CN104359693B - Measure the standard Dewar and manufacture method of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance - Google Patents
Measure the standard Dewar and manufacture method of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN104359693B CN104359693B CN201410546474.6A CN201410546474A CN104359693B CN 104359693 B CN104359693 B CN 104359693B CN 201410546474 A CN201410546474 A CN 201410546474A CN 104359693 B CN104359693 B CN 104359693B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of standard Dewar and manufacture method for measuring coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance, the standard Dewar is by vacuum (-tight) housing, measurement base, bellows, junction block, suction interface, adjusting ring, mounting seat, column thermometer, heating plate is constituted, it is by vacuum (-tight) housing, heating plate, the function of thermometer concentrates on one, evaluation conveniently and efficiently can be measured to the coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance in the range of certain size, the disturbing factor of refrigeration performance contrast between different coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerators is reduced to greatest extent, make the refrigeration performance between different refrigeration machines that there is more science comparativity, time and the resource of measurement refrigeration machine cooling performance are saved simultaneously, and increase substantially the efficiency of measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Dewar, more particularly to a kind of standard Du for measuring coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance
Watt and manufacture method.
Background technology
Pulse tube refrigerating machine is a significant innovation to regenerating type low-temperature refrigerator, and it eliminates and is widely used in routine
Cold end displacer in regenerating type low-temperature refrigerator (such as Stirling and G-M refrigeration machines), and come with the running of hot junction phase modulating mechanism
Phase difference needed for realizing refrigeration.Cold end moving component is fully phased out, and realizes the low vibration of cold end, low interference and without mill
Damage；And by the important improvement in structure and pm mode, in some typical warm areas, its actual efficiency is also up to back-heating type
Peak in Cryo Refrigerator.Cryogenic mechanical refrigeration machine grinds over these remarkable advantages cause pulse tube refrigerating machine to turn into for more than 30 years
The big hot topic studied carefully, all obtains at aspects such as Aero-Space, low-temperature electronics, superconduction industry and cryosurgery industry and widely should
With.
Correlation according to pulse tube, regenerator, cold head is different, and pulse tube refrigerating machine can be divided into following three kinds typical cloth
Mode is put, as shown in figure 1, wherein (a) is coaxial type structure, (b) is U-shape structure, and (c) is linear structure.Can be seen by Fig. 1
Go out, pulse tube, pulse tube cold head, regenerator are in a straight line in linear pattern arrangement；U-shaped arrangement refers to pulse tube and cold-storage
Device is arranged in parallel, and respective cold end is connected on common pulse tube cold head；Coaxial type arrangement refers to pulse tube and regenerator
It is disposed concentrically upon together, respective cold end is connected on common pulse tube cold head.As seen from Figure 1, in pulse tube
In three kinds of exemplary configurations modes of refrigeration machine, the structure of coaxial type is the compactest, and its low-temperature end is close-coupled together
And it is prominent, a vertical cold finger is formed, it is quite similar with the cold finger for once obtaining wide variety of sterlin refrigerator, thus can
So that directly using the plug-in type Dewar for having obtained ripe application, the coupling with device is very convenient.So, when the progress of technology
During so that pulse tube refrigerating machine turning into the Regeneration variety of other conventional regenerating type low-temperature refrigerator such as Stirling-electric hybrids, coaxially
Type pulse tube refrigerating machine is just widely applied at first in practice.
, it is necessary to be made to its refrigeration performance and be before coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator makes and finishes and come into operation
The evaluation of system.Generally use thermal balance mensuration at present.Thermal balance mensuration is to utilize heater, to cryocooler cold head
End face applies to specify heat, by adjusting refrigeration machine input power, makes cryocooler cold head end face temperature stabilization in assigned temperature point,
Now cryocooler cold head end face reaches thermal equilibrium state, and the heat that heater is applied is equal to refrigeration machine in assigned temperature point
The net refrigerating capacity for being provided.
In measurement and evaluation procedure, it usually needs for different cold fingers is fabricated separately Dewar system.Firstly, since every
The situation of refrigeration machine cold finger is typically different from, so as to cause its corresponding Dewar system also to differ, thus, in most of feelings
Under condition, measure the measuring system used during different refrigeration machine cooling performances and be just not quite similar；Secondly, every refrigeration machine is being measured
Refrigeration performance when, placed on cold finger when including measuring cell including heating plate and thermometer, during this unavoidably
Ground is subject to larger man's activity, such as factors such as the position of measurement of correlation element placed and the tightening degrees of cold head end face
Interference will be produced to the measurement of refrigeration performance.In such cases, just cause that measured different refrigeration machines are being freezed
During performance test, the comparativity of science is not just compared.Those described above factor is caused to coaxial type pulse tube refrigeration
Need to expend more multiple resource and time when mechanism cold performance evaluation is measured, and to different coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerators refrigeration property
In the contrast that can be evaluated, the external interference factor for making measurement of comparison inconsistent can be also produced.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of standard for measuring coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance of present invention proposition
Dewar and manufacture method.
