CN105108259A - Method for compounding copper and aluminum dissimilar metal of zinc electrolysis cathode conductive head - Google Patents

Method for compounding copper and aluminum dissimilar metal of zinc electrolysis cathode conductive head Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105108259A
CN105108259A CN201510554112.6A CN201510554112A CN105108259A CN 105108259 A CN105108259 A CN 105108259A CN 201510554112 A CN201510554112 A CN 201510554112A CN 105108259 A CN105108259 A CN 105108259A
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China
Prior art keywords
solder
copper
aluminium block
solder side
aluminium
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CN201510554112.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105108259B (en
Inventor
宋宝兴
马进
宋衎
蒲敬文
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Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
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Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
    • B23K1/203—Fluxing, i.e. applying flux onto surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
    • B23K1/206—Cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
    • B23K20/2333—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer one layer being aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
    • C25C1/16—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of zinc, cadmium or mercury
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Abstract

The invention provides a method for compounding copper and aluminum dissimilar metals of a zinc electrolysis cathode conductive head, which is used for cleaning the welding surfaces of a copper block and an aluminum block; laying brazing filler metal on the welding surface of the aluminum block, stacking the copper block on the welding surface of the aluminum block, and enabling the welding surface of the copper block to be in contact with the brazing filler metal on the welding surface of the aluminum block to form a blank; heating to melt the brazing filler metal, stopping heating, taking out, pressurizing and air cooling; obtaining the zinc electrolysis cathode conductive head. Or friction stir welding is carried out on the brazed welding seam, and the fabrication hole of the friction stir welding is processed, so as to obtain the copper and aluminum heterogeneous metal composite zinc electrolytic cathode conductive head. The composite method can lead the metallurgical bonding area between the copper/aluminum heterogeneous metal interfaces to reach more than 95 percent. The welding seam is full and compact, has better phase corrosion force under the condition of acid gas phase, the impact resistance of the welding seam between copper and aluminum is strong, the copper contact is not easy to fall off, and the consumption of metal copper is less and is only 1/3 of the original consumption; the working condition is good, and no harmful gas or waste is discharged.

Description

A kind of zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head copper and aluminium dissimilar metal complex method
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrolytic zinc technical field, relate to a kind of preparation method of zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head, particularly a kind of zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head copper and aluminium dissimilar metal complex method.
Background technology
At present, casting or explosion welding method making zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head is inlayed by copper/Al bimetal.There is following defect: be by advance at copper electroplating surfaces with tin between the metal interface that 1) copper/Al bimetal inlays casting, form the joint between copper/aluminum metal.Because metallic tin intensity is low, interface power is poor, and under actual working conditions, two metal interfaces are easy to crack, causes the metallic copper be coated in aluminium to be corroded gradually.2) because the poorly conductive of metallic tin is in copper and aluminium, in large operating current transmission conditions, the differentia influence that its resistivity produces is obvious.3) under the effect of sour gas phase medium, the salt based on sulfate, forms accumulation in the gap very easily after copper/aluminium faying face cracking, even by copper/aluminium faying face distending, tank voltage and conductive contact temperature can be caused to raise, have a strong impact on current efficiency.4) due to cracking and the progressive corrosion on copper/aluminium composition surface, its electric conductivity is in downward trend gradually.5) affect the many factors that copper/Al bimetal inlays castability, the uniformity of product quality is difficult to control.6) not only cost is high for explosion welding method, and the ratio that can realize metal interface metallurgical binding only has 80 ~ 90%.7) it is different that zinc method shelled by the machinery in producing from external electrolytic zinc, domestic most employing be manually shell zinc.After haftplatte appears in electrolysis rolled tin, because of extensive operation, the copper contact of simple soldering or explosive welding is when being subject to greater impact power, and copper contact easily comes off.If copper contact falls into electrolytic cell, electrolyte will be caused to worsen.