CN104410136A - Interlaced modular Pack to Cell equalizer circuit and control method - Google Patents
Interlaced modular Pack to Cell equalizer circuit and control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an interlaced modular Pack to Cell equalizer circuit and a control method. According to the interlaced modular Pack to Cell equalizer circuit, a power battery pack is divided into M stages of battery modules, and each battery module comprises N individual batteries, wherein the Kth stage of battery module is connected with the input end of the kth stage of LC resonant transformation circuit and the output end of the kth stage of LC resonant transformation circuit is connected with the individual batteries of the (K+1)th stage of battery module through a selective switch module; by the analogy, the Mth stage of battery module is connected to the input end of the Mth stage of LC resonant transformation circuit and the output end of the Mth stage of LC resonant transformation circuit is connected with the individual batteries of the first stage of battery module by use of a switching module. The interlaced modular Pack to Cell equalizer circuit has the advantages that the balance between the modules can be realized without increasing an extra equalizer, the problem of discharging the individual batteries at the same time of performing charging equalization on the individual batteries in the battery pack of the traditional Pack to Cell equalizer circuit is solved, and the net equalizing current and the equalizing efficiency are effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Pack to Cell equalizing circuit and control method of deinterleaving block.
Background technology
As everyone knows, the whole world is faced with the unprecedented energy and environmental crisis.Electric automobile has the feature of energy-saving and environmental protection, is the critical path solving this major crisis.Energy density is high, self-discharge rate is low and do not have the advantages such as memory effect because having for lithium ion battery, is widely used in electric automobile and hybrid-electric car as power source.Due to the electric pressure of cell and active volume lower, must connecting, use in groups could the power needs of electric automobile.But series battery brings a severe problem: due to the difference of manufacture craft, battery cell can not be identical, there will be the imbalance of cell voltage in use for some time, this imbalance can cause overcharging of percentage of batteries monomer and cross puts, thus substantially reduces useful life and the active volume of power battery pack.Therefore, balanced management must be carried out to battery pack.Obviously, as one of the key technology of battery management system, the efficient balance of series battery has become a study hotspot.
According to energy flow, active equalization of battery can be divided into following four kinds: (1) Cell to Cell; (2) Cell to Pack; (3) Pack to Cell; (4) Any Cells to Any Cells.For the equalization methods of Cell to Cell, energy directly can transfer to the minimum battery cell of voltage from the battery cell that voltage is the highest, there is higher equalization efficiency, and be suitable for high voltage applications, but because the less power electronic device in addition of the voltage difference between battery cell exists conduction voltage drop, the euqalizing current of this method is very little, and therefore the method is not suitable for jumbo electrokinetic cell.For the equalization methods of Cell to Pack, energy transfers to the higher battery pack of voltage from the battery cell that voltage is lower, and equal power and efficiency are all lower, is also not suitable for jumbo electrokinetic cell.For the equalization methods of Any Cells to Any Cells, as Chinese utility model (patent No. ZL 201420265656.1) proposes a kind of Any Cells to Any Cells equalizing circuit based on switch matrix and LC resonant transformation, its balanced energy can be delivered to the combination of any battery cell from any battery cell combination, equalization efficiency is very high, but needs a large amount of diverter switches and Balance route is also very complicated.And for the equalization methods of Pack to Cell, equilibrium is each time all carry out energy supply by battery pack to the battery cell that voltage is minimum, can realize larger euqalizing current, is suitable for jumbo electrokinetic cell.