It is an object of the present invention to according to the design feature of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator, there is provided it is a kind of by vacuum (-tight) housing, plus
Backing, thermometer function concentrate on the standard Dewar of one, the standard Dewar can be directly used, conveniently and efficiently to a scale
Coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance in very little scope measures evaluation, and different coaxial type pulses are reduced to greatest extent
Disturbing factor when refrigeration performance is contrasted between control cold, makes the refrigeration performance between different refrigeration machines have more science comparable
Property, while saving time and the resource of measurement refrigeration machine cooling performance, and increase substantially the efficiency of measurement.
The standard Dewar of the measurement coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance invented includes vacuum (-tight) housing 1, measurement base
2nd, bellows 4, junction block 5, suction interface 6, adjusting ring 7, mounting seat 8, column thermometer 13, heating plate 14, it is characterised in that：
Column thermometer 13 and heating plate 14 are concentrated on one by described measurement base 2, are using thermal balance mensuration
It is that pulse tube cold head 3 provides heating power and the cold of pulse tube cold head 3 is transferred into post column temperature during measurement refrigeration performance
Meter 13, wherein heating plate 14 is fixed on upper brace 16 using the upper surface screwed hole 15 of the upper brace 16 for measuring base 2,
And the cylindrical hole 17 of the fully-inserted side of upper brace 16 of column thermometer 13, the diameter of cylindrical hole 17 is slightly larger than column temperature
The external diameter of degree meter 13, so as to both close-fittings but not have too big gap；Bellows 4 itself has elasticity, and it act as support
Measurement base 2, length according to different coaxial impulse pipe cold fingers 9 is omited selecting the length of bellows 4, the length of bellows 4
Less than the length of coaxial impulse pipe cold finger 9, the state being slightly tensioned is kept after mounting, apply downward with to measurement base 2
Elastic force, makes the lower surface of measurement base 2 be close to the upper surface of pulse tube cold head 3, and the thermal contact resistance for reducing between the two is brought
Cold transmission loss；It is inserted in the lower platform 18 of measurement base 2, upper end through hole 19 and the survey of bellows 4 in the upper end of bellows 4
The flank threads hole 20 for measuring the lower platform 18 of base 2 is alignd, and is fastenedly connected using screw；It is inserted in the lower end of bellows 4
In the top annulus 22 of adjusting ring 7, the annulus screw thread hole 23 of the lower end through hole 21 of bellows 4 and the top annulus 22 of adjusting ring 7
Alignment, and be fastenedly connected using screw；The circle convex platform 24 on the top of mounting seat 8 is inserted in the bottom annulus 25 of adjusting ring 7,
The aligned in position of the uniform screwed hole 27 in side of the uniform through hole 26 in side of circle convex platform 24 and the bottom annulus 25 of adjusting ring 7,
The air inside bellows 4 can be extracted out by the uniform through hole 26 in side and the uniform screwed hole 27 in side in measurement, make it
Keep vacuum environment；The uniform flute profile adjustment hole 28 in side of the circle convex platform 24 of mounting seat 8, the bottom annulus 25 with adjusting ring 7
The uniform screwed hole 27 in side align, the specific length adjustment screw according to coaxial impulse pipe cold finger 9 and flute profile adjustment hole 28
Relative position, so as to adjust the tensioning degree of bellows 4, and is connected as one mounting seat 8 and adjusting ring 7 using screw；Even
It is connected in during the measurement base 2 of one, bellows 4, adjusting ring 7 and the piece cover of mounting seat 8 enter vacuum (-tight) housing 1, and using vacuum (-tight) housing 1
The uniform through hole 30 of flange of flange in the bottom 29 carries out screw and is fastenedly connected with the uniform screwed hole 32 of the flange of mounting seat flange 31, and
Sealed using O-ring；Junction block 5 is welded in the side of vacuum (-tight) housing 1 with suction interface 6；Coaxial impulse pipe cold finger 9 is inserted
In bellows 4, the upper surface of pulse tube cold head 3 is adjacent to the lower surface of measurement base 2, using the flange in the bottom 29 of vacuum (-tight) housing 1
The mounting seat flange installation through-hole 35 of vacuum (-tight) housing flange installation through-hole 36 and mounting seat flange 31 passes through with cold finger heat end flanges 10
Screw is fastenedly connected, and is sealed using O-ring；Junction block 5 connects heating plate 14 and column thermometer respectively by holding wire
13, the voltage and current needed for providing heating power input to heating plate 14, by the temperature signal of column thermometer 13 to outside
Output；Suction interface 6 connects vaccum-pumping equipment, it is ensured that the inside of vacuum (-tight) housing 1 is in vacuum environment；So as to be collectively forming a kind of measurement
The standard Dewar of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance.
