CN104426425A - Inertial power generation device with power generating unit and acceleration direction detection device - Google Patents
Inertial power generation device with power generating unit and acceleration direction detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104426425A CN104426425A CN201310403328.3A CN201310403328A CN104426425A CN 104426425 A CN104426425 A CN 104426425A CN 201310403328 A CN201310403328 A CN 201310403328A CN 104426425 A CN104426425 A CN 104426425A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an inertial power generation device and an acceleration direction detection device. The power generating device comprises a base, power generating units and a movable body, wherein the power generating units are fixedly connected with the base, the movable body is not fixedly connected with the base, and when the movable body is in contact with the power generating units and generates mutual acting force with the power generating unit, the power generating units can convert work made by the acting force generated on the power generating units by the movable body into electric energy. Through detecting electric signals generated by the different power generating units, the inertial direction and the acceleration direction of the whole device can be determined. The low-intensity and unstable mechanical energy generally existing in the natural field can be converted into the electric energy, and wide application prospects are realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nanometer generating and apply relevant technical field, being specifically related to a kind of inertia generating set and the acceleration direction checkout gear with generator unit.
Background technology
In today of microelectronics and material technology high speed development, the novel microelectronic device with several functions and Highgrade integration is constantly developed in a large number, and shows unprecedented application prospect in the every field of people's daily life.But, and the research of power-supply system that these microelectronic devices mate but relatively lags behind, in general, the power supply of these microelectronic devices is all directly or indirectly come from battery.Not only volume is comparatively large for battery, heavier mass, and the poisonous chemical confrontation environment contained and human body exist potential harm.
In order to the Conversion of Energy existed in a variety of manners by occurring in nature is electric energy, the most frequently used method utilizes electromagnetic induction principle.The contrive equipment designed in accordance with this principle, needs in advance various forms of energy to be first converted into mechanical energy, is converted into electric energy by electromagnetic induction.Such as driven by the hydraulic turbine, steam turbine, diesel engine or other dynamic power machine, by current, air-flow, the Conversion of Energy that fuel combustion or nuclear fission produce is pass to induction generator after mechanical energy, then is converted to electric energy by generator.But this generator all needs the energy input of Relatively centralized, large intensity, for produce in people's daily routines and energy that intensity that nature exists is less, substantially all it effectively cannot be converted into electric energy.Meanwhile, the volume of conventional electric generators is comparatively large, complex structure, cannot use as the power supply component of microelectronic device.Therefore, if the less changes mechanical energy of the intensity that motion, vibration etc. can be existed naturally is electric energy, will be extremely important.
In addition, existing acceleration measurement device often needs external power supply, which has limited the application of accelerometer.A kind ofly do not rely on external power source and directly can the acceleration measurement device of sense acceleration if can design, then will greatly improve its using value.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
A technical problem to be solved by this invention be current Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) cannot effectively utilize occurring in nature by shaking, impact, wind-force or the less and mechanical energy of instability of tide equal strength.
Another problem to be solved by this invention is that existing acceleration direction checkout gear must rely on external power source, thus causes its application by the restriction of external environment.
(2) technical scheme
The present invention proposes a kind of inertia generating set, comprise pedestal, generator unit, also comprise kinetoplast, described generator unit is fixedly connected with described pedestal, described kinetoplast is not fixedly connected with described pedestal, wherein, when described kinetoplast to contact with described generator unit and produces interaction force with this generator unit, described kinetoplast can be converted into electric energy to the active force work that it produces by described generator unit at least partially.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, when described kinetoplast is subject to the inertia force relative to described pedestal, this kinetoplast contacts with described generator unit and produces interaction force with this generator unit.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, the distance between described generator unit and described kinetoplast is restricted within the scope of one, so that the two random repeatedly touching can occur under the effect of the inertia force of the random different directions occurred.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, described pedestal is the cavity body structure of hollow, and described generator unit and described kinetoplast are all positioned at the inside of described pedestal.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, described pedestal is the airtight cavity of hollow.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, described pedestal is a columnar housing, and described kinetoplast is a columniform roller, and described generator unit has multiple, and they are evenly arranged on the inner surface of described housing.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, described pedestal is the spheroid housing of hollow, and described kinetoplast is a spin, and described generator unit has multiple, and is fixed on the inwall of this housing with the form be spacedly distributed.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, described generator unit comprises nanometer generating material.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, described generator unit comprises top electrode stacked successively from top to bottom, the first frictional layer, elastomer isolators, the second frictional layer and hearth electrode, wherein, described top electrode and described first frictional layer close proximity form upper part, and described hearth electrode and described second frictional layer close proximity form lower part; Described first frictional layer and the second frictional layer are in different positions in friction electrode sequence; Described elastomer isolators is connected with lower part with upper part respectively, and makes: without External Force Acting in described upper part time, described first frictional layer and described second frictional layer are separated at a certain distance mutually; When upper part is subject to the active force towards described lower part, described upper part can move towards described lower part and contact described lower part; Further, when the active force towards described lower part that described upper part is subject to reduces or disappear, described upper part can move away from described lower part.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, described elastomer isolators is the elastomer be made up of insulating material.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, described elastomer isolators is connected on the contact-making surface of described first frictional layer and described second frictional layer, or is connected to the side of described upper part or lower part.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, described elastomer isolators is contained in the counterbore being opened in described first frictional layer and/or described second frictional layer.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, described generator unit comprises the top electrode of stacked close contact from top to bottom, dielectric layer, piezoelectric layer and hearth electrode.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, described piezoelectric layer comprises piezoelectric membrane or piezoelectric nano structural material.
