CN104429924A - Pollination method for blueberries in greenhouse - Google Patents
Pollination method for blueberries in greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN104429924A CN104429924A CN201410610700.2A CN201410610700A CN104429924A CN 104429924 A CN104429924 A CN 104429924A CN 201410610700 A CN201410610700 A CN 201410610700A CN 104429924 A CN104429924 A CN 104429924A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pollination method for blueberries in a greenhouse. The pollination method comprises the following steps: (1) an anti-bee net needs to be mounted at a ventilation opening in the greenhouse; (2) beehives are arranged when bearing branches of the blueberries have flowers, and honeybees and bumblebees are used for pollinating; the quantity of the beehives moved into the greenhouse is determined according to the standard that one beehive is arranged every 400-800 square meters; (3) the honeybees and the bumblebees are put into middle ridge surface positions in a warm shed and a cold shed; and (4) the pollination time of the honeybees and the bumblebees in the greenhouse is controlled to 15-35 days. According to the pollination method, the honeybees and the bumblebees are matched to pollinate; the bumblebees have relatively low requirements on temperature, and the requirements on the temperature are not more strict than those of the honeybees; the bumblebees can go out of the beehives to pollinate in cloudy days so that the disadvantages of the honeybee pollination are made up; the price of the bumblebees are equivalent to that of the honeybees; and through the long-term tests and practices of an inventor, the yield produced by the combination of the bumblebees and the honeybees is remarkably higher than the yield produced by the single honeybee combination or single bumblebee combination.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pollinating method, especially a kind of pollinating method of facility blueberry.
Background technology
In facility, blueberry pollination is the operation of very important farming, is the key factor determining blueberry seed output and quality, and at present domestic in facility blueberry pollination still use honeybee pollination.Use honeybee pollination to be subject to outside air temperature and illumination effect comparatively large, if run into rainy weather or cloudy weather (not having illumination), honeybee can not go out nest pollination, and in meeting delay elements, blueberry is ripe like this, greatly reduces blueberry benefit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of pollinating method of facility blueberry is provided, use Xiong Feng and honeybee collocation pollination, make up the defect of honeybee pollination deficiency, for vast facility blueberry plant personnel provides the guidance of a facility blueberry pollination.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A pollinating method for facility blueberry, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before putting beehive
For ensureing Pollination Effect, before putting honeybee, cold canopy and brooder facility planted agent place anti-honeybee net at ventilating opening place, check the tightness of anti-honeybee net, must, without leak, seamless, prevent honeybee from flying out;
2) beehive standing time
Start to place beehive when blueberry fruit bearing shoot is shown in colored, utilize honeybee and bumblebee pollination, honeybee and bumblebee case number ratio are 1 ~ 2; Determine to move into the beehive quantity in facility according to the standard of every 400 ~ 800 square metres of configuration honeybees and bumblebee beehive;
Temperature in described facility controls at 5 ~ 30 DEG C, and relative moisture is comprise 3 ~ 5 honeybee spleens and 2000 ~ 5000 honeybees in 30% ~ 80%, bee box, comprises 1 ~ 3 honeybee spleen and 100 ~ 300 bumblebees in a bumblebee case;
3) beehive riding position and height
In brooder and cold canopy, bumblebee and honeybee are all put into its position, face, middle ridge, and honeybee beehive is directly placed on ground; Bumblebee beehive distance 0.2 ~ 0.8 meter, ground, and above it, 0.1 ~ 0.5 meter of arranges solar protection devices;
4) described honeybee and the bumblebee pollination time in facility controls at 15 ~ 35 days;
Pollination time terminates and after honeybee, bumblebee return nest, close beehive nest door, and withdrawn from from facility by beehive; Wherein, medicament and internal-suction type insecticide that to forbid between first 3 days of facility and pollination period using in facility and belong to long residual type is moved at beehive.