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head copper and aluminium dissimilar metal complex method, increase the metallurgical binding ratio at dissimilar metal interface, improve metal interface adhesion, strengthen the resistance to gas phase corrosivity of copper/aluminium transition zone, reduce contact resistance and unit dc consumption.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head copper and aluminium dissimilar metal complex method, specifically carries out according to the following steps:
Step 1: get copper billet and aluminium block respectively; The cleaning solder side of copper billet and the solder side of aluminium block;
Step 2: when the material of copper billet used is T2, when the material of aluminium block is L1060:
On the solder side of copper billet after the cleaning and after cleaning aluminium block solder side on apply brazing flux respectively; On the solder side of copper billet after the cleaning and after cleaning aluminium block solder side on apply the special brazing flux of solder used respectively; The first solder laid by the brazing flux of aluminium block solder side coating, when laying the first solder, with the center line of aluminium block solder side for symmetry axis, by the first solder symmetrical laying on the solder side of aluminium block, then, copper billet is stacked on the solder side of aluminium block, copper billet solder side is contacted with the first solder on aluminium block solder side, forms the first blank; By the first blank heating to 600 ± 5 DEG C, make the first brazing filler metal melts, stop heating, take out, pressurization, air cooling; The zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head of obtained copper and aluminium dissimilar metal compound.
When the material of copper billet used is T2, when the material of aluminium block is L6101:
The second solder is laid at aluminium block solder side, when laying the second solder, with the center line of aluminium block solder side for symmetry axis, by the second solder symmetrical laying on the solder side of aluminium block, then, copper billet is stacked on the solder side of aluminium block, copper billet solder side is contacted with the second solder on aluminium block solder side, forms the second blank; By the second blank heating to 520 ± 5 DEG C, make the second brazing filler metal melts, stop heating, take out, pressurization, air cooling; Workpiece after clamping soldering, a weld seam in two weld seams making length longer upwards, carries out agitating friction welding to this weld seam, then, overturns 180 °, makes weld seam that another length is longer upward, carries out agitating friction welding to this weld seam; The weld penetration of twice agitating friction welding is all greater than 5mm, carries out agitating friction welding to this weld seam; The fabrication hole of friction stir welding is removed in cutting, the zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head of obtained copper and aluminium dissimilar metal compound.
Complex method of the present invention adopts antivacuum soldering tech to make copper/aluminium composite zinc electrolysis cathode conductive head, and the metallurgical binding area between copper/aluminium dissimilar metal interface can reach more than 95%.Weld seam is full, closely knit, under the acid gas phase condition of complexity, have good corrosion resistance, and the consumption of metallic copper is few, is only 1/3 of former consumption; Comparatively explosion welding method, through agitating friction postwelding, between copper/aluminium dissimilar metal, without clear and definite copper/aluminium transition interface, and then eliminate the impact of the crisp tissue of weld interface metallic hard, improve the toughness of weld seam, cost of manufacture is low, be only 1/2 of former cost, make working condition good, without any pernicious gas or waste discharge.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be in the equipped electrolytic zinc negative electrode of the obtained conductive head of the electrolytic zinc negative electrode that is equipped with of existing compound casting conductive head and embodiment 1 production process at each six groove tank voltage mean value curve comparison figure.
