CN104400209B - Copper-aluminum conducting bar butt joint or butt joint and lap joint welding method - Google Patents
Copper-aluminum conducting bar butt joint or butt joint and lap joint welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104400209B CN104400209B CN201410579220.4A CN201410579220A CN104400209B CN 104400209 B CN104400209 B CN 104400209B CN 201410579220 A CN201410579220 A CN 201410579220A CN 104400209 B CN104400209 B CN 104400209B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
- B23K20/124—Controlling or monitoring the welding process at the beginning or at the end of a weld
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
- B23K20/2333—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer one layer being aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
Abstract
The invention provides a copper-aluminum conducting bar butt joint or butt joint and lap joint welding method which comprises the following steps: coaxially aligning two ends of a copper bar (12) and an aluminum bar (11) which are the same in sectional dimension, transversely placing the copper bar (12) and the aluminum bar (11), and respectively underlaying a transition block (2) on the left and right sides, wherein the transition blocks (2) have the thickness same as the copper bar (12) and the aluminum bar (11), have a corner shape matched with those of the copper bar (12) and the aluminum bar (11) and are close to the copper bar (12) and the aluminum bar (11), and a clearance between the transition block (2) and the copper bar (12) and a clearance between the transition block (2) and the aluminum bar (11) are controlled within 0.5mm; then positioning and compaction, wherein the initial welding position and tail welding position of a welding platform are respectively provided with an overwelding bar (3) so as to form a welding workpiece. By virtue of the welding method, the metallic phase alloying for transition of two types of metals is realized, the difficulty that a copper material and an aluminum material are difficult to weld due to great difference in material melting point and density is solved, and the conductivity of the welding transition part of the copper bar and aluminum bar which are subjected to butt joint and butt joint and lap joint welding is not less than that of an aluminum bar used by an electrician; the welding workpiece is internally provided with the welding transition block, so that batch processing is convenient; processed copper bars and aluminum bars can be separated, so that the working efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solid welding method that a kind of electrician's copper bar docks or docks plus splice with aluminum row.
Background technology
Due to metallic copper, scarcity of resources, price are high compared with equally as the metallic aluminium of conductive material, therefore with aluminum for copper
There is very high economy, overlap, in order to reach power circuit copper aluminum, the purpose that transition overcomes electrochemical corrosion, adopt at present
Technology is had and is attached copper, aluminum using modes such as spin friction weldering, Flash Weldings.Spin friction Welding has its limitation
Property, it is only limited to cylinder or the graded seal of pipe copper-aluminium, such as joining terminal of cable, and flat, ellipse, rectangle
Prismatic material can not weld；Flash Welding welding procedure be also applicable in copper-aluminium joint to burn-oning (see utility model
Patent：Liquid dipping type transformer copper aluminum is arranged, publication number：CN201072694Y), Flash Welding due to the fusing point gap of copper aluminum big,
It is that docking is reached by aluminium atom High temperature diffusion, do not reach the metallurgical reaction process of recrystallization, and due to there is no vacuum ring
Border or inert gas shielding, only rely on the metallic vapour producing in welding process and do not have the work avoiding metallic copper aluminum high-temperature oxydation
With the technological parameter complexity additionally, due to flash welding is difficult to grasp, and therefore this technique can have a strong impact on the weldering at copper-aluminium transition position
Connect quality, connecting portion does not reach the due conductivity of aluminum row itself, is added significantly to the resistivity of busbar, reduces conduction
, there is serious security risk using such busbar in the current-carrying capacity of row.Due to quality existing problems, therefore Flash Welding
Welded with copper, aluminum for electrician, prohibitted the use of by State Grid's industry, electrical apparatus industry and quality supervision department.
It is known that the transition connection as the flat of electrician, square-section copper aluminum row is a global difficult problem,
Because the fusing point of metallic copper and aluminum, density are inconsistent, 1083 DEG C of metallic copper fusing point, density 8.9g/cm3；Metallic aluminium fusing point 660
DEG C, density 2.7g/cm3, Material property differences are very big, and melt welding method is clearly infeasible, is truly realized electrician's copper
Row is reliably connected with aluminum row's, and the method for solder technology and welding, technique are keys.
