CN104399441B - 一种蜂巢石水环境脱氮修复材料 - Google Patents

一种蜂巢石水环境脱氮修复材料 Download PDF

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CN104399441B
CN104399441B CN201410644494.7A CN201410644494A CN104399441B CN 104399441 B CN104399441 B CN 104399441B CN 201410644494 A CN201410644494 A CN 201410644494A CN 104399441 B CN104399441 B CN 104399441B
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张勇
宋箭
黄显怀
黄健
陶勇
叶真
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Anhui University of Architecture
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种蜂巢石水环境脱氮修复材料，其是由下述重量份的原料制得：秸秆20‑30、蜂巢石40‑50、凹凸棒土10‑20、钢渣粉20‑30、纳米铁粉2‑4、活性炭3‑5、玉米芯10‑15、粉煤灰10‑15、氧化淀粉1‑2、葡甘聚糖1‑4、丙烯酸1‑2、丙烯酰胺1‑2、明胶1‑2。

Description

一种 蜂巢石水环境脱氮修复材料
技术领域
本发明属水处理材料领域，尤其涉及一种蜂巢石水环境脱氮修复材料。
背景技术
改革开放以来，随着我国经济的飞速发展，氮污染物质在水体含量也随着上升。其主要原因是大规模的排放含氮废水废物。氮污染物质进入水的主要方式有：大气沉降、农田化肥、牲畜粪便、污水灌溉、地表径流、水体人工养殖、生产废水与生活污水的排放等。2012年8月6日，国务院正式印发了《节能减排“十二五”规划》。其中就要求到2015年，氨氮和氮氧化物排放总量比2010年各减少10%[1]。同时也颁布措施全面推进重点企业、农业实行清洁生产，从源头上控制氮污染。
20世纪70年代我国开始进行污水处理，部分城市利运用郊区的水塘洼坑、河道沼泽等修整围筑形成稳定塘，再开始处理净化城市污水[7]。待到20世纪80年代，城市水污染问题日益得到重视，我国第一座大型城巿污水处理厂在天津市被建成且于1984年开始使用，日处理量为26×l04m3d-1，到1995年我国建成169座城巿污水处理厂，年污水处理量为17.5×l08m3，处理率为8.7%；1980s前建成的城市污水处理厂大部分都采用普通曝气法加活性污泥处理工艺，主要去除BOD和SS，对氮磷的处理稍显薄弱，去除率极低[8]。近年来，随着排水标准的提高，我国引进并广泛采用了了国外新技术、工艺和设备等：例如AB法、氧化沟法、A/O、A/A/O工艺、SBR法等[10]。目前我国的污水处理厂约有9000座，日污水处理能力为7500万m3d-1，污水处理率超过66%，但仍然有大量生活污水被直接排放入自然水体，同时在已经建成的的污水处理厂中，有51.7%处理厂非正常运行，其中的8.1%基本不运行；22.7%的比例运行负荷不足30%；21%出水水质超标，污水处理形势和现状严峻。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种蜂巢石水环境脱氮修复材料。
为了实现上述目的本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种蜂巢石水环境脱氮修复材料，其特征在于，其是由下述重量份的原料制得：秸秆20-30、蜂巢石40-50、凹凸棒土10-20、钢渣粉20-30、纳米铁粉2-4、活性炭3-5、玉米芯10-15、粉煤灰10-15、氧化淀粉1-2、葡甘聚糖1-4、丙烯酸1-2、丙烯酰胺1-2、明胶1-2。
所述的蜂巢石水环境脱氮修复材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
（1）蜂巢石破碎，过筛，得颗粒粒径为15-18mm的蜂巢石粉；
（2）将玉米芯、秸秆干燥，粉碎，过 60 -80目 筛，再与颗粒粒径为15-18mm的蜂巢石粉、凹凸棒土、钢渣粉混匀后，于浓度为3-6%的盐酸溶液中浸泡1-1.5小时，后过滤，洗涤至中性，70-80℃下烘干，得酸改性后的矿物粉末；
(3)先将适量水加入反应釜中,然后再加入聚乙烯醇,110-130℃温度下搅拌10-20分钟，再加入氧化淀粉、葡甘聚糖并搅拌均匀，最后将纳米铁粉、丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺依次加入反应釜中,边加入边搅拌均匀，得复配凝胶;
（4）酸改性后的矿物粉末与复配凝胶搅拌均匀后，再加入剩余原料，搅拌均匀后，再升温至70-80℃，保温1-2小时后，取出，干燥，即得。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明的水环境修复材料通过酸改性矿物、凝胶负载纳米铁，既能有效地吸附污染物，也能充分吸收氮，达到水体生态修复和水质净化作用，应用广泛，同时该水环境修复材料的制备简单，便于实施。
具体实施方式
一种蜂巢石水环境脱氮修复材料，其是由下述重量（kg)的原料制得：秸秆30、蜂巢石50、凹凸棒土20、钢渣粉30、纳米铁粉4、活性炭5、玉米芯15、粉煤灰15、氧化淀粉2、葡甘聚糖1、丙烯酸2、丙烯酰胺2、明胶2。
所述的蜂巢石水环境脱氮修复材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）蜂巢石破碎，过筛，得颗粒粒径为15-18mm的蜂巢石粉；
（2）将玉米芯、秸秆干燥，粉碎，过 60目 筛，再与颗粒粒径为15-18mm的蜂巢石粉、凹凸棒土、钢渣粉混匀后，于浓度为6%的盐酸溶液中浸泡1小时，后过滤，洗涤至中性，80℃下烘干，得酸改性后的矿物粉末；
(3)先将适量水加入反应釜中,然后再加入聚乙烯醇,130℃温度下搅拌20分钟，再加入氧化淀粉、葡甘聚糖并搅拌均匀，最后将纳米铁粉、丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺依次加入反应釜中,边加入边搅拌均匀，得复配凝胶;
（4）酸改性后的矿物粉末与复配凝胶搅拌均匀后，再加入剩余原料，搅拌均匀后，再升温至70℃，保温2小时后，取出，干燥，即得。
将本实施例加入水处理装置中，实验测得其总氮去除率为65-83%，氨氮去除率为92-96%，强化脱氮效果显著。

Claims (1)

1.一种蜂巢石水环境脱氮修复材料，其特征在于，其是由下述重量份的原料制得：秸秆20-30、蜂巢石40-50、凹凸棒土10-20、钢渣粉20-30、纳米铁粉2-4、活性炭3-5、玉米芯10-15、粉煤灰10-15、氧化淀粉1-2、葡甘聚糖1-4、丙烯酸1-2、丙烯酰胺1-2、明胶1-2；
所述蜂巢石水环境脱氮修复材料的制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）蜂巢石破碎，过筛，得颗粒粒径为15-18mm的蜂巢石粉；
（2）将玉米芯、秸秆干燥，粉碎，过 60 -80目 筛，再与颗粒粒径为15-18mm的蜂巢石粉、凹凸棒土、钢渣粉混匀后，于浓度为3-6%的盐酸溶液中浸泡1-1.5小时，后过滤，洗涤至中性，70-80℃下烘干，得酸改性后的矿物粉末；
(3)先将适量水加入反应釜中,然后再加入聚乙烯醇,110-130℃温度下搅拌10-20分钟，再加入氧化淀粉、葡甘聚糖并搅拌均匀，最后将纳米铁粉、丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺依次加入反应釜中,边加入边搅拌均匀，得复配凝胶；
（4）酸改性后的矿物粉末与复配凝胶搅拌均匀后，再加入剩余原料，搅拌均匀后，再升温至70-80℃，保温1-2小时后，取出，干燥，即得。
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