CN104386075B - Wagon for transporting commercial trucks and loading method for wagon - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a railway freight car for transporting commercial trucks and a loading method thereof, which comprises a car body, four lifting devices, four bridge plate devices and four transition plate devices; the car body includes a spliced center beam, The middle section of the center sill is connected to the concave bottom of the vehicle body, and a guiding device is respectively arranged on both sides of the concave bottom. The other end is connected to a traction beam, and the traction beam is connected to the end platform of the vehicle body; a number of fastening seats are arranged on both sides of the top of the middle beam and the traction beam; a bridge plate device is provided on both sides of each slope surface, and the The two sides of the end are respectively connected with a bridge device, and a lifting device is arranged on both sides of the top of the two side walls of the vehicle body. Each lifting device is hinged to a moving arm, and the end of each moving arm is provided with a Connection hole for the other mobile arm. The invention can be widely used in the transportation of various vehicles by railway wagons.

Description

A railway wagon for transporting commercial trucks and its loading method

technical field

The invention relates to a railway freight car, in particular to a railway freight car suitable for non-overrun transportation of commercial heavy trucks and a loading method thereof.

Background technique

At present, most of the commercial heavy-duty trucks are transported by road, but with the strengthening of road operation management law enforcement, the influence of factors such as the increase of fuel prices and labor costs, and the unfavorable factors such as the difficulty in improving the quality of product delivery, the original road transport mode The advantage of the flat car is obviously weakened; while the use of the existing railway flat car to transport heavy trucks, due to the high load-bearing surface of the flat car, generally belongs to overrun transportation, and the transportation efficiency and transportation cost are adversely affected. There is no railway wagon vehicle specially used for transporting commercial trucks both at home and abroad. In the 1980s and 1990s in the United States, a humpback transportation mode emerged. It uses a special railway vehicle to transport a truck full of goods through the railway for long-distance transportation. The special railway vehicle humpback flat car has a low floor loading surface, It bears the characteristics of heavy concentrated load. Generally, one railway wagon loads one truck. At the same time, in the foreign commodity vehicle logistics market, regardless of the United States, Russia, Europe and Australia, double-decker or even three-decker vehicles are used to transport passenger cars, but there are no railway vehicles specially used to transport commercial vehicles such as heavy trucks.

my country's domestic freight market has its own organizational model and characteristics. Due to the influence of various factors such as the development of domestic logistics companies, the formation of national railway freight pricing, and the economic benefits of carriers, the foreign humpback transportation model has not been established in my country's railway transportation market. appeared on. At present, most of the products of domestic heavy truck manufacturers are transported by road transport, often adopting the method of one heavy truck hunchback and another heavy truck for transportation. The problem of ultra-high and over-limit road transport will become more and more prominent, and there are potential safety hazards in this way. . Therefore, heavy truck production and logistics companies want to find a more legal, reliable, economical and environmentally friendly transportation mode.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a railway wagon and its loading method for transporting commercial trucks that can make full use of the effective space, securely position the transport loading truck, not exceed the vehicle limit, and the loading truck can drive in and out normally. .

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a railway wagon for transporting commercial trucks, characterized in that: it includes a car body, four lifting devices, four bridge plate devices and four ferry plate devices; The vehicle body includes a five-section spliced structure central sill arranged symmetrically at both ends, the central sill runs through and supports the longitudinal center of the vehicle body, and the middle section of the central sill is a concave and straight central sill , the middle beam is connected with the concave bottom of the car body, a guiding device is respectively arranged on both sides of the concave bottom, and a connecting beam inclined upward is respectively connected to two ends of the middle beam, and the The connecting beams are connected to the slope surface of the vehicle body, and the other end of each connecting beam is respectively connected to a straight segment of the traction beam, and the traction beam is connected to the end platform of the vehicle body; in the middle On both sides of the beam and the top of the traction beam, a number of fastening seats are arranged at intervals along the length direction; four lifting devices are relatively arranged on the top of the two side walls of the vehicle body, and each lifting device includes A lifting bracket, a winch is arranged on the top of each of the lifting brackets, a moving arm that moves up and down along the lifting bracket is hinged on each of the lifting brackets, and the end of each of the moving arms Each part is provided with a connecting hole for lapping the other moving arm; four bridge plate devices are arranged on both sides of the two slope surfaces of the vehicle body in pairs, and each bridge plate device includes a A hinged bracket, one end of the hinged bracket is connected to the car body, the other end of the hinged bracket is connected to the bottom of a slide plate, the slide plate is inserted in a chute at the bottom of a slant plate, and the outer end of the slide plate A link mechanism is connected; the four transition board devices are arranged on both sides of the two ends of the vehicle body, and each of the transition board devices includes two shaft seats arranged on the side wall of the vehicle body end and The two brackets are rotatably connected with a turning plate on the two shaft seats through a pin shaft.

