A kind of biomass steam generator
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of utilize biomass as fuel carry out burning generate steam biomass steam generator, belong to fuel apparatus technical field.
Background technology
Steam generator is the heat energy utilizing fuel combustion to produce or water is carried out heating the equipment making hot water and steam by other energy such as electric energy or solar energy or coal etc., owing to utilization of steam is extensive, thus steam generator be widely used in chemical industry, steam, print and dye, food and drink, the field such as Saunas, produce for enterprise and family life provided convenience.
Steam generator in early days uses conventional fire coal as fuel, is similar to the coal-burning boiler heating in several years ago northern area winter;But owing to fire coal produces substantial amounts of harmful smoke from the chimney of boiler to airborne release, causing air pollution, the haze from recent years has certain contact.Gradually being replaced by fuel oil or combustion gas and electrical heating as fuel by this fire coal, several years ago oil burning boiler develops quickly, is widely used in every field;But the air pollution that fuel oil causes also can't neglect, and inconvenience is not only transported and is used in combustion gas, but also there is the problems such as certain safety;It is high that electrical heating is clearly the big cost of energy consumption.
Current state-of-the-art steam generator is a kind of to use biomass as the novel steam generator of fuel, owing to biomass molding fuel is a kind of low-carbon environment-friendly cleaning fuel, it can reach the zero-emission of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide when burning, and nitrogen oxides is about the 50% of coal, its oxygen divides content high, easily lighting, efficiency of combustion is high.Due to biological particles type fuel production low cost, carry out source distribution the most renewable, therefore, the biomass steam generator of various structures form is occurred in that on market, but owing to the burning of biomass fuel has its particularity, therefore, for improving its efficiency of combustion, often steam generator is designed to structure complicated, huge, manufacturing cost is high, or structure is too simple, and thermal conversion efficiency is low, supply is slowly, it is impossible to embodies biomass burner and carries out the advantage performance of steam generation.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the deficiency overcoming prior art to exist, and provide a kind of rational in infrastructure, compact, easy to use and reliable, safety, the thermal efficiency is high, the biomass steam generator of environmental protection and energy saving.
It is an object of the invention to complete by following technical solution, a kind of biomass steam generator, it is mainly by hopper, feed mechanism, body of heater composition with combuster, it is characterized in that the centre of described body of heater is provided with the bottom combustor with grate, the top of combustor is connected to thermal insulation layer partition, storage smoke-box for recovered flue gas heat energy, combustor and storage smoke-box are outside equipped with around intercalated water sleeve about, combustor upper portion side wall picks out flue gas fairlead, it is connected to downwards in the middle of intercalated water sleeve the flue gas cavity in bottom of furnace body inlet air plenum, returned by the opposite side of this flue gas cavity and be connected to the most again in the storage smoke-box on combustor top in the middle of access intercalated water sleeve;After being connected a gas-liquid heat-exchange by a sidewall exhaust opening of storage smoke-box, discharge flue gas by a smoke exhaust pipe being connected to air-introduced machine;Described intercalated water sleeve is the water storage cavity that soda pop coexists, and the steam after the top of this water storage cavity is heating, bottom is hot water;
The inlet air plenum of described bottom of furnace body is connected to the aerator of peripheral hardware by the air inlet of a lateral wall, and the medial wall of inlet air plenum is communicated in the air intake ash storage chamber arranged below combustor grate by many airducts through flue gas cavity;Above the grate of described combustor, sidewall is provided with charging aperture and lighter, and this charging aperture is connected to be placed in the feed mechanism of hopper bottom by an inclined tube;
Described feed mechanism be realize between feeding body of heater and hopper are carried out the disc-rotation type feed mechanism being thermally isolated, it is installed on the limit of body of heater, including being provided with the shell of a rotating disk in one, jackshaft one end of rotating disk is connected a servomotor by one group of gear reduction;It is provided with a breach serving as hopper in described rotating disk, offers feeding port relative to this breach being connected on above the shell of feed opening of material box corresponding to top, and be connected to below the shell of inclined tube offer discharge gate corresponding to bottom;
Described body of heater is vertical, disposed below have a monoblock base plate, a vertical gas-liquid heat-exchange it is also equipped with on the limit of body of heater, the bottom of this gas-liquid heat-exchange is provided with a water bath, it is stored with the purifying smoke water of certain water level by the water intaking valve with water level controller of setting on limit in water bath, there is a smoke exhaust pipe connection water bath centre of gas-liquid heat-exchange, between the shell and smoke exhaust pipe of gas-liquid heat-exchange, upper and lower side sealing forms water inlet heat exchanging chamber, in the middle of this water inlet heat exchanging chamber, it is provided with many is arranged vertically the flue gas heat exchange flow-path tube circularized, the upper-part centralized of described flue gas heat exchange flow-path tube is communicated in the exhaust opening of storage smoke-box, lower end leads directly to water bath and by the smoke exhaust pipe in the middle of the connection of described water bath;Described water level controller is float-ball type controller.