The 30mm place, electrolytic zinc cathode guide electrical contact upper end that the existing compound casting conductive head of Fig. 2 is equipped with and 30mm place, the electrolytic zinc cathode guide electrical contact upper end temperature variation curve comparison diagram in process of production that the conductive head that embodiment 1 obtains is equipped with.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
At present, zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head inlays casting method based on traditional copper and Al bimetal, there is interface binding power difference, the remarkable defect that two metal interfaces are easy to crack.Under actual working conditions, sour gas phase medium easily enters from cracking, and metallic copper is corroded gradually.Along with the increase of corroded area, and complicated sour gas phase medium is in the accumulation of gap place depositing crystalline salt, make the electric conductivity of conductive head in downward trend gradually, and conductive head operating temperature also can raise gradually; Again because the electric conductivity of the metallic tin between copper and aluminium is lower than copper and aluminium, under large operating current transmission conditions, the differentia influence that its resistivity produces is obvious, causes tank voltage and conductive contact temperature to raise equally, and then affects current efficiency.Affect that the factor of conductive head quality that dual damascene casting method produces is many, conductive head quality problems are difficult to Timeliness coverage, make the quality conformance of finished product conductive head be difficult to control.In order to overcome above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head copper and aluminium dissimilar metal complex method, the metallurgical binding ratio of metal interface can be increased, improve metal interface adhesion, reduce contact resistance and unit dc consumption.This complex method specifically carries out according to the following steps:
Step 1: get copper billet and aluminium block respectively, get the size of copper billet and aluminium block size all prepare the required size of copper billet and the measure-alike of aluminium block in zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head method with existing;
Get copper billet material be T2, get aluminium block material be L1060 or L6101, copper billet and aluminium block are cuboid.
Step 2: the cleaning solder side of copper billet and the solder side of aluminium block;
Step 3: when the material of copper billet used is T2, when the material of aluminium block is L1060:
On the solder side of copper billet after the cleaning and after cleaning aluminium block solder side on apply the special brazing flux of solder used respectively; The first solder laid by the brazing flux of aluminium block solder side coating, when laying the first solder, with the center line of aluminium block solder side for symmetry axis, by the first solder symmetrical laying on the solder side of aluminium block, first solder to surround the shape of figure identical with the shape of aluminium block solder side, the first solder the distance surrounded between the aluminium block border corresponding with each border, each border of figure be 2 ~ 3mm; Then, copper billet is stacked on the solder side of aluminium block, copper billet solder side is contacted with the first solder on aluminium block solder side, forms the first blank; By the first blank heating to 600 ± 5 DEG C, make the first brazing filler metal melts, stop heating, take out, with hand press pressurization, the first solder be in a liquid state after making fusing can fill up the gap between copper billet solder side and aluminium block solder side better, air cooling; The zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head of obtained copper and aluminium dissimilar metal compound.
First solder is the crust in patent application " a kind of composite soldering explosive core aluminium welding wire and preparation method thereof " (application number 201310553434.X, publication No. CN103612026A, date of publication 2014.03.05) disclosed composite soldering explosive core aluminium welding wire.Medicine core in special flux in step 3 composite soldering explosive core aluminium welding wire disclosed in this patent application.
when the material of copper billet used is T2, when the material of aluminium block is L6101:
The second solder is laid at aluminium block solder side, when laying the second solder, with the center line of aluminium block solder side for symmetry axis, by the second solder symmetrical laying on the solder side of aluminium block, then, copper billet is stacked on the solder side of aluminium block, copper billet solder side is contacted with the second solder on aluminium block solder side, forms the second blank; By the second blank heating to 520 ± 5 DEG C, make the second brazing filler metal melts, stop heating, take out, with hand press pressurization, the second solder be in a liquid state after making fusing can fill up the gap between copper billet solder side and aluminium block solder side better, air cooling; With the workpiece after flat-nose pliers clamping soldering, a weld seam in two weld seams making length longer upwards, carries out agitating friction welding to this weld seam, then, overturns 180 °, makes weld seam that another length is longer upward, carries out agitating friction welding to this weld seam; The weld penetration of twice agitating friction welding is all greater than 5mm, carries out agitating friction welding to this weld seam; The fabrication hole of friction stir welding is removed in cutting, the zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head of obtained copper and aluminium dissimilar metal compound.
The E22NC copper aluminium medicine core soldering wire that second solder adopts the upper luxuriant mechanical & electronic equipment corporation, Ltd of sea otter to produce.
The FSW-TS-M16 desk-top agitating friction soldering equipment that industrial group Beijing FSW Technology Co., Ltd of Air China produces is adopted during friction stir welding;
The heating-up temperature of blank should higher than solder melt temperature 20 ~ 30 DEG C.If temperature is on the low side, molten state solder and weld metal can not realize abundant infiltration, and cause solder side defect more, and welding effect is poor; Because brazing flux has the effect reducing weld metal fusing point, when temperature is too high, will the solder side rapid melting of aluminium block be caused, and cause and weld unsuccessfully.