The present invention also proposes a kind of acceleration direction checkout gear, it is characterized in that, comprise described inertia generating set, this inertia generating set comprises multiple generator unit being arranged at the diverse location of described pedestal, the signal of telecommunication produced by measuring different generator unit determines the direction of the inertia force that described kinetoplast is subject to, thus records the acceleration direction of this acceleration direction checkout gear.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, described acceleration direction checkout gear is for detecting the acceleration direction of two dimension, described pedestal is the housing of a hollow, be distributed on the inner surface of described housing to described multiple generator unit plane symmetry, described kinetoplast is at a move in plane of enclosure interior.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, described acceleration direction checkout gear is for detecting three-dimensional acceleration direction, described pedestal is the housing of a hollow, brown multiple generator unit be arranged in centrosymmetric mode on the inner surface of described housing, described kinetoplast can make three-dimensional space motion in described enclosure interior.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, have multiple Flexible Connector between described kinetoplast and housing, described multiple described Flexible Connector is evenly distributed between described kinetoplast and housing.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, when not being subject to External Force Acting, described kinetoplast is positioned at the center of the structure that described shell inner surface surrounds.
(3) beneficial effect
Present invention utilizes electrostatic and piezo-electric generating principle, can by less for ubiquitous for nature intensity and the changes mechanical energy of instability is electric energy.
Structure of the present invention is simple, with low cost, and widely applicable, not by the restriction of external environment.
Acceleration direction checkout gear of the present invention does not need external power source, can be applied to various complex environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic with the inertia generating set of generator unit of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of generator unit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is upper and lower two parts of generator unit of the present invention produce electric energy schematic diagram when the direction perpendicular to lamination surface is moved;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of operating state generation electric energy of generator unit of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the principle assumption diagram of piezo-electric generating unit;
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of the tubular Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the first embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of Fig. 7 to be the generator unit of the tubular Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the first embodiment of the present invention be triboelectricity unit;
Fig. 8 is the structure chart of the inertia generating set of the second embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The material of differentiated friction electrode sequence can produce electrostatic charge when relative motion, utilizes this electric charge, and mechanical energy during this relative motion just can be converted to electric energy by us.Therefore, electrostatic generating technology occurring in nature can be utilized to exist various mechanical energy to produce electric energy.
According to the general principle of above-mentioned electrostatic generating, the present invention constructs a kind of inertia generating set, comprising there being generator unit.When external force is done work to inertia generating set, this external force is converted into the inertia force to generator unit by this inertia generating set, and this inertia force produces electric energy to generator unit generation effect.
Further, by further structure, the electric energy that the present invention utilizes generator unit to produce and send the signal of telecommunication, and make the direction of this signal of telecommunication and inertia force there is corresponding relation, thus the direction (opposite direction of inertia force or the opposite direction close to inertia force) of external force can be determined according to the direction of inertia force.Generator unit is arranged on the symmetric position (two dimension or three dimensions) of housing shell inner surface, when the External Force Acting in certain direction is on generator, inner kinetoplast applies the effect of power to generator unit along the opposite direction of external force, corresponding generator unit can produce the signal of telecommunication, by obtaining to the detection of this signal of telecommunication the direction that generator is subject to external force.
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic with the inertia generating set of generator unit of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, this inertia generating set has pedestal 10, generator unit 20 and kinetoplast 30, described generator unit 20 is fixedly connected with described pedestal 10, and described kinetoplast 30 is not fixedly connected with (can be movable relatively) with described pedestal 10.When described kinetoplast 30 to contact with described generator unit 20 and produces interaction force with this generator unit 20, described kinetoplast 30 can be converted into electric energy to the active force work that it produces by described generator unit 20 at least partially.