In prior art, foreign material can be attached by agitating friction weldering, and has production efficiency height, dimensional accuracy
High advantage, but the docking for copper and aluminum and docking plus the technological break-through for splicing, also not having this aspect at present both at home and abroad
With relevant report, this is a blank.
Content of the invention
Technical problem：It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of copper aluminum busbar docking or docking plus the welding side spliced
Method, specifically a kind of cross sectional shape is flat, rectangle, electrician's copper bar of round rectangle are docked with aluminum row or dock plus splice
Mechanical agitation friction solid state welding method, to solve the technical barrier that copper is docked with aluminum or docks plus splice.
Technical scheme：To achieve these goals, the copper aluminum busbar docking of the present invention or docking plus the welding side spliced
Method is achieved through the following technical solutions：
1) butt welding workpiece：The end face co-axially align that the copper bar of same sectional dimension and aluminum are arranged, laterally disposed, on a left side
One piece of each pad in right both sides and the transition block that copper bar, aluminum arrange consistency of thickness, corner matching form closes, transition block is close to copper bar and aluminum
Within clearance control 0.5mm between row, transition block and copper bar and aluminum row, then positioning compression, in a welding position of jig
Put and receive welding position put each setting one piece cross weldering row, constitute welding workpiece；
2) the work surface size according to equipment, determines the number of packages of welding workpiece, welding quantity can be one or more, will need
Welding workpiece is arranged in parallel, all welding workpieces；Weld seam should be point-blank；
3) agitating friction weldering soldering tip selects：According to welding workpiece general thickness, determine the length of stirring-head, stirring-head (51)
Length be slightly below welding workpiece general thickness, its difference range is in 0.1～0.3mm；
4) in the commissure of welding workpiece, place a weld seam backing plate, material selects carbon steel；
5) weld：Alignd with stirring-head in the part to be welded of welding workpiece, then measure and adjust the incision of stirring-head
Depth, the welding speed of travel and speed of agitator reduce by the resistance of deformation of copper bar, reaches material stirring plasticity requirements is defined；Welding
Set to cross weldering and arrange the beginning from side and move towards workpiece, finally cross weldering row to opposite side and terminate；
6) copper aluminum row, transition block will be welded after the completion of welding, weldering is arranged excessively, weld seam backing plate integrally takes out, then by weld seam pad
Plate is peeled off, then transition block is discharged into capable cut-out with the copper aluminum being welded separates, and finally weld seam is carried out clearing up, polishes.
Described step 1) can also be：
Docking plus welding workpiece of splicing：By the end face axial alignment of the copper bar of same sectional dimension and aluminum row, lower section is superimposed
, as superposition row, the width of superposition row is consistent with the copper bar of docking and aluminum row for a piece aluminum row, and length is exceeded aluminum row and docked with copper bar
Position, superposition row fixed with copper bar and aluminum row's riveting respectively, then in copper bar and aluminum horizontal one piece of each pad in both sides of row and two-layer
The transition block that busbar gross thickness is consistent, corner matching form closes, transition block is close to workpiece, clearance control within 0.5mm,
Jig rise a welding position put and receive welding position put each setting one piece cross weldering row, then positioning compression, constitute welding workpiece；
Described welding workpiece, needs in welding process to be stirred the cooling of head.
Beneficial effect：The present invention solves electrician's copper bar and aluminum row's docking and docking plus the welding difficult problem spliced.Due to
Employ agitating friction weldering and above method and technique, in welding process, rubbed by mechanical agitation, in high-speed rotation
And under pressure effect, make workpiece reach plastification, the copper metal of weld interface and aluminum metal are crushed and stirs, form solid flow
Dynamic, produce the metallurgical process recrystallizing, it is achieved thereby that the metallographic alloys of two kinds of metal transfers, solve copper material and aluminium
Because material fusing point, density variation are difficult greatly the difficult point of welding, docking and the copper of docking plus welding of splicing, aluminum is made to arrange welding transition
Place is not less than the conductivity of aluminum for electric engineering row.Welding transition block is set in welding workpiece, is easy to batch machining, and processes
Copper aluminum discharge into row separate, improve work efficiency.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is butt-welded method and the process schematic representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the docking of the embodiment of the present invention 2 plus the method for welding of splicing and process schematic representation.