Described brooder is winter warm type green house, and east, three orientation in west and north are bodies of wall, and the south is bamboo chip or steelframe; Described cold canopy is the spring warm up formula green house, does not have body of wall, and four sides is bamboo chip or steelframe entirely.Relative heat insulation effect, brooder is better than cold canopy, and the fructescence generally shifts to an earlier date January to one and a half months.
The anti-honeybee net of described brooder leaks informaton at its top mouth place, and the anti-honeybee net of cold canopy to leak informaton mouth place at its waist seam.
Beehive palpus horizontal positioned in described immigration facility, avoids vibrations, can not tiltedly put or be inverted, and the nest shop front of beehive southeastward.
The syrup of 0.3 ~ 1 kilogram, 0.2 ~ 0.8 kilogram is configured with respectively in described honeybee, bumblebee beehive.
Described when laying honeybee beehive, start syrup of feeding, full-bloom stage interrupts syrup, continues to feed after full-bloom stage again; Described when laying bumblebee beehive, get out the syrup of feeding, period need not add.
Described honeybee beehive changes a syrup in 2 ~ 5 days.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows,
1. the application adopts Xiong Feng and honeybee collocation pollination, and Xiong Feng is lower to temperature requirement, and to temperature, the requirement of picture honeybee is not strict, and bumblebee also can go out nest pollination at the cloudy day, will make up honeybee pollination deficiency like this, and bumblebee price is suitable with honeybee; Long term test through inventor is put into practice, and bumblebee and honeybee combination output will be significantly higher than simple honeybee or bumblebee combination;
2. adopt the pollinating method of the application, bumblebee and honeybee combination maturing stage all will combine more than one week early than simple honeybee or bumblebee, especially at brooder, early stage, market blueberry fresh fruit demand was in short supply, blueberry price is the highest, so maturation benefit comparatively is early greater than ripe evening, the blueberry fresh fruit price of going on the market the earliest is higher than 2 ~ 3 times of price after a week, add that bumblebee and honeybee combination output will be significantly higher than simple honeybee or bumblebee combination, so bumblebee and honeybee combination pollination improve a lot to the economic benefit of facility blueberry.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
A pollinating method for facility blueberry, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before putting beehive
For ensureing Pollination Effect, before putting honeybee, facility planted agent places anti-honeybee net at ventilating opening place, the anti-honeybee net of described brooder leaks informaton at its top mouth place, and the anti-honeybee net of cold canopy to leak informaton mouth place at its waist seam, checks the tightness of anti-honeybee net, must, without leak, seamless, prevent honeybee from flying out;
2) beehive standing time
Start to place beehive when blueberry fruit bearing shoot is shown in colored, utilize honeybee and bumblebee pollination; Determine to move into the beehive quantity in facility according to the standard of every 400 square metres of configurations honeybee beehive;
Temperature in described facility controls at 5 DEG C, and relative moisture is comprise 3 honeybee spleens and 2000 honeybees in 30%, bee box, comprises 1 honeybee spleen and 100 bumblebees in a bumblebee case;
3) beehive riding position and height
In brooder and cold canopy, bumblebee and honeybee are all put into its position, face, middle ridge, and honeybee beehive is directly placed on ground; Bumblebee beehive distance 0.2 meter, ground, and above it, 0.1 meter of arranges solar protection devices;
4) described honeybee and the bumblebee pollination time in facility controls at 15 days;
Pollination time terminates and after honeybee, bumblebee return nest, close beehive nest door, and withdrawn from from facility by beehive; Wherein, medicament and internal-suction type insecticide that to forbid between first 3 days of facility and pollination period using in facility and belong to long residual type is moved at beehive.
Beehive palpus horizontal positioned in described immigration facility, avoids vibrations, can not tiltedly put or be inverted, and the nest shop front of beehive southeastward.
The syrup of 0.3 kilogram, 0.2 kilogram is configured with respectively in described honeybee, bumblebee beehive.
Described when laying honeybee beehive, start syrup of feeding, full-bloom stage interrupts syrup, continues to feed after full-bloom stage again; Described when laying bumblebee beehive, get out the syrup of feeding, period need not add.