The car body floor, the slide plate and the slant plate are all made of steel plates with anti-skid patterns.

The flap is made by one of anti-slip patterned steel plate and hollow patterned plate.

The winch on the lifting bracket upper part of the lifting device is one of an electric hoist and a manual hoist.

The above-mentioned railway freight car loading method comprises the following steps:

When the truck is loaded: 1) turn the flap of each ferry device outwards and drop it on the bracket; 2) drive the first truck into the end platform at the front end of the car body and park it, and place the first truck Lock hoops respectively on the fastening seats on the end platform of the truck and the front part of the car body; 3) put down the moving arms of each lifting device close to the two sides of the first truck respectively, and connect the two moving arms as a whole through pin shafts, Simultaneously open two hoisting devices to lift the tail of the truck by moving up the two moving arms; 4) Then the second truck is reversed and driven into the concave bottom of the car body, and its tail is parked when it is placed under the tail of the first truck. And the second truck and each fastening seat on the concave bottom of the car body are respectively locked; 5) start the lifting device and then move the hoisted first truck down through the moving arm, so that the first truck 6) The third truck is driven into the sunken bottom of the car body and parked at a certain distance relative to the second truck and the third truck is placed on the sunken bottom of the car body. 7) Start the bridge plate device placed at the rear of the third truck, and pull out the slide plate placed in the chute at the bottom of the inclined plate by pulling the linkage mechanism, and set it up above the rear of the third truck ; 8) drive the fourth truck back on the end platform at the rear end of the car body, place the tail of the truck on the slide plate of the bridge plate device, and place the fourth truck and each fastening seat on the end platform of the car body respectively Lock hoop; 9) Turn the flap of the ferry device inwards and drop it in the groove of the car body to complete the loading task.

When the truck is unloaded: 1) Turn the flap of each ferry device outwards and drop it on the bracket; 2) Loosen the lock hoops of the fastening seats connected to the fourth truck, and put the fourth truck directly Drive out from the platform at the end of the car body; 3) Push the sliding plate of the bridge plate device through the thrust of the connecting rod mechanism, so that the hinged brackets at the lower part of the sliding plate are superimposed, and the sliding plate and the inclined plate are overlapped and stored; 4) Loosen the connection to the third each fastening seat lock hoop of the first truck, and then the third truck is rolled out backward from the bottom of the concave of the car body; The second truck disengages and stops the suspension; 6) loosen the lock hoops connecting the second truck, and then drive the second truck directly out from the concave bottom of the car body; 7) restart the lifting device , the tail of the first truck moves down through the moving arm to bring the wheel of the first truck into contact with the ground; 8) pull out the pin shaft connecting the two moving arms, and turn up each moving arm to abut on the respective connecting 9) Loosen the lock hoops of the fastening seats connected to the first truck, and drive the first truck backwards; 10) Turn the flaps of each ferry device inwards and drop them on the car body In the groove, the unloading task is completed.

Because the present invention adopts the above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1. Due to the adoption of the logistics transportation mode of truck rear stacking in the present invention, commercial heavy-duty trucks that are difficult to transport in the past can be realized at a running speed of up to 120km/h by railway freight cars. Normal transportation without exceeding the limit, so the loss and damage of commercial vehicles during transportation are reduced, and long-distance fast transportation is realized to meet the needs of the logistics market. 2. The present invention can make the trucks parked at each position more reliable and safe due to the design of some fastening seats on the vehicle body. 3. Since the present invention designs the lifting device and the bridge plate device on the truck, it can realize the stacking of the tail of the heavy truck, increase the number of loaded trucks, and improve the efficiency of transporting the heavy truck. 4. In the present invention, since the guiding devices are designed on both sides of the concave bottom of the car body, it can effectively prevent the truck from being damaged by touching the railway freight car during the self-loading and unloading process. 5. Since the present invention is provided with a bridge device on both ends of the car body, it is convenient for the truck to pass by itself, speeds up the loading speed, and reduces the transportation and loading cost. The present invention can be widely used among various other vehicles for railway transportation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of front view of the present invention

Fig. 3 is a top view schematic diagram of the present invention

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the center beam of the present invention

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working positions of the two lifting devices of the present invention

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the state of the bridge plate working position of the present invention

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the non-working position state of the bridge plate of the present invention

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the working position state of the crossing plate of the present invention

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the state of the non-working position of the ferry plate of the present invention

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the loading state of the first truck of the present invention

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the loading state of the second truck of the present invention

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the loading state of the third truck of the present invention

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the loading state of the fourth truck of the present invention

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention includes a car body 10 , four lifting devices 20 , four bridge plate devices 30 and four bridge plate devices 40 .