The manufacture of the standard Dewar of measurement coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance to being invented below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Method is described below：
Fig. 2 is the entirety sectional view of the standard Dewar of invented measurement coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance, Fig. 3
To measure the structural representation of base 2, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, it is in cylindrical structure that measurement base 2 is overall, and accurate car is used respectively
Wheeled litter goes out to measure the upper brace 16 and lower platform 18 of base 2；Screw tap tapping upper surface is used in the upper surface of upper brace 16
Screwed hole 15, connects heating plate 14, using low-speed WEDM technology in the side of upper brace 16 by upper surface screwed hole 15
Face processes cylindrical hole 17, the external diameter of the internal diameter slightly larger than column thermometer 13 of cylindrical hole 17, column thermometer during installation
Within 13 fully-inserted cylindrical holes 17, both close-fittings；Screw tap tapping flank threads hole 20 is used in the side of lower platform 18,
It is integrated base 2 is measured using mode connects for screw with the top of bellows 4 using flank threads hole 20；Use fine turning lathe smart car
The upper surface of the upper brace 16 of base 2 is measured, its flatness is between 0.1~0.5mm, heating plate 14 is close to
The upper surface of portion's platform 16；The lower surface of the lower platform 18 of base 2 is measured using fine turning lathe smart car, flatness is in 0.05
Between~0.1mm, it is brought into close contact with the upper surface of pulse tube cold head 3, reduce cold transmission loss；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of bellows 4, and as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4,4 pairs of measurement bases 2 of bellows play support and make
With length is slightly less than coaxial impulse pipe cold finger 9, and the state being slightly tensioned is kept after installation, and downward bullet is applied to measurement base 2
Property power, the lower surface and the upper surface of pulse tube cold head 3 for making measurement base 2 is adjacent to；The internal diameter of bellows 4 is equal to or slightly less than to be surveyed
Measure the external diameter of the top annulus 22 of the lower platform 18 and adjusting ring 7 of base 2；Using lathe and drilling machine respectively in bellows 4
Upper and lower ends process uniform upper end through hole 19 and lower end through hole 21, are connected with measurement base 2 and adjusting ring 7 respectively；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of adjusting ring 7, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, the entirety of adjusting ring 7 is gone out using fine turning lathe car
Loop configuration, makes the external diameter of the circle convex platform 24 of its internal diameter equal or slightly larger than mounting seat 8, the external diameter of top annulus 22 be equal to or
Slightly larger than the internal diameter of bellows 4, the external diameter of the external diameter slightly larger than top annulus 22 of bottom annulus 25 forms 0.5~1.0mm of width
Locating platform 33, the position of the top annulus 22 of adjusting ring 7 is inserted in the lower end of spacer dimple pipe 4；On top annulus 22 and
The lateral surface of bottom annulus 25 processes uniform annulus screw thread hole 23 and the uniform spiral shell in side using fine turning lathe and screw tap respectively
Pit 27, is utilized respectively screw and is fastenedly connected with bellows 4 and mounting seat 8；The uniform screwed hole 27 in side of wherein half quantity
The uniform through hole 26 in side with the side of circle convex platform 24 of mounting seat 8 is corresponding, can be by the uniform through hole in side in measurement
26 extract the air inside bellows 4 out with the uniform screwed hole 27 in side；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of mounting seat 8, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 6, accurate car is used in the center of mounting seat 8
Wheeled litter goes out circle convex platform 24, and the external diameter of circle convex platform 24 is equal to or slightly less than the internal diameter of adjusting ring 7, using fine turning lathe in annulus
The lateral surface of boss 24 is evenly spaced apart car and goes out the uniform through hole 26 in side for the extracting channel of the inner vacuum of bellows 4, and
Even compartment of terrain car goes out flute profile adjustment hole 28 to adjust the tensioning degree of bellows 4；Using fine turning lathe mounting seat 8 bottom car
Go out mounting seat flange 31, and in the positioning convex 34 of getting on the bus out of mounting seat flange 31, the external diameter of positioning convex 34 is equal to or is omited
Less than the internal diameter of the flange in the bottom 29 of vacuum (-tight) housing 1, positioning and sealing between the two when being easy to vacuum (-tight) housing 1 to be inserted in mounting seat 8；
Go out the uniform screwed hole 32 of flange for the connection with vacuum (-tight) housing 1, and uniform car using fine turning lathe car on mounting seat flange 31
Go out mounting seat flange installation through-hole 35；Using the bottom end face of fine turning lathe smart car mounting seat 8, make its flatness be in 0.1~
0.5mm, it is ensured that mounting seat 8 can be in close contact with cold finger heat end flanges 10；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of vacuum (-tight) housing 1, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7, using Vacuum Soldering Technology respectively by junction block 5
With the sealing welding of suction interface 6 in the side of vacuum (-tight) housing 1；Bottom position car using fine turning lathe in vacuum (-tight) housing 1 goes out bottom method
Blue 29, and got on the bus out the uniform through hole 30 of flange and vacuum (-tight) housing flange installation through-hole 36, the uniform through hole 30 of flange in flange in the bottom 29
For vacuum (-tight) housing 1 to be fixed on mounting seat 8, vacuum (-tight) housing flange installation through-hole 36 is used to fix vacuum (-tight) housing 1 and mounting seat 8
On cold finger heat end flanges 10；Go out the flange seal of about 0.5~1.0mm wide in the inner side car of flange in the bottom 29 using fine turning lathe
Groove 37, is put into O-ring seal during installation, the sealing between vacuum (-tight) housing 1 and mounting seat 8 is ensured together with positioning convex 34.
