CN104359472A - Multi-loop type photonic band gap optical fiber gyroscope based on reflection - Google Patents
Multi-loop type photonic band gap optical fiber gyroscope based on reflection Download PDFInfo
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- CN104359472A CN104359472A CN201410712659.XA CN201410712659A CN104359472A CN 104359472 A CN104359472 A CN 104359472A CN 201410712659 A CN201410712659 A CN 201410712659A CN 104359472 A CN104359472 A CN 104359472A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-loop type photonic band gap optical fiber gyroscope based on reflection. The multi-loop type photonic band gap optical fiber gyroscope comprises a light source, a coupler, a Y waveguide, a photonic band gap optical fiber ring and a detector, wherein the light source and the detector are directly coupled with a tail fiber of the input end of the Y waveguide by a semi-transparent and semi-reflection membrane to realize light splitting; the two output ends of the Y waveguide are directly coupled with the two ends of the photonic band gap optical fiber ring; and the end faces of the output ends of the Y waveguide are covered with reflection membranes. According to the multi-loop type photonic band gap optical fiber gyroscope based on the reflection, the end face reflection between a traditional optical fiber and a photonic band gap optical fiber is utilized, so that a plurality of circulation loops of the gyroscope are realized, and a Sagnac effect is enhanced; and the length of the optical fiber ring is reduced on the premise that the precision is guaranteed, the low cost and miniaturization of the photonic band gap optical fiber gyroscope are easy to realize, and nonreciprocal errors caused by the change of the external environment can be effectively inhibited.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multiple circles photon band-gap optical fiber gyroscope based on reflection, belong to fiber-optics gyroscope field.
Background technology
Optical fibre gyro is as development a kind of novel inertia angular-rate sensor very rapidly, and with its distinctive technology and performance advantage, as structure of whole solid state, reliability is high, the life-span is long; Toggle speed is fast, and the response time is short; Measurement range is large, wide dynamic range; Shock resistance, vibration, resistance to chemical attack; Volume is little, lightweight, cost is low; Be applicable to producing in enormous quantities, be widely used in each field.
Optical fiber is topmost transmission medium in optical fibre gyro.Usually the common panda type polarization-preserving fiber adopted in existing fiber gyro, the physical field such as temperature, electromagnetism is more responsive to external world for its wave-guiding characteristic, thus causes optical fibre gyro environmental suitability poor.The measure of passive protection is mainly taked to solve for this problem at present, as added protective cover etc.Although these measures can improve the environmental suitability of optical fibre gyro to a certain extent, also bring some spinoffs, as the increase of volume, weight, power consumption and cost simultaneously.
Photon band-gap optical fiber is a kind of novel optical fiber based on photonic band gap effects, by SiO
2light wave can be controlled with the airport manufacturing defect expanding center in the photonic crystal that airport periodic arrangement is formed to propagate in center air hole (fibre core), be a kind of based on low-index material (air) at high index of refraction background material (SiO
2) in two-dimensional and periodic arrangement and formed microstructured optical fibers.Uniqueness on this Principles and methods makes photon band-gap optical fiber have numerous characteristic being different from traditional fiber, as low to the susceptibility of the environmental factors such as temperature, electromagnetic field, space radiation, to bend-insensitive, possesses unlimited single mode transport ability etc.Therefore, photon band-gap optical fiber is the ideal chose solving optical fibre gyro environmental adaptation sex chromosome mosaicism, is the future developing trend of optical fibre gyro.
Limitting by existing production technology level, the production cost of photon band-gap optical fiber is high, expensive, limits its large-scale application in optical fibre gyro field.Current photon band-gap optical fiber gyro only uses photon band-gap optical fiber coiling to form in fiber optic loop part, other optical device still adopts traditional fiber as I/O tail optical fiber, therefore can there is the surface of contact of photon band-gap optical fiber and traditional fiber in gyro light path.Photon band-gap optical fiber is different with the fiber core refractive index of traditional fiber, there is larger end face reflection, wherein export end face reflection the having the greatest impact to gyro of tail optical fiber and photon band-gap optical fiber interannular with Y waveguide by Fresnel reflection law the two surface of contact known.
Optical fibre gyro form general in the world, for going alone interferometric, namely utilizes a set of light path to realize a Sagnac interferometer, obtains Sagnac phase shift by the interference of resolving between the main wave train that two bundles propagate in opposite directions.Although this interferometer structure is simple, along with the continuous expansion of optical fibre gyro application, longer sensing ring length makes its impact being easily subject to external environment and introduces nonreciprocal error, constrains raising and the development of optical fiber gyroscope precision.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the problem, utilizing the end face reflection that in photon band-gap optical fiber gyro, Y waveguide output tail optical fiber and photon band-gap optical fiber interannular exist, proposing a kind of interfere type closed-loop fiber optic gyroscope instrument that can realize multi-turn effect and closed-loop control.
