A kind of biomass steam generator
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is that a kind of living beings that utilize carry out the biomass steam generator of burning generating steam as fuel, belongs to fuel apparatus technical field.
Background technology
Steam generator is that water is carried out heating the equipment making it to become hot water and steam by the heat energy that utilizes fuel combustion to produce or other energy such as electric energy or solar energy or coal etc., because utilization of steam is extensive, thus steam generator be widely used in chemical industry, steam, print and dye, food and drink, the field such as Saunas, to produce for enterprise and family life is provided convenience.
Early stage steam generator adopts conventional fire coal as fuel, is similar to the coal-burning boiler heating in several years ago northern area winter; But because fire coal produces a large amount of harmful smokes from the chimney of boiler to airborne release, cause air pollution, have certain contact from haze in recent years.For this reason coal-fired as fuel gradually by fuel oil or combustion gas and electrical heating replace, several years ago oil burning boiler development is very fast, is widely used in every field; But the air pollution that fuel oil causes also can't neglect, and inconvenience is not only transported and used in combustion gas, but also there is the problems such as certain security; Electrical heating is obviously that the large cost of energy consumption is high.
Current state-of-the-art steam generator is that a kind of living beings that adopt are as the novel steam generator of fuel, because biomass molding fuel is a kind of low-carbon environment-friendly clean fuel, it can reach the zero-emission of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide when burning, and nitrogen oxide is about 50% of coal, its oxygen divides content high, easily light, efficiency of combustion is high.Because biological particles type fuel production cost is low, carry out source distribution extensively renewable, therefore, market there is the biomass steam generator of various structures form, but the burning due to biomass fuel has its particularity, therefore, for improving its efficiency of combustion, often steam generator is designed to complex structure, huge, manufacturing cost is high, or structure is too simple, and thermal conversion efficiency is low, air feed is slow, can not embody the advantage performance that biomass burner carries out steam generation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency overcoming prior art existence, and provide a kind of rational in infrastructure, compact, easy to use and reliable, safety, the thermal efficiency is high, the biomass steam generator of environmental protection and energy saving.
The object of the invention is to have come by following technical solution, a kind of biomass steam generator, it is primarily of material feeding box, feed mechanism, body of heater with combuster forms, the centre of described body of heater is provided with the combustion chamber of bottom with grate, the top of combustion chamber is connected to and cuts off with thermal insulation layer, for the storage smoke-box of recovered flue gas heat energy, combustion chamber and storage smoke-box are outside equipped with around the intercalated water sleeve around it, combustion chamber upper portion side wall picks out flue gas fairlead, be connected to the flue gas cavity in bottom of furnace body inlet air plenum in the middle of intercalated water sleeve downwards, returned in the middle of access intercalated water sleeve by the opposite side of this flue gas cavity and be upwards connected to again in the storage smoke-box on top, combustion chamber, after connecting a gas-liquid heat-exchange by a sidewall exhaust opening of storage smoke-box, the smoke exhaust pipe being connected to air-introduced machine by discharges flue gas,
The inlet air plenum of described bottom of furnace body is connected to the air blast of peripheral hardware by the air inlet of a lateral wall, the madial wall of inlet air plenum is communicated in through flue gas cavity the air intake ash storage chamber arranged below the grate of combustion chamber by many airducts; Above the grate of described combustion chamber, sidewall is provided with charging aperture and igniting mouthpart, and this charging aperture is connected to by an inclined tube feed mechanism being placed in hopper bottom.
Described feed mechanism is disc-rotation type feed mechanism, and it is installed on the limit of body of heater, comprises in one the shell being provided with a rotating disc, and jackshaft one end of rotating disc is by the connected servomotor of one group of gear reduction; Described rotating disc is provided with the breach that is served as hopper, offers feeding port relative to this breach corresponding to above the shell that top is connected on feed opening of material box, and correspond to below shell that bottom is connected to inclined tube and offer discharge gate.