Described honeybee beehive changes a syrup in 2 days.
Embodiment 2:
A pollinating method for facility blueberry, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before putting beehive
For ensureing Pollination Effect, before putting honeybee, facility planted agent places anti-honeybee net at ventilating opening place, the anti-honeybee net of described brooder leaks informaton at its top mouth place, and the anti-honeybee net of cold canopy to leak informaton mouth place at its waist seam, checks the tightness of anti-honeybee net, must, without leak, seamless, prevent honeybee from flying out;
2) beehive standing time
Start to place beehive when blueberry fruit bearing shoot is shown in colored, utilize honeybee and bumblebee pollination; Determine to move into the beehive quantity in facility according to the standard of every 800 square metres of configurations honeybee beehive;
Temperature in described facility controls at 30 DEG C, and relative moisture is comprise 5 honeybee spleens and 5000 honeybees in 80%, bee box, comprises 3 honeybee spleens and 300 bumblebees in a bumblebee case;
3) beehive riding position and height
In brooder and cold canopy, bumblebee and honeybee are all put into its position, face, middle ridge, and honeybee beehive is directly placed on ground; Bumblebee beehive distance 0.8 meter, ground, and above it, 0.5 meter of arranges solar protection devices;
4) described honeybee and the bumblebee pollination time in facility controls at 30 days;
Pollination time terminates and after honeybee, bumblebee return nest, close beehive nest door, and withdrawn from from facility by beehive; Wherein, medicament and internal-suction type insecticide that to forbid between first 3 days of facility and pollination period using in facility and belong to long residual type is moved at beehive.
Beehive palpus horizontal positioned in described immigration facility, avoids vibrations, can not tiltedly put or be inverted, and the nest shop front of beehive southeastward.
The syrup of 1 kilogram, 0.8 kilogram is configured with respectively in described honeybee, bumblebee beehive.
Described when laying honeybee beehive, start syrup of feeding, full-bloom stage interrupts syrup, continues to feed after full-bloom stage again; Described when laying bumblebee beehive, get out the syrup of feeding, period need not add.
Described honeybee beehive changes a syrup in 5 days.
Embodiment 3:
A pollinating method for facility blueberry, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before putting beehive
For ensureing Pollination Effect, before putting honeybee, facility planted agent places anti-honeybee net at ventilating opening place, the anti-honeybee net of described brooder leaks informaton at its top mouth place, and the anti-honeybee net of cold canopy to leak informaton mouth place at its waist seam, checks the tightness of anti-honeybee net, must, without leak, seamless, prevent honeybee from flying out;
2) beehive standing time
Start to place beehive when blueberry fruit bearing shoot is shown in colored, utilize honeybee and bumblebee pollination; Determine to move into the beehive quantity in facility according to the standard of every 600 square metres of configurations honeybee beehive;
Temperature in described facility controls at 20 DEG C, and relative moisture is comprise 2 honeybee spleens and 3500 honeybees in 45%, bee box, comprises 2 honeybee spleens and 200 bumblebees in a bumblebee case;
3) beehive riding position and height
In brooder and cold canopy, bumblebee and honeybee are all put into its position, face, middle ridge, and honeybee beehive is directly placed on ground; Bumblebee beehive distance 0.5 meter, ground, and above it, 0.3 meter of arranges solar protection devices;
4) described honeybee and the bumblebee pollination time in facility controls at 25 days;
Pollination time terminates and after honeybee, bumblebee return nest, close beehive nest door, and withdrawn from from facility by beehive; Wherein, medicament and internal-suction type insecticide that to forbid between first 3 days of facility and pollination period using in facility and belong to long residual type is moved at beehive.
Beehive palpus horizontal positioned in described immigration facility, avoids vibrations, can not tiltedly put or be inverted, and the nest shop front of beehive southeastward.
The syrup of 0.6 kilogram, 0.5 kilogram is configured with respectively in described honeybee, bumblebee beehive.