China's utility model (patent No. ZL 201420264864.X) proposes a kind of Pack to Cell equalizing circuit based on LC resonant transformation, this equalizing circuit is by use LC resonant transformation, achieve the Zero Current Switch transmission of energy battery cell minimum from battery pack to voltage, decrease energy dissipation, improve equalization efficiency.But the subject matter of this equalizing circuit is: when battery pack is to the battery cell charge balancing that voltage is minimum, also can discharge to this battery cell, its clean euqalizing current is less, also result in unnecessary energy dissipation simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to solve the problem, propose a kind of Pack to Cell equalizing circuit and control method of deinterleaving block, this circuit and control method realize the Zero Current Switch equilibrium of present battery group to adjacent next stage battery cell monomer by using M LC resonant transformation, decrease energy dissipation.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A Pack to Cell equalizing circuit for deinterleaving block, comprises microcontroller, address decoding circuitry, M level LC resonant transform circuit, selector switch module, filter capacitor and power battery pack; Power battery pack is divided into M level battery module, each battery module comprises N number of battery cell; Wherein K level battery module connects the input of K level LC resonant transform circuit, the output of K level LC resonant transform circuit passes through the battery cell of selector switch model calling K+1 level battery module, by that analogy, M level battery module connects the input of M level LC resonant transform circuit, and the output of M level LC resonant transform circuit passes through the battery cell of selector switch model calling the 1st grade of battery module;
Described microcontroller is connected with each battery cell and every one-level LC resonant transform circuit respectively; The input of described every one-level LC resonant transform circuit and output parallel filtering electric capacity respectively;
Described microcontroller judges the battery cell numbering that K+1 level battery module minimum voltage is corresponding, by selector switch module, by battery cell gating minimum for voltage in K+1 level battery module to the output of K level LC resonant transform circuit; The total voltage of K level battery module is as the input of K level LC resonant transform circuit; Meanwhile, the alternation of microprocessor controls K level LC resonant transform circuit is in charging and discharging two states.
Described microcontroller comprises pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part and general purpose I/O end, and wherein general purpose I/O end is divided into two parts;
Described general purpose I/O end is by voltage checking chip connecting single batteries, for converting the analog voltage signal of battery cell to digital signal, thus determine the battery cell numbering that battery cell that in every one-level battery pack, voltage is minimum is corresponding, described voltage checking chip is for detecting the voltage of battery cell.
Described pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part connects every one-level LC resonant transform circuit by the drive circuit of metal-oxide-semiconductor, for generation of the drive singal controlling metal-oxide-semiconductor switch.
Described general purpose I/O end is also by address decoding circuitry and selector switch model calling, for the battery cell that voltage in gating every one-level battery pack is minimum, the output when prime LC resonant transform circuit is connected to the battery cell that in next stage battery pack, voltage is minimum by selector switch module.
Described K level LC resonant transform circuit comprises: connect metal-oxide-semiconductor Q successively for one end of input
k1with diode D
k1after, connect two branch roads, one of them branch road is connected metal-oxide-semiconductor Q successively
k3with diode D
k3, another branch road series inductance L successively
k0with electric capacity C
k0one end; The other end series opposing diode D successively of input
k2with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
k2after, connect two branch roads, one of them branch road connects electric capacity C
k0the other end, another branch road series opposing diode D successively
k4with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
k4, wherein, K=1 ..., M.
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q in described K level LC resonant transform circuit
k1with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
k2by a road PWMk+ signal driving, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
k3with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
k4driven by the PWMK-signal of another road complementation, diode D
k1-D
k4play buffer action, guarantee the one-way flow of electric current; Wherein, K=1 ..., M.
Described every one-level LC resonant transform circuit, under the pwm signal of two state complementations drives, is operated in charged state and discharge condition respectively;
Described charged state is in parallel with working as prime battery pack for working as prime LC resonant transform circuit, and resonant circuit obtains energy from battery pack;
Described discharge condition is that cell obtains energy from resonant circuit when the battery cell that prime LC resonant transformation is minimum with voltage in next stage battery pack is in parallel;
When the frequency of pwm signal equals the natural resonance frequency of LC resonant transformation, realize Zero Current Switch equilibrium.
A control method for the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of deinterleaving block, comprises the following steps:
(1) battery cell voltage is obtained: microcontroller obtains the voltage of each battery cell in K+1 level battery module;
(2) voltage is judged: microcontroller is according to the battery cell voltage obtained, determine the battery cell numbering that in K+1 level battery module, minimum monomer voltage is corresponding, calculate maximum monomer voltage poor, if its difference is greater than the battery balanced threshold value of setting, then start K level equalizing circuit;
(3) gating battery: microcontroller controls selector switch module by address decoding circuitry, by battery cell gating corresponding for minimum voltage in K+1 level battery module to the output of K level LC resonant transform circuit;
(4) energy transferring: four metal-oxide-semiconductors controlling K level LC resonant transformation make LC resonant transformation alternation in charging and discharging two states, first stage energy flows into resonant circuit from K level battery module and stores, second stage energy flows into from K level LC resonant transform circuit the battery cell that in K+1 level battery module, minimum voltage is corresponding, thus realizes the continuous transmission of energy.