Soldering is the solder utilizing fusing point lower than welded metal, relies on capillarity and pressurized treatments, make liquid solder fill up solder side gap after fusing, and realizes being connected with phase counterdiffusion between mother metal.The main difference part of soldering and melting welding is: only have brazing filler metal melts during soldering, welded metal is non-fusible, liquid solder relies on wetting action and capillarity to enter in the gap between two weldments, thus form welding, rely on the phase counterdiffusion of liquid solder and solid metallic and reach the combination of atom; This bi-material coordinates mutually simultaneously.
Friction welding (FW) be utilize workpiece end face mutually to move, heat that phase mutual friction produces, make end reach hot plastic state, then upset rapidly, complete a kind of method of welding.Be with the difference of normal welding, friction stir welding welding process is the seam crossing being put in workpiece by the soldering tip of a cylindrical shape, by the High Rotation Speed of soldering tip, make itself and welding work pieces material friction, thus it is softening to make the material temperature of connecting portion raise, agitating friction is carried out to complete welding to material simultaneously.
The present invention is directed to the actual working conditions that domestic electrolytic zinc is produced, the antivacuum soldering of copper/aluminium dissimilar metal compound and agitating friction technology are applied to the preparation of zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head, increase conductive contact area, improve the metallurgical binding ratio of metal interface, strengthen the bond strength at metal transfer interface, reduce the unit dc consumption in contact resistance and electrolytic zinc production.
embodiment 1
By the existing specification preparing required copper billet and aluminium block in zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head method, get copper billet and aluminium block respectively; The material of copper billet is T2, and the material of aluminium block is L1060.The solder side of cleaning copper billet aluminium block; On the solder side of copper billet after the cleaning and after cleaning aluminium block solder side on apply brazing flux respectively; The first solder laid by the solder flux of aluminium block solder side coating, when laying the first solder, with the center line of aluminium block solder side for symmetry axis, by the first solder symmetrical laying on the solder side of aluminium block, first solder to surround the shape of figure identical with the shape of aluminium block solder side, the first solder the distance surrounded between the aluminium block border corresponding with each border, each border of figure be 2 ~ 3mm; By copper billet and aluminium block stacking, make the solder side of solder side towards aluminium block of copper billet, form the first blank, this first blank is placed in heater, is warming up to 600 DEG C, make the first brazing filler metal melts, stop heating, with hand press pressurization, air cooling; The zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head of obtained copper and aluminium dissimilar metal compound.
In electrolytic zinc is produced, the tank voltage of electrolytic cell is the important indicator weighing unit dc consumption.Tank voltage reduces 10mV, and the unit dc consumption of electrowinning zinc per ton can decline 9kW.h.The conductive head obtained by existing compound casting conductive head and embodiment 1 equipped electrolytic zinc negative electrode respectively.When operating current 28kA, the tank voltage of the electrolytic zinc negative electrode be equipped with the conductive head that embodiment 1 is obtained, lower than the tank voltage 11mV of the electrolytic zinc negative electrode that compound casting conductive head is equipped with.When operating current 33kA, the tank voltage of the electrolytic zinc negative electrode be equipped with the conductive head that embodiment 1 is obtained, lower than the tank voltage 19mV of the electrolytic zinc negative electrode that compound casting conductive head is equipped with.The mean value of each six groove tank voltages of electrolytic zinc negative electrode that the conductive head that the conductive head of actual measurement compound casting and embodiment 1 obtain is equipped with respectively, is shown in Fig. 1.In Fig. 1, on abscissa, the operating current of sequence number 1 ~ 11 is 28kA, the operating current of sequence number 12 ~ 26 is 33kA, as can be seen from Figure 1, under different operating current condition, 26 measurement results display of tank voltage, with the obtained equipped electrolytic zinc cathode can voltage of conductive head institute of embodiment 1 all lower than with the equipped electrolytic zinc cathode can voltage of existing compound casting conductive head; The tank voltage difference of the two increases with the rising of operating current.Describe with the obtained conductive head of embodiment 1, improve the overlap joint effect of conductive contact and the current delivery of copper/aluminium transition zone, thus improve the electric conductivity of electrolytic zinc negative electrode.