Body of heater upper end of the present invention, gas-liquid heat-exchange upper end and storage smoke-box upper end all use semicircle end socket, are formed with and store smoke-box high-temperature flue gas and carry out the water storage interlayer of heat exchange between described body of heater upper end semicircle end socket and storage smoke-box upper end semicircle end socket;The water inlet pipe of connection water inlet heat exchanging chamber it is provided with on the shell wall of gas-liquid heat-exchange bottom, be provided with the outlet pipe of connection water inlet heat exchanging chamber on the semicircle end socket of upper end, this outlet pipe by connecting water storage interlayer lower wall, top from water storage interlayer is connected to lower portion of furnace body after picking out and is communicated in the water inlet pipe of intercalated water sleeve.
The upper portion side wall of intercalated water sleeve of the present invention is provided with three connecting tubes, and wherein a connecting tube is steam discharge pipe, and a connecting tube is to connect to have the valve of relief valve to take over, and another root is to connect Pressure gauge and the pressure control pipe of limited-voltage control switch;It is also directed to inlet air plenum, combustor and storage smoke-box on the sidewall of described body of heater and offers the ash discharge mouth of pipe with hush panel respectively;It is connected to one with the water-level control apparatus of water gauge by the detection pipes of upper and lower two connection intercalated water sleeves on the sidewall of described body of heater.
The features such as the present invention has rational in infrastructure, compact, easy to use and reliable, safety, and the thermal efficiency is high, environmental protection and energy saving.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of disc-rotation type feed mechanism of the present invention.
The structural representation of Fig. 4 gas-liquid heat-exchange of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be described in detail: Fig. 1, shown in 2, biomass steam generator of the present invention, it is mainly by hopper 1, feed mechanism 2, body of heater 4 with combuster 3 forms, the centre of described body of heater 4 is provided with the bottom combustor 3 with grate 5, the top of combustor 3 is connected to thermal insulation layer 6 partition, storage smoke-box 7 for recovered flue gas heat energy, combustor 3 and storage smoke-box 7 are outside equipped with around intercalated water sleeve 8 about, interior storage completely has heated water and the heated water vapour formed, that is, described intercalated water sleeve 8 is the water storage cavity that a soda pop coexists.Combustor 3 upper portion side wall picks out flue gas fairlead 9, this flue gas fairlead 9 is connected to downwards the flue gas cavity 11 in body of heater 4 bottom air inlet room 10 from intercalated water sleeve 8 centre, the opposite side of this flue gas cavity 11 in the storage smoke-box 7 return access intercalated water sleeve 8 centre, being connected to combustor 3 top the most again;After being connected a gas-liquid heat-exchange 13 by a sidewall exhaust opening 12 of storage smoke-box 7, discharge flue gas by a smoke exhaust pipe 14 being connected to air-introduced machine 45;
Inlet air plenum 10 bottom described body of heater 4 by being connected to the aerator 15 of peripheral hardware around the outer wall of flue gas cavity 11, and the medial wall of inlet air plenum 10 is communicated in the air intake ash storage chamber arranged below combustor 3 grate by many airducts through flue gas cavity 11;Above the grate 5 of described combustor 3, sidewall is provided with charging aperture 16 and lighter, and this charging aperture 16 is connected to be placed in the feed mechanism 2 of hopper 1 bottom by an inclined tube 17.
