CN104436149A - 一种治疗脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的中药组合物 - Google Patents

一种治疗脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的中药组合物 Download PDF

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CN104436149A
CN104436149A CN201510000323.5A CN201510000323A CN104436149A CN 104436149 A CN104436149 A CN 104436149A CN 201510000323 A CN201510000323 A CN 201510000323A CN 104436149 A CN104436149 A CN 104436149A
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郑忠文
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的中药组合物，其特征是由下列重量配比的药材制成：艾实1-4份、乌药6-9份、野核桃仁30-33份、白术4-7份、刺五加8-11份、党参8-11份、粉背蕨16-19份、茯苓11-14份、薏苡仁15-18份、白绿叶6-9份、辫子草根10-13份、沉香2-5份、蘘荷8-11份、野马追30-40份、紫荆果7-10份、棕叶芦25-30份、女贞子8-11份、甘草5-8份。发明的中药组合物，用于脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎，有效率高，疗效可靠，愈后不再复发。

Description

一种治疗脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的中药组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药，特别是一种用于治疗脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的中药组合物。
背景技术
 慢性支气管炎属于中医学的“咳嗽”、“痰饮”、“咳喘”范畴。引起慢性支气管炎原因主要有以下几点:①肺气虚弱，卫外不固，外邪入侵②、久咳不已、反复发作③、年老体虚，水津不布，痰饮阻肺④、吸烟、饮酒等因素伤及于肺。病变经久不愈，则肺脾损及于肾，病情严重者常有喘息不能平卧，动则尤甚等肾不纳气之侯。主要症状为慢性咳嗽、咳痰和气短或伴有喘息。症状初期较轻，随着病程进展，因反复呼吸道感染，急性发作愈发频繁，症状亦愈严重，尤以冬季为甚。目前慢性支气管炎的西医治疗主要使用抗生素、糖皮质激素和血管扩张剂、化痰剂等，对于急性发作者效果较好，可以快速缓解症状减轻痛苦，但容易引起体内菌群紊乱，机体抗药及药物不良反应，且不能从根本上治愈本病。中医治疗慢性支气管炎是安全可靠的治疗方式。中医根据不同原因引起的慢性支气管炎，结合临床实际进行辨证治疗，将本病分为：风寒袭肺型、风热犯肺型、燥热伤肺型、痰湿蕴肺型、痰热郁肺型、气阴两虚型、脾肾阳虚型等七型，目前，治疗慢性支气管炎的中药有多种，但针对于脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的中成药尚无报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的旨在提供一种治疗脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的中药组合物，通过选择合适的药材及其配比，达到安全有效治愈脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的目的。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种治疗脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的中药组合物，其特征是由下列重量配比的药材制成：
艾实1-4份、乌药6-9份、野核桃仁30-33份、白术4-7份、刺五加8-11份、党参8-11份、粉背蕨16-19份、茯苓11-14份、薏苡仁15-18份、白绿叶6-9份、辫子草根10-13份、沉香2-5份、蘘荷8-11份、野马追30-40份、紫荆果7-10份、棕叶芦25-30份、女贞子8-11份、甘草5-8份。
配方中所涉及到的药材的来源及功能主治如下:
艾实【来源】药材基源：为菊科植物艾的果实。【性味】味苦；辛；性温【功能主治】温肾壮阳。主肾虚腰酸；阳虚内寒。
乌药【来源】药材基源：为樟科植物乌药的根。【性味】辛；温【归经】脾；胃、肝、肾、膀胱【功能主治】行气止痛；温肾散寒。主胸胁满闷；脘腹胀痛；头痛；寒疝疼痛；痛经及产后腹痛；尿频；遗尿。
野核桃仁【来源】药材基源：为胡桃科植物野核挑的种仁。【性味】甘；性温【归经】肺；肾；大肠经【功能主治】润肺化痰；温肾助阳；润肤；通便。主燥咳无痰；虚喘；腰膝酸软；肠燥便秘；皮肤干裂。