The invention has the advantages that：
1) the coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator standard Dewar structure invented is compact, be integrated with vacuum (-tight) housing, column thermometer,
Heating plate, junction block, suction interface etc. measure key components and parts and structure, multiple functional, convenient to install, can be to certain size
The coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator of scope carries out the measurement of refrigeration performance, it is to avoid need vacuum is fabricated separately for different cold fingers
There is the situation for being unable to interworking between vacuum component and different cold fingers caused by structure, and reduce and repeatedly install different correlations
What measurement assembly was caused measures refrigeration performance larger man's activity and disturbing factor；By using standard Dewar, Ke Yifang
Just between different refrigeration machines refrigeration performance contrast；
2) column thermometer and heating plate are integrated in measurement base, use thermal balance mensuration to coaxial type pulse tube
When refrigeration machine carries out refrigeration performance measurement, it is possible to use standard Dewar is easily carried out to the cold head of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator
The input of heating power and the output of temperature signal, it is not necessary to repeat that different coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator cold fingers is installed
Measuring cell, saves time of measuring and resource；
3) use adjusting ring and bellows structure, using the flute profile adjustment hole of adjusting ring, can in the range of certain size,
Bellows Length is adjusted for different coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator cold finger length, enhances standard Dewar to difference
The suitability of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator, to facilitate and carry out performance comparison between different coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerators；
4) bellows structure is employed, the characteristics of there is elasticity using bellows, for different cold fingers, is adjusted by adjusting ring
Section Bellows Length, makes the bellows degree in being slightly tensioned all the time so that the measurement base end face being connected with bellows can
It is brought into close contact with cold head end face, reduces the transmission loss of cold head cold so as to coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration property
The measurement of energy is more accurate.
The present invention concentrates on standard Dewar the function of vacuum (-tight) housing, heating plate, thermometer, can directly use standard
Dewar measures evaluation to the coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance in the range of certain size, reduces to greatest extent not
With the disturbing factor that refrigeration performance between coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator is contrasted, the refrigeration performance between different refrigeration machines is set to have more
It is science comparativity, while saving time and the resource of measurement refrigeration machine cooling performance, and increases substantially the efficiency of measurement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is three kinds of method for arranging schematic diagrames of pulse tube refrigerating machine, and wherein Fig. 1 (a) arranges that Fig. 1 (b) is for coaxial type
U-shaped arrangement, Fig. 1 (c) is arranged for linear pattern.
Fig. 2 is the entirety sectional view of the standard Dewar of invented measurement coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation for measuring base 2, and wherein Fig. 3 (a) is profile, and Fig. 3 (b) is stereogram；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of bellows 4；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of adjusting ring 7, and wherein Fig. 5 (a) is profile, and Fig. 5 (b) is stereogram；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of mounting seat 8, and wherein Fig. 6 (a) is profile, and Fig. 6 (b) is stereogram；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of vacuum (-tight) housing 1.
Wherein：1 is vacuum (-tight) housing；2 is measurement base；3 is pulse tube cold head；4 is bellows；5 is junction block；6 is pumping
Interface；7 is adjusting ring；8 is mounting seat；9 is coaxial impulse pipe cold finger；10 is cold finger heat end flanges；11 is pulse tube；12 is storage
Cooler；13 is column thermometer；14 is heating plate；15 is upper surface screwed hole；16 is upper brace；17 is cylindrical hole；18
It is lower platform；19 is upper end through hole；20 is flank threads hole；21 is lower end through hole；22 is top annulus；23 is annulus screw thread
Hole；24 is circle convex platform；25 is bottom annulus；26 is the uniform through hole in side；27 is the uniform screwed hole in side；28 are adjusted for flute profile
Hole；29 is flange in the bottom；30 is the uniform through hole of flange；31 is mounting seat flange；32 is the uniform screwed hole of flange；33 is flat for positioning
Platform；34 is positioning convex；35 is mounting seat flange installation through-hole；36 is vacuum (-tight) housing flange installation through-hole；37 is flange sealing trough.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is described in further detail to specific embodiment of the invention.