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the vehicle body 10 of the present invention includes a central sill 11 of a five-section splicing structure that is symmetrically arranged at both ends, and the central sill 11 is supported through the longitudinal center of the vehicle body 10. It is a concave and straight intermediate beam 111, which is connected with the concave bottom 12 of the vehicle body 10, and a guiding device 13 is respectively connected on both sides of the concave bottom 12 to prevent the truck from colliding with the vehicle body 10. The intermediate beam 111 The two ends of each connecting beam 112 are respectively connected to a connecting beam 112 inclined upwards. The connecting beam 112 is connected with the slope surface 14 of the car body 10. The end platforms 15 of the body 10 are connected. On both sides of the top of the middle beam 111 and the towing beam 113 , a number of fastening seats 114 are arranged at intervals along the length direction for fastening with the vehicle body 10 when loading a truck.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 5, four lifting devices 20 of the present invention are relatively arranged on the top of the side walls of the car body 10, each lifting device 20 includes a heavy bracket 21, and each lifting bracket 21 The top is all provided with a hoist (not shown in the figure), all hinged a moving arm 22 that moves up and down along the lifting bracket 21 on each lifting bracket 21, and the end of each moving arm 22 is all provided with a bridge for overlapping. The connection hole 23 of the other movable arm 22 .

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, four bridge plate devices 30 of the present invention are distributed on both sides of each slope surface 14 of the vehicle body 10, and each bridge plate device 30 includes a hinged bracket 31 , one end of the hinged bracket 31 is connected to the car body 10, the other end of the hinged bracket 31 is connected to the bottom of a slide plate 32, the slide plate 32 is inserted in the chute at the bottom of a slant plate 33, and the outer end of the slide plate 32 is connected to a linkage mechanism 34.

As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 8, four transition board devices 40 of the present invention are distributed at both ends of the vehicle body 10, and each transition board device 40 includes two axle seats 41 and Two brackets 42 , wherein, two shaft seats 41 are arranged on the inner side of the two brackets 42 at intervals, and a pin shaft 43 is distributed on the two shaft seats 41 and is connected to a turning plate 44 by rotation.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the bottom of each draw beam 113 is respectively connected with an upper center plate 16, and each draw beam 113 is respectively connected with a front slave plate seat 17 and a rear slave plate seat 18, and the two ends of the vehicle body 10 pass through each The front slave plate seat 17 and the rear slave plate seat 18 are connected to the coupler buffer device 1 at both ends of the car body 10 to transmit the traction force or compression force borne by the car body 10. The bottom of the car body 10 is connected to the bogie through the upper center plate 16. 2 on.

In the above embodiment, the floor of the vehicle body 10, the slide plate 32 and the slant plate 33 are all made of steel plates with anti-skid patterns. Turning plate 44 adopts a kind of processing in the steel plate of anti-skid pattern, the pattern plate of hollow out. A brake device 3 is provided between the vehicle body 10 and the bogie 2 .

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the winch of lifting device 20 is a kind of in chain hoist, electric hoist, when loading and unloading truck, manually put down the moving arm 22 that is attached to the side wall of lifting bracket 21, and move the two arms through the pin shaft. After the arm 22 is connected, start the hoist again to drive the movable arm 22 to move up and down along the hinged support 31, and drive the tail of the truck to lift, so as to realize stacking of the tail between two adjacent trucks (as shown in Figure 5). When the hoisting device 20 is not working, after the pin shaft connecting the two moving arms 22 is pulled out, each moving arm 22 is turned upwards and leaned against the lifting bracket 21, so that the truck can pass normally.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, when the bridge plate device 30 is loaded with goods and the railway wagon is running, the slide plate 32 is supported by the lower hinge bracket 31, and under the action of the pull-up of the link mechanism 34, it extends obliquely upward along the chute of the swash plate 33 to work. bit status (as shown in Figure 6). When the railway wagon is in an empty state, the slide plate 32 is pushed by the link mechanism 34, so that the hinged support 31 at the bottom of the slide plate 32 is superimposed, so that the slide plate 32 and the swash plate 33 are stacked and folded into a non-working position state (as shown in FIG. 7). Its effect is to stagger the gap between the two truck wheels up and down after the vehicle body 10 end platform surface 15 and the concave bottom 12 of the vehicle body 10 are loaded with the truck when loading and unloading the truck, so as to realize the self-driving of the truck.

