) between side form (4) and chassis door frame (5)；
3) regulate chain block (11) to be adjusted within bundle narrow section (13) line by side form (4), and fixing by being connected between side form (4) with chassis door frame (5) with support screw (8), remove chain block (11)；
4) support screw (8) between side backform (3) and chassis door frame (5) is removed, shrink the hydraulic jack (9) between backform hoist cylinder (6) and contraction side backform (3) bottom and chassis door frame (5), make transition backform (1), backform transition template (2) and side backform (3) depart from concrete surface；
5) the support beam (7) that backform transition template (2) is connected is removed with backform bracing frame (10) sill, backform transition template (2) rotates to the inside, hydraulic jack (9) between contraction side backform (3) bottom and chassis door frame (5), within making backform transition template (2) and side backform (3) adjust bundle narrow section (13) line, and change hydraulic jack (9) into support screw (8)；
6) checking that the support screw (8) between telescoping steel form template and chassis door frame (5) is connected can rearward, and telescoping steel form runs to outside hole；
Realize restrainting the lining construction of narrow transition telescoping steel form by above method.
2. tunnel bundle according to claim 1 narrow transition telescoping steel form lining construction method, it is characterised in that: described side form (4) coordinates chain block (11) can adjust the distance of side form (4) and chassis door frame (5).
3. tunnel bundle according to claim 1 narrow transition telescoping steel form lining construction method, it is characterized in that: described transition backform (1), backform transition template (2), side backform (3) and side form (4) adopt split-type structural, template is distributed with tunnel centrosymmetry, from top under be sequentially distributed, connected by hinge between each section of template.
4. tunnel bundle according to claim 1 narrow transition telescoping steel form lining construction method, it is characterised in that: it is fixing that backform bracing frame (10) sill two ends have dismountable support beam (7) to be connected with backform transition template (2) respectively.
5. tunnel bundle according to claim 1 narrow transition telescoping steel form lining construction method, it is characterised in that: described side backform (3) is made up of straight section and segmental arc, and bottom is straight section, and top is segmental arc.
6. tunnel bundle according to claim 1 narrow transition telescoping steel form lining construction method, it is characterised in that: described side form (4) is divided into 3 sections, from bottom to top respectively hypomere, stage casing, epimere, wherein epimere and stage casing are contour, and hypomere height is minimum.
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| CN201410732694.8A CN104453949B (en) | 2014-12-07 | 2014-12-07 | A kind of narrow transition telescoping steel form construction method of tunnel bundle |
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| CN201410732694.8A CN104453949B (en) | 2014-12-07 | 2014-12-07 | A kind of narrow transition telescoping steel form construction method of tunnel bundle |
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| CN104453949B true CN104453949B (en) | 2016-06-29 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106677800A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-17 | 中国水电建设集团十五工程局有限公司 | Large tunnel variable cross-section concrete lining construction method |
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| CN105781108B (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2017-11-28 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | A kind of construction method for being used to close on large-scale steel-mould trolley entirety transition between place |
| CN107059873A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-08-18 | 中国葛洲坝集团第二工程有限公司 | Transition side becomes circle template and construction method |
| CN107100647B (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2019-10-29 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | A kind of assembling and construction method of the trolley formwork of tunnel arch wall lining section gradual change |
| CN108005684B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2023-11-28 | 新疆兵团水利水电工程集团有限公司 | Separated steel mould trolley and construction method thereof |
| CN108361068B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-07-26 | 中石化上海工程有限公司 | A kind of cavern's Varied section design method of underground water seal cave depot |
| CN108442941A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-08-24 | 龚岗 | Tunnel bolt-spary supports concrete monoblock type subsectin bottler template and construction method |
| CN109488095A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-03-19 | 中建三局第建设工程有限责任公司 | Construction method based on acrylic bealock punching block |
| CN110107314A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-09 | 中国葛洲坝集团第二工程有限公司 | Transition region of tunnel lining construction method |
| CN110966009B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-02-18 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Construction method of bifurcated tunnel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3220059B2 (en) * | 1997-07-29 | 2001-10-22 | 岐阜工業株式会社 | Method and apparatus for placing concrete for tunnel using formwork with variable cross section |
| CN101082280A (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2007-12-05 | 湖南中铁五新钢模有限责任公司 | Single-track railway tunnel lining trolley |
| CN201486572U (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2010-05-26 | 中交隧道工程局有限公司 | Multi-reducing lining mould plate trolley |
| CN203499697U (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-03-26 | 北京住总集团有限责任公司 | Trolley used for concrete construction of various cross sections through mining method |
| CN203856478U (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-10-01 | 中铁三局集团有限公司 | Lining trolley applicable to tunnel with variable fracture surface |
| CN204344137U (en) * | 2014-12-07 | 2015-05-20 | 中国葛洲坝集团股份有限公司 | The narrow transition section steel form carrier of a kind of tunnel bundle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106677800A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-17 | 中国水电建设集团十五工程局有限公司 | Large tunnel variable cross-section concrete lining construction method |
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