When shown in Fig. 1, inertia generating set is subject to the external force (relative to ground) acted on pedestal 10, pedestal 10 together with generator unit 20 to upper left side with acceleration a accelerated motion time, kinetoplast 30 can be subject to an inertia force F to the right contrary with the direction of acceleration a relative to pedestal 10, and F=ma (m is the quality of kinetoplast 30).Kinetoplast 30 is also subject to the effect of gravity G usually, and due to the acting in conjunction of inertia force F and gravity G, kinetoplast 30 can move to the right relative to pedestal 10, and likely touches with generator unit 20 and produce the interaction of power.Due to the interaction force of generator unit 20 and kinetoplast 30, kinetoplast 30 may oppress generator unit 20, also may in the surface sliding of generator unit 20 or rolling.Fig. 1 shows the situation that kinetoplast 30 rolls.
When kinetoplast 30 is subject to inertia force effect and moves relative to generator unit 20 and touch generator unit 20, generator unit 20 can be subject to the power applied by kinetoplast 30.When Fig. 1, generator unit 20 is subject to downward pressure F
pforce of rolling friction F to the right
fthe effect of making a concerted effort.As described pressure F
por frictional force F
fwhen doing work to this generator unit 20, due to the characteristic of generator unit, lower surface forms opposite polarity charge inducing respectively thereon, produces induced potential thus.By being connected to the terminal of upper and lower surface, the electric energy that this induced potential contains can be collected.Like this, this generator unit 20 can the external force directly acting on pedestal 10 and the changes mechanical energy produced is electric energy.
Described pedestal 10 can have any spatial form, such as plate shape, groove type, cylindrical, spherical etc., as long as it can stationary power generation unit 20.Further, pedestal 10 can be made up of any applicable material, and can be made up of discrete component, or is formed by multiple elements combination.
Preferably, the distance between described generator unit 20 and kinetoplast 30 is restricted within the scope of one, so that the two random repeatedly touching can occur under the effect of the inertia force of the random different directions occurred.Such as, described kinetoplast 30 is connected on described pedestal 10 by least one flexible member.
More preferably, described pedestal 10 is cavity body structures of hollow, and described generator unit 20 and kinetoplast 30 are all positioned at the inside of pedestal 10.Thus, kinetoplast 30 can be restricted to the inside of described pedestal 10, and at the internal motion of pedestal 10 under the effect of inertia force.
More preferably, described pedestal 10 is airtight cavities of a hollow, and namely the inside of pedestal 10 and outside spatially completely cut off mutually.Thus, pedestal 10 can play the protection kinetoplast 30 of pedestal 10 inside and the effect of generator unit 20, also can make the impact of motion from external environment of kinetoplast 30, therefore be more suitable for being applied in complex environment, such as, be placed in seawater.
Although kinetoplast 30 of the present invention can be made up of the object of any shape with quality, as a rule, it is made up of solid material, but does not get rid of and comprise partially liq or gas.The shape of kinetoplast 30 both can be spheroidal, cylindrical, olive shape, square etc., also can be other shapes matched with generator unit 20, such as gear shape etc.Described kinetoplast 30 can be solid construction, also can be hollow-core construction.
The character of described kinetoplast 30 material, without particular determination, can be conductor, insulator etc., also can according to the Material selec-tion of the generator unit the superiors.
Described generator unit 20 can be made up of existing any generator unit, as long as it can produce electric energy under external force.But the present invention is particularly preferably and adopts nanometer generating unit, to improve the energy conversion efficiency of generator unit.For example, described generator unit 20 can be triboelectricity unit or piezo-electric generating unit etc.
According to a further aspect in the invention, when described inertia generating set comprise multiple be arranged at the generator unit 20 of the diverse location of described pedestal 10 time, the signal of telecommunication produced by measuring different generator unit 20 determines the direction of the inertia force that described kinetoplast 30 is subject to, thus records the acceleration direction of this acceleration direction checkout gear.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the triboelectricity unit that the present invention adopts.See Fig. 2, this generator unit 20 comprises stacked successively from top to bottom top electrode 211, first frictional layer 212, elastomer isolators 210, second frictional layer 213 and hearth electrode 214.Top electrode 211 and the first frictional layer 212 close proximity (being also called upper part at this), hearth electrode 214 and the second frictional layer 213 close proximity (being also called lower part at this), described first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213 are in different positions in friction electrode sequence.Elastomer isolators 210 is connected with lower part with upper part respectively, and makes: make the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213 mutually separate certain distance when acting on upper part without external force (in addition to the gravitational force); And when upper part is subject to the active force towards lower part, upper part can move towards lower part and contact lower part; When the active force towards lower part that upper part is subject to reduces or disappear, upper part can move away from lower part.