In the above embodiment, the function of the ferry device 40 is to bridge the gap between the connected railway wagons when loading and unloading the trucks, so as to realize the self-driving of the trucks. When the ferry device 40 is loading and unloading goods, the flap 44 should be turned outwards and landed on the bracket 42 to be a working position (as shown in Figure 8 ). 44 should turn inwards and fall in the groove of car body 10 to be the non-working position state (as shown in Figure 9).

The loading method of the truck of the present invention comprises the following steps: as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 8

1) The flap 44 of each flap device 40 is turned outwards and landed on the bracket 42;

2) Drive the first truck into the end platform 15 at the front end of the car body 10 and park it, and lock the first truck with each fastening seat 114 on the end platform 15 at the front of the car body 10 (as shown in the figure). 10);

3) Put down the moving arms 22 of each lifting device 20 close to the two sides of the first truck respectively, connect the two moving arms 22 as a whole through the pin shaft, and open the two lifting devices 20 at the same time to pass the tail of the truck through the two moving arms 22 move up;

4) Then the second truck is reversed into the concave bottom 12 of the car body 10, and its tail is parked when it is placed below the tail of the first truck, and the second truck is placed on the concave bottom 12 of the car body 10. Each fastening seat 114 locks hoops respectively;

5) Start the hoisting device 20 and move down the lifted first truck through the moving arm 22, so that the tail of the first truck is stacked on the second truck (as shown in Figure 11);

6) Drive the third truck into the concave bottom 12 of the car body 10 and stop at a certain distance relative to the second truck, and lock the third truck with the fastening seats 114 on the concave bottom 12 of the car body 10 respectively. hoop (as shown in Figure 12);

7) Start the bridge plate device 30 placed at the tail of the third truck, pull the slide plate 32 placed in the chute at the bottom of the swash plate 33 by pulling the linkage mechanism 34, and set it on the top of the tail of the third truck;

8) The fourth truck is reversed onto the end platform 15 at the rear end of the car body 10, the tail of the truck is placed on the slide plate 32 of the bridge plate device 30, and the fourth truck is placed on the end platform 15 of the car body 10. Each fastening seat 114 locks hoops respectively (as shown in Figure 13);

9) Turn the flap 44 of the diverter device 40 inwards and drop it into the groove of the vehicle body 10 to complete the loading task.

The unloading method of the truck of the present invention comprises the following steps: as shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 7 and Fig. 9

1) The flap 44 of each flap device 40 is turned outwards and landed on the bracket 42;

2) Loosen the lock hoops of the fastening seats 114 connected to the fourth truck, and drive the fourth truck directly from the platform 15 at the end of the car body 10;

3) The sliding plate 32 of the bridge plate device 30 is pushed by the connecting rod mechanism 33, so that the hinge bracket 31 at the bottom of the sliding plate 32 is overlapped, and the sliding plate 32 and the inclined plate 33 are overlapped and put away;

4) Loosen the lock hoops of the fastening seats 114 connected to the third truck, and then drive the third truck back from the concave bottom 12 of the car body 10;

5) Start the two hoisting devices 20 for hanging the first truck, disengage the afterbody of the first truck from the second truck and stop the suspension;

6) Loosen the lock hoops of the fastening seats 114 connected to the second truck, and then drive the second truck directly out from the concave bottom 12 of the car body 10;

7) Restart the hoisting device 20, the tail of the first truck moves down through the moving arm 22 and the wheels of the first truck are brought into contact with the ground;

8) Pull out the pin shaft connecting the two movable arms 22, and turn up each movable arm 22 to lean against the respective connected lifting bracket 21;

9) Loosen the lock hoops of each fastening seat 114 connected to the first truck, and drive the first truck backwards;

10) Turn the flap 44 of each diverter device 40 inwards and drop it into the groove of the car body 10 to complete the unloading task.

