CN104448228A - 制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104448228A
CN104448228A CN201410803088.0A CN201410803088A CN104448228A CN 104448228 A CN104448228 A CN 104448228A CN 201410803088 A CN201410803088 A CN 201410803088A CN 104448228 A CN104448228 A CN 104448228A
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耿佃勇
马炎
董伟
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ZIBO ZHENGDA ENERGY SAVING NEW MATERIAL Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，所述聚氨酯材料由以下重量份的原料制成：聚醚多元醇：25-79份，催化剂：2-4份，多异氰酸酯：5-25份，硫化剂：1.5-3.3份；本发明同时提供所述制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料的制备方法。采用本发明生产的安全镜片，硬度适中，耐挤压、不破碎，从而避免乘客面部及眼球划伤；本发明提供的制备方法简单易实施，制备的产品一次成型，极大降低了劳动成本。

Description

制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种聚氨酯材料，尤其涉及一种制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，属于高分子领域。
背景技术
如果汽车发生碰撞，安全气囊可在不到十分之一秒的时间内迅速充气，若汽车以60km的时速行驶，突然的撞击会令车辆在0.2秒内停下，而气囊则会以大约300km/h的速度弹出，由此所产生的撞击力约有180公斤，这对于头部、颈部等人体较脆弱的部位就很难承。在一般事故中乘客面部与安全气囊直接撞击的概率达99％，对于戴眼镜的乘客来说，当面部与安全气囊撞击时，一般塑料或玻璃材质的眼镜片在受到巨大外力挤压时非常容易破碎，碎片可能刺入眼球，给戴眼镜的乘客造成非常严重的二次伤害。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料。采用所述聚氨酯材料制作的镜片，一次成型、耐挤压、不破碎，从而避免乘客面部及眼球划伤。
本发明所述制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，由以下重量份的原料制成：
聚醚多元醇：25-79份，催化剂：2-4份，多异氰酸酯：5-25份，硫化剂：1.5-3.3份；
聚醚多元醇和多异腈酸酯的质量比优选3.1-4.5:1；
所述聚醚多元醇选取官能度为2-2.5，分子量为1000-1500的聚醚多元醇；优选淄博德信联邦化学工业有限公司生产的聚醚多元醇DDL-1000D，使用该类聚醚多元醇制得的产品硬度适中，韧性较好。
所述催化剂优选A-33(三亚乙基二胺)和T-9(辛酸亚锡)，两种催化剂混合使用，混合比为1:1-1.5；两种催化剂配合使用有加快熟化速度，抗老化抗变色的作用。
所述多异氰酸酯采用TDI，优选河北沧州大化TDI有限公司生产的TDI，运用TDI可提高镜片透光率。
所述硫化剂优选1,4-丁二醇，运用该硫化剂可以提高镜片透光率且提高镜片抗拉伸撕裂的能力。
所述制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料的制备方法为：
将聚醚多元醇升温至108-110℃，真空脱水2-3小时，降温至25-40℃，加入多异氰酸酯，升温至80-85℃，反应2-3小时得预聚体，降温至50℃以下，进行消泡；消泡完成后，将预聚体加热到90-100℃，加入催化剂和硫化剂，搅拌均匀后，即得制作安全镜片用聚氨酯。
合成的预聚体中，-NCO质量含量控制在3-5％；当-NCO在该范围内时，制作的镜片成品硬度适中不易形变。
制作安全镜片时，将上述制作方法中制得的聚氨酯材料倒入模具加热，温度维持在90±2℃，压模2-3小时，脱模得成品。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：
(1)本发明提供的聚氨酯材料生产的安全镜片，硬度适中，耐挤压、不破碎，从而避免乘客面部及眼球划伤。
(2)本发明还提供其制备方法，制备方法简单易实施；制备的产品一次成型，极大降低了劳动成本。
(3)本发明由于硫化剂的加入使得镜片透光率和抗拉伸撕裂的能力明显提高。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明进行详细的阐述。
实施例1
所述制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，由以下重量份的原料制成：
聚醚多元醇：70份，A-33：1份、T-9：1.5份，甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)：17.8份，1,4-丁二醇：3.2份；其中：聚醚多元醇采用官能度为2，分子量为1200的聚醚多元醇。
所述制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料的制备方法为：
将聚醚多元醇升温至110.0℃，真空脱水2小时，降温至40℃，加入甲苯二异氰酸酯，升温至85℃，反应2.5小时得预聚体，降温至25℃，进行消泡；消泡完成后，将预聚体加热到95℃，加入A-33、T-9和1,4-丁二醇，搅拌均匀后，即得制作安全镜片用聚氨酯。
合成的预聚体中，-NCO质量含量为3％。
制作安全镜片时，将上述制作方法中制得的聚氨酯材料倒入模具加热，温度维持在90±2℃，压模2.5小时，脱模得成品。
所得产品的相关参数指标见表1：
表1实施例1产品参数表
指标 直角撕裂强度 固化时间 硬度
单位 kN/m(500mm/min) min ShoreA(固化24h后)
数值 110 50 98.9
实施例2
所述制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，由以下重量份的原料制成：
聚醚多元醇DDL-1000D：55份，A-33：1.5份、T-9：2份，甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)：15份，1,4-丁二醇：1.9份。
所述制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料的制备方法为：
将聚醚多元醇DDL-1000D升温至108℃，真空脱水2.5小时，降温至30℃，加入甲苯二异氰酸酯，升温至80℃，反应3小时得预聚体，降温至45℃，进行消泡；消泡完成后，将预聚体加热到90℃，加入A-33、T-9和1,4-丁二醇，搅拌均匀后，即得制作安全镜片用聚氨酯。
合成的预聚体中，-NCO质量含量为4％。
制作安全镜片时，将上述制作方法中制得的聚氨酯材料倒入模具加热，温度维持在90±2℃，压模2.5小时，脱模得成品。
所得产品的相关参数指标见表2：
表2实施例2产品参数表
指标 直角撕裂强度 固化时间 硬度
单位 kN/m(500mm/min) min ShoreA(固化24h后)
数值 113 53 99.4
实施例3
所述制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，由以下重量份的原料制成：
聚醚多元醇DDL-1000D：65份，A-33：2份、T-9：2份，甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)：20.5份，1,4-丁二醇：2.8份。
所述制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料的制备方法为：
将聚醚多元醇DDL-1000D升温至109℃，真空脱水1.5小时，降温至40℃，加入甲苯二异氰酸酯，升温至85℃，反应2小时得预聚体，降温至50℃，进行消泡；消泡完成后，将预聚体加热到100℃，加入A-33、T-9和1,4-丁二醇，搅拌均匀后，即得制作安全镜片用聚氨酯。
合成的预聚体中，-NCO质量含量为5％。
制作安全镜片时，将上述制作方法中制得的聚氨酯材料倒入模具加热，温度维持在90±2℃，压模2.5小时，脱模得成品。
所得产品的相关参数指标见表3：
表3实施例3产品参数表
指标 直角撕裂强度 固化时间 硬度
单位 kN/m(500mm/min) min ShoreA(固化24h后)
数值 119 68 99.7

