CN104383065A - 一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法，中医认为痢疾的形成，是因饮食不节，误食不洁之物，酿生湿热或寒湿，气血凝滞，化为脓血所致。故以清热化湿、调气行血为治则。为此，选择绿豆、苦瓜汁、马齿苋、川连、黄芪克、黄柏、黄连、苦参、木香，制成药剂，对患者进行保留灌肠，取得了较好的疗效，经我院临床试验，总有效率达到95.0％，而且症状消失平均时间明显短于西药治疗，值得临床推广应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药组合物，尤其涉及一种治疗小儿痢疾的中药及治疗方法。
背景技术
痢疾是由痢疾杆菌引起的急性肠道传染病，多发于夏秋季节，通过被污染的食物而传播。传播途径主要是通过病人或带菌者的粪便以及由带菌的苍蝇污染日常用具、餐具、儿童玩具、饮料等传染他人。人群有普遍易感性，儿童感染的机会较成人多，故发病率也较高。婴幼儿患菌痢时，随体温升高，可出现精神萎靡、嗜睡和烦躁，甚至惊厥，排便前每因腹痛而哭闹不安。痢疾症状常不典型，表现为肠功能紊乱，见消化不良性大便，排便时用力或面部胀红提示里急后重。轻者可表现为低热或中等发热、头晕、疲乏无力、食欲不振；严重者可见高热、精神委靡、烦躁，进而面色苍白、四肢厥冷、血压下降，甚至出现口唇与甲床紫绀、持续惊厥、神志昏迷等危象。
小儿痢疾的治疗目前主要以西药抗生素为主，如复方新诺明、痢特灵、庆大霉素等，虽有一定的疗效，但副作用较大，容易产生抗药性；中药治疗虽然副作小，但中药汤剂不适合小儿服用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种使用方法简单、疗效可靠的治疗小儿痢疾的中药组分及治疗方法，疗效高，无明显副作用。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现：
一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法，其特征在于，该治疗小儿痢疾的药物由以下重量份的中药制成：绿豆3-5克、苦瓜汁5-7克、马齿苋3-5克、川连3-6克、黄芪1-3克、黄柏3-5克、黄连4-6克、苦参4-6克、木香2-5克。
一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法，该治疗小儿痢疾的药物由以下重量份的中药制成：绿豆4克、苦瓜汁6克、马齿苋4克、川连4克、黄芪2克、黄柏3克、黄连4克、苦参4克、木香3克。
一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法，该方法具体包括以下步骤：
a、精选药材：以重量分计，取绿豆4克、苦瓜汁6克、马齿苋4克、川连4克、黄芪2克、黄柏3克、黄连4克、苦参4克、木香3克；
b、药物煎熬：将步骤“a”选择的药材混合加水1000-1500克，浸泡3-5小时后，武火煎煮沸腾30分钟，再用文火煎煮30-40分钟，过滤得煎煮液，将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内；将过滤的药渣加水5倍量，先用武火煮沸，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第二次煎煮液；将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀，再用文火煎煮15分钟，最后取出混合液盛于容器备用；
c、小儿灌肠：将步骤“b”中盛于容器的药液置于水中加温至37℃-39℃，高热患儿不加温，患儿排便后，用50ml注射器抽吸药液接上14-16号一次性导尿管，将前端润滑后，从肛门轻轻插入导管10-15cm，缓慢推注药液完毕，将导管末端抬高，再注入5ml温生理盐水冲洗导管，轻慢拔出导管，用卫生纸在肛门处轻轻按揉1-2min，然后用手轻轻捏住小儿肛门5-10min，尽量使药液在肠道内保持1h以上。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供的一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法，克服了西药治疗小儿痢疾存在副作用较大，容易产生抗药性的缺点；同时克服中药治疗虽然副作小，但中药汤剂不适合小儿服用的弊端，治疗效果显著。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法，其特征在于，该治疗小儿痢疾的药物由以下重量份的中药制成：绿豆3-5克、苦瓜汁5-7克、马齿苋3-5克、川连3-6克、黄芪1-3克、黄柏3-5克、黄连4-6克、苦参4-6克、木香2-5克。
一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法，该治疗小儿痢疾的药物由以下重量份的中药制成：绿豆4克、苦瓜汁6克、马齿苋4克、川连4克、黄芪2克、黄柏3克、黄连4克、苦参4克、木香3克。
一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法，该方法具体包括以下步骤：
a、精选药材：以重量分计，取绿豆4克、苦瓜汁6克、马齿苋4克、川连4克、黄芪2克、黄柏3克、黄连4克、苦参4克、木香3克；
b、药物煎熬：将步骤“a”选择的药材混合加水1000-1500克，浸泡3-5小时后，武火煎煮沸腾30分钟，再用文火煎煮30-40分钟，过滤得煎煮液，将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内；将过滤的药渣加水5倍量，先用武火煮沸，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第二次煎煮液；将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀，再用文火煎煮15分钟，最后取出混合液盛于容器备用；
c、小儿灌肠：将步骤“b”中盛于容器的药液置于水中加温至37℃-39℃，高热患儿不加温，患儿排便后，用50ml注射器抽吸药液接上14-16号一次性导尿管，将前端润滑后，从肛门轻轻插入导管10-15cm，缓慢推注药液完毕，将导管末端抬高，再注入5ml温生理盐水冲洗导管，轻慢拔出导管，用卫生纸在肛门处轻轻按揉1-2min，然后用手轻轻捏住小儿肛门5-10min，尽量使药液在肠道内保持1h以上。
实施例1
