CN104416881A - 一种高效组合型单螺杆 - Google Patents

一种高效组合型单螺杆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104416881A
CN104416881A CN201310402538.0A CN201310402538A CN104416881A CN 104416881 A CN104416881 A CN 104416881A CN 201310402538 A CN201310402538 A CN 201310402538A CN 104416881 A CN104416881 A CN 104416881A
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China
Prior art keywords
section
screw
feeding section
length
charging
Prior art date
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Pending
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CN201310402538.0A
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English (en)
Inventor
何德方
瞿敏栋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhangjiagang Beier Machinery Co Ltd
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Zhangjiagang Beier Machinery Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201310402538.0A priority Critical patent/CN104416881A/zh
Publication of CN104416881A publication Critical patent/CN104416881A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/59—Screws characterised by details of the thread, i.e. the shape of a single thread of the material-feeding screw
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/625—Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
    • B29C48/65—Screws with two or more threads neighbouring threads or channels having different configurations, e.g. one thread being lower than its neighbouring thread
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
    • B29C48/655—Screws with two or more threads having three or more threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种高效挤出“5段组合型螺杆”，依次为加料段、熔融段、混合段、限流段、计量段，加料段采用双头螺纹结构，熔融段采用主副螺纹分离结构，混合段是单头螺纹结构，限流段设置了直槽屏障，计量段采用混炼型结构。这种组合型螺杆的长径比要比普通螺杆长径比高出1/3。除了长径比大以外,高效挤出机螺杆的加料螺棱比较深,这样,加长加料段并加深加料段槽深增强了吃料能力。根据加工聚烯烃原料的不同，组合型螺杆长径比在34：1~40：1之间是得到最大产量的最佳参数。目前，直径为60mm的“5段组合型螺杆”,长径比为37：1,加工聚乙烯(PE100)时的产量可达1000kg/h,加工PP时的产量可达800kg/h。

Description

一种高效组合型单螺杆
技术领域
本发明属于塑料管材挤出的螺杆，特别是涉及一种塑料管材挤出的高效组合型单螺杆。具有转速高、长径比大、挤出产量和挤出质量高的特点。
背景技术
目前，公知的加工聚烯烃塑料管材的单螺杆的挤出产量比较低，其挤出产量远低于国外的先进水平。随着人们对高能效比和高产量的不断追求,高速化已成为塑料挤出加工技术的发展方向之一。普通单螺杆挤出机单纯用加大电机功率并改变减速比的方法提高现有普通单螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速或单纯增大螺杆长径比,都是现有结构特点上所不允许的。这就需要对螺杆结构及布局方式进行改进,以提高转速、增大长径比。
发明内容
为了克服现有普通单螺杆的挤出产量低的问题，本发明提供了一种高效挤出“5段组合型螺杆”，依次为加料段、熔融段（分离段）、混合段、限流段、计量段，加料段采用双头螺纹结构，这里熔融段也称分离段，在螺杆熔融段再附加一条螺纹，也就是熔融段由两条螺纹组成，这两条螺纹把原来一条螺纹所形成的螺槽分成两个螺槽。混合段是单头螺纹结构，限流段设置了直槽屏障，计量段采用混炼型结构。这种组合型螺杆的长径比要比普通螺杆长径比高出1/3。除了长径比大以外,高效挤出机螺杆的加料螺棱比较深,加长加料段并加深加料段槽深增强了吃料能力。根据加工聚烯烃原料的不同，组合型螺杆长径比在34：1~40：1之间是得到最大产量的最佳参数。目前，直径为60mm 的“5段组合型螺杆”,长径比为37：1,加工聚乙烯(PE100)时的产量可达1000kg/h,加工PP时的产量可达800kg/h。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图；
图2为图1中A-A剖视放大图；
图3为图1中A处局部放大图；
图4为图1中B-B剖视放大图；
图5为图1中C-C剖视放大图。
具体实施方式
本发明的结构示意图如图1所示，螺杆分为加料段1、熔融段2、混合段3、限流段4、计量段5五段。加料段1采用双头螺纹结构，加长加料段并加深加料段槽深可以增强吃料能力，熔融段2增加一条副螺棱，把原来一条螺纹所形成的螺槽分成两个螺槽。在塑化过程中形成固液相分离，固相料全部留于固相槽中，而固相槽中的气体则在压力的作用下向后自料斗中排出，减少了制品中的气泡。混合段3采用单头螺纹结构，将经过熔融段2的大部分已熔融物料与少部分未彻底熔融物料汇合；限流段4设立直槽屏障，在圆柱面上等距地开若干纵向沟槽，分为两组，一组为进料槽，其出口在轴向是封闭的，另一组为出料槽，其入口在轴向是封闭的，两组槽相间开设。熔融物料与未熔融物料通过该屏障段时受到强烈的剪切作用而产生很大的摩擦热，促进物料二次塑化；计量段5采用混炼型结构，通过多次分流、汇合、改变流动方向而对熔体温度进行均化。

Claims (3)

1.一种塑料管材挤出的高效组合型单螺杆，具有转速高、长径比大、挤出产量和挤出质量高的特点，其特征是：加料段采用双头螺纹结构，加长加料段并加深加料段槽深增强吃料能力；在熔融段增加一条副螺棱，把原来一条螺纹所形成的螺槽分成两个螺槽，也称主副螺纹，在计量段后增加了直槽屏障段。
2.根据权利要求1所述的螺杆，其特征在于长径比 (一般为30：1~40：1)比普通挤出机的长径比(24：1~30：1)高出1/3，加料段和熔融段占螺杆总长的2/3左右。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的螺杆，与它相配机筒内需沟槽，整个机筒长度均有螺纹沟槽,加料段的沟槽深,其他部分的沟槽浅。
CN201310402538.0A 2013-09-07 2013-09-07 一种高效组合型单螺杆 Pending CN104416881A (zh)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106696243A (zh) * 2015-07-27 2017-05-24 上海贝阳塑料机械科技有限公司 Pvc热收缩吹膜机
CN106827453A (zh) * 2017-01-19 2017-06-13 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 大长径比高效高速单螺杆
CN108724675A (zh) * 2018-06-11 2018-11-02 南京科森挤出装备有限公司 一种平行双螺杆挤出机增压的变棱螺纹套
CN113968009A (zh) * 2021-07-30 2022-01-25 漯河连邦化学有限公司 一种pvdc共挤基材膜及其制备方法和应用

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106696243A (zh) * 2015-07-27 2017-05-24 上海贝阳塑料机械科技有限公司 Pvc热收缩吹膜机
CN106827453A (zh) * 2017-01-19 2017-06-13 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 大长径比高效高速单螺杆
CN106827453B (zh) * 2017-01-19 2019-04-02 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 大长径比高效高速单螺杆
CN108724675A (zh) * 2018-06-11 2018-11-02 南京科森挤出装备有限公司 一种平行双螺杆挤出机增压的变棱螺纹套
CN113968009A (zh) * 2021-07-30 2022-01-25 漯河连邦化学有限公司 一种pvdc共挤基材膜及其制备方法和应用

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Application publication date: 20150318