Based on a multiple circles photon band-gap optical fiber gyroscope for reflection, comprise light source, Y waveguide, photon band-gap optical fiber ring and detector;
Light source, detector realize light splitting with the tail optical fiber of Y waveguide input end by semi-transparent semi-reflecting film direct-coupling respectively, and two output terminals of Y waveguide and the two ends direct-coupling of photon band-gap optical fiber ring, wherein the output terminal end face of Y waveguide is covered with reflectance coating.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) utilize the end face reflection between traditional fiber and photon band-gap optical fiber, achieve the circulation multi-turn of gyro, enhance Sagnac effect;
(2) under the prerequisite ensureing precision, reduce fiber optic loop length, be conducive to the low cost and the miniaturization that realize photon band-gap optical fiber gyro, and can effectively suppress external environment to change the nonreciprocal error caused;
(3) adopt photon band-gap optical fiber ring, improve the environmental suitability of optical fibre gyro;
(4) keeping improve Gyro Precision under fiber optic loop structure and the constant prerequisite of length;
(5) the closed loop modulation of gyro is achieved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the multiple circles interfere type closed-loop fiber optic gyroscope instrument structured flowchart based on reflection;
Fig. 2 is the surface of contact schematic diagram that Y waveguide exports tail optical fiber and photon band-gap optical fiber ring;
Fig. 3 is the round schematic diagram of even number circle light wave of detouring;
Fig. 4 is the round schematic diagram of zero degree light wave;
Fig. 5 is wide spectrum light source coherence function;
Fig. 6 is the bias modulation waveform that Y waveguide applies;
Fig. 7 is the feedback modulation waveform for realizing closed loop;
In figure:
1-light source 2-coupling mechanism 3-Y waveguide
4-photon band-gap optical fiber ring 5-detector
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention is a kind of multiple circles photon band-gap optical fiber gyroscope based on reflection, as shown in Figure 1, comprises light source 1, coupling mechanism 2, Y waveguide 3, photon band-gap optical fiber ring 4 and detector 5.
Light source 1, detector 5 pass through semi-transparent semi-reflecting film direct-coupling with the tail optical fiber of Y waveguide 3 input end respectively, and semi-transparent semi-reflecting film realizes the light splitting function of coupling mechanism 2; Two output terminals of Y waveguide 3 and the two ends direct-coupling of photon band-gap optical fiber ring 4, wherein the output terminal end face of Y waveguide 3 is covered with reflectance coating, the end face reflection of itself and photon band-gap optical fiber surface of contact can be controlled, realization has a certain proportion of transmission/reflection function (reflectance 0.5 ~ 0.6), as shown in Figure 2.No matter arrive surface of contact from Y waveguide 3 or photon band-gap optical fiber ring 4, all can enter another Medium Propagation through reflectance coating by some light, another part light returns former Medium Propagation.
Light source is wide spectrum light source, and it exports light and enters Y waveguide through direct-coupling and rise partially, through Y waveguide light splitting laggard enter photon band-gap optical fiber ring propagate in opposite directions, detour one week arrival fiber optic loop other end afterwards; Part light gets back to Y waveguide, converges generation interference signal through Y waveguide, and arrive detector through coupling mechanism, another part light is reflected back photon band-gap optical fiber ring, continues to propagate in fiber optic loop.
Specific works process of the present invention is:
Light source 1 exports light and after coupling mechanism 2, enters Y waveguide 3 partially, light wave the propagating in opposite directions clockwise and counterclockwise respectively along photon band-gap optical fiber ring 4 of two outputs of Y waveguide 3, the arrival fiber optic loop other end after detouring a week; Part light enters Y waveguide 3 through reflectance coating and converges, exported by detector after coupling mechanism 2, another part light is reflected back toward fiber optic loop, the surface of contact of photon band-gap optical fiber ring 4 and Y waveguide 3 is arrived after oppositely detouring one week, again by reflectance coating light splitting, transmitted light wave now through reflectance coating leaves sensing ring part via the same arm of Y waveguide 3, as shown in Figure 3.Two proper phases of restrainting between the light wave propagated in opposite directions are poor
Wherein: n is the refractive index that Y waveguide 3 exports tail optical fiber, L
1and L
2for Y waveguide 3 two sections exports the length of tail optical fiber.
In order to avoid zero degree light wave, (number of turns that detours is zero, namely do not enter fiber optic loop just to be reflected) biased error introduced, as shown in Figure 4, need to export tail optical fiber length to two sections of Y waveguide 3 and control, the optical path difference between zero degree light wave is made to be greater than the coherent length of light source, namely
Wherein: L
cfor the coherent length of light source.