In figure has：Welding copper aluminum row 1, aluminum row 11, copper bar 12, weld seam 13, superposition row 14, superposition row arrange part beyond aluminum
141st, transition block 2, excessively weldering row 3, weld seam backing plate 4, soldering tip 5, stirring-head 51.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1, butt-welded method and technique
1st, welding workpiece：
(1) technical requirements of butt welding workpiece：The end face of the aluminum row 11 of same sectional dimension and copper bar 12 is alignd,
One piece of transition block 2 closed with aluminum row 11, copper bar 12 consistency of thickness, corner matching form of each pad in both sides, transition block 2 is close to work as far as possible
Part, clearance control within 0.5mm, then positioning compression.
(2) the work surface size according to equipment, determines welding workpiece number of packages, welding quantity can be one or more,
The workpiece that need are welded is arranged in parallel, and all workpiece weld seams 13 should be point-blank.
2nd, agitating friction weldering soldering tip 5 selects：
According to workpiece general thickness, determine the length of stirring-head 51.The length of stirring-head 51 is slightly below workpiece general thickness,
Its difference range is in 0.1～0.3mm.
3rd, weld seam backing plate 4：
Weld seam backing plate 4 material selects carbon steel.
4th, weld：
Alignd with stirring-head 51 in the part to be welded of welding workpiece, the incision then measuring and adjusting stirring-head 51 is deep
Degree, the welding speed of travel and speed of agitator reduce by the resistance of deformation of copper bar 12, reaches material stirring plasticity requirements is defined.Welding
Setting is crossed weldering row 3 from side and is started to move towards workpiece, finally crosses weldering row 3 to opposite side and terminates.Because copper material density is larger, stirring rubs
The heat generating in wiping is larger, in order to ensure welding quality, needs to be stirred in welding process 51 cooling.
5th, after the completion of welding, copper aluminum is arranged 1, transition block 2, is crossed weldering row 3, the overall taking-up of backing plate 4, then backing plate 4 is peeled off,
Again transition block 2 is carried out cut-out and separates with the copper aluminum row 1 that is welded, finally weld seam 13 is carried out clearing up, polishing becomes finished product row.
Embodiment 2, the method for docking plus welding of splicing and technique
1st, welding workpiece：
(1) technical requirements of docking plus welding workpiece of splicing：By the aluminum row 11 of same sectional dimension and the end face of copper bar 12
Alignment, lower section is superimposed an aluminum row 14, and the width of superposition row 14 is consistent with the aluminum row 11 of docking, copper bar 12, and length exceeds aluminum and arranges
The position 141 docked with copper bar, superposition row 14 is fixed with aluminum row 11, copper bar 12 riveting respectively, then in one piece of each pad in both sides and two
The transition block 2 that layer busbar gross thickness is consistent, corner matching form closes, transition block 2 is close to copper aluminum row 1 as far as possible, and clearance control exists
Within 0.5mm, put and receive welding position in a welding position for jig and put each one piece of mistake weldering row 3 of setting, then positioning compression.
(2) the work surface size according to equipment, determines welding workpiece number of packages, welding quantity can be one or more,
The workpiece that need are welded is arranged in parallel, and all workpiece weld seams 13 should be point-blank.
2nd, agitating friction weldering soldering tip 5 selects：
According to workpiece general thickness, determine the length of stirring-head 51.The length of stirring-head 51 is slightly below workpiece general thickness,
Its difference range is in 0.1～0.3mm.
3rd, weld seam backing plate 4：
Weld seam backing plate 4 material selects carbon steel.
4th, weld：
Alignd with stirring-head 51 in the part to be welded of welding workpiece, the incision then measuring and adjusting stirring-head 51 is deep
Degree, the welding speed of travel and speed of agitator reduce by the resistance of deformation of copper bar 12, reaches material stirring plasticity requirements is defined.Welding
Setting is crossed weldering row 3 from side and is started to move towards workpiece, finally crosses weldering row 3 to opposite side and terminates.Because copper material density is larger, stirring rubs
The heat generating in wiping is larger, in order to ensure welding quality, needs to be stirred in welding process 51 cooling.
