CN106247949A - A kind of full optical fiber interference formula optical fibre length measurement method and device - Google Patents
A kind of full optical fiber interference formula optical fibre length measurement method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106247949A CN106247949A CN201610708629.0A CN201610708629A CN106247949A CN 106247949 A CN106247949 A CN 106247949A CN 201610708629 A CN201610708629 A CN 201610708629A CN 106247949 A CN106247949 A CN 106247949A
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- optical fiber
- transmission device
- bonder
- light
- fibre length
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of simple in construction and the higher full optical fiber interference formula optical fibre length measurement method of certainty of measurement and device.Full optical fiber interference formula optic fibre length measurer of the present invention includes that light source, bonder, bonder, the first optical fiber transmission device, the second optical fiber transmission device, photodetector, testing fiber, signal resolve and display circuit.The present invention uses pulsed light as flashlight, after two bonders, point two-way light respectively enters two optical fiber transmission devices with certain absorbance, two-way light beam transmits in opposite directions and passes through testing fiber, it is again introduced into bonder, and interfere in bonder, due to the reflection of optical fiber transmission device, occurring repeatedly to interfere, photodetector can detect multiple peak pulse.The present invention is by measuring multiple electric impulse signal time differences, and calculates the interpulse average time difference of adjacent peak and can eliminate the error that light path and circuit bring during measurement, improves certainty of measurement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical fiber length measuring technology, be specifically related to a kind of full optical fiber interference formula optical fibre length measurement method and
Device.
Background technology
Along with the development of optical fiber technology, inevitable to the measurement of fiber lengths with in production in engineering.Therefore, the most accurate
Really, the length measuring one section of optical fiber rapidly has important actual application value.
At present, engineering is mainly optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) for optical fiber length measuring equipment.The most according to the literature,
There is an optical fiber length measuring system of full optical fiber interference by regulation phase place, fiber lengths method of testing based on femtosecond laser,
Optical fiber length measuring system based on differential ring interference technique etc., but said method or precision is the highest or equipment is the most multiple
Miscellaneous, relatively costly.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to: a kind of simple in construction and the higher full optical fiber interference formula optical fiber length measuring of certainty of measurement are provided
Method and device.
Technical scheme: a kind of full optical fiber interference formula optic fibre length measurer, it includes light source 1, bonder
2, bonder the 3, first optical fiber transmission device the 4, second optical fiber transmission device 5, photodetector 6, testing fiber 8, signal resolve and aobvious
Showing circuit 7, wherein, light source 1 is connected with bonder 2 by optical fiber, and bonder 2 connects and composes minimum by optical fiber and bonder 3
Reciprocity light path, bonder 3 is simultaneously connected with the first optical fiber transmission device 4 and the second optical fiber transmission device 5, described first optical fiber by optical fiber
Transmitter 4 and the second optical fiber transmission device 5 connect testing fiber 8 two ends respectively, and photodetector 6 one end connects coupling by optical fiber
Device 2, the other end resolves with signal and display circuit 7 is connected.
Described first optical fiber transmission device 4 is identical with the second optical fiber transmission device 5 structure, including the first optical fiber collimator 9, the most instead
Semi-transparent diaphragm the 11, second optical fiber collimator 10, metal-packaged shell 12.Wherein, the first optical fiber collimator 9 and bonder 3 welding,
Second optical fiber collimator 10 and testing fiber 8 welding, half-reflection and half-transmission diaphragm 11 is arranged on the first optical fiber collimator 9 and the second optical fiber
It is used between collimator 10 producing reflection light and transmission light.