Upper and lower two parts that Fig. 3 shows generator unit of the present invention produce the schematic diagram of electric energy when the direction perpendicular to lamination surface is moved.As shown in (A) figure of Fig. 3, under the initial condition not having external force, between the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213, there is certain interval.When kinetoplast 30 applies an active force in generator unit 20, elastomer isolators 210 is compressed, and the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213 is contacted with each other surface charge transfer occurs, and forms layer of surface contact electric charge, see (B) figure of Fig. 3.Because the lower surface of the first frictional layer 212 and the material of the second frictional layer 213 upper surface have different friction electrode sequences, second frictional layer 213 surface produces the electric charge of a type (at this, for positive charge), and the first frictional layer 212 surface produces the electric charge (being negative electrical charge accordingly in this instance) of another kind of type, the electricity size of two kinds of electric charges is identical, therefore between top electrode 211 and hearth electrode 214, do not have electrical potential difference, just there is no flow of charge yet.When kinetoplast 30 is away from generator unit 20, under the elastic reaction of elastomer isolators 210, first frictional layer 212 is separated with the second frictional layer 213, the entirety be now made up of top electrode 211 and the first frictional layer 212 has clean surplus negative electrical charge, and the entirety that hearth electrode 214 and the second friction element 201 are formed has clean surplus positive charge, therefore between top electrode 211 and hearth electrode 214, create electrical potential difference.For balancing this electrical potential difference, electronics flows into hearth electrode 214 by external circuit by top electrode 211, thus produces by the transient current of hearth electrode 214 to top electrode 211, see (C) figure of Fig. 3 at external circuit.When the first frictional layer 212 gets back to initial position, electric charge between it and the second frictional layer 213 all reaches balance, between top electrode 211 and hearth electrode 214, do not have electrical potential difference, also just do not have electric current to produce at external circuit, (D) figure see Fig. 3 is shown).When kinetoplast 30 applies active force again in generator unit 20, elastomer isolators 210 is compressed again, the spacing of the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213 diminishes again, the positive charge on the second frictional layer 213 surface strengthens the repulsive interaction of positive charge in top electrode 211, the negative electrical charge on the first frictional layer 212 surface also strengthens the sucking action of positive charge in hearth electrode 214 simultaneously, causes the electrical potential difference between top electrode 211 and hearth electrode 214 to reduce thus.For balancing this electrical potential difference further, electronics flows into top electrode 211 by external circuit by hearth electrode 214, thus produces the transient current contrary with first time direction, see (E) figure of Fig. 3 at external circuit.After the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213 come in contact again, repeat the situation of (B) figure to (E) figure of Fig. 3 above.As can be seen here, triboelectricity unit, under the effect of kinetoplast 30, can impel the first frictional layer 212 to come in contact with the second frictional layer 13 and be separated, and forms pulse electrical signal.
Described elastomer isolators 210 is made up of elastomer, and it can compress and reply under external pressure effect.It can be spring, elastic sponge or elastic caoutchouc etc., but, in order to not affect the CHARGE DISTRIBUTION of the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213, being preferably insulating material and making.
Elastomer isolators 210 can be determined as required with the connected mode of upper part, lower part, as long as ensure not hinder the first frictional layer 212 contact with each other with the second frictional layer 213 and be separated.Its link position can be on the contact-making surface of the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213, also can be arranged on the side in upper part or lower part.
When elastomer isolators 210 is arranged on the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213 contact-making surface, by tactile face being arranged the counterbore (not shown) being exclusively used in and holding elastomer isolators 210 on described first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213, when putting on upper part with convenient applied external force and the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213 are contacted, elastomer isolators 210 can be contained in this counterbore completely by compressing.Counterbore can be arranged in one of them of the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213, also can be arranged in the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213 simultaneously.
First frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213 are in different positions in friction electrode sequence, and therefore the two can produce contact electric charge in the process come in contact or rub on surface.Conventional insulating material all has triboelectric characteristics, all as the material preparing the present invention first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213, some conventional insulating material can be enumerated herein and sorted to negative polarity by positive polarity according to friction electrode sequence: aniline-formaldehyde resin, polyformaldehyde, ethyl cellulose, polyamide 11, polyamide 6-6, wool and braid thereof, silk and fabric thereof, paper, polyethylene glycol succinate, cellulose, cellulose acetate, polyethyleneglycol adipate, polydiallyl phthalate, regenerated cellulosic sponge, cotton and fabric thereof, polyurethane elastomer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, Styrene-Butadiene, wood, hard rubber, acetate, staple fibre, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester (terylene), polyisobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, PETG, polyvinyl butyral resin, hycar, neoprene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, poly-(vinylidene chloride-co-acrylonitrile), poly bisphenol carbonic ester, CPPG, polyvinylidene chloride, poly-(2,6-dimethyl polyphenylene oxide), polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-diphenyl propane carbonic ester, PETG, polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, dimethyl silicone polymer, polytrifluorochloroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene.