The standard Dewar of the measurement coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance invented by vacuum (-tight) housing 1, measurement base 2,
Bellows 4, junction block 5, suction interface 6, adjusting ring 7, mounting seat 8, column thermometer 13, heating plate 14 are constituted, and its feature exists
In column thermometer 13 and heating plate 14 are concentrated on one by measurement base 2, using thermal balance mensuration measurement refrigeration performance
When, it is that pulse tube cold head 3 provides heating power and the cold of pulse tube cold head 3 is transferred into post column thermometer 13, wherein profit
Heating plate 14 is fixed on upper brace 16, and column temperature with the upper surface screwed hole 15 of the upper brace 16 of measurement base 2
The cylindrical hole 17 of the side of 13 fully-inserted upper brace 16 is counted, the diameter of cylindrical hole 17 is outer slightly larger than column thermometer 13
Footpath, so as to both close-fittings but not have too big gap；Bellows 4 itself has elasticity, and it act as support measurement base 2,
Length according to different coaxial impulse pipe cold fingers 9 is slightly less than coaxial arteries and veins selecting the length of bellows 4, the length of bellows 4
The length of washing pipe cold finger 9, keeps the state being slightly tensioned after mounting, and downward elastic force is applied with to measurement base 2, makes survey
The lower surface for measuring base 2 is close to the upper surface of pulse tube cold head 3, reduces the cold transmission damage that thermal contact resistance between the two is brought
Lose；The lower platform 18 of measurement base 2 is inserted in the upper end of bellows 4, under the upper end through hole 19 and measurement base 2 of bellows 4
The flank threads hole 20 of portion's platform 18 is alignd, and is fastenedly connected using screw；It is inserted in the upper of adjusting ring 7 in the lower end of bellows 4
In portion's annulus 22, the lower end through hole 21 of bellows 4 aligns with the annulus screw thread hole 23 of the top annulus 22 of adjusting ring 7, and uses
Screw is fastenedly connected；The circle convex platform 24 on the top of mounting seat 8 is inserted in the bottom annulus 25 of adjusting ring 7, circle convex platform 24
The uniform through hole 26 in side and adjusting ring 7 bottom annulus 25 the uniform screwed hole 27 in side aligned in position, can in measurement
The air inside bellows 4 is extracted out with by the uniform through hole 26 in side and the uniform screwed hole 27 in side, it is kept vacuum ring
Border；The uniform flute profile adjustment hole 28 in side of the circle convex platform 24 of mounting seat 8, the side with the bottom annulus 25 of adjusting ring 7 is uniform
Screwed hole 27 aligns, the relative position of the specific length adjustment screw according to coaxial impulse pipe cold finger 9 and flute profile adjustment hole 28, from
And the tensioning degree of bellows 4 is adjusted, and connected as one mounting seat 8 and adjusting ring 7 using screw；The survey for connecting as one
Amount base 2, bellows 4, adjusting ring 7 enter in vacuum (-tight) housing 1 with the piece cover of mounting seat 8, and utilize the flange in the bottom 29 of vacuum (-tight) housing 1
The uniform through hole 30 of flange carries out screw and is fastenedly connected with the uniform screwed hole 32 of the flange of mounting seat flange 31, and is entered using O-ring
Row sealing；Junction block 5 is welded in the side of vacuum (-tight) housing 1 with suction interface 6；Coaxial impulse pipe cold finger 9 is inserted in bellows 4,
The upper surface of pulse tube cold head 3 is adjacent to the lower surface of measurement base 2, using the vacuum (-tight) housing flange of the flange in the bottom 29 of vacuum (-tight) housing 1
The mounting seat flange installation through-hole 35 of installation through-hole 36 and mounting seat flange 31 is fastened by screw with cold finger heat end flanges 10 and connected
Connect, sealed using O-ring；Junction block 5 connects heating plate 14 and column thermometer 13 respectively by holding wire, to heating plate
14 provide heating power input required voltage and current, and the temperature signal of column thermometer 13 is exported to outside；Pumping connects
Mouth 6 connects vaccum-pumping equipments, it is ensured that the inside of vacuum (-tight) housing 1 is in vacuum environment；So as to be collectively forming a kind of measurement coaxial type pulse
The standard Dewar of control cold refrigeration performance.
