CN104400209A - Copper-aluminum conducting bar butt joint or butt joint and lap joint welding method - Google Patents
Copper-aluminum conducting bar butt joint or butt joint and lap joint welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104400209A CN104400209A CN201410579220.4A CN201410579220A CN104400209A CN 104400209 A CN104400209 A CN 104400209A CN 201410579220 A CN201410579220 A CN 201410579220A CN 104400209 A CN104400209 A CN 104400209A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
- B23K20/124—Controlling or monitoring the welding process at the beginning or at the end of a weld
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
- B23K20/2333—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer one layer being aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a copper-aluminum conducting bar butt joint or butt joint and lap joint welding method which comprises the following steps: coaxially aligning two ends of a copper bar (12) and an aluminum bar (11) which are the same in sectional dimension, transversely placing the copper bar (12) and the aluminum bar (11), and respectively underlaying a transition block (2) on the left and right sides, wherein the transition blocks (2) have the thickness same as the copper bar (12) and the aluminum bar (11), have a corner shape matched with those of the copper bar (12) and the aluminum bar (11) and are close to the copper bar (12) and the aluminum bar (11), and a clearance between the transition block (2) and the copper bar (12) and a clearance between the transition block (2) and the aluminum bar (11) are controlled within 0.5mm; then positioning and compaction, wherein the initial welding position and tail welding position of a welding platform are respectively provided with an overwelding bar (3) so as to form a welding workpiece. By virtue of the welding method, the metallic phase alloying for transition of two types of metals is realized, the difficulty that a copper material and an aluminum material are difficult to weld due to great difference in material melting point and density is solved, and the conductivity of the welding transition part of the copper bar and aluminum bar which are subjected to butt joint and butt joint and lap joint welding is not less than that of an aluminum bar used by an electrician; the welding workpiece is internally provided with the welding transition block, so that batch processing is convenient; processed copper bars and aluminum bars can be separated, so that the working efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrician's copper bar to arrange with aluminium and dock or dock the solid welding method adding and splice.
Background technology
Because metallic copper scarcity of resources, price compared with the same metallic aluminium as conductive material are high, therefore for copper, there is very high economy with aluminium, overcome the object of electrochemical corrosion to reach the transition of power circuit copper aluminium overlap joint, the technology adopted at present has modes such as using spin friction weldering, Flash Welding copper, aluminium to be connected.Spin friction Welding has its limitation, is only limited to the graded seal of cylinder or pipe copper-aluminium, and as joining terminal of cable, and the material of flat, ellipse, square equal cross-section can not weld, Flash Welding welding procedure be also used in copper-aluminium joint to burn-oning (see utility model patent: liquid dipping type transformer copper aluminium is arranged, publication number: CN201072694Y), Flash Welding due to the fusing point gap of copper aluminium large, docking is reached by aluminium atom High temperature diffusion, do not reach the metallurgical reaction process of recrystallization, and owing to there is no vacuum environment or inert gas shielding, the metallic vapour produced in welding process is only relied on not have the effect avoiding metallic copper aluminium high-temperature oxydation, in addition because the technological parameter complexity of flash welding is not easily grasped, therefore this technique can have a strong impact on the welding quality at copper-aluminium transition position, connecting portion does not reach the due conductance of aluminium row itself, significantly add the resistivity of busbar, reduce the current-carrying capacity of busbar, such busbar is used to there is serious security risk.Due to quality existing problems, therefore Flash Welding is used for electrician with copper, aluminium welding, is prohibitted the use by State Grid's industry, electrical apparatus industry and quality supervision department.
As everyone knows, as electrician with flat, square-section copper aluminium row transition to connect be a global difficult problem, because the fusing point of metallic copper and aluminium, density are inconsistent, metallic copper fusing point 1083 DEG C, density 8.9g/cm
3; Metallic aluminium fusing point 660 DEG C, density 2.7g/cm
3, Material property differences is very large, and melt welding method is obviously infeasible, and that really accomplishes that electrician arranges with copper bar and aluminium is reliably connected, and the method for solder technology and welding, technique are keys.