A kind of full optical fiber interference formula optical fiber length measuring based on described full optical fiber interference formula optic fibre length measurer
Method, it uses pulsed light as flashlight, divides two-way light to respectively enter two and have certain absorbance after two bonders
Optical fiber transmission device, two-way light beam transmits in opposite directions by testing fiber, is again introduced into bonder, and occurs dry in bonder
Relating to, owing to light path is minimum reciprocal light path, therefore two light beams light path is identical so that interference signal is constructive interference, light electrical resistivity survey
Survey device can detect and obtain peak pulse, then due to the reflection of optical fiber transmission device, it is possible to occur repeatedly to interfere so that photoelectricity
Detector can detect multiple peak pulse, utilizes the time difference of adjacent two peak pulses to calculate testing fiber length.
By measuring the time difference between some groups of adjacent pulses, it is possible to obtain organizing fiber lengths numerical value, and to many groups more
Fiber lengths numerical value is averaging processing.
By measuring multiple electric impulse signal time differences, and calculate the average time difference that adjacent peak is interpulse, treated
Survey fiber lengths.
The solution have the advantages that: optical fibre length measurement method of the present invention and device based on sagnac interferometer principle,
Only detection interference light intensity signal, uses pulsed light as flashlight, uses two diaphragm type light with certain absorbance simultaneously
Fine transmitter so that photodetector detects multiple interference light intensity signal, adjacent two the interference light intensity signals detected
Time difference can calculate testing fiber length.Simultaneously by measuring multiple electric impulse signal time differences, measurement process can be eliminated
The error that middle light path and circuit bring, improves certainty of measurement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of full optical fiber interference formula optic fibre length measurer of the present invention, in figure, all optics
And testing fiber all uses heat sealing machine to be attached, constitute all optical fibre structure.In figure, each component representation is: 1-light source, 2-beam splitting
Than be 50/50 2X2 bonder, 3-splitting ratio be 50/50 2X2 bonder, 4-absorbance be 50% the first fiber-optic transfer
Device, 5-absorbance are the second optical fiber transmission device, the 6-photodetector of 50%, 7-signal resolves and display circuit, 8-treat light-metering
Fine.
In Fig. 1, black arrow is direction of beam propagation.Light source sends pulsed light, and its producing method can be to use electric pulse
Signal Regulation light source or add photoswitch, pulse frequency scalable after continuous output light source.Light source can be LASER Light Source, it is possible to
Think wide spectrum light source.
Fig. 2 is the first optical fiber transmission device and the second optical fiber transmission device cut-away view.Each several part is described as: 9-the first optical fiber
Collimator, 10-the second optical fiber collimator, 11-half-reflection and half-transmission diaphragm, 12-metal-packaged shell.
Fig. 3 is that light source sends two pulsed optical signals continuously, and photodetector detects after interference light signal the one of output
Succession of electrical pulses signal.
Fig. 4 is that circuit resolves schematic diagram, and in figure, electric impulse signal is to produce after light source sends a pulsed optical signals, Δ
T1 represents adjacent two electric impulse signal time intervals, and Δ t2 represents first and the 11st electric impulse signal time interval.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The principle of the invention is based on optical fiber Sagnac interferometer, by the two-beam that transmits in opposite directions in detection optical fiber at outfan
Interference light intensity signal measure fiber lengths.Use pulsed light as flashlight, use two simultaneously and there is certain absorbance
Diaphragm-type optical-fiber transmitter so that photodetector can detect multiple interference light intensity signal.Adjacent two detected
The time difference of interference light intensity signal can calculate testing fiber length.Survey can be eliminated by appropriate design light path and resolving circuit
The error that during amount, light path and circuit bring, improves certainty of measurement.
Refer to Fig. 1, full optical fiber interference formula optic fibre length measurer, it include light source 1, bonder 2, bonder 3,
One optical fiber transmission device the 4, second optical fiber transmission device 5, photodetector 6, signal resolve and display circuit 7, testing fiber 8.