Above-mentioned each embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention, wherein the structure of each component, connection mode etc. all can be changed to some extent, every equivalent conversion and improvement carried out on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, all should not be excluded from the present invention. outside the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A railway wagon for transporting commercial trucks is characterized in that: it comprises a car body, four hoisting devices, four bridge plate devices and four ferry plate devices; The vehicle body includes a five-section spliced structure central sill arranged symmetrically at both ends, the central sill runs through and supports the longitudinal center of the vehicle body, and the middle section of the central sill is a concave and straight central sill , the middle beam is connected with the concave bottom of the car body, a guiding device is respectively arranged on both sides of the concave bottom, and a connecting beam inclined upward is respectively connected to two ends of the middle beam, and the The connecting beams are connected to the slope surface of the vehicle body, and the other end of each connecting beam is respectively connected to a straight segment of the traction beam, and the traction beam is connected to the end platform of the vehicle body; in the middle On both sides of the beam and the top of the traction beam, a number of fastening seats are arranged at intervals along the length direction; The four lifting devices are relatively arranged on the top of the two side walls of the car body, each of the lifting devices includes a lifting bracket, and a winch is arranged on the top of each of the lifting brackets. A moving arm that moves up and down along the lifting bracket is hinged on the lifting bracket, and the end of each moving arm is provided with a connecting hole for overlapping another moving arm; The four bridge plate devices are arranged in pairs on both sides of the two slope surfaces of the vehicle body, and each bridge plate device includes a hinged bracket, and one end of the hinged bracket is connected to the vehicle body. The other end of the hinged bracket is connected to the bottom of a slide plate, the slide plate is inserted in a chute at the bottom of a slant plate, and the outer end of the slide plate is connected to a linkage mechanism; The four crossing board devices are arranged on both sides of the two ends of the car body. Each of the crossing board devices includes two axle seats and two brackets arranged on the side walls of the car body ends. A turning plate is rotatably connected to the shaft seat through a pin shaft. 2. A railway freight car for transporting commercial trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that: the floor of the car body, the slide plate and the inclined plate are all made of steel plates with anti-skid patterns. 3 . The railway wagon for transporting commercial trucks according to claim 1 , wherein the flap is made by one of a steel plate with anti-skid pattern and a hollow pattern plate. 4 . 4. A railway wagon for transporting commercial trucks according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the hoist at the upper part of the lifting bracket of the lifting device is one of an electric hoist and a manual hoist. 5. The railway wagon loading method for transporting commercial trucks according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps: When the truck is loaded: 1) Turn the flap of each crossing board device outwards and place it on the bracket; 2) Drive the first truck into the end platform at the front end of the car body and park it, and lock the first truck and each fastening seat on the end platform at the front of the car body respectively; 3) Put down the moving arms of each lifting device close to the two sides of the first truck respectively, connect the two moving arms as a whole through the pin shaft, and open the two lifting devices at the same time to lift the tail of the truck through the two moving arms; 4) Then drive the second truck back into the concave bottom of the car body, stop when its tail is placed below the tail of the first truck, and tie the second truck to the concave bottom of the car body lock hoop separately; 5) Start the hoisting device and then move down the lifted first truck through the moving arm, so that the tail of the first truck falls on the second truck; 6) Drive the third truck into the concave bottom of the car body and stop at a certain distance relative to the second truck, and lock the third truck and the fastening seats on the concave bottom of the car body respectively; 7) Start the bridge plate device placed at the rear of the third truck, and pull out the slide plate placed in the chute at the bottom of the inclined plate by pulling the linkage mechanism, and set it up above the rear of the third truck; 8) Drive the fourth truck back onto the end platform at the rear end of the car body, place the tail of the truck on the slide plate of the bridge plate device, and lock the fourth truck with the fastening seats on the end platform of the car body respectively. hoop; 9) Turn the flap of the ferry device inwards and drop it into the groove of the car body to complete the loading task; When the truck is unloaded: 1) Turn the flap of each crossing board device outwards until it falls on the bracket; 2) Loosen the lock hoops connecting the fourth truck, and drive the fourth truck directly from the end platform of the car body; 3) Push the sliding plate of the bridge plate device through the thrust of the connecting rod mechanism, so that the hinged bracket at the lower part of the sliding plate is superimposed, and the sliding plate and the inclined plate are overlapped and put away; 4) Loosen the lock hoops connecting the third truck, and drive the third truck back from the concave bottom of the car body; 5) Start the two hoisting devices for hanging the first truck, and disengage the tail of the first truck from the second truck to stop the hanging; 6) Loosen the lock hoops connecting the second truck, and then drive the second truck directly out from the concave bottom of the car body; 7) Restart the lifting device, the tail of the first truck moves down through the moving arm to bring the wheels of the first truck into contact with the ground; 8) Pull out the pin shaft connecting the two moving arms, and turn up each moving arm to lean against the respective connected lifting brackets; 9) Loosen the lock hoops connecting the first truck, and drive the first truck backwards; 10) Turn the flaps of each transition board device inwards and drop them into the grooves of the car body to complete the unloading task.