Shown in Fig. 3, described feed mechanism 2 is disc-rotation type feed mechanism, it is installed on the limit of body of heater 4, including the shell 19 being provided with a rotating disk 18 in, this shell 19 can form with upper and lower two semicircular disk body, and jackshaft 20 one end of rotating disk 18 is connected a servomotor 22 by one group of gear reduction 21;A breach 23 serving as hopper it is provided with in described rotating disk 18, on the shell 19 being connected on hopper 1 feed opening 24 corresponding to top, feeding port 25 is offered relative to this breach 23, and it being connected to below the shell 19 of inclined tube 17 offer discharge gate 26 corresponding to bottom, Fig. 3 show discharge working state figure.The present invention uses disc-rotation type feed mechanism to be accomplished that a feeding, and body of heater 4 is carried out with hopper 1 being thermally isolated.
Shown in Fig. 1, described body of heater 4 is vertical, and disposed below have a monoblock base plate 27, the limit of body of heater 4 is also equipped with a vertical gas-liquid heat-exchange 13, shown in Fig. 1.The bottom of this gas-liquid heat-exchange 13 is provided with a water bath 28, is stored with the purifying smoke water of certain water level by the water intaking valve 30 with water level controller 29 of setting on limit in water bath 28, and this water level controller 29 can be existing common float-ball type controller.
Shown in Fig. 1, the centre of described gas-liquid heat-exchange 13 has a smoke exhaust pipe 14 to connect water bath 28, upper and lower side sealing between the shell 31 and smoke exhaust pipe 14 of gas-liquid heat-exchange 13 forms water inlet heat exchanging chamber 32, in the middle of this water inlet heat exchanging chamber 32, it is provided with many is arranged vertically the flue gas heat exchange flow-path tube 33 circularized, being communicated in the exhaust opening 12 of storage smoke-box 7 in the upper-part centralized of this flue gas heat exchange flow-path tube 33, lower end is led directly to water bath 28 and is connected the smoke exhaust pipe 14 of centre by described water bath 28.
Shown in Fig. 1, described body of heater 4 upper end, gas-liquid heat-exchange 13 upper end and storage smoke-box 7 upper end all uses semicircle end socket 34, is formed with and stores smoke-box high-temperature flue gas and carry out the water storage interlayer 44 of heat exchange between described body of heater 4 upper end semicircle end socket and storage smoke-box 7 upper end semicircle end socket;The water inlet pipe 35 of connection water inlet heat exchanging chamber 32 it is provided with on shell 31 wall of gas-liquid heat-exchange 13 bottom, be provided with the outlet pipe 36 of connection water inlet heat exchanging chamber 32 on upper end semicircle end socket 34, this outlet pipe 36 by connecting water storage interlayer 44 lower wall, top from water storage interlayer 44 is connected to body of heater 4 bottom after picking out and is communicated in the water inlet pipe 37 of intercalated water sleeve 8.
Fig. 1, shown in 2, the upper portion side wall of described intercalated water sleeve 8 is provided with three connecting tubes, wherein a connecting tube is steam discharge pipe 40, and a connecting tube is the valve adapter 39 connecting and having relief valve, and another root is to connect Pressure gauge and the pressure control pipe 38 of limited-voltage control switch;It is also directed to inlet air plenum 10, combustor 3 and storage smoke-box 7 on the sidewall of described body of heater 4 and offers the ash discharge mouth of pipe 41 with hush panel respectively;It is connected to one with the water-level control apparatus 43 of water gauge by the detection pipes 42 of upper and lower two connection intercalated water sleeves 8 on the sidewall of described body of heater 4.