Relative to insulator, semiconductor and metal all have the triboelectric characteristics easily losing electronics, in the list of friction electrode sequence, be often positioned at end place.Therefore, semiconductor and metal also can as the materials of preparation first frictional layer 212 or the second frictional layer 213.Conventional semiconductor comprises silicon, germanium; III and V compounds of group, such as GaAs, gallium phosphide etc.; II and VI compounds of group, such as cadmium sulfide, zinc sulphide etc.; And the solid solution to be made up of III-V and II-VI group compound, such as gallium aluminum arsenide, gallium arsenic phosphide etc.Except above-mentioned Crystalline Semiconductors, also have amorphous glass semiconductor, organic semiconductor etc.Non-conductive oxide, conductor oxidate and complex oxide also have triboelectric characteristics, surface charge can be formed at friction process, therefore also frictional layer of the present invention can be used as, the such as oxide of manganese, chromium, iron, copper, also comprises silica, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, cupric oxide, zinc oxide, BiO
2and Y
2o
3; Conventional metal comprises gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy formed by above-mentioned metal.Certainly, other materials with conductive characteristic can also be used to serve as the frictional layer material easily losing electronics, such as indium tin oxide ITO.
Reason as space is limited; can not carry out exhaustive to all possible material; the concrete material as frictional layer herein listed is only a kind of example; obviously these concrete materials can not become the restrictive factor of scope; because under enlightenment of the present invention, those skilled in the art is easy to the material selecting other similar according to the triboelectric characteristics that these materials have.
Found through experiments, when the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213 material electronic capability difference larger (namely far away in the difference of the position in electrode sequence that rubs) time, the signal of telecommunication of electrostatic triboelectricity unit output is stronger.So, according to actual needs, suitable material can be selected prepare the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213, to obtain better output effect.
Hearth electrode 214 and top electrode 211 need there is good contact property between frictional layer, can adopt carry out sputtering on frictional layer surface, the method for evaporation etc. is prepared.Electrode material can select conventional electrode material, can be selected from metal, conductive oxide and conducting polymer.Metal can be selected from gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy formed by above-mentioned metal.
Upper and lower two parts describing generator unit of the present invention produce the principle of electric energy when the direction perpendicular to lamination surface is moved.This is a kind of more satisfactory situation, and in a practical situation, kinetoplast 30 applies the active force of active force when generator unit 20 often not necessarily perpendicular to the direction of lamination surface, and is likely arbitrary direction.Like this, the upper part of generator unit 20 is usual also along with friction when contacting with lower part.And for generator unit, rubbing action also can produce electric energy.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of another operating state generation electric energy of electrostatic triboelectricity unit of the present invention.In example as shown in Figure 4, described kinetoplast 30 is a spheroid, under inertia force effect, when kinetoplast 30 moves towards generator unit 20 and is rolled to the upper surface of generator unit 20, kinetoplast 30 can make elastomer isolators 210 progressively compress, as shown in (A) figure of Fig. 4; When kinetoplast 30 continues to roll, if (B) figure of Fig. 4 is with shown in (C) figure, with similarly front, the lower surface of described first frictional layer 212 contacts gradually with the upper surface of the second frictional layer 213 and rubs, because the first frictional layer 212 and the second frictional layer 213 are in different positions in friction electrode sequence, therefore triboelectric charge is produced respectively at the lower surface of the first frictional layer 212 and the upper surface of the second frictional layer 213, along with the separation of upper and lower frictional layer, the electric charge on top electrode layer 211 and bottom electrode layer 214 gets more and more.As shown in (D) figure of Fig. 4, when kinetoplast 30 rolls out generator unit, under the effect of elastomer isolators 210, the first frictional layer 212 is separated along the direction vertical with the tangent line on the surface that contacts with each other with the second frictional layer 213, generation current on external circuits.
In addition, described generator unit 30 also can be piezo-electric generating unit.Fig. 5 is the exemplary block diagram of piezo-electric generating unit.As shown in Figure 5, this generator unit 30 comprises top electrode 221, dielectric layer 222, piezoelectric layer 223, the hearth electrode 224 of stacked close contact from top to bottom.