In prior art, foreign material can connect by friction stir welding, and has the advantage that production efficiency is high, dimensional accuracy is high, but adds for the docking of copper and aluminium and docking and splice, the at present both at home and abroad also not technological break-through of this aspect and relevant report, this is a blank.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of copper aluminium busbar to dock or docking adds the welding method of splicing, specifically a kind of cross sectional shape is flat, electrician's copper bar of rectangle, round rectangle arranges to dock or dock to add with aluminium and splice
Mechanical agitation friction solid state welding method, to dock with aluminium to solve copper or to dock the technical barrier adding and splice.
Technical scheme: to achieve these goals, copper aluminium busbar docking of the present invention or docking add the welding method of splicing and are achieved through the following technical solutions:
1) welding work pieces is docked: the end face co-axially align copper bar of same sectional dimension and aluminium arranged, laterally place, each side pad one piece with the transition block that copper bar, aluminium arrange consistency of thickness, corner matching form closes, transition block is close to copper bar and aluminium row, transition block and copper bar and aluminium arrange between clearance control 0.5mm within, then positioning compression, puts and receives welding position and put at the welding position that rises of jig and respectively arrange one piece of mistake and weld row, form welding work pieces;
2) according to the working face size of equipment, determine the number of packages of welding work pieces, welding quantity can be one or more, welding work pieces will be needed arranged in parallel, all welding work pieces; Weld seam should be point-blank;
3) friction stir welding soldering tip is selected: according to welding work pieces general thickness, determine the length of stirring-head, the length of stirring-head (51) is a little less than welding work pieces general thickness, and its difference range is at 0.1 ~ 0.3mm;
4) in the commissure of welding work pieces, place a weld seam backing plate, material selects carbon steel;
5) weld: is alignd with stirring-head in the part to be welded of welding work pieces, then measure and adjust the penetraction depth of stirring-head, the welding speed of travel and speed of agitator reduce with the resistance of deformation of copper bar, reach material stirring plasticity requirements and is as the criterion; Welding setting to be crossed weldering and is arranged the beginning and move towards workpiece from side, finally cross weldering row to opposite side and terminate;
6) after having welded by soldering copper aluminium row, transition block, cross the row of weldering, weld seam backing plate entirety is taken out, then by the stripping of weld seam backing plate, then transition block and the copper aluminium welded are arranged and carry out cut-out and be separated, last butt welded seam carries out clearing up, polishing.
Described step 1) can also be:
Docking adds the welding work pieces that splices: the end face axial of the copper bar of same sectional dimension and aluminium row alignd, superposition aluminium row in below is as superposition row, the width of superposition row is arranged consistent with the copper bar of docking and aluminium, length exceeds aluminium and arranges the position of docking with copper bar, superposition row arranges with copper bar and aluminium respectively to rivet and fixes, again copper bar and the horizontal both sides of aluminium row respectively pad one piece consistent with two-layer busbar gross thickness, the transition block that corner matching form closes, transition block is close to workpiece, clearance control is within 0.5mm, put and receive welding position and put at the welding position that rises of jig and respectively one piece of mistake is set welds row, then positioning compression, form welding work pieces,
Described welding work pieces, needs the cooling carrying out stirring-head in welding process.
Beneficial effect: the invention solves electrician's copper bar and aluminium row docking and docking and add a welding difficult problem of splicing.Owing to have employed friction stir welding and above Method and process, in welding process, rubbed by mechanical agitation, under High Rotation Speed and pressure effect, workpiece is made to reach plastification, the copper metal of weld interface and aluminum metal fragmentation are stirred, form solid-state flowing, produce the metallurgical process of crystallization again, thus achieve the metallographic alloys of two kinds of metal transfers, solve copper material and aluminium because of material fusing point, the difficult point that density variation is welded greatly and not easily, docking and docking are added splice the copper of welding, aluminium row welding transition place is not less than the conductance of aluminum for electric engineering row.Welding transition block is set in welding work pieces, is convenient to batch machining, and the copper aluminium row processed is separated, and increases work efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is butt-welded method and the process schematic representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is method and the process schematic representation that the docking of the embodiment of the present invention 2 adds welding of splicing.
Have in figure: soldering copper aluminium row 1, aluminium row 11, copper bar 12, weld seam 13, superposition row 14, superposition row exceed aluminium row part 141, transition block 2, cross weldering row 3, weld seam backing plate 4, soldering tip 5, stirring-head 51.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1, butt-welded method and technique
1, welding work pieces:
(1) technical requirement of welding work pieces is docked: alignd by the end face of the aluminium of same sectional dimension row 11 and copper bar 12, the transition block 2 that one piece is arranged 11 with aluminium, copper bar 12 consistency of thickness, corner matching form close respectively is padded in both sides, transition block 2 is close to workpiece as far as possible, clearance control within 0.5mm, then positioning compression.
