CN106345416A - 一种粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂及制备方法和使用方法 - Google Patents

一种粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂及制备方法和使用方法 Download PDF

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CN106345416A
CN106345416A CN201610890562.7A CN201610890562A CN106345416A CN 106345416 A CN106345416 A CN 106345416A CN 201610890562 A CN201610890562 A CN 201610890562A CN 106345416 A CN106345416 A CN 106345416A
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fly ash
ash grain
hours
compound adsorbent
adsorbent
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闫升
王国瑞
王千里
谢民
谢一民
康磊
李岳
马飞龙
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Chemical Laboratory Center Of Ningxia Baota (co Ltd)
Ningxia Baota Petrochemical Technology Industry Development Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
    • B01J20/0274—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04 characterised by the type of anion
    • B01J20/0281—Sulfates of compounds other than those provided for in B01J20/045
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
    • B01J2220/4875—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being a waste, residue or of undefined composition
    • B01J2220/4887—Residues, wastes, e.g. garbage, municipal or industrial sludges, compost, animal manure; fly-ashes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil

Abstract

本发明涉及用于含油碱性污水技术领域，公开了一种粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂及其制备方法和使用方法，该粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按原料组成为；粉煤灰、丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸、凹凸土、硝酸、硫酸亚铁和水，本发明的粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂制备方法简单，使用方便，成本低，属于环保型产品，其性能明显优于现有常规活性炭颗粒吸附剂的性能，对含油碱性污水适应性强，特别用于原油加工过程中的含油碱性污水处理，能够提高含油碱性污水处理效果，从而满足原油深加工发展的环保要求。