With the triboelectricity unit class shown in Fig. 2 seemingly, the top electrode 221 of piezo-electric generating unit and hearth electrode 224 can select conventional electrode material, such as, can be selected from metal, conductive oxide and conducting polymer.Metal can be selected from gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy formed by above-mentioned metal.
The material of described dielectric layer 222 can be polymer, as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), PI (pi), PET (PETG), PS (polystyrene) etc.
The material of described piezoelectric layer 223 can be any piezoelectric membrane or piezoelectric nano structural material, such as: ZnO, Pb (Zr, Ti) O
3, BaTiO
3, GaN etc. film, nano wire or nanometer rods etc.The material of piezoelectric layer is preferably the nano wire of the wurtzite structure piezoelectrics such as ZnO, GaN.ZnO is adopted for piezoelectric nanowire layer, first in PI (polyimides) substrate 1 of thickness about 50 μm, deposit Cr/Au bottom electrode, the ZnO Seed Layer that sputtering one deck 50nm is thick, then Hydrothermal Growth ZnO nano-wire layer is carried out, the basic vertical and described substrate of orientation of piezoelectric nanowire.Grown the dielectric layer PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) of rear spin coating a layer thickness about 2 μm, then deposited Cr/Au top electrode thereon, upper/lower electrode is drawn by electrode outlet line, completes the preparation of piezo-electric generating unit.
The operation principle of piezo-electric generating unit is: when kinetoplast 30 applies a pressure in top electrode 221, when this pressure effect causes piezoelectric layer 223 that deformation occurs, and piezoelectric layer 223 inside can by strain generation corresponding piezoelectric field.Due to the effect of charge inducing, this piezoelectric field can make the surface of top electrode and hearth electrode produce electrical potential difference, produce energy of position, the electronics of this electrical potential difference meeting and then driving external circuit is from one end electrode stream to other end electrode, thus formation electric current, until the electronics that electrode is accumulated and piezoelectric field reach balance; And when applied stress unloads time, the electrical potential difference formed by piezoelectric field disappears, the electrons that one of them electrode accumulates is flowed back to by rightabout, material is thus formed a current signal exchanged.
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
< first embodiment >
First embodiment is a kind of inertia generating set of tubular.Fig. 6 shows the cross-sectional view of this tubular Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT).See Fig. 6, this inertia generating set comprises a columnar housing 11 (pedestal), be evenly arranged on multiple generator units 21 on the inner surface (namely non-perpendicular to top surface and the basal surface of the central axis of cylinder) of housing 11 and a columniform roller 31, wherein, roller 31 is placed in the cavity in housing 11.When housing 11 is subject to the effect of external force, roller 31 moves in housing 11 because of inertia force.Described generator unit 21 outwards exports the signal of telecommunication under the effect of described roller 31.
In this embodiment, the gap between multiple generator unit 21 is less than the diameter of cylindrical roller 31, so that roller 31 can not be stuck between each generator unit, and rolls above each anti-electrostatic unit 21 all the time or collision.Further, each top electrode of each generator unit can be in parallel, and each hearth electrode also can be in parallel, outwards exports so that formation is connected to lead-out terminal jointly.
Except the gap between restriction generator unit, also can limit its motion by roller 31 being carried out resiliently mounted mode, being unlikely to be stuck.Such as one or more spring is set between housing 11 and roller 31.
Fig. 7 works as the schematic diagram that generator unit is triboelectricity unit.
Be the spheroid described housing 11 being made a hollow to a kind of distortion of this embodiment, multiple generator unit 21 is fixed on the inwall of this housing 11 by the form be spacedly distributed, a spin is placed in the cavity in this housing 21.Thus, when housing is subject to the External Force Acting in any direction, spin all can be rolled in enclosure interior or slide, and these mechanical movements act on the generator unit 21 of its surrounding and produce electric energy.
< second embodiment >
Second embodiment is the alternate embodiment of the first embodiment.Fig. 8 shows the structure chart of this second embodiment.As shown in Figure 8, with the first embodiment unlike, generator unit 21 is placed in the inner side of housing 11, kinetoplast in housing 11 is the rolling element 31 that can not carry out rolling, but one is merely able to the translation body 32 carrying out translation, and, there is between translation body 32 and housing 11 elastic connection element 41, be 4 in this example, as shown in Figure 8.
In this embodiment, housing 11 can be any shape, and is not limited to tubular.When housing 11 is subject to External Force Acting, translation body 32 reciprocating in housing 11 (arrow B direction), produces the effect of power to the generator unit 21 of case inside respectively and produces electric energy.
