CN107064539A - A kind of big visual field photon Doppler speed measuring device and method - Google Patents
A kind of big visual field photon Doppler speed measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107064539A CN107064539A CN201710287529.XA CN201710287529A CN107064539A CN 107064539 A CN107064539 A CN 107064539A CN 201710287529 A CN201710287529 A CN 201710287529A CN 107064539 A CN107064539 A CN 107064539A
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- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000931526 Acer campestre Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000827 velocimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- FMYKJLXRRQTBOR-BZSNNMDCSA-N acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](C=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(C)=O FMYKJLXRRQTBOR-BZSNNMDCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/36—Devices characterised by the use of optical means, e.g. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
Abstract
The present invention relates to laser testing field, the present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art there is provided a kind of speed measuring device or method, so that the tachometric survey of big visual field is realized, and whole system is not readily susceptible to the damage of high power laser light.Laser signal is separated into the intrinsic light field signal of laser and movement velocity test signal by laser signal separation light path of the present invention；Movement velocity test signal is irradiated in after surface of moving object by movement velocity test signal transmitting light path, reflexes to movement velocity test signal receiving light path；Movement velocity test signal receiving light path receives the movement velocity test signal with movable information of moving object reflection, so as to form the reception light field signal of whole visual field；The intrinsic light field signal of laser after processing is carried out interference treatment by laser signal optical interference circuit with the reception light field signal after processing, obtains the frequency f of moving object interference signal；Moving object speed calculation module, according to the frequency f of moving object interference signal, calculates movement velocity v.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser testing field, especially a kind of big visual field photon Doppler speed measuring device and method.
Background technology
Photon Laser Doppler Technique For Measuring Velocity is to be based on optical Doppler effect and beam interference principle, and its operation principle is as follows：
Laser is radiated at the surface of moving object to be measured, and the laser of reflection can be produced and moving object because of Doppler (Doppler) effect
The frequency displacement that speed is directly proportional, makes the reflected light of frequency displacement be interfered with the intrinsic light of laser, and the change of interference frequencies reflects fortune
The change of dynamic speed, by obtain history that interference frequencies change over time so as to non-contactly, continuously measure moving object
The change procedure of the speed in body surface face, displacement and acceleration.
Photon Doppler anemometer (Photon Doppler Velocimeter, PDV) and any reflecting surface speed interference
Instrument (Velocity Interferometer System for Any Reflector, VISAR) is Shock wave physics and detonation
Important tester in physical study field.In the detonation velocity measuring technique development of early stage, due to being turned by photoelectricity at that time
Parallel operation and the limitation of oscillograph recording bandwidth, VISAR is always the leading role that detonation tests the speed.
The development of Fibre Optical Communication Technology and high speed optoelectronic device makes photon Laser Doppler Technique For Measuring Velocity (Photon Doppler
Velocimetry