Described when laying honeybee beehive, start syrup of feeding, full-bloom stage interrupts syrup, continues to feed after full-bloom stage again; Described when laying bumblebee beehive, get out the syrup of feeding, period need not add.
Described honeybee beehive changes a syrup in 3 days.
Under using according to beehive the prerequisite that price is suitable, be combined as: bumblebee and bumblebee, honeybee and honeybee, honeybee and bumblebee, compare its Pollination Effect.
(1) visit is taken time and temperature
Table 1 and table 2 are respectively bumblebee pollination and honeybee pollination is taken time and temperature of shed at fine day and the cloudy visit that starts below:
Under table 1 fine day condition, bumblebee and honeybee are visited and take time and temperature of shed
Under the cloudy condition of table 2, bumblebee and honeybee are visited and take time and temperature of shed
As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2, at fine day or cloudy day, bumblebee all will go out nest early than honeybee, during the cloudy day honeybee to go out time of nest more late, and the temperature that honeybee requires when going out nest is also higher than bumblebee; The pollination end time, the bumblebee time of going back to the nest will be later than honeybee.Totally can find out that bumblebee is come out early and return late in the pollination of visit flower, requiring temperature of shed neither be very high.
(2) flower efficiency is visited
Bumblebee pollination visits flower efficiency, with honeybee pollination as shown in table 3 and table 4 below in the pollination that fine day is different with the cloudy day.
Under table 3 fine day condition, bumblebee and honeybee visit flower efficiency
Under the cloudy condition of table 4, bumblebee and honeybee visit flower efficiency
| Process | Follow the tracks of and visit flower quantity (piece) | Visit Hua total used time (min) | Unit interval visit flower amount (piece/min) |
| Bumblebee | 311.00 | 46.60 | 6.70 |
| Honeybee | 307.33 | 66.43 | 4.63 |
Found out by table 3 and table 4 result, the visit flower pollination efficiency of bumblebee, at fine day or cloudy day, is all higher than honeybee.
(3) maturing stage and output
Bumblebee pollination and honeybee pollination output within maturing stage and facility, as shown in table 5 and table 6 below.
The table 5 various Pollination Modes fructescence
| The winter warm type canopy maturing stage (moon/day) | Spring warms up the formula canopy maturing stage (moon/day) | |
| Bumblebee and bumblebee | 4.26 | 6.4 |
| Honeybee and honeybee | 4.22 | 6.1 |
| Bumblebee and honeybee | 4.18 | 5.28 |
Output in the various Pollination Modes facility of table 6
| Winter warm type canopy output (kg) | Spring warms up formula canopy output (kg) | |
| Bumblebee and bumblebee | 661.3a | 692.3a |
| Honeybee and honeybee | 675a | 696.6a |
| Bumblebee and honeybee | 694.3b | 711.3b |
As can be seen from Table 5, no matter these 3 kinds of Pollination Modes combinations are at winter warm type big shack and spring warm type big shack, bumblebee and honeybee combination maturing stage all will early than other two kinds pollination combinations, and 8 days to be combined early than bumblebee and bumblebee, especially at winter warm type big shack, early stage the market demand in short supply, blueberry price is the highest, so maturation benefit comparatively is early greater than ripe evening.As can be seen from Table 6, no matter these 3 kinds of Pollination Modes combinations are at winter warm type big shack and spring warm type big shack, and bumblebee and honeybee combination output all will be significantly higher than other two kinds pollinations combination (utilizing DAS SPSS17.0 to analyze).