The manufacture method of the standard Dewar of the measurement coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance invented can be by such as lower section
Method is implemented：
Fig. 2 is the entirety sectional view of the standard Dewar of invented measurement coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance, Fig. 3
To measure the structural representation of base 2, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, it is in cylindrical structure that measurement base 2 is overall, and accurate car is used respectively
Wheeled litter goes out to measure the upper brace 16 and lower platform 18 of base 2；Screw tap tapping upper surface is used in the upper surface of upper brace 16
Screwed hole 15, connects heating plate 14, using low-speed WEDM technology in the side of upper brace 16 by upper surface screwed hole 15
Face processes cylindrical hole 17, the external diameter of the internal diameter slightly larger than column thermometer 13 of cylindrical hole 17, column thermometer during installation
Within 13 fully-inserted cylindrical holes 17, both close-fittings；Screw tap tapping flank threads hole 20 is used in the side of lower platform 18,
It is integrated base 2 is measured using mode connects for screw with the top of bellows 4 using flank threads hole 20；Use fine turning lathe smart car
The upper surface of the upper brace 16 of base 2 is measured, makes its flatness for 0.2mm, heating plate 14 is close to upper brace 16
Upper surface；The lower surface of the lower platform 18 of base 2 is measured using fine turning lathe smart car, flatness is 0.09mm, make it can be with
Upper surface with pulse tube cold head 3 is brought into close contact, and reduces cold transmission loss；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of bellows 4, and as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4,4 pairs of measurement bases 2 of bellows play support and make
With length is slightly less than coaxial impulse pipe cold finger 9, and the state being slightly tensioned is kept after installation, and downward bullet is applied to measurement base 2
Property power, the lower surface and the upper surface of pulse tube cold head 3 for making measurement base 2 is adjacent to；The internal diameter of bellows 4 is equal to or slightly less than to be surveyed
Measure the external diameter of the top annulus 22 of the lower platform 18 and adjusting ring 7 of base 2；Using lathe and drilling machine respectively in bellows 4
Upper and lower ends process uniform upper end through hole 19 and lower end through hole 21, are connected with measurement base 2 and adjusting ring 7 respectively；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of adjusting ring 7, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, the entirety of adjusting ring 7 is gone out using fine turning lathe car
Loop configuration, makes the external diameter of the circle convex platform 24 of its internal diameter equal or slightly larger than mounting seat 8, the external diameter of top annulus 22 be equal to or
Slightly larger than the internal diameter of bellows 4, the external diameter of the external diameter slightly larger than top annulus 22 of bottom annulus 25, it is 0.6mm's to form width
Locating platform 33, the position of the top annulus 22 of adjusting ring 7 is inserted in the lower end of spacer dimple pipe 4；Top annulus 22 and under
The lateral surface of portion's annulus 25 processes uniform annulus screw thread hole 23 and the uniform screw thread in side using fine turning lathe and screw tap respectively
Hole 27, is utilized respectively screw and is fastenedly connected with bellows 4 and mounting seat 8；The uniform screwed hole 27 in side of wherein half quantity with
The uniform through hole 26 in side of the side of circle convex platform 24 of mounting seat 8 is corresponding, can be by the uniform through hole 26 in side in measurement
The air inside bellows 4 is extracted out with the uniform screwed hole 27 in side；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of mounting seat 8, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 6, accurate car is used in the center of mounting seat 8
Wheeled litter goes out circle convex platform 24, and the external diameter of circle convex platform 24 is equal to or slightly less than the internal diameter of adjusting ring 7, using fine turning lathe in annulus
The lateral surface of boss 24 is evenly spaced apart car and goes out the uniform through hole 26 in side for the extracting channel of the inner vacuum of bellows 4, and
Even compartment of terrain car goes out flute profile adjustment hole 28 to adjust the tensioning degree of bellows 4；Using fine turning lathe mounting seat 8 bottom car
Go out mounting seat flange 31, and in the positioning convex 34 of getting on the bus out of mounting seat flange 31, the external diameter of positioning convex 34 is equal to or is omited
Less than the internal diameter of the flange in the bottom 29 of vacuum (-tight) housing 1, positioning and sealing between the two when being easy to vacuum (-tight) housing 1 to be inserted in mounting seat 8；
Go out the uniform screwed hole 32 of flange for the connection with vacuum (-tight) housing 1, and uniform car using fine turning lathe car on mounting seat flange 31
Go out mounting seat flange installation through-hole 35；Using the bottom end face of fine turning lathe smart car mounting seat 8, make its flatness for 0.2mm, protect
Card mounting seat 8 can be in close contact with cold finger heat end flanges 10；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of vacuum (-tight) housing 1, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7, using Vacuum Soldering Technology respectively by junction block 5
With the sealing welding of suction interface 6 in the side of vacuum (-tight) housing 1；Bottom position car using fine turning lathe in vacuum (-tight) housing 1 goes out bottom method
Blue 29, and got on the bus out the uniform through hole 30 of flange and vacuum (-tight) housing flange installation through-hole 36, the uniform through hole 30 of flange in flange in the bottom 29
For vacuum (-tight) housing 1 to be fixed on mounting seat 8, vacuum (-tight) housing flange installation through-hole 36 is used to fix vacuum (-tight) housing 1 and mounting seat 8
On cold finger heat end flanges 10；Go out the flange sealing trough 37 of about 0.6mm wide in the inner side car of flange in the bottom 29 using fine turning lathe,
O-ring seal is put into during installation, the sealing between vacuum (-tight) housing 1 and mounting seat 8 is ensured together with positioning convex 34.