(2) according to the working face size of equipment, determine welding workpiece number of packages, welding quantity can be one or more, and the workpiece that need weld is arranged in parallel, and all workpiece weld seams 13 should be point-blank.
2, friction stir welding soldering tip 5 is selected:
According to workpiece general thickness, determine the length of stirring-head 51.The length of stirring-head 51 is a little less than workpiece general thickness, and its difference range is at 0.1 ~ 0.3mm.
3, weld seam backing plate 4:
Weld seam backing plate 4 material selects carbon steel.
4, weld:
Alignd with stirring-head 51 in the part to be welded of welding work pieces, then measure and adjust the penetraction depth of stirring-head 51, the welding speed of travel and speed of agitator reduce with the resistance of deformation of copper bar 12, reach material and stir plasticity requirements and is as the criterion.Welding setting moves towards workpiece from weldering row 3 is crossed in side, finally crosses weldering row 3 to opposite side and terminates.Because copper material density is comparatively large, the heat generated in agitating friction is comparatively large, in order to ensure welding quality, needs the cooling carrying out stirring-head 51 in welding process.
5, after having welded by copper aluminium row 1, transition block 2, cross weldering row 3, backing plate 4 entirety is taken out, and is then peeled off by backing plate 4, then transition block 2 and copper aluminium weld is arranged 1 and carry out cut-out and be separated, last butt welded seam 13 carries out clearing up, polishing becomes finished product and arrange.
Embodiment 2, docking adds method and the technique of welding of splicing
1, welding work pieces:
(1) docking adds the technical requirement of the welding work pieces that splices: alignd by the end face of the aluminium of same sectional dimension row 11 and copper bar 12, below superposition aluminium row 14, the width of superposition row 14 arranges 11 with the aluminium docked, copper bar 12 is consistent, length exceeds aluminium and arranges the position 141 of docking with copper bar, superposition row 14 arranges 11 with aluminium respectively, copper bar 12 is riveted fixing, respectively pad in both sides again one piece consistent with two-layer busbar gross thickness, the transition block 2 that corner matching form closes, transition block 2 is close to copper aluminium row 1 as far as possible, clearance control is within 0.5mm, put and receive welding position and put at the welding position that rises of jig and respectively arrange one piece and cross weldering row 3, then positioning compression.
(2) according to the working face size of equipment, determine welding workpiece number of packages, welding quantity can be one or more, and the workpiece that need weld is arranged in parallel, and all workpiece weld seams 13 should be point-blank.
2, friction stir welding soldering tip 5 is selected:
According to workpiece general thickness, determine the length of stirring-head 51.The length of stirring-head 51 is a little less than workpiece general thickness, and its difference range is at 0.1 ~ 0.3mm.
3, weld seam backing plate 4:
Weld seam backing plate 4 material selects carbon steel.
4, weld:
Alignd with stirring-head 51 in the part to be welded of welding work pieces, then measure and adjust the penetraction depth of stirring-head 51, the welding speed of travel and speed of agitator reduce with the resistance of deformation of copper bar 12, reach material and stir plasticity requirements and is as the criterion.Welding setting moves towards workpiece from weldering row 3 is crossed in side, finally crosses weldering row 3 to opposite side and terminates.Because copper material density is comparatively large, the heat generated in agitating friction is comparatively large, in order to ensure welding quality, needs the cooling carrying out stirring-head 51 in welding process.
5, after having welded by copper aluminium row 1, transition block 2, cross weldering row 3, backing plate 4 entirety is taken out, and is then peeled off by backing plate 4, then transition block 2 and copper aluminium weld is arranged 1 and carry out cut-out and be separated, last butt welded seam 13 carries out clearing up, polishing becomes finished product and arrange.