In described step (4), when two metal-oxide-semiconductor conductings of K level LC resonant transform circuit input, K level battery module gives K level LC resonant transformation charging; When two metal-oxide-semiconductor conductings of K level LC resonant transform circuit output, the battery cell that in K+1 level battery module, voltage is minimum charging is given in K level LC resonant transformation, along with the charge and discharge process of K level LC resonant transformation, achieve energy and transfer to from K level battery module the battery cell that in K+1 level battery module, voltage is minimum; When the PWM frequency that microcontroller sends equals the natural resonance frequency of K level LC resonant transformation, realize Zero Current Switch equilibrium.
Operation principle of the present invention, is described for K level and K+1 level battery module:
Microcontroller judges the battery cell numbering that K+1 level battery module minimum voltage is corresponding, general purpose I/O end controls selector switch module by address decoding circuitry, by battery cell gating minimum for voltage in K+1 level battery module to the output of K level LC resonant transform circuit; The total voltage of K level battery module is as the input of K level LC resonant transformation; The pwm signal that simultaneously microcontroller sends a pair state complementation controls K level LC resonant transformation, makes its alternation in charging and discharging two states.First stage energy flows into resonant circuit from K level battery module and stores, and second stage energy flows into from K level LC resonant transform circuit the battery cell that K+1 level battery module, minimum voltage is corresponding, thus realizes the continuous transmission of energy.Especially, when the PWM frequency that microcontroller sends equals the natural resonance frequency of K level LC resonant transformation, Zero Current Switch equilibrium can be realized, and each equilibrium is all that energy transfers to from K level battery module the battery cell that K+1 level battery module, voltage is minimum, when overcoming conventional P ack to Cell equalizing circuit battery pack to battery cell charge balancing, also the problem can discharged to this battery cell, improve clean euqalizing current, and what can realize between module with module under the condition additionally not increasing equalizer is balanced, effectively improve the consistency of whole battery pack.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) circuit structure of the present invention ensures that each equilibrium is all that energy transfers to from K level battery module the battery cell that K+1 level battery module, voltage is minimum, overcome conventional P ack to Cell equalizing circuit when battery pack is to battery cell charge balancing, also the problem can discharged to this battery cell, effectively improves clean euqalizing current and equalization efficiency.
(2) compared with the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of traditional modular, it is balanced that the equilibrium topology of deinterleaving block of the present invention can realize between module with module under the condition additionally not increasing equalizer, effectively improves the consistency of whole battery pack.
(3) each equilibrium is all that energy transfers to from K level battery module the battery cell that K+1 level battery module, voltage is minimum, namely to obtain larger equalizing voltage poor in the equilibrium of battery pack to battery cell, effectively overcomes Cell to Cell equalizing circuit due to power electronic device and there is the problem that conduction voltage drop is difficult to realize zero-voltage difference between battery cell.
(4) due to LC resonant transformation, achieve Zero Current Switch equilibrium, greatly reduce energy dissipation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of deinterleaving block of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is K level LC resonant transform circuit catenation principle figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the LC resonant transform circuit catenation principle figure of one embodiment of the present of invention, and the battery cell number wherein in battery module number and each module is 2;
Fig. 4 is the fundamental diagram of the LC resonant transformation charged state of one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 5 is the fundamental diagram of the LC resonant transformation discharge condition of one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 6 is that the LC resonant transformation of one embodiment of the present of invention is in charging and discharging currents i under resonance condition and capacitance voltage V
cprinciple oscillogram;
Fig. 7 is the portfolio effect figure under the electrokinetic cell inactive state of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention will be further described:
As Figure 1-Figure 2, be a kind of Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of deinterleaving block, comprise microcontroller, address decoding circuitry, LC resonant transformation, power battery pack, selector switch module and filter capacitor.Be M battery module by battery components, each battery module comprises N number of battery cell, and namely total battery cell is M*N.Wherein K level battery module connects the input of K level LC resonant transform circuit, and the output of K level LC resonant transform circuit passes through the battery cell of selector switch model calling K+1 level battery module; Wherein K+1 level battery module connects the input of K+1 level LC resonant transform circuit, and the output of K+1 level LC resonant transform circuit passes through the battery cell of selector switch model calling K+2 level battery module; By that analogy, afterbody battery module i.e. M level battery module connects the input of M level LC resonant transform circuit, the output of M level LC resonant transform circuit, by the battery cell of selector switch model calling the 1st grade of battery module, is more than the staggered topological structure of equalizing circuit of the present invention.