一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法，该治疗小儿痢疾的药物由以下重量份的中药制成：绿豆4克、苦瓜汁6克、马齿苋4克、川连4克、黄芪2克、黄柏3克、黄连4克、苦参4克、木香3克。按以下步骤方法进行：
a、精选药材：以重量分计，取绿豆4克、苦瓜汁6克、马齿苋4克、川连4克、黄芪2克、黄柏3克、黄连4克、苦参4克、木香3克；
b、药物煎熬：将步骤“a”选择的药材混合加水1000-1500克，浸泡3-5小时后，武火煎煮沸腾30分钟，再用文火煎煮30-40分钟，过滤得煎煮液，将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内；将过滤的药渣加水5倍量，先用武火煮沸，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第二次煎煮液；将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀，再用文火煎煮15分钟，最后取出混合液盛于容器备用；
c、小儿灌肠：将步骤“b”中盛于容器的药液置于水中加温至37℃-39℃，高热患儿不加温，患儿排便后，用50ml注射器抽吸药液接上14-16号一次性导尿管，将前端润滑后，从肛门轻轻插入导管10-15cm，缓慢推注药液完毕，将导管末端抬高，再注入5ml温生理盐水冲洗导管，轻慢拔出导管，用卫生纸在肛门处轻轻按揉1-2min，然后用手轻轻捏住小儿肛门5-10min，尽量使药液在肠道内保持1h以上。
实施例2
一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法，该治疗小儿痢疾的药物由以下重量份的中药制成：绿豆3克、苦瓜汁5克、马齿苋3克、川连3克、黄芪1克、黄柏3克、黄连4克、苦参4克、木香2克。按以下步骤方法进行：
a、精选药材：以重量分计，取绿豆3克、苦瓜汁5克、马齿苋3克、川连3克、黄芪1克、黄柏3克、黄连4克、苦参4克、木香2克；
b、药物煎熬：将步骤“a”选择的药材混合加水1000-1500克，浸泡3-5小时后，武火煎煮沸腾30分钟，再用文火煎煮30-40分钟，过滤得煎煮液，将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内；将过滤的药渣加水5倍量，先用武火煮沸，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第二次煎煮液；将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀，再用文火煎煮15分钟，最后取出混合液盛于容器备用；
c、小儿灌肠：将步骤“b”中盛于容器的药液置于水中加温至37℃-39℃，高热患儿不加温，患儿排便后，用50ml注射器抽吸药液接上14-16号一次性导尿管，将前端润滑后，从肛门轻轻插入导管10-15cm，缓慢推注药液完毕，将导管末端抬高，再注入5ml温生理盐水冲洗导管，轻慢拔出导管，用卫生纸在肛门处轻轻按揉1-2min，然后用手轻轻捏住小儿肛门5-10min，尽量使药液在肠道内保持1h以上。
临床实验：
1、一般资料：所选132例患者均来自我院自2011年10月-2013年9月入院的急性细菌性痢疾(普通型)患儿，随机平均分为治疗组和西药对照组，治疗组66例，其中男35例，女31例，年龄6个半月--11岁，平均5岁；对照组66例，其中男37例，女29例，年龄6个月--10.5岁，平均5.5岁；两组发病情况、性别、年龄、病情等具有可比性，无统计学差异。
2、疗效标准治愈：症状消失，大便性状恢复正常，停药3天后大便连续培养3次呈阴性；好转：症状好转，大便培养阴性；未愈：症状未减轻，大便性状与次数无改善，培养呈阴性。
3、治疗结果治疗一周后统计疗效：治疗组66例，治愈31例(47.0％)，好转33例(50.0％)，未愈2例(3.0％)，总有效率97.0％；对照组66例，治愈24例(36.4％)，好转29例(43.9％)，未愈13例(19.7％)，总有效率80.3％。经统计学处理，两者有显著性差异。
4、症状消失平均时间：治疗组2.5天，西药对照组4.6天，两组有显著性差异。
上述具体实施例仅是本发明的具体个案，本发明的专利保护范围包括但不限于上述具体实施例，任何符合本发明权利要求书且任何所属技术领域的普通技术人员对其所做的适当变化或修饰，皆应落入本发明的专利保护范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法，其特征在于，该治疗小儿痢疾的药物由以下重量份的中药制成：绿豆3-5克、苦瓜汁5-7克、马齿苋3-5克、川连3-6克、黄芪1-3克、黄柏3-5克、黄连4-6克、苦参4-6克、木香2-5克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法，其特征在于，该治疗小儿痢疾的药物由以下重量份的中药制成：绿豆4克、苦瓜汁6克、马齿苋4克、川连4克、黄芪2克、黄柏3克、黄连4克、苦参4克、木香3克。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗小儿痢疾的药物及方法，其特征在于，该方法具体包括以下步骤：
a、精选药材：以重量分计，取绿豆4克、苦瓜汁6克、马齿苋4克、川连4克、黄芪2克、黄柏3克、黄连4克、苦参4克、木香3克；
b、药物煎熬：将步骤“a”选择的药材混合加水1000-1500克，浸泡3-5小时后，武火煎煮沸腾30分钟，再用文火煎煮30-40分钟，过滤得煎煮液，将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内；将过滤的药渣加水5倍量，先用武火煮沸，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第二次煎煮液；将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀，再用文火煎煮15分钟，最后取出混合液盛于容器备用；
c、小儿灌肠：将步骤“b”中盛于容器的药液置于水中加温至37℃-39℃，高热患儿不加温，患儿排便后，用50ml注射器抽吸药液接上14-16号一次性导尿管，将前端润滑后，从肛门轻轻插入导管10-15cm，缓慢推注药液完毕，将导管末端抬高，再注入5ml温生理盐水冲洗导管，轻慢拔出导管，用卫生纸在肛门处轻轻按揉1-2min，然后用手轻轻捏住小儿肛门5-10min，尽量使药液在肠道内保持1h以上。
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