Claims (3)
1. the docking of copper aluminium busbar or docking add a welding method of splicing, and it is characterized in that the method is specific as follows:
1) welding work pieces is docked: the end face co-axially align copper bar (12) of same sectional dimension and aluminium being arranged (11), laterally place, each side pad one piece with the transition block (2) that copper bar (12), aluminium arrange (11) consistency of thickness, corner matching form closes, transition block (2) is close to copper bar (12) and aluminium row (11), within transition block (2) and copper bar (12) and aluminium arrange the clearance control 0.5mm between (11), then positioning compression, put and receive welding position and put at the welding position that rises of jig and respectively one piece of mistake is set welds row (3), formation welding work pieces;
2) according to the working face size of equipment, determine the number of packages of welding work pieces, welding quantity can be one or more, welding work pieces will be needed arranged in parallel, all welding work pieces; Weld seam should be point-blank;
3) friction stir welding soldering tip is selected: according to welding work pieces general thickness, determine the length of stirring-head (51), the length of stirring-head (51) is a little less than welding work pieces general thickness, and its difference range is at 0.1 ~ 0.3mm;
4) at weld seam (13) place of welding work pieces, place a weld seam backing plate (4), material selects carbon steel;
5) weld: align with stirring-head (51) in the part to be welded of welding work pieces, then measure and adjust the penetraction depth of stirring-head, weld the speed of travel and speed of agitator reduces with the resistance of deformation of copper bar, reaches material stirring plasticity requirements and is as the criterion; Welding setting to be crossed weldering and is arranged the beginning and move towards workpiece from side, finally cross weldering row to opposite side and terminate;
6) after having welded, soldering copper aluminium arranged (1), transition block (2), cross the row of weldering (3), weld seam backing plate (4) entirety is taken out, then weld seam backing plate (4) is peeled off, transition block and the copper aluminium welded are arranged and carry out cut-out and be separated, last butt welded seam carries out clearing up, polishing.
2. a kind of copper aluminium busbar docking according to claim 1 or docking add the welding method of splicing, and it is characterized in that described step 1) can also be:
Docking adds the welding work pieces that splices: the end face axial of the copper bar (12) of same sectional dimension and aluminium row (11) alignd, superposition aluminium row in below is as superposition row (14), it is consistent that the superposition row width of (14) and the copper bar (12) of docking and aluminium arrange (11), length exceeds aluminium and arranges the position of docking with copper bar, superposition row (14) is arranged (11) respectively and is riveted fixing with copper bar (12) and aluminium, again copper bar (12) and the horizontal both sides of aluminium row (11) respectively pad one piece consistent with two-layer busbar gross thickness, the transition block (2) that corner matching form closes, transition block is close to workpiece, clearance control is within 0.5mm, put and receive welding position and put at the welding position that rises of jig and respectively one piece of mistake is set welds row (3), then positioning compression, form welding work pieces.
3. a kind of copper aluminium busbar docking according to claim 1 and 2 or docking add the welding method of splicing, and it is characterized in that described welding work pieces, need the cooling carrying out stirring-head in welding process.
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| CN201410579220.4A CN104400209B (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2014-10-24 | Copper-aluminum conducting bar butt joint or butt joint and lap joint welding method |
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| CN201410579220.4A CN104400209B (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2014-10-24 | Copper-aluminum conducting bar butt joint or butt joint and lap joint welding method |
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| CN104400209B CN104400209B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105108325A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-02 | 昆山斯格威电子科技有限公司 | Integrated stirring friction welding equipment |
| CN108526678A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-14 | 陕西飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | A kind of stirring friction-welding technique method of Z-type weld seam |
| CN110014238A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-16 | 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司 | A kind of chip flexible coupling joint welding method |
| CN110957073A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-03 | 昆山万洲特种焊接有限公司 | Method for manufacturing copper conductive bar with flexibility and rigidity |
| CN113226618A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2021-08-06 | 株式会社阿斯特 | Bus bar assembly and method for manufacturing bus bar assembly |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105108325A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-02 | 昆山斯格威电子科技有限公司 | Integrated stirring friction welding equipment |
| CN108526678A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-14 | 陕西飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | A kind of stirring friction-welding technique method of Z-type weld seam |
| CN113226618A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2021-08-06 | 株式会社阿斯特 | Bus bar assembly and method for manufacturing bus bar assembly |
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| CN110014238A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-16 | 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司 | A kind of chip flexible coupling joint welding method |
| CN110014238B (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2022-02-15 | 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司 | Welding method for sheet type flexible connection joint |
| CN110957073A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-03 | 昆山万洲特种焊接有限公司 | Method for manufacturing copper conductive bar with flexibility and rigidity |
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| CN104400209B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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