Description

一种粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂及制备方法和使用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种吸附剂，具体涉及一种含油碱性污水处理用粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂及其制备方法和使用方法。
背景技术
目前含油碱性污水处理上使用的颗粒吸附剂是用煤经过酸等处理，在高温的条件下，加工成不同粒径的颗粒、不同吸附性能的活性炭颗粒吸附剂。此颗粒吸附剂适应性差，特别是用于含油碱性污水中适应性更差，处理后污水PH测定按（CJ26.1-1991）标准，在25℃测定pH=8-10，污水含油性能测定按（SY-T0530-1993）标准，在室温用分光光度计测定结果是污水含油2000ppm,已不能满足原油深加工发展的环保要求。
发明内容
针对目前含油碱性污水处理采用的颗粒吸附剂适应性差、不能满足原油加工环保要求的问题，本发明公开了一种粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂及其制备方法和使用方法。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂，其原料重量百分比组成为：粉煤灰15%—60%、丙烯酰胺1%—10%、丙烯酸3%—5%、硝酸2.5%—5%、硫酸亚铁2%—6%、凹凸土5%—50%和余量水。
一种粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂的制备方法：1）将粉煤灰、凹凸土混合均匀加热到80℃至106℃，恒温2小时至6小时，自然降温至室温；2）在室温下加入所需要量的硝酸、硫酸亚铁，在加热到200℃至400℃，恒温2小时至12小时，3）在降温到50℃，然后加入用水溶解的丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸溶液，搅拌均匀后升温到106℃，恒温2小时至6小时.降温到室温，得到粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂。
一种上述粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂的使用方法，按下述步骤进行：将粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按处理水量的重量百分比0.02%-5%，放置于过滤池底部，控制粉煤灰颗粒复合剂的厚度50mm-160mm,随后水从过滤池上部进入，通过粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂。
该粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂的使用方法，按下述步骤进行：按重量百分比将粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂放置于过滤池底部，控制粉煤灰颗粒复合剂的厚度50mm-160mm,随后水从过滤池上部进入，通过粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂。
本发明使用方便，其性能明显优于现有常规活性炭颗粒吸附剂的性能，对含油碱性污水适应性强，特别用于原油加工过程中的含油碱性污水处理，能够提高含油碱性污水处理效果，且成本低，属于环保型产品，从而满足原油深加工发展的环保要求。
具体实施方式
实施例1，该粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按原料重量百分比组成为：粉煤灰15%、丙烯酰胺1%、丙烯酸3%、硝酸2.5%、硫酸亚铁2%、凹凸土5%和余量水。
实施例2，该粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按原料重量百分比组成为：粉煤灰60%、丙烯酰胺1%、丙烯酸4%、硝酸5%、硫酸亚铁6%、凹凸土5%和余量水。
实施例3，该粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按原料重量百分比组成为：粉煤灰15%、丙烯酰胺1%、丙烯酸3%、硝酸2.5%、硫酸亚铁6%、凹凸土50%和余量水。
实施例4，该粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按原料重量百分比组成为: 粉煤灰30%、丙烯酰胺1%、丙烯酸3%、硝酸2.5%、硫酸亚铁2%、凹凸土5%和余量水。
实施例5，该粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按原料重量百分比组成为: 粉煤灰15%、丙烯酰胺10%、丙烯酸3%、硝酸5%、硫酸亚铁2%、凹凸土47%和余量水。
实施例6，该粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按原料重量百分比组成为: 粉煤灰15%、丙烯酰胺10%、丙烯酸5%、硝酸2.5%、硫酸亚铁5%、凹凸土50%和余量水。
实施例7，该粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按原料重量百分比组成为: 粉煤灰50%、丙烯酰胺6%、丙烯酸3%、硝酸2.5%、硫酸亚铁2%、凹凸土15%和余量水。
实施例8，该粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按原料重量百分比组成为: 粉煤灰20%、丙烯酰胺10%、丙烯酸3%、硝酸2.5%、硫酸亚铁5%、凹凸土35%和余量水。
实施例9，该粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按原料重量百分比组成为: 粉煤灰15%、丙烯酰胺5%、丙烯酸5%、硝酸5%、硫酸亚铁3%、凹凸土50%和余量水。
按实施例1至9的粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂原料配方按下述步骤制备：
1）将粉煤灰、凹凸土混合均匀加热到80℃至106℃，恒温2小时至6小时，自然降温至室温；
2）在室温下加入所需要量的硝酸、硫酸亚铁，搅拌均匀后加热到200℃至400℃，恒温2小时至12小时；3）在降温到50℃，然后加入用水溶解的丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸溶液，搅拌均匀后升温到106℃，恒温2小时至6小时，降温到室温，得到粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂。
将制备好的实施例1至8的粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按下述使用方法使用：将粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按处理水量的重量百分比0.02%-5%，放置于过滤池底部，控制粉煤灰颗粒复合剂的厚度50mm-160mm，随后水从过滤池上部进入。
处理后污水pH测定按（CJ26.1-1991）标准，在25℃测定PH=6.5-7。污水含油性能测定按（SY-T0530-1993）标准，在室温用分光光度计测定结果是污水含油小于5ppm。这证明：本发明粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂的性能明显优于现有常规活性炭类颗粒吸附剂的性能。

Claims (3)

1.一种粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂，其特征在于原料各组分重量百分比组成为：粉煤灰15%—60%、丙烯酰胺1%—10%、丙烯酸3%—5%、硝酸2.5%—5%、硫酸亚铁2%—6%、凹凸土5%—50%和余量水。
2.一种权利要求1所述的粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于按以下步骤：1）将粉煤灰、凹凸土混合均匀加热到80℃至106℃，恒温2小时至6小时，自然降温至室温；2）在室温下加入所需要量的硝酸、硫酸亚铁，在加热到200℃至400℃，恒温2小时至12小时；3）在降温到50℃，然后加入用水溶解的丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸溶液，搅拌均匀后升温到106℃，恒温2小时至6小时.降温到室温，得到粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂。
3.一种权利要求1-2的粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂使用方法，其特征在于将粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂按处理水量的重量百分比0.02%-5%，放置于过滤池底部，控制粉煤灰颗粒复合剂的厚度50mm-160mm,随后水从过滤池上部进入，通过粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂。
CN201610890562.7A 2016-10-13 2016-10-13 一种粉煤灰颗粒复合吸附剂及制备方法和使用方法 Pending CN106345416A (zh)

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