Under the difference condition that eliminating workshop ventilation produces, respectively get 25 cathode conducting heads of 6 groove interludes respectively, measure its temperature, to observe conductive contact overlap joint and copper/aluminium interface state.Reduce if overlap electric conductivity that is bad or conductive head copper/aluminium joint interface, then, when contact resistance increases, the temperature drift near overlapped points position or larger with the temperature difference organizing conductive contact can be caused.And the conductive contact that observed temperature is lower, illustrate that intermetallic conductive state is normal, institute's lost work of doing is relatively less.
The temperature at the 30mm place, electrolytic zinc cathode guide electrical contact upper end that the conductive head obtained with embodiment 1 to existing compound casting conductive head is equipped with respectively is compared, with the conductive head that embodiment 1 is obtained the observed temperature of equipped electrolytic zinc cathode guide electrical contact, more existing compound casting conductive head the observed temperature of equipped electrolytic zinc cathode guide electrical contact, on average low 0.9 DEG C.The changing trend diagram of observed temperature, is shown in Fig. 2.As can be seen from Figure 2, under the difference condition that eliminating workshop ventilation produces, in 12 days of measured conductive contact mean temperature, obtain the mean temperature at 30mm place, conductive contact upper end all lower than the mean temperature with existing compound casting conductive contact same position by embodiment 1.Improvement due to the overlap joint effect of conductive contact and the current delivery of copper/aluminium transition zone is described, reduces the ineffective energy consumption of electric current in transmitting procedure.
With the antivacuum soldering tech of copper/aluminium dissimilar metal compound, the copper/aluminium composite zinc electrolysis cathode conductive head of realization, has copper/aluminium composite surface metallurgical binding good, eliminates contact resistance, good conductivity; Copper conductive contact area is large, can improve electric current throughput, is conducive to reducing unit dc consumption; Defect is easy to find in process of production, is conducive to quality control; Manufacture craft controllability is good, produces constant product quality in enormous quantities, and the evident characteristic such as cost is lower.
embodiment 2
By the existing specification preparing required copper billet and aluminium block in zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head method, get copper billet and aluminium block respectively; The material of copper billet is T2, and the material of aluminium block is L1060.The solder side of cleaning copper billet and aluminium block; On the solder side of copper billet after the cleaning and after cleaning aluminium block solder side on apply brazing flux respectively; The first solder laid by the solder flux of aluminium block solder side coating, when laying the first solder, with the center line of aluminium block solder side for symmetry axis, by the first solder symmetrical laying on the solder side of aluminium block, first solder to surround the shape of figure identical with the shape of aluminium block solder side, the first solder the distance surrounded between the aluminium block border corresponding with each border, each border of figure be 2 ~ 3mm; By copper billet and aluminium block stacking, make the solder side of solder side towards aluminium block of copper billet, form the first blank, this first blank is placed in heater, is warming up to 605 DEG C, make the first brazing filler metal melts, stop heating, with hand press pressurization, air cooling; The zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head of obtained copper and aluminium dissimilar metal compound.