5th, after the completion of welding, copper aluminum is arranged 1, transition block 2, is crossed weldering row 3, the overall taking-up of backing plate 4, then backing plate 4 is peeled off,
Again transition block 2 is carried out cut-out and separates with the copper aluminum row 1 that is welded, finally weld seam 13 is carried out clearing up, polishing becomes finished product row.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of copper aluminum busbar docking or docking add the welding method spliced it is characterised in that the method is specific as follows：
1) butt welding workpiece：The copper bar (12) of same sectional dimension and aluminum are arranged the end face co-axially align of (11), laterally disposed,
Arrange the transition block (2) of (11) consistency of thickness, the conjunction of corner matching form, transition in each side one piece of pad with copper bar (12), aluminum
Block (2) is close to copper bar (12) and aluminum row (11), clearance control 0.5mm between transition block (2) and copper bar (12) and aluminum row (11)
Within, then positioning compression, jig rise a welding position put and receive welding position put each setting one piece cross weldering row (3), constitute welding
Workpiece；Described welding workpiece, needs in welding process to be stirred the cooling of head；
2) the work surface size according to equipment, determines the number of packages of welding workpiece, welding quantity can be one or more, will need to weld
Workpiece is arranged in parallel, all welding workpieces；Weld seam should be point-blank；
3) agitating friction weldering soldering tip selects：According to welding workpiece general thickness, determine the length of stirring-head (51), stirring-head (51)
Length be slightly below welding workpiece general thickness, its difference range is in 0.1～0.3mm；
4) at weld seam (13) place of welding workpiece, place a weld seam backing plate (4), material selects carbon steel；
5) weld：Alignd with stirring-head (51) in the part to be welded of welding workpiece, then measure and adjust the incision of stirring-head
Depth, the welding speed of travel and speed of agitator reduce by the resistance of deformation of copper bar, reaches material stirring plasticity requirements is defined；Welding
Set to cross weldering and arrange the beginning from side and move towards workpiece, finally cross weldering row to opposite side and terminate；
6) copper aluminum will be welded after the completion of welding arrange (1), transition block (2), cross the integrally taking-up of weldering row (3), weld seam backing plate (4), then
Weld seam backing plate (4) is peeled off, then transition block is discharged into capable cut-out with the copper aluminum being welded separates, finally weld seam is carried out clearing up,
Polishing.
2. copper aluminum busbar according to claim 1 docking or docking plus the welding method spliced are it is characterised in that described
Step 1) can also be：
Docking plus welding workpiece of splicing：By the end face axial alignment of the copper bar (12) of same sectional dimension and aluminum row (11), lower section
, as superposition row (14), the width of superposition row (14) is consistent with the copper bar (12) of docking and aluminum row (11), long for piece aluminum row of superposition
The position that degree is docked with copper bar beyond aluminum row, superposition row (14) is fixed with copper bar (12) and aluminum row (11) riveting respectively, then in copper
The transition that row (12) the both sides each pad one piece horizontal with aluminum row (11) is consistent with two-layer busbar gross thickness, corner matching form closes
Block (2), transition block is close to workpiece, and clearance control, within 0.5mm, is put and received welding position in a welding position for jig and put each setting
Cross weldering row (3), then positioning compression for one piece, constitute welding workpiece；
Described welding workpiece, needs in welding process to be stirred the cooling of head.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410579220.4A CN104400209B (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2014-10-24 | Copper-aluminum conducting bar butt joint or butt joint and lap joint welding method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410579220.4A CN104400209B (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2014-10-24 | Copper-aluminum conducting bar butt joint or butt joint and lap joint welding method |
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| CN104400209A CN104400209A (en) | 2015-03-11 |
| CN104400209B true CN104400209B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105108325A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-02 | 昆山斯格威电子科技有限公司 | Integrated stirring friction welding equipment |
| CN108526678B (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2019-11-15 | 陕西飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | A kind of stirring friction-welding technique method of Z-type weld seam |
| JP7265751B2 (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2023-04-27 | 株式会社アスター | Method for manufacturing busbar joint |
| CN110014238B (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2022-02-15 | 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司 | Welding method for sheet type flexible connection joint |
| CN110957073A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-03 | 昆山万洲特种焊接有限公司 | Method for manufacturing copper conductive bar with flexibility and rigidity |
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