< the 3rd embodiment >
3rd embodiment is a kind of acceleration direction checkout gear.Acceleration direction checkout gear is the further improvement on the basis of inertia generating set of the present invention.As previously mentioned, the mechanical energy that the inertia force acted on kinetoplast produces can be converted to the signal of telecommunication by the generator unit in inertia generating set, therefore, by multiple generator unit is arranged at different orientation, the signal of telecommunication that each generator unit is produced accurately reflects the direction of motion of kinetoplast, further, by the further design to kinetoplast, its direction of motion is made accurately to reflect the direction of its inertia force be subject to.Like this, by measuring the signal of telecommunication that each generator unit produces, the direction of the inertia force that kinetoplast is subject to can just be measured.Contrary with the acceleration direction of matrix according to the inertia force that kinetoplast is subject to, thus obtain the acceleration of matrix.
As previously mentioned, inertia generating set of the present invention can be the inertia generating set of one 360 ° (in two-dimensional spaces) or 4 π (three dimensions) omnibearing stereo, therefore, as the acceleration direction checkout gear that acceleration direction checkout gear can be omnibearing stereo, automatic control, micromechanics and the navigation system of aircraft can be applied to.
That is, described pedestal is the housing of a hollow, utilizes the signal of telecommunication that in housing, the generator unit of diverse location produces to export, can produce the acceleration direction checkout gear that has symmetrical structure.This acceleration direction checkout gear does not need additional power source, is a kind of self-driven acceleration direction checkout gear.
The acceleration direction checkout gear of two dimension, housing can be the axially symmetric structure housings such as cylinder, spherical, prism, the distribution of multiple generator unit plane symmetry on an interior surface of the housing, and it is basic in a plane, kinetoplast can at a move in plane in enclosure interior, when inertia generating set is subject to External Force Acting, kinetoplast can produce the generator unit in certain direction and clash into or extruding, the electrode of this generator unit can produce the signal of telecommunication, by detecting that namely the position of the generator unit of the signal of telecommunication can know that generator is subject to the direction of power.
For the acceleration direction checkout gear of three-dimensional, housing can be the centrosymmetric structure housings such as spherical, cube, multiple generator unit arranges on an interior surface of the housing in centrosymmetric mode, kinetoplast can at three-dimensional space motion in enclosure interior, when generator is subject to External Force Acting, kinetoplast can produce the generator unit in certain direction and clash into or extruding, the electrode of this generator unit can produce the signal of telecommunication, by detecting that namely the position of the generator unit of the signal of telecommunication can know that generator is subject to the direction of power.If to be applied on aircraft etc. as gyroscope, the information such as gyrostatic yawing moment can be determined according to the signal of telecommunication detected.
Flexible Connector (similar Fig. 8) can also be increased between kinetoplast and housing, make the direction of motion of kinetoplast not be arbitrary, and after the effect of a power, repeatedly same generator unit can be acted on.Multiple described Flexible Connector is evenly distributed between kinetoplast and housing, and the top of each Flexible Connector is connected to the outer surface of kinetoplast, and bottom is connected to the inner surface of housing.
By the Electrode connection of multiple generator unit in multichannel measuring apparatus, can be used for detecting the direction being applied to external force on acceleration direction checkout gear.The multichannel measuring apparatus adopted, without particular/special requirement, as long as there is the recording equipment of multipair input to apply, can detect the output signal of different generator unit.
The acceleration direction checkout gear that the present embodiment provides, when aircraft automatically controls or uses in locator, without the need to providing power supply, aircraft automatically can be responded in 360 ° (in two-dimensional spaces) or 4 π (three dimensions) omnibearing attitude.Acceleration direction checkout gear provided by the invention, is a kind of self-driven gyroscope completely newly, can be applied in the field such as aircraft, micromechanics.
Preferably, when acceleration direction checkout gear is not subject to described External Force Acting, kinetoplast surrounds the center of structure generally within shell inner surface.
In sum, the present invention can adhere to multiple generator unit in the inside of pedestal, and like this, just can collect the mechanical energy of multiple directions, and be changed into electric energy, therefore electricity collection efficiency is higher.
Further, the present invention preferably adopts the pedestal of enclosed construction, therefore can be applied in various environment.Generator of the present invention not only can reclaim the energy that vibrations, current, tide or wind-force produce.