embodiment 3
By the existing specification preparing required copper billet and aluminium block in zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head method, get copper billet and aluminium block respectively; The material of copper billet is T2, and the material of aluminium block is L1060.The solder side of cleaning copper billet and aluminium block; On the solder side of copper billet after the cleaning and after cleaning aluminium block solder side on apply brazing flux respectively; The first solder laid by the solder flux of aluminium block solder side coating, when laying the first solder, with the center line of aluminium block solder side for symmetry axis, by the first solder symmetrical laying on the solder side of aluminium block, first solder to surround the shape of figure identical with the shape of aluminium block solder side, the first solder the distance surrounded between the aluminium block border corresponding with each border, each border of figure be 2 ~ 3mm; By copper billet and aluminium block stacking, make the solder side of solder side towards aluminium block of copper billet, form the first blank, this first blank is placed in heater, is warming up to 595 DEG C, make the first brazing filler metal melts, stop heating, with hand press pressurization, air cooling; The zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head of obtained copper and aluminium dissimilar metal compound.
embodiment 4
By the existing specification preparing required copper billet and aluminium block in zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head method, get copper billet and aluminium block respectively; The material of copper billet is T2, and the material of aluminium block is L6101.The solder side of cleaning copper billet and aluminium block; Aluminium block solder side is laid the second solder, places the second solder with solder side center line symmetry; By copper billet and aluminium block stacking, make the solder side of solder side towards aluminium block of copper billet, form the second blank, this second blank is placed in heater, is warming up to 520 DEG C, make the second brazing filler metal melts, stop heating, with hand press pressurization, air cooling; With the workpiece after flat-nose pliers clamping soldering, a weld seam in two weld seams making length longer upwards, carries out agitating friction welding to this weld seam, then, overturns 180 °, makes weld seam that another length is longer upward, carries out agitating friction welding to this weld seam; The weld penetration of twice agitating friction welding is all greater than 5mm, carries out agitating friction welding to this weld seam, and the fabrication hole of friction stir welding is removed in cutting, the zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head of obtained copper and aluminium dissimilar metal compound.
The conductive head obtained by existing compound casting conductive head and embodiment 4 equipped electrolytic zinc negative electrode respectively.When operating current 28kA, the tank voltage of the electrolytic zinc negative electrode be equipped with the conductive head that embodiment 4 is obtained, lower than the tank voltage 10.88mV of the electrolytic zinc negative electrode that compound casting conductive head is equipped with.When operating current 33kA, the tank voltage of the electrolytic zinc negative electrode be equipped with the conductive head that embodiment 4 is obtained, lower than the tank voltage 18.85mV of the electrolytic zinc negative electrode that compound casting conductive head is equipped with.The mean value of each six groove tank voltages of electrolytic zinc negative electrode that the conductive head that the conductive head of actual measurement compound casting and embodiment 4 obtain is equipped with respectively, under different operating current condition, 26 measurement results display of tank voltage, with the obtained equipped electrolytic zinc cathode can voltage of conductive head institute of embodiment 4 all lower than with the equipped electrolytic zinc cathode can voltage of existing compound casting conductive head; The tank voltage difference of the two increases with the rising of operating current.Describe with the obtained conductive head of embodiment 4, improve the overlap joint effect of conductive contact and the current delivery of copper/aluminium transition zone, thus improve the electric conductivity of electrolytic zinc negative electrode.
Under the difference condition that eliminating workshop ventilation produces, respectively get 25 cathode conducting heads of 6 groove interludes respectively, measure its temperature, to observe conductive contact overlap joint and copper/aluminium interface state.Reduce if overlap electric conductivity that is bad or conductive head copper/aluminium joint interface, then, when contact resistance increases, the temperature drift near overlapped points position or larger with the temperature difference organizing conductive contact can be caused.And the conductive contact that observed temperature is lower, illustrate that intermetallic conductive state is normal, institute's lost work of doing is relatively less.