Although above-mentioned, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a pollinating method for facility blueberry, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before putting beehive
For ensureing Pollination Effect, before putting honeybee, cold canopy or brooder facility planted agent place anti-honeybee net at ventilating opening place, check the tightness of anti-honeybee net, must, without leak, seamless, prevent honeybee from flying out;
2) beehive standing time
Start to place beehive when blueberry fruit bearing shoot is shown in colored, utilize honeybee and bumblebee pollination, honeybee and bumblebee case number ratio are 1 ~ 2; Determine to move into the beehive quantity in facility according to the standard of every 400 ~ 800 square metres of configuration honeybees and bumblebee beehive;
Temperature in described facility controls at 5 ~ 30 DEG C, and relative moisture is comprise 3 ~ 5 honeybee spleens and 2000 ~ 5000 honeybees in 30% ~ 80%, bee box, comprises 1 ~ 3 honeybee spleen and 100 ~ 300 bumblebees in a bumblebee case;
3) beehive riding position and height
In brooder and cold canopy, bumblebee and honeybee are all put into its position, face, middle ridge, and honeybee beehive is directly placed on ground; Bumblebee beehive distance 0.2 ~ 0.8 meter, ground, and above it, 0.1 ~ 0.5 meter of arranges solar protection devices;
4) described honeybee and the bumblebee pollination time in facility controls at 15 ~ 35 days;
Pollination time terminates and after honeybee, bumblebee return nest, close beehive nest door, and withdrawn from from facility by beehive; Wherein, medicament and internal-suction type insecticide that to forbid between first 3 days of facility and pollination period using in facility and belong to long residual type is moved at beehive.
2. the pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 1) in the anti-honeybee net of brooder to leak informaton at its top mouth place, the anti-honeybee net of cold canopy to leak informaton mouth place at its waist seam.
3. the pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 2) the middle beehive palpus horizontal positioned moved in facility, avoid vibrations, can not tiltedly put or be inverted, and the nest shop front of beehive is southeastward.
4. the pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, is configured with the syrup of 0.3 ~ 1 kilogram, 0.2 ~ 0.8 kilogram in described honeybee, bumblebee beehive respectively.
5. the pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described in when laying honeybee beehive, start syrup of feeding, full-bloom stage interrupts syrup, continues to feed after full-bloom stage again.
6. the pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described in when laying bumblebee beehive, get out the syrup of feeding, period need not add.
7. the pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described honeybee beehive changes a syrup in 2 ~ 5 days.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105409519A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-03-23 | 贵州省现代农业发展研究所 | Method for enhancing and improving yield and quality of vaccnium uliginosum by pollination |
| CN107980727A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-04 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of production method of the special blueberry honey of high-end cigarette |
| CN109220900A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-18 | 安徽省王巢食品有限公司 | A method of first-class honey is acquired using worker bee food intake |
| CN110537487A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-12-06 | 贵州省生物研究所 | pollination method for improving yield of blueberries |
| WO2020041932A1 (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-03-05 | 陈念枢 | Method for adjusting time that bees are outside hive to be synchronous with flowering phase of fructus amomi, and cultivation method for fructus amomi |
| CN112167053A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-05 | 青岛市畜牧兽医研究所(青岛市畜牧工作站) | Method for pollinating greenhouse blueberries by combining bumblebees and bees |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105409519A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-03-23 | 贵州省现代农业发展研究所 | Method for enhancing and improving yield and quality of vaccnium uliginosum by pollination |
| CN107980727A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-04 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of production method of the special blueberry honey of high-end cigarette |
| CN109220900A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-18 | 安徽省王巢食品有限公司 | A method of first-class honey is acquired using worker bee food intake |
| WO2020041932A1 (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-03-05 | 陈念枢 | Method for adjusting time that bees are outside hive to be synchronous with flowering phase of fructus amomi, and cultivation method for fructus amomi |
| CN110537487A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-12-06 | 贵州省生物研究所 | pollination method for improving yield of blueberries |
| CN112167053A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-05 | 青岛市畜牧兽医研究所(青岛市畜牧工作站) | Method for pollinating greenhouse blueberries by combining bumblebees and bees |
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Effective date of registration: 20160615 Address after: 266400 Shandong Province, Qingdao city Huangdao District tiejue road 1887 Applicant after: Qingdao Wolin Blueberry Fruit Industry Co., Ltd. Address before: 100080 Beijing City, Haidian District Road No. 6 6 South Square Applicant before: Jia Wo Group Co.,Ltd |
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