Described body of heater is vertical, be furnished with a monoblock base plate below, the limit of body of heater is also provided with a vertical gas-liquid heat-exchange, the bottom of this gas-liquid heat-exchange is provided with a water bath, had the purifying smoke water of certain water level by the water intaking valve with water level controller that limit is arranged in water bath, the centre of gas-liquid heat-exchange has a smoke exhaust pipe to be communicated with water bath, between the shell and smoke exhaust pipe of gas-liquid heat-exchange, upper and lower side seals and forms heat exchanging chamber of intaking, in the middle of this water inlet heat exchanging chamber, be provided with many be arranged vertically the flue gas heat exchange flow-path tube circularized, the exhaust opening of storage smoke-box is communicated in the upper-part centralized of described flue gas heat exchange flow-path tube, lower end leads directly to water bath and is communicated with middle smoke exhaust pipe by described water bath.
Described body of heater upper end, gas-liquid heat-exchange upper end and storage smoke-box upper end all adopt semicircle end socket, are formed with the water storage interlayer carrying out heat exchange with storage smoke-box high-temperature flue gas between described body of heater upper end semicircle end socket and storage smoke-box upper end semicircle end socket; The shell wall of gas-liquid heat-exchange bottom is provided with the water inlet pipe being communicated with water inlet heat exchanging chamber, upper end semicircle end socket is provided with the outlet pipe being communicated with water inlet heat exchanging chamber, this outlet pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe that lower portion of furnace body is communicated in intercalated water sleeve after connecting water storage interlayer lower wall, picking out from the top of water storage interlayer.
Described intercalated water sleeve is the water storage cavity that carbonated drink coexists, the steam after the top of this water storage cavity is heating, and bottom is hot water; The upper portion side wall of described intercalated water sleeve is provided with three tube connectors, and wherein a tube connector is steam discharge pipe, and a tube connector is the valve adapter being connected with safety valve, and another root is the pressure control pipe of Bonding pressure table and limited-voltage control switch; The sidewall of described body of heater also offers the ash discharge mouth of pipe with hush panel respectively for inlet air plenum, combustion chamber and storage smoke-box; The sidewall of described body of heater is communicated with the detector tube of intercalated water sleeves by upper and lower two and is connected to one with the water-level control apparatus of water gauge.
The present invention has rational in infrastructure, compact, easy to use and reliable, safety, the features such as the thermal efficiency is high, environmental protection and energy saving.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of disc-rotation type feed mechanism of the present invention.
The structural representation of Fig. 4 gas-liquid heat-exchange of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be described in detail: Fig. 1, shown in 2, biomass steam generator of the present invention, it is primarily of hopper 1, feed mechanism 2, body of heater 4 with combuster 3 forms, the centre of described body of heater 4 is provided with the combustion chamber 3 of bottom with grate 5, the top of combustion chamber 3 is connected to uses thermal insulation layer 6 to cut off, for the storage smoke-box 7 of recovered flue gas heat energy, combustion chamber 3 and storage smoke-box 7 are outside equipped with around the intercalated water sleeve 8 around it, interior storage completely has by the water that heats and is added the water vapour of thermosetting, that is, described intercalated water sleeve 8 is the water storage cavity that a carbonated drink coexists.Combustion chamber 3 upper portion side wall picks out flue gas fairlead 9, this flue gas fairlead 9 is connected to the flue gas cavity 11 in body of heater 4 bottom air inlet room 10 downwards in the middle of intercalated water sleeve 8, is returned in the middle of access intercalated water sleeve 8 by the opposite side of this flue gas cavity 11, is upwards connected in the storage smoke-box 7 on top, combustion chamber 3 again; After connecting a gas-liquid heat-exchange 13 by a sidewall exhaust opening 12 of storage smoke-box 7, the smoke exhaust pipe 14 being connected to air-introduced machine 45 by discharges flue gas;
Inlet air plenum 10 bottom described body of heater 4 is by being connected to the air blast 15 of peripheral hardware around the outer wall of flue gas cavity 11, the madial wall of inlet air plenum 10 is communicated in through flue gas cavity 11 the air intake ash storage chamber 10 arranged below the grate of combustion chamber 3 by many airducts; Above the grate 5 of described combustion chamber 3, sidewall is provided with charging aperture 16 and igniter, and this charging aperture 16 is connected to the feed mechanism 2 being placed in hopper 1 bottom by an inclined tube 17.