Claims (10)

1.一种制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：
聚醚多元醇：25-79份
催化剂：2-4份
多异氰酸酯：5-25份
硫化剂：1.5-3.3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，其特征在于，聚醚多元醇和多异腈酸酯的质量比为3.1-4.5:1。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，其特征在于，所述聚醚多元醇采用官能度为2-2.5，分子量为1000-1500的聚醚多元醇。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，其特征在于，聚醚多元醇选取聚醚多元醇DDL-1000D。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，其特征在于，所述催化剂选取A-33(三亚乙基二胺)和T-9(辛酸亚锡)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，其特征在于，两种催化剂混合使用，混合比为1:1-1.5。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，其特征在于，所述多异氰酸酯选取TDI。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料，其特征在于，所述硫化剂选取1,4-丁二醇。
9.一种根据权利要求1-8任一所述制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料的制备方法，其特征在于，将聚醚多元醇升温至108-110℃，真空脱水2-3小时，降温至25-40℃，加入多异氰酸酯，升温至80-85℃，反应2-3小时得预聚体，降温至50℃以下，进行消泡；消泡完成后，将预聚体加热到90-100℃，加入催化剂和硫化剂，搅拌均匀后，即得制作安全镜片用聚氨酯。
10.根据权利要求9所述制作安全镜片用聚氨酯材料的制备方法，其特征在于，合成的预聚体中-NCO质量含量控制在3-5％。
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