白术【来源】药材基源：为菊科植物白术的根茎。【性味】味苦；甘；性温【归经】归脾；胃经【功能主治】健脾益气；燥湿利水；止汗；安胎。主脾气虚弱；神疲乏力；食少少腹胀；大便溏薄；水饮内停；小便不利；水肿；痰饮眩晕；温痹酸痛；气虚自汗；胎动不安。
刺五加【来源】药材基源：为五加科植物刺五加的根、根茎或茎叶。【性味】味微苦；辛；性温【归经】归脾；肾；心经【功能主治】补肾强腰；益气安神；活血通络。主肾虚体弱；腰膝酸软；小儿行迟；脾虚乏力；气虚浮肿；食欲不振；失眠多梦；健忘；胸痹疼痛；风寒湿痹；跌打肿痛。
党参【来源】药材基源：为桔梗科植物常参、素花党参、川党参、管花党参、球花党参、灰毛党参的根。【性味】味甘；性平【归经】归脾；肺经【功能主治】健脾补肺、益气生津。主脾胃虚弱、食少便溏、四肢乏力、肺虚喘咳、气短自汗、气微两亏诸证。
粉背蕨【来源】药材基源：为中国蕨科植物粉背蕨的全草。【性味】温；淡；平微涩；无毒【归经】肺；脾；肝经【功能主治】祛痰止咳；健脾利湿；活血止血。主咳嗽；泄泻；痢疾；消化不良；月经不调；吐血；便血；白带；淋证；跌打损伤；瘰疬。
茯苓【来源】药材基源：为多孔菌科真菌茯苓的菌核。【性味】甘；淡；平【归经】心；脾；肺；肾经【功能主治】渗湿利水；健脾和胃；宁心安神。主小便不利；水肿胀满；痰饮咳逆；呕吐；脾虚食少；泄泻；心悸不安；失眠健忘；遗精白浊。
薏苡仁【来源】药材基源：为禾本科植物薏苡的种仁。【性味】甘；淡；微寒【归经】脾；肺；肾经【功能主治】利湿健脾；舒筋除痹；清热排脓。主水肿；脚气；小便淋沥；湿温病；泄泻带下；风湿痹痛；筋脉拘挛；肺痈；肠痈；扁平疣。
白绿叶【来源】药材基源：为胡颓子科植物白绿叶的叶及根皮。【性味】味甘；酸；淡；性平【归经】肺；肾；膀胱经【功能主治】清热利湿；通淋排石；止咳平喘。主慢性肾炎；肾结石；尿路感染；黄疸型肝炎；慢性支气管炎；支气管哮喘；胃痛。
辫子草根【来源】药材基源：为豆科植物小叶三点金草Desmodium microphylLum（Thunb.）DC.的根。【性味】甘；苦；凉【归经】肝；膀胱；大肠经【功能主治】清热利湿；止咳平喘；消肿解毒。主石淋；胃痛；黄疸；痢疾；咳嗽；哮喘；小儿疳积；毒蛇咬伤；痈疮瘰疬；漆疮；痔疮。
沉香【来源】药材基源：为瑞香科植物沉香、白木香含树脂的木材。【性味】辛；苦；温【归经】肾；脾；胃；命门；肺；胆；肝经【功能主治】行气止痛；温中降逆；纳气平喘。主脘腹冷痛；气逆员息；胃寒呕吐呃逆；腰膝虚冷；大肠虚秘；小便气淋。
蘘荷【来源】药材基源：为姜科植物蘘荷的根茎。【性味】味辛；性温【归经】肺；肝经【功能主治】活血调经；祛痰止咳；解毒消肿。主月经不调；痛经；跌打损伤；咳嗽气喘；痈疽肿毒；瘰疬。
野马追【来源】药材基源：为菊科植物尖佩兰的全草。【性味】味苦；性平【功能主治】甭肺止咳；化痰平喘；降血压。主支气管炎；咳嗽痰多；高血压病。
紫荆果【来源】药材基源：为豆科植物紫荆的果实。【性味】甘；微苦；平【归经】心；肺经【功能主治】止咳平喘，行气止痛。主咳嗽多痰，哮喘，心口痛。
棕叶芦【来源】药材基源：为禾本科植物棕叶芦的根或笋。【性味】味甘；性凉【归经】入肺、胆二经【功能主治】清热截疟；止咳平喘。主疟疾；烦渴；腹泻；咳喘。
女贞子【来源】药材基源：为木犀科植物女贞的果实。【性味】甘；苦；性凉【归经】肝；肾经【功能主治】补益肝肾；清虚热；明目。主头昏目眩；腰膝酸软；遗精；耳鸣；须发早白，骨蒸潮热；目暗不明。
甘草【来源】本品为豆科植物甘草 Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.、胀果甘草 Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. 或光果甘草 Glycyrrhiza glabra L. 的干燥根。【性味】甘，平。【归经】归心、肺、脾、胃经 。【功能主治】补脾益气，清热解毒，祛痰止咳，缓急止痛，调和诸药。用于脾胃虚弱，倦怠乏力，心悸气短，咳嗽痰多，脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛，痈肿疮毒，缓解药物毒性、烈性。
在中医辨证治疗的过程中，我们通常结合X光片的检查，进一步确定患者的病情，按病情进展可分为3期：①急性发作期：指在1周内出现脓性或黏液脓性痰，痰量明显增加，或伴有发热等炎症表现，或咳、痰、喘任何一项症状明显加剧。②慢性迁延期：指有不同程度的咳、痰、喘症状迁延1个月以上者。③临床缓解期：经治疗或自然缓解，症状基本消失或偶有轻微咳嗽和少量痰液，保持2个月以上者。
脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的临床表现为咳嗽而喘，咯痰稀薄，胸闷气短，甚至喉中疾鸣，动则心悸，畏寒肢冷足肿，食少腰膝酸软，色质淡胖，苔白，脉沉细等症状。慢性支气管炎的发生与发展常与外邪反复侵袭，肺脾肾三脏功能失调密切相关。肺失肃降、肺气上逆导致咳嗽，脾不运化、聚湿为痰导致咯痰，肾阳亏虚，气化失常，水气不化，为痰为饮，阻塞气道，肾阴亏虚，虚火灼伤肺津，肺失宣降肺气上逆而咳喘咯痰，外邪内火，与痰湿结合形成痰火，火热壅肺，痰闭肺络。因此，脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎治疗原则为温肾健脾、纳气平喘。