Microcontroller connects M*N battery cell by voltage checking chip, and by drive circuit connection control LC resonant transform circuit, microcontroller connects selector switch module drive end by address decoding circuitry.
The input of every one-level LC resonant transform circuit and output are parallel with a filter capacitor; For high-frequency ac current is filtered into direct current, with the less infringement to battery.
Microcontroller comprises pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part and general purpose I/O end, and wherein general purpose I/O end is divided into two parts;
A part of port of general purpose I/O end is connected with battery cell by voltage checking chip, for converting the analog voltage signal of battery cell to digital signal, thus determines the numbering that battery cell that in every one-level battery pack, voltage is minimum is corresponding; Voltage checking chip is for detecting each monomer voltage of battery, and voltage checking chip adopts the LTC6803-1 specialized voltages detection chip of Linear Tech.
Another part port of general purpose I/O end is by address decoding circuitry and selector switch model calling, for the battery cell that voltage in gating every one-level battery pack is minimum, the output when prime LC resonant transform circuit is connected to the battery cell that in next stage battery pack, voltage is minimum by selector switch module.Output as K level LC resonant transform circuit is connected to the battery cell that in K+1 level battery module, voltage is minimum; The output of K+1 level LC resonant transform circuit is connected to the battery cell that in (K+2) level battery pack, voltage is minimum; The output of M level LC resonant transform circuit is connected to the battery cell that in the 1st grade of battery pack, voltage is minimum, namely realizes staggered topological structure;
Pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part connects every one-level LC resonant transform circuit by drive circuit, for generation of the control drive singal of metal-oxide-semiconductor switch.
Every one-level LC resonant transform circuit, comprise four metal-oxide-semiconductors, four diodes and inductance, an electric capacity, for the 1st grade of LC resonant transform circuit, wherein one end of input connects a metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
11series diode D
11after, connect two branch roads, a branch road series connection metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
13with diode D
13, another road series inductance L
10with electric capacity C
10, the other end reversal connection diode D of input
12connect metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
12rear connection two branch roads, a road connects electric capacity C
10the other end, another road reversal connection diode D
14rear connection metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
14.Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q in described LC resonant transform circuit
11and Q
12driven by a road PWM1+ signal, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
13and Q
14driven by the PWM1-signal of another road complementation, diode D
11-D
14play buffer action, guarantee the one-way flow of electric current.
Every one-level LC resonant transformation, under the pwm signal of two state complementations drives, is operated in charging and discharging two states.
Charged state is when prime LC resonant transformation is in parallel with the both positive and negative polarity when prime battery pack, resonant circuit obtains energy from battery pack, as in parallel with the both positive and negative polarity of K level battery module in K level LC resonant transformation, energy flows into K level LC resonant transform circuit from K level battery module.
Discharge condition is that cell obtains energy from resonant circuit when the battery cell that prime LC resonant transformation is minimum with voltage in next stage battery pack is in parallel.Battery cell as minimum with voltage in K+1 level battery module in K level LC resonant transformation is in parallel, and energy flows into from K level LC resonant transform circuit the battery cell that K+1 battery pack, voltage is minimum.
Especially, when the PWM frequency that microcontroller sends equals the natural resonance frequency of LC resonant transformation, Zero Current Switch equilibrium (energy transferring) can be realized.