In addition, the present invention by designing from structure, perception can be subject to the direction of power by producing the position of induced potential or electric current, and by the effect of kinetoplast and generator unit, the direction being subject to power be passed to the external world.Therefore, the present invention as two dimension or three-dimensional inertia and mechanical sensing device, can be applied to automatic control, micromechanics and the navigation system of aircraft.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. an inertia generating set, comprise pedestal (10), generator unit (20), it is characterized in that, also comprise kinetoplast (30), described generator unit (20) is fixedly connected with described pedestal (10), described kinetoplast (30) is not fixedly connected with described pedestal (10), wherein
When described kinetoplast (30) to contact with described generator unit (20) and produces interaction force with this generator unit (20), described kinetoplast (30) can be converted into electric energy to the active force work that it produces by described generator unit (20) at least partially.
2. inertia generating set as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when described kinetoplast (30) is subject to the inertia force relative to described pedestal (10), this kinetoplast (30) contacts with described generator unit (20) and produces interaction force with this generator unit (20).
3. inertia generating set as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, distance between described generator unit (20) and described kinetoplast (30) is restricted within the scope of one, so that the two random repeatedly touching can occur under the effect of the inertia force of the random different directions occurred.
4. the inertia generating set as described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described pedestal (10) is the cavity body structure of hollow, and described generator unit (20) and described kinetoplast (30) are all positioned at the inside of described pedestal (10).
5. inertia generating set as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described pedestal (10) is the airtight cavity of hollow.
6. the inertia generating set as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that, described pedestal (10) is a columnar housing (11), described kinetoplast is a columniform roller (31), described generator unit (21) has multiple, and they are evenly arranged on the inner surface of described housing (11).
7. the inertia generating set as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that, described pedestal (10) is the spheroid housing (11) of hollow, described kinetoplast (30) is a spin, described generator unit has multiple, and is fixed on the inwall of this housing (11) with the form be spacedly distributed.
8. the inertia generating set as described in any one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, described generator unit (20) comprises top electrode (211) stacked successively from top to bottom, the first frictional layer (212), elastomer isolators (210), the second frictional layer (213) and hearth electrode (214), wherein
Described top electrode (211) and described first frictional layer (212) close proximity form upper part, and described hearth electrode (214) and described second frictional layer (213) close proximity form lower part;
Described first frictional layer (212) and the second frictional layer (213) are in different positions in friction electrode sequence;
Described elastomer isolators (210) is connected with lower part with described upper part respectively, and make: without External Force Acting in described upper part time, described first frictional layer (212) and described second frictional layer (213) are separated at a certain distance mutually; When upper part is subject to the active force towards described lower part, described upper part can move towards described lower part and contact described lower part; Further, when the active force towards described lower part that described upper part is subject to reduces or disappear, described upper part can move away from described lower part.
9. inertia generating set as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described elastomer isolators (210) is the elastomer be made up of insulating material.
10. inertia generating set as claimed in claim 8 or 9, it is characterized in that, described elastomer isolators (210) is connected to described first frictional layer (212) with on the contact-making surface of described second frictional layer (213), or is connected to the side of described upper part or lower part.
11. inertia generating sets as claimed in claim 8 or 9, is characterized in that, described elastomer isolators is contained in the counterbore being opened in described first frictional layer (212) and/or described second frictional layer (213).
12. inertia generating sets according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described generator unit (30) comprises the top electrode (221) of stacked close contact from top to bottom, dielectric layer (222), piezoelectric layer (223) and hearth electrode (224).
13. inertia generating sets as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that, described piezoelectric layer (223) comprises piezoelectric membrane or piezoelectric nano structural material.
14. 1 kinds of acceleration direction checkout gears, it is characterized in that, comprise the inertia generating set according to any one of claim 1 to 13, this inertia generating set comprises multiple generator unit (20) being arranged at the diverse location of described pedestal (10), the signal of telecommunication produced by measuring different generator unit (30) determines the direction of the inertia force that described kinetoplast is subject to, thus records the acceleration direction of this acceleration direction checkout gear.
15. acceleration direction checkout gears as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, described pedestal (10) is the housing of a hollow, be distributed on the inner surface of described housing to described multiple generator unit (20) plane symmetry, described kinetoplast (30) is at a move in plane of enclosure interior.
16. acceleration direction checkout gears as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, described pedestal (10) is the housing of a hollow, described multiple generator unit (20) is arranged in centrosymmetric mode on the inner surface of described housing, and described kinetoplast (30) can make three-dimensional space motion in described enclosure interior.
17. acceleration direction checkout gears as described in claim 15 or 16, it is characterized in that, have multiple Flexible Connector between described kinetoplast (30) and housing (10), multiple described Flexible Connector is evenly distributed between described kinetoplast and housing.
18. acceleration direction checkout gears as claimed in claim 17, is characterized in that, when not being subject to External Force Acting, described kinetoplast (30) is positioned at the center of the structure that described shell inner surface surrounds.
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