In Fig. 1, each device annexation is: light source 1 exports and inputs one end of tail optical fiber in tail optical fiber and 2X2 bonder 2 and melt
Connecing, the other end and the photodetector 5 that input tail optical fiber in 2X2 bonder 2 input tail optical fiber and carry out welding, and 2X2 bonder 2 exports tail
Fine one end and 2X2 bonder 3 welding, 2X2 bonder 3 two ends output tail optical fiber respectively with the first optical fiber transmission device 4 and the second optical fiber
The input tail optical fiber phase welding of transmitter 5, it is desirable to after welding between bonder 3 to the first optical fiber transmission device 4 and the second optical fiber transmission device 5
Fiber lengths equal, the output tail optical fiber of the first optical fiber transmission device 4 and the second optical fiber transmission device 5 respectively with the two of testing fiber 8
End phase welding, photodetector 6 resolves with signal and display circuit 7 is connected resolves for signal.
Wherein, described first optical fiber transmission device 4 is identical, the most as shown in Figure 2 with the second optical fiber transmission device 5 structure.Including
First optical fiber collimator 9, half-reflection and half-transmission diaphragm the 11, second optical fiber collimator 10, metal-packaged shell 12.Wherein, the first optical fiber
Collimator 9 and bonder 3 welding, the second optical fiber collimator 10 and testing fiber 8 welding, half-reflection and half-transmission diaphragm 11 is arranged on first
It is used between optical fiber collimator 9 and the second optical fiber collimator 10 producing reflection light and transmission light.
It is embodied as flow process:
Step 1: light source 1 sends a pulsed optical signals, its producing method can be to use electric impulse signal modulated light source
Or after continuous output light source, add photoswitch modulation light path, pulse frequency scalable.Light source can be LASER Light Source, it is also possible to for
Wide spectrum light source.
Step 2: optical signal enters, through the 2X2 bonder 2 that splitting ratio is 50/50, the 2X2 bonder that splitting ratio is 50/50
It is divided into the two-beam that light intensity is equal after 3, respectively enters diaphragm-type optical-fiber transmitter 4 and optical fiber transmission device 5 that absorbance is 50%,
The optical signal of 50% is reflected interferes at bonder 3, but leads directly to arm owing to light beam experiences bonder for twice, and another light beam
Twice experience coupling arm, therefore two-beam phase contrast is π, therefore interfering is destructive interference, and detector will not produce electric impulse signal.
And the optical signal of 50% is after being transmitted through the first optical fiber transmission device 4 and the second optical fiber transmission device 5, transmit one along testing fiber 8
Again passing by the second optical fiber transmission device 5 and the first optical fiber transmission device 4 after week, now the optical signal of 50% enters 2X2 bonder 3
Raw interfere, owing to two bonders constitute minimum reciprocal light paths, the equivalent optical path that two-beam signal is transmitted, therefore, two-beam
For constructive interference, photodetector 6 detects first electric impulse signal.
Step 3: when two-beam is again introduced into the first optical fiber transmission device 4 and the second optical fiber transmission device 5 in step 2, still have
The optical signal of 50% is reflected back testing fiber 8 again, is again introduced into the second optical fiber transmission device 5 and the first optical fiber passes after transmitting one week
Defeated device 4, the optical signal of 50% enters 2X2 bonder 3 and interferes, photodetector 6 detects second electric impulse signal.
Meanwhile, the optical signal of 50% continues to be reflected back testing fiber, is used for forming follow-up electric impulse signal, until interference light signal
Decay to detector minimum detectable power.
Step 4: light source continues to send pulsed optical signals, constantly repetition step 2 is to step 3, and detector will detect one and be
Row electric impulse signal.Fig. 3 describes the electric pulse letter that after light source sends two pulsed optical signals continuously, photodetector detects
Number.
Step 5: testing fiber can be calculated by measuring a series of electric impulse signals produced by a pulsed optical signals
Length, resolves principle as shown in Figure 4.In Fig. 4, adjacent two pulse signal interval Δ t1 represent optical signal through testing fiber 8
With the time of the output tail optical fiber of the first optical fiber transmission device 4 and the second optical fiber transmission device 5, i.e.