本发明采用科学的配方及配比，配方中所采用的艾实具有温肾壮阳的功效；乌药具有行气止痛、温肾散寒的功效；野核桃仁具有润肺化痰、温肾助阳、润肤、通便的功效；白术具有健脾益气、燥湿利水、止汗的功效；刺五加具有补肾强腰、益气安神、活血通络的功效；党参具有健脾补肺、益气生津的功效；粉背蕨具有祛痰止咳、健脾利湿、活血止血的功效；茯苓具有渗湿利水、健脾和胃、宁心安神的功效；薏苡仁具有利湿健脾、舒筋除痹、清热排脓的功效；白绿叶具有清热利湿、通淋排石、止咳平喘的功效；辫子草根具有清热利湿、止咳平喘、消肿解毒的功效；沉香具有行气止痛、温中降逆、纳气平喘的功效；蘘荷具有活血调经、祛痰止咳、解毒消肿的功效；野马追具有甭肺止咳、化痰平喘、降血压的功效；紫荆果具有止咳平喘、行气止痛的功效；棕叶芦具有清热截疟、止咳平喘的功效；女贞子具有补益肝肾、清虚热、明目的功效；甘草具有补脾益气、清热解毒、祛痰止咳、缓急止痛、调和诸药的功效。配方中的各药物之间能相互配合，协同作用，所制成的中药，具有温肾健脾、纳气平喘的功效，能有效治疗脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎，多年来，通过对40例患者的使用表明，有效率达到 95%。治疗效果好，治愈后随访1年没有复发过。
下面结合临床实验数据来说明本发明的有益效果：
1、抽样方法
从我单位近五年来确诊为脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的患者中，随机选取80例病人，其中，男50例，女30例，年龄50-75岁，随机分为对照组和治疗组，每组各40人。两组年龄等资料无显著性差异，具有可比性。
2、试验方法
2．1对照组患者使用扫日劳清肺止咳胶，按说明书服用，疗程6周。
2．2治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例1制得的中药颗粒，早、中、晚各一次。疗程6周。
3、疗效标准及治疗结果
3.1疗效标准：
临床痊愈：脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的临床症状、体征消失或基本消失；显效：脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的临床症状、体征明显改善；有效：脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的临床症状、体征均有好转；无效：脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的临床症状、体征均无明显改善或加重。
3.2治疗统计结果见表1。
表1两组疗效比较
由此可见，采用本发明的组方制得的药物能够安全有效治疗脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施的例子对本发明做进一步详细的描述。
实施例1
称取艾实1克、乌药6克、野核桃仁30克、白术4克、刺五加8克、党参8克、粉背蕨16克、茯苓11克、薏苡仁15克、白绿叶6克、辫子草根10克、沉香2克、蘘荷8克、野马追30克、紫荆果7克、棕叶芦25克、女贞子8克、甘草5克。将以上各种药材粉磨成末，然后用常规方法“全成分”提取制成速溶中药颗粒，按照每小袋10克进行分装，密闭，于阴凉、干燥处保存。
用于治疗脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎。口服，每日分早、中、晚三次饭后服用。
具体实施例2
称取艾实2克、乌药7克、野核桃仁32克、白术5克、刺五加9克、党参9克、粉背蕨18克、茯苓13克、薏苡仁16克、白绿叶7克、辫子草根11克、沉香3克、蘘荷9克、野马追32克、紫荆果8克、棕叶芦26克、女贞子9克、甘草6克。将以上各种药材粉磨成末，然后用常规方法“全成分”提取制成速溶中药颗粒，按照每小袋10克进行分装，密闭，于阴凉、干燥处保存。
用于治疗脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎。口服，每日分早、中、晚三次饭后服用。
具体实施例3
称取艾实4克、乌药9克、野核桃仁33克、白术7克、刺五加11克、党参11克、粉背蕨19克、茯苓14克、薏苡仁18克、白绿叶9克、辫子草根13克、沉香4克、蘘荷11克、野马追40克、紫荆果10克、棕叶芦30克、女贞子11克、甘草8克。将以上各种药材粉磨成末，然后用常规方法“全成分”提取制成速溶中药颗粒，按照每小袋10克进行分装，密闭，于阴凉、干燥处保存。
用于治疗脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎。口服，每日分早、中、晚三次饭后服用。

Claims (1)

1. 一种治疗脾肾阳虚型慢性支气管炎的中药组合物，其特征是由下列重量配比的药材制成：
艾实1-4份、乌药6-9份、野核桃仁30-33份、白术4-7份、刺五加8-11份、党参8-11份、粉背蕨16-19份、茯苓11-14份、薏苡仁15-18份、白绿叶6-9份、辫子草根10-13份、沉香2-5份、蘘荷8-11份、野马追30-40份、紫荆果7-10份、棕叶芦25-30份、女贞子8-11份、甘草5-8份。
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