Claims (2)
1. it is a kind of measure coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance standard Dewar, it include vacuum (-tight) housing (1), measurement base
(2), bellows (4), junction block (5), suction interface (6), adjusting ring (7), mounting seat (8), column thermometer (13), heating plate
(14), it is characterised in that：
Column thermometer (13) and heating plate (14) are concentrated on one by described measurement base (2), using thermal balance measurement
It is that pulse tube cold head (3) provides heating power and the cold of pulse tube cold head (3) is transferred into column during method measurement refrigeration performance
Thermometer (13), wherein using the upper surface screwed hole (15) of the upper brace (16) for measuring base (2) that heating plate (14) is solid
Due to upper brace (16), and column thermometer (13) fully-inserted upper brace (16) side cylindrical hole (17), cylinder
The diameter of through hole (17) slightly larger than column thermometer (13) external diameter, so as to both close-fittings but not have too big gap；Ripple
Pipe (4) itself has elasticity, and it act as support measurement base (2), length according to different coaxial impulse pipe cold fingers (9) come
The length of selection bellows (4), the length of bellows (4) is slightly less than the length of coaxial impulse pipe cold finger (9), keeps after mounting
The state being slightly tensioned, downward elastic force is applied with to measurement base (2), makes the lower surface and pulse tube of measurement base (2)
The upper surface of cold head (3) is close to, and reduces the cold transmission loss that thermal contact resistance between the two is brought；The upper end set of bellows (4)
Enter to measure the lower platform (18) of base (2), the upper end through hole (19) of bellows (4) and the lower platform of measurement base (2)
(18) flank threads hole (20) alignment, and be fastenedly connected using screw；It is inserted in adjusting ring (7) in bellows (4) lower end
In top annulus (22), the annulus screw thread hole of the lower end through hole (21) of bellows (4) and the top annulus (22) of adjusting ring (7)
(23) align, and be fastenedly connected using screw；The circle convex platform (24) on mounting seat (8) top is inserted under adjusting ring (7)
In portion's annulus (25), the uniform through hole in the side (26) of circle convex platform (24) is equal with the side of the bottom annulus (25) of adjusting ring (7)
The aligned in position of cloth screwed hole (27), can be incited somebody to action in measurement by the uniform through hole in side (26) and the uniform screwed hole in side (27)
The internal air of bellows (4) is extracted out, it is kept vacuum environment；The uniform groove in side of the circle convex platform (24) of mounting seat (8)
Shape adjustment hole (28), the uniform screwed hole in the side (27) with the bottom annulus (25) of adjusting ring (7) is alignd, according to coaxial impulse pipe
The specific length adjustment screw of cold finger (9) and the relative position of flute profile adjustment hole (28), so as to adjust the tensioning journey of bellows (4)
Degree, and connected as one mounting seat (8) and adjusting ring (7) using screw；Measurement base (2), the bellows for connecting as one
(4) during, adjusting ring (7) and mounting seat (8) piece cover enter vacuum (-tight) housing (1), and the flange in the bottom (29) using vacuum (-tight) housing (1) method
Blue uniform through hole (30) carries out screw and is fastenedly connected with the uniform screwed hole of the flange (32) of mounting seat flange (31), and using O-shaped
Circle is sealed；Junction block (5) is welded in the side of vacuum (-tight) housing (1) with suction interface (6)；Coaxial impulse pipe cold finger (9) is inserted
Enter in bellows (4), the upper surface of pulse tube cold head (3) is adjacent to the lower surface of measurement base (2), using the bottom of vacuum (-tight) housing (1)
Vacuum (-tight) housing flange installation through-hole (36) of portion's flange (29) and mounting seat flange installation through-hole (35) of mounting seat flange (31) with
Cold finger heat end flanges (10) are fastenedly connected by screw, are sealed using O-ring；Junction block (5) is connected respectively by holding wire
Heating plate (14) and column thermometer (13) are connect, the voltage and current needed for providing heating power input to heating plate (14) will
The temperature signal of column thermometer (13) is exported to outside；Suction interface (6) connects vaccum-pumping equipment, it is ensured that in vacuum (-tight) housing (1)
Portion is in vacuum environment；So as to be collectively forming a kind of standard Dewar for measuring coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance.