Δ t1=(L0+L1+L2)*n/c
L in above formula0Represent testing fiber 8 length, L1Represent that the first optical fiber transmission device 4 exports tail optical fiber length, L2Represent second
Optical fiber transmission device 5 exports tail optical fiber length, and n is testing fiber refractive index, and c is the light velocity in vacuum.By measuring Δ t1, if known n,
L1And L2, just can calculate L0。
Step 6: when circuit resolves, appropriate design signal resolving circuit 7, it can be determined that when receiving first pulse signal
Time, triggering timing device and impulse scaler simultaneously, stop timer and impulse scaler when receiving the 11st pulse, now
Timer duration Δ t2=10* Δ t1.Testing fiber length L calculated by Δ t20Light path can be eliminated and circuit noise produces
Raw error, improves certainty of measurement.Use single-chip microcomputer that testing fiber length L can be calculated and be shown0。
Claims (5)
1. a full optical fiber interference formula optic fibre length measurer, it is characterised in that include light source (1), bonder (2), coupling
Device (3), the first optical fiber transmission device (4), the second optical fiber transmission device (5), photodetector (6), signal resolving circuit and display
(7), wherein, light source (1) is connected with bonder (2) by optical fiber, and bonder (2) is connected with bonder (3) by optical fiber, coupling
Device (3) is simultaneously connected with the first optical fiber transmission device (4) and the second optical fiber transmission device (5), described first optical fiber transmission device by optical fiber
(4) and the second optical fiber transmission device (5) connects testing fiber (8) two ends respectively, and photodetector (6) one end connects coupling by optical fiber
Clutch (2), the other end resolves with signal and display circuit (7) is connected.
Full optical fiber interference formula optic fibre length measurer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first optical fiber
Transmitter (4) is identical with the second optical fiber transmission device (5) structure, including the first optical fiber collimator (9), half-reflection and half-transmission diaphragm (11),
Second optical fiber collimator (10), metal-packaged shell (12).Wherein, the first optical fiber collimator (9) and bonder (3) welding, the
Two optical fiber collimators (10) and testing fiber (8) welding, half-reflection and half-transmission diaphragm (11) is arranged on the first optical fiber collimator (9) and the
It is used between two optical fiber collimators (10) producing reflection light and transmission light.
3. a full optical fiber interference formula light based on the full optical fiber interference formula optic fibre length measurer described in claim 1 or 2
Fine length measurement method, it is characterised in that using pulsed light as flashlight, point two-way light respectively enters two after bonder
Having the optical fiber transmission device of certain absorbance, two-way light beam transmits in opposite directions by testing fiber, is again introduced into bonder, and at coupling
Interfering in clutch, owing to light path is minimum reciprocal light path, two light beams light path is identical so that interference signal is long dry mutually
Relating to, photodetector can detect and obtain peak pulse, then due to the reflection of optical fiber transmission device, it is possible to occur repeatedly to do
Relate to so that photodetector can detect multiple peak pulse, utilize the time difference of adjacent two peak pulses to calculate and treat
Survey fiber lengths.
Full optical fiber interference formula optical fibre length measurement method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that some by measuring
Time difference between group adjacent pulse, it is possible to obtain organizing fiber lengths numerical value more, and many group fiber lengths numerical value are averaged
Process.
Full optical fiber interference formula optical fibre length measurement method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that multiple by measuring
Electric impulse signal time difference, and calculate the average time difference that adjacent peak is interpulse, obtain testing fiber length.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN108645344A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-10-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber core size measuring device and method based on Fabry-Perot interference |
| CN110260798A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-09-20 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of length measurement method and its device based on optical fiber transmission and laser interference |
| CN111947579A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-17 | 昂纳信息技术（深圳）有限公司 | Optical fiber length measuring method |
| CN112361955A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-12 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Optical fiber Sagnac interferometer based on femtosecond laser |
| CN112525084A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-19 | 广东复安科技发展有限公司 | Device and method for measuring length of optical fiber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112525084A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-19 | 广东复安科技发展有限公司 | Device and method for measuring length of optical fiber |
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