Convolution (1) and (2) can be seen, two of the even number circle that the detours intrinsic light path difference of restrainting in opposite directions between light wave is greater than the coherent length of light source, therefore the two can not interfere after Y waveguide 3 converges, and can interfere between the light wave returning Y waveguide 3 after the odd number circle that namely only detours.
The output signal of final gyro is the superposition of odd number circle optical interference signal, can obtain the turn signal doubled, and improves Gyro Precision when keeping fiber optic loop structure length constant; Modulation /demodulation and the feedback of the technical method settling signal similar to classical spinning top can be adopted simultaneously, thus realize the closed loop modulation of gyro, reach higher accuracy requirement.
The coherence function of wide spectrum light source 1 as shown in Figure 5.In figure, horizontal seat represents optical path difference, and unit is μm, and ordinate represents normalization degree of coherence.Curve as can be seen from figure, along with the increase of optical path difference, normalization degree of coherence reduces gradually.
The modulation signal that Y waveguide 3 applies is the superposition of offset signal and feedback signal, and its waveform respectively as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.
Φ is adopted in the present invention
m(t)=± square-wave signal of (π/4) as bias modulation, as shown in Figure 6.The modulating frequency of square wave is the eigenfrequency f of fiber optic loop
0=1/ (2 τ), wherein τ is the transmission time of light by fiber optic loop.Can produce the bias modulation of a ΔΦ (t)=± pi/2 thus, namely optical fibre gyro alternation is on ± pi/2 point, now has maximum detection sensitivity.
The closed signal disposal route that the present invention adopts is the digital closed loop scheme of staircase waveform feedback, as shown in Figure 7.The bench height Φ s of staircase waveform is determined by demodulation value, namely bench height with rotate the SAGNAC phase shift equal and opposite in direction that causes, and the duration of step equals the transmission time τ of fiber optic loop.Step signal and square wave offset signal are carried out synchronous digital and superpose the after-applied complete-digital closed-loop that can realize optical fibre gyro to Y waveguide 3.
Claims (1)
1., based on a multiple circles photon band-gap optical fiber gyroscope for reflection, comprise light source, Y waveguide, photon band-gap optical fiber ring and detector;
Light source, detector realize light splitting with the tail optical fiber of Y waveguide input end by semi-transparent semi-reflecting film direct-coupling respectively, and two output terminals of Y waveguide and the two ends direct-coupling of photon band-gap optical fiber ring, wherein the output terminal end face of Y waveguide is covered with reflectance coating.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN105352491A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-02-24 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十九研究所 | Y-waveguide structure for fiber-optic gyroscope light path extension |
| CN106247949A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-12-21 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | A kind of full optical fiber interference formula optical fibre length measurement method and device |
| CN106526745A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-03-22 | 浙江大学 | Optical path reuse beam splitter used for Sagnac fiber optic interferometer |
| CN110319824A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-11 | 上海亨通光电科技有限公司 | A kind of optical fibre gyro for realizing miniaturization using diaphragm coupler |
| CN112833874A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-25 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | Novel four-state modulation and demodulation method suitable for fiber-optic gyroscope |
| CN114459459A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-05-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Small space light integrated light receiving and transmitting integrated module adopting single lens |
| CN115839711A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-03-24 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Optical fiber gyroscope |
| CN116046025A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-05-02 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Method and system for realizing online detection of fiber optic gyroscope based on photon lantern |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105352491A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-02-24 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十九研究所 | Y-waveguide structure for fiber-optic gyroscope light path extension |
| CN106247949A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-12-21 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | A kind of full optical fiber interference formula optical fibre length measurement method and device |
| CN106247949B (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2019-01-25 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | A kind of full optical fiber interference formula optical fibre length measurement method and device |
| CN106526745A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-03-22 | 浙江大学 | Optical path reuse beam splitter used for Sagnac fiber optic interferometer |
| CN106526745B (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2019-04-16 | 浙江大学 | A kind of path multiplexing beam splitter for Sagnac fibre optic interferometer |
| CN110319824A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-11 | 上海亨通光电科技有限公司 | A kind of optical fibre gyro for realizing miniaturization using diaphragm coupler |
| CN112833874A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-25 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | Novel four-state modulation and demodulation method suitable for fiber-optic gyroscope |
| CN114459459A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-05-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Small space light integrated light receiving and transmitting integrated module adopting single lens |
| CN115839711A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-03-24 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Optical fiber gyroscope |
| CN116046025A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-05-02 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Method and system for realizing online detection of fiber optic gyroscope based on photon lantern |
| CN116046025B (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-06-02 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Method and system for realizing online detection of fiber optic gyroscope based on photon lantern |
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Application publication date: 20150218 |