2. it is a kind of it is as claimed in claim 1 measurement coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator refrigeration performance standard Dewar manufacturer
Method, it is characterised in that：Measurement base (2) is in integrally cylindrical structure, goes out to measure the top of base (2) using fine turning lathe car respectively
Platform (16) and lower platform (18)；Screw tap tapping upper surface screwed hole (15) is used in upper brace (16) upper surface, is passed through
Upper surface screwed hole (15) connects heating plate (14), is processed in the side of upper brace (16) using low-speed WEDM technology
Cylindrical hole (17), the external diameter of the internal diameter slightly larger than column thermometer (13) of cylindrical hole (17), column thermometer during installation
(13) within fully-inserted cylindrical hole 17, both close-fittings；Screw tap tapping flank threads are used in the side of lower platform (18)
Hole (20), is integrated with the top of bellows (4) by base (2) is measured using flank threads hole (20) using mode connects for screw；Make
The upper surface of the upper brace (16) of base (2) is measured with fine turning lathe smart car, its flatness is between 0.1~0.5mm,
Heating plate (14) is close to the upper surface of upper brace (16)；The lower platform of base (2) is measured using fine turning lathe smart car
(18) lower surface, flatness is between 0.05~0.1mm, it is closely pasted with the upper surface of pulse tube cold head (3)
Close, reduce cold transmission loss；Bellows (4) is played a supporting role to measurement base (2), and it is cold that length is slightly less than coaxial impulse pipe
Refer to (9), the state being slightly tensioned is kept after installation, downward elastic force is applied to measurement base (2), make measurement base (2)
Lower surface is adjacent to the upper surface of pulse tube cold head (3)；The internal diameter of bellows (4) is equal to or slightly less than under measurement base (2)
The external diameter of the top annulus (22) of portion's platform (18) and adjusting ring (7)；Using lathe and drilling machine respectively in the upper and lower of bellows (4)
Two ends process uniform upper end through hole (19) and lower end through hole (21), are connected with measurement base (2) and adjusting ring (7) respectively；
Go out the integral ring-shaped structure of adjusting ring (7) using fine turning lathe car, make the annulus of its internal diameter equal or slightly larger than mounting seat (8) convex
The external diameter of platform (24), the external diameter of top annulus (22) is equal or slightly larger than the internal diameter of bellows (4), the external diameter of bottom annulus (25)
Slightly larger than the external diameter of top annulus (22), the locating platform (33) of 0.5~1.0mm of width is formed, with spacer dimple pipe (4)
It is inserted in the position of the top annulus (22) of adjusting ring (7) in end；The lateral surface difference of annulus (22) and bottom annulus (25) on top
Uniform annulus screw thread hole (23) and the uniform screwed hole in side (27) are processed using fine turning lathe and screw tap, screw is utilized respectively
It is fastenedly connected with bellows (4) and mounting seat (8)；The uniform screwed hole in the side (27) of wherein half quantity and mounting seat (8)
The uniform through hole in the side (26) of circle convex platform (24) side is corresponding, can be by the uniform through hole in side (26) and side in measurement
The uniform screwed hole in face (27) is extracted out by the internal air of bellows (4)；Fine turning lathe car is used in the center of mounting seat (8)
Go out circle convex platform (24), the external diameter of circle convex platform (24) is equal to or slightly less than the internal diameter of adjusting ring (7), using fine turning lathe in circle
The lateral surface of ring convex platform (24) be evenly spaced apart car go out the uniform through hole in side (26) for bellows (4) inner vacuum extraction lead to
Road, and be evenly spaced apart car and go out flute profile adjustment hole (28) to adjust the tensioning degree of bellows (4)；Installed using fine turning lathe
The bottom car of seat (8) goes out mounting seat flange (31), and in the positioning convex of getting on the bus out (34) of mounting seat flange (31), makes convex
The internal diameter of the external diameter equal to or slightly less than the flange in the bottom (29) of vacuum (-tight) housing (1) of (34) is played, is easy to vacuum (-tight) housing (1) to be inserted in mounting seat
(8) positioning when and sealing between the two；Go out the uniform screwed hole of flange using fine turning lathe car on mounting seat flange (31)
(32) for the connection with vacuum (-tight) housing (1), and uniform car goes out mounting seat flange installation through-hole (35)；Pacified using fine turning lathe smart car
The bottom end face of dress seat (8), makes its flatness be in 0.1~0.5mm, it is ensured that mounting seat (8) can with cold finger heat end flanges (10)
To be in close contact；Using Vacuum Soldering Technology respectively by junction block (5) and suction interface (6) sealing welding in vacuum (-tight) housing (1)
Side；Go out flange in the bottom (29) in the bottom position car of vacuum (-tight) housing (1) using fine turning lathe, and got on the bus out in flange in the bottom (29)
The uniform through hole of flange (30) and vacuum (-tight) housing flange installation through-hole (36), the uniform through hole of flange (30) is for fixed by vacuum (-tight) housing (1)
On mounting seat (8), vacuum (-tight) housing flange installation through-hole (36) by vacuum (-tight) housing (1) and mounting seat (8) for being fixed on cold finger heat
On end flanges (10)；Go out the flange sealing trough of about 0.5~1.0mm wide in flange in the bottom (29) inner side car using fine turning lathe
(37) O-ring seal, is put into during installation, ensures close between vacuum (-tight) housing (1) and mounting seat (8) together with positioning convex (34)
Envelope.
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| CN105135736B (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-11-21 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of monoblock type vascular refrigerator phase modulation structure |
| CN105842042B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-03-05 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | A kind of cryogenic sample chamber |
| CN115355664A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-18 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Mechanical and thermal coupling structure between refrigerating finger and cooling object of refrigerating machine |
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