The temperature at the 30mm place, electrolytic zinc cathode guide electrical contact upper end that the conductive head obtained with embodiment 4 to existing compound casting conductive head is equipped with respectively is compared, with the conductive head that embodiment 4 is obtained the observed temperature of equipped electrolytic zinc cathode guide electrical contact, more existing compound casting conductive head the observed temperature of equipped electrolytic zinc cathode guide electrical contact, on average low 0.8 DEG C.Under the difference condition that eliminating workshop ventilation produces, in 12 days of measured conductive contact mean temperature, obtain the mean temperature at 30mm place, conductive contact upper end all lower than the mean temperature with existing compound casting conductive contact same position by embodiment 4.Improvement due to the overlap joint effect of conductive contact and the current delivery of copper/aluminium transition zone is described, reduces the ineffective energy consumption of electric current in transmitting procedure.
embodiment 5
By the existing specification preparing required copper billet and aluminium block in zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head method, get copper billet and aluminium block respectively; The material of copper billet is T2, and the material of aluminium block is L6101.The solder side of cleaning copper billet and aluminium block; Aluminium block solder side is laid the second solder, places the second solder with solder side center line symmetry; By copper billet and aluminium block stacking, make the solder side of solder side towards aluminium block of copper billet, form the second blank, this second blank is placed in heater, be warming up to 525 DEG C, then obtain the zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head of copper and aluminium dissimilar metal compound by the method for embodiment 4.
embodiment 6
By the existing specification preparing required copper billet and aluminium block in zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head method, get copper billet and aluminium block respectively; The material of copper billet is T2, and the material of aluminium block is L6101.The solder side of cleaning copper billet and aluminium block; Aluminium block solder side is laid the second solder, places the second solder with solder side center line symmetry; By copper billet and aluminium block stacking, make the solder side of solder side towards aluminium block of copper billet, form the second blank, this second blank is placed in heater, be warming up to 515 DEG C, then obtain the zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head of copper and aluminium dissimilar metal compound by the method for embodiment 4.

Claims (2)

1. zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head copper and an aluminium dissimilar metal complex method, it is characterized in that, this complex method specifically carries out according to the following steps:
Step 1: get copper billet and aluminium block respectively; The cleaning solder side of copper billet and the solder side of aluminium block;
Step 2: when the material of copper billet used is T2, when the material of aluminium block is L1060:
On the solder side of copper billet after the cleaning and after cleaning aluminium block solder side on apply brazing flux respectively; On the solder side of copper billet after the cleaning and after cleaning aluminium block solder side on apply the special brazing flux of solder used respectively; The first solder laid by the brazing flux of aluminium block solder side coating, when laying the first solder, then, copper billet is stacked on the solder side of aluminium block, copper billet solder side is contacted with the first solder on aluminium block solder side, forms the first blank; By the first blank heating to 600 ± 5 DEG C, make the first brazing filler metal melts, stop heating, take out, pressurization, air cooling; The zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head of obtained copper and aluminium dissimilar metal compound;
When the material of copper billet used is T2, when the material of aluminium block is L6101:
The second solder is laid at aluminium block solder side, when laying the second solder, with the center line of aluminium block solder side for symmetry axis, by the second solder symmetrical laying on the solder side of aluminium block, then, copper billet is stacked on the solder side of aluminium block, copper billet solder side is contacted with the second solder on aluminium block solder side, forms the second blank; By the second blank heating to 520 ± 5 DEG C, make the second brazing filler metal melts, stop heating, take out, pressurization, air cooling; Workpiece after clamping soldering, a weld seam in two weld seams making length longer upwards, carries out agitating friction welding to this weld seam, then, overturns 180 °, makes weld seam that another length is longer upward, carries out agitating friction welding to this weld seam; The weld penetration of twice agitating friction welding is all greater than 5mm, carries out agitating friction welding to this weld seam; The fabrication hole of friction stir welding is removed in cutting, the zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head of obtained copper and aluminium dissimilar metal compound.
2. zinc electrolysis cathode conducting head copper according to claim 1 and aluminium dissimilar metal complex method, it is characterized in that, when laying the first solder in step 2: with the center line of aluminium block solder side for symmetry axis, by the first solder symmetrical laying on the solder side of aluminium block, first solder to surround the shape of figure identical with the shape of aluminium block solder side, the first solder the distance surrounded between the aluminium block border corresponding with each border, each border of figure be 2 ~ 3mm.
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