Shown in Fig. 3, described feed mechanism 2 is disc-rotation type feed mechanism, it is installed on the limit of body of heater 4, comprise in one the shell 19 being provided with a rotating disc 18, this shell 19 can form with upper and lower two semicircular disk body, and jackshaft 20 one end of rotating disc 18 is by the connected servomotor 22 of one group of gear reduction 21; Described rotating disc 18 is provided with the breach 25 that is served as hopper, on the shell 19 being connected on hopper 1 feed opening 24 corresponding to top, feeding port 25 is offered relative to this breach 25, and correspond to the shell 19 that bottom is connected to inclined tube 17 and below offer discharge gate 26, Figure 3 shows that discharge working state figure.What the present invention adopted disc-rotation type feed mechanism to realize is a feeding, body of heater 4 and hopper 1 is carried out heat and isolates.
Shown in Fig. 1, described body of heater 4 is vertical, is furnished with a monoblock base plate 27 below, the limit of body of heater 4 is also provided with a vertical gas-liquid heat-exchange 13, shown in composition graphs 1.The bottom of this gas-liquid heat-exchange 13 is provided with a water bath 28, had the purifying smoke water of certain water level in water bath 28 by the water intaking valve 30 with water level controller 29 that limit is arranged, this water level controller 29 can be existing common float-ball type controller.
Shown in Fig. 1, the centre of described gas-liquid heat-exchange 13 has a smoke exhaust pipe 14 to be communicated with water bath 28, upper and lower side between the shell 31 and smoke exhaust pipe 14 of gas-liquid heat-exchange 13 seals and forms heat exchanging chamber 32 of intaking, in the middle of this water inlet heat exchanging chamber 32, be provided with many be arranged vertically the flue gas heat exchange flow-path tube 33 circularized, be communicated in the exhaust opening 12 of storage smoke-box 7 in the upper-part centralized of this flue gas heat exchange flow-path tube 33, lower end leads directly to water bath 28 and is communicated with middle smoke exhaust pipe 14 by described water bath 28.
Shown in Fig. 1, described body of heater 4 upper end, gas-liquid heat-exchange 13 upper end and storage smoke-box 7 upper end all adopt semicircle end socket 34, are formed with the water storage interlayer 44 carrying out heat exchange with storage smoke-box high-temperature flue gas between described body of heater 4 upper end semicircle end socket and storage smoke-box 7 upper end semicircle end socket; Shell 31 wall of gas-liquid heat-exchange 13 bottom is provided with the water inlet pipe 35 being communicated with water inlet heat exchanging chamber 32, upper end semicircle end socket 34 is provided with the outlet pipe 36 being communicated with water inlet heat exchanging chamber 32, this outlet pipe 36 is connected to the water inlet pipe 37 that body of heater 4 bottom is communicated in intercalated water sleeve 8 after connecting water storage interlayer 44 lower wall, picking out from the top of water storage interlayer 44.
Shown in Fig. 1,2, the upper portion side wall of described intercalated water sleeve 8 is provided with three tube connectors, wherein a tube connector is steam discharge pipe 40, and a tube connector is the valve adapter 39 being connected with safety valve, and another root is the pressure control pipe 38 of Bonding pressure table and limited-voltage control switch; The sidewall of described body of heater 4 also offers the ash discharge mouth of pipe 41 with hush panel respectively for inlet air plenum 10, combustion chamber 3 and storage smoke-box 7; The sidewall of described body of heater 4 is communicated with the detector tube 42 of intercalated water sleeves 8 by upper and lower two and is connected to one with the water-level control apparatus 43 of water gauge.