Apply an above-mentioned control method based on staggered Pack to Cell equalizing circuit, be described for K level and K+1 level battery module, comprise the following steps:
(1) battery cell voltage is obtained: microcontroller, by analog-to-digital conversion module, obtains each monomer voltage of K+1 level battery module;
(2) voltage is judged: microcontroller is according to the battery cell voltage obtained, determine the battery cell numbering that in K+1 level battery module, minimum monomer voltage is corresponding, calculate maximum monomer voltage poor, if its difference is greater than battery balanced threshold value, then start K level equalizing circuit;
(3) gating battery: microcontroller controls selector switch module by address decoding circuitry, by battery cell gating corresponding for minimum voltage in K+1 level battery module to the output of K level LC resonant transform circuit;
(4) energy transferring: four metal-oxide-semiconductors controlling K level LC resonant transformation make LC resonant transformation alternation in charging and discharging two states, first stage energy flows into resonant circuit from K level battery module and stores, second stage energy flows into from K level LC resonant transform circuit the battery cell that in K+1 level battery module, minimum voltage is corresponding, thus realizes the continuous transmission of energy.
In described step (4), when two metal-oxide-semiconductor conductings of K level LC resonant transform circuit input, K level battery module gives K level LC resonant transformation charging; When two metal-oxide-semiconductor conductings of K level LC resonant transform circuit output, the battery cell that in K+1 level battery module, voltage is minimum charging is given in K level LC resonant transformation, along with the charge and discharge process of K level LC resonant transformation, achieve energy and transfer to from K level battery module the battery cell that in K+1 level battery module, voltage is minimum.When the PWM frequency that microcontroller sends equals the natural resonance frequency of K level LC resonant transformation, Zero Current Switch equilibrium can be realized.
Embodiment one:
As Fig. 3-Fig. 7, be a kind of Pack to Cell equalizing circuit and control method embodiment of deinterleaving block.Suppose that the number of modules M of battery pack is 2, in each battery module, battery cell number N is also 2.And suppose B
21for the battery cell that voltage in the battery module of the second level is minimum.Be described to the equilibrium of second level battery module for first order battery module.
Digital Signal Processing DSP (TMS320F28335) selected by the microcontroller of equalizing circuit, has high-precision AD sampling and PWM output; Multi-channel gating switch selects CD4051, is single 8 passage numeral control simulation electronic switches, has A, B and C tri-binary system control input ends and EN totally 4 inputs, have low conduction impedance and very low cut-off leakage current; Voltage checking chip adopts the LTC6803-1 specialized voltages of Linear Tech measurement chip to measure the voltage of every batteries in battery pack in real time.
Selector switch module selects the relay with a pair normally opened contact, and its model is HJR 1-2C L-05V, as (S in Fig. 2
(K+1) i+, S
(K+1) i-) (i=1,2,3 ..., n) be a pair normal open switch.Microcontroller controls its conducting or closed by a multi-channel gating switch CD4051.
LC resonant circuit is by four metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
11-Q
14, four diode D
11-D
14with an inductance L
10, an electric capacity C
10composition.Wherein, Q
11, Q
12, D
11, D
12with L
10, C
10form charge circuit; Q
13, Q
14, D
13, D
14with L
10, C
10form discharge loop.Q
11source electrode, D
12negative pole be connected with battery pack both positive and negative polarity; D
13negative pole, Q
14source electrode be connected with the output positive and negative electrode of LC resonant circuit respectively.Diode D
11-D
14play isolation.Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
11-Q
14driven by the pwm signal of a pair state complementation from microcontroller DSP, wherein Q
11and Q
12driven by a road PWM1+ signal, Q
13and Q
14driven by the PWM1-signal of another line state complementation.Work as Q
11and Q
12conducting, Q
13and Q
14during shutoff, LC resonant circuit is operated in charged state; Work as Q
13and Q
14conducting, Q
11and Q
12during shutoff, LC resonant circuit is operated in discharge condition.So, energy can be realized by the continuous charge and discharge of LC resonant circuit and be transferred to the minimum battery cell of voltage from first order battery module, especially, when the PWM frequency that microcontroller sends equals the natural resonance frequency of LC quasi-resonance circuit, Zero Current Switch equilibrium is realized.
First, microcontroller is by analog-to-digital conversion module, obtain each monomer voltage of electrokinetic cell, thus determine the battery cell numbering of minimum monomer voltage and correspondence, and judge whether maximum voltage difference is greater than battery balanced threshold value 0.02V, if be greater than, start equalizing circuit, and by coding chip CD4051 gating switch module (S
21+, S
21-) and keep its conducting state until this balanced end, by battery cell B minimum for voltage
21gating is to the output of first order LC resonant circuit.
Under equilibrium state, microprocessor controls LC resonant circuit makes its alternation in charging and discharging two states, thus realizes the continuous transmission of energy.
As shown in Figure 4, Q is worked as
11and Q
12during conducting, Q
13and Q
14turn off, LC resonant circuit is in parallel with first order battery module.First order battery module, inductance L
10with electric capacity C
10form a resonant tank, now to electric capacity C
10charging, resonance current i is just, electric capacity C
10the voltage V at two ends
cstart to rise until resonance current i becomes negative value, as seen from Figure 6, V
cdelayed resonance current i tetra-/one-period, and waveform is sine wave.This moment, due to Q
13and Q
14be in off state, battery cell B
21open circuit, so flow into B
21current i
b21be zero; Because filter capacitor C
11be connected in parallel on battery module two ends without other discharge loops, so the resonance current i flowing into LC is the current i flowing out battery pack
bat, and be just during rated current outflow battery cell/battery pack, therefore can obtain the battery pack current i of operating state I as shown in Figure 6
batand B
21current i
b21waveform.
As shown in Figure 5, Q is worked as
13and Q
14during conducting, Q
11and Q
12turn off, LC resonant circuit is by selector switch module (S
21+, S
21-) with the minimum battery cell B of voltage
21in parallel.B
21, L
10and C
10form a resonant tank, now electric capacity C
10electric discharge, resonance current i is negative, electric capacity C
10the voltage V at two ends
cstart decline until resonance current i become on the occasion of.Because battery pack is in open-circuit condition, therefore flow out the current i of battery pack
batbe zero; Resonance current i is exactly B this moment simultaneously
21charging current, therefore can obtain the battery pack current i as shown in Fig. 6 state II
batand B
21current i
b21waveform.
As shown in Figure 6, the LC resonant transformation obtained for experiment is in charging and discharging currents i under resonance condition and capacitance voltage V
cexperimental waveform figure.
Be illustrated in figure 7 the portfolio effect figure under the electrokinetic cell inactive state of the present embodiment.In battery pack, the initial voltage of each battery cell is respectively V
b11=3.125V, V
b12=3.000V, V
b21=3.150V, V
b22=3.200V.Maximum voltage difference is that 0.2V is greater than 0.02V, then start equalizing circuit, is first that the 2nd grade of LC resonant transformation is to the B in the 1st grade of battery module
12equilibrium, after 7.1s, switches to the 1st grade of LC resonant transformation to the B in the 2nd grade of battery module
21equilibrium, after about 1.06s, the zero-voltage difference achieving each battery cell in battery pack is balanced, demonstrates the validity of this equalizing circuit.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a Pack to Cell equalizing circuit for deinterleaving block, is characterized in that, comprises microcontroller, address decoding circuitry, M level LC resonant transform circuit, selector switch module, filter capacitor and power battery pack; Power battery pack is divided into M level battery module, each battery module comprises N number of battery cell; Wherein K level battery module connects the input of K level LC resonant transform circuit, the output of K level LC resonant transform circuit passes through the battery cell of selector switch model calling K+1 level battery module, by that analogy, M level battery module connects the input of M level LC resonant transform circuit, and the output of M level LC resonant transform circuit passes through the battery cell of selector switch model calling the 1st grade of battery module;
Described microcontroller is connected with each battery cell and every one-level LC resonant transform circuit respectively; The input of described every one-level LC resonant transform circuit and output parallel filtering electric capacity respectively;
Described microcontroller judges the battery cell numbering that K+1 level battery module minimum voltage is corresponding, by selector switch module, by battery cell gating minimum for voltage in K+1 level battery module to the output of K level LC resonant transform circuit; The total voltage of K level battery module is as the input of K level LC resonant transform circuit; Meanwhile, the alternation of microprocessor controls K level LC resonant transform circuit is in charging and discharging two states.
2. the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of a kind of deinterleaving block as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described microcontroller comprises pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part and general purpose I/O end, and wherein general purpose I/O end is divided into two parts;
Described general purpose I/O end is by voltage checking chip connecting single batteries, for converting the analog voltage signal of battery cell to digital signal, thus determine the battery cell numbering that battery cell that in every one-level battery pack, voltage is minimum is corresponding, described voltage checking chip is for detecting the voltage of battery cell.
3. the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of a kind of deinterleaving block as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part connects every one-level LC resonant transform circuit by the drive circuit of metal-oxide-semiconductor, for generation of the drive singal controlling metal-oxide-semiconductor switch.
4. the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of a kind of deinterleaving block as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described general purpose I/O end is also by address decoding circuitry and selector switch model calling, for the battery cell that voltage in gating every one-level battery pack is minimum, the output when prime LC resonant transform circuit is connected to the battery cell that in next stage battery pack, voltage is minimum by selector switch module.
5. the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of a kind of deinterleaving block as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described K level LC resonant transform circuit comprises: connect metal-oxide-semiconductor Q successively for one end of input
k1with diode D
k1after, connect two branch roads, one of them branch road is connected metal-oxide-semiconductor Q successively
k3with diode D
k3, another branch road series inductance L successively
k0with electric capacity C
k0one end; The other end series opposing diode D successively of input
k2with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
k2after, connect two branch roads, one of them branch road connects electric capacity C
k0the other end, another branch road series opposing diode D successively
k4with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
k4, wherein, K=1 ..., M.
6. the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of a kind of deinterleaving block as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q in described K level LC resonant transform circuit
k1with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
k2by a road PWMk+ signal driving, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
k3with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q
k4driven by the PWMK-signal of another road complementation, diode D
k1-D
k4play buffer action, guarantee the one-way flow of electric current; Wherein, K=1 ..., M.
7. the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of a kind of deinterleaving block as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described every one-level LC resonant transform circuit, under the pwm signal of two state complementations drives, is operated in charged state and discharge condition respectively;
Described charged state is in parallel with working as prime battery pack for working as prime LC resonant transform circuit, and resonant circuit obtains energy from battery pack;
Described discharge condition is that cell obtains energy from resonant circuit when the battery cell that prime LC resonant transformation is minimum with voltage in next stage battery pack is in parallel;
When the frequency of pwm signal equals the natural resonance frequency of LC resonant transformation, realize Zero Current Switch equilibrium.
8. a control method for the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of deinterleaving block as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) battery cell voltage is obtained: microcontroller obtains the voltage of each battery cell in K+1 level battery module;
(2) voltage is judged: microcontroller is according to the battery cell voltage obtained, determine the battery cell numbering that in K+1 level battery module, minimum monomer voltage is corresponding, calculate maximum monomer voltage poor, if its difference is greater than the battery balanced threshold value of setting, then start K level equalizing circuit;
(3) gating battery: microcontroller controls selector switch module by address decoding circuitry, by battery cell gating corresponding for minimum voltage in K+1 level battery module to the output of K level LC resonant transform circuit;
(4) energy transferring: four metal-oxide-semiconductors controlling K level LC resonant transformation make LC resonant transformation alternation in charging and discharging two states, first stage energy flows into resonant circuit from K level battery module and stores, second stage energy flows into from K level LC resonant transform circuit the battery cell that in K+1 level battery module, minimum voltage is corresponding, thus realizes the continuous transmission of energy.
9. the control method of the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of a kind of deinterleaving block as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, in described step (4), when two metal-oxide-semiconductor conductings of K level LC resonant transform circuit input, K level battery module gives K level LC resonant transformation charging; When two metal-oxide-semiconductor conductings of K level LC resonant transform circuit output, the battery cell that in K+1 level battery module, voltage is minimum charging is given in K level LC resonant transformation, along with the charge and discharge process of K level LC resonant transformation, achieve energy and transfer to from K level battery module the battery cell that in K+1 level battery module, voltage is minimum; When the PWM frequency that microcontroller sends equals the natural resonance frequency of K level LC resonant transformation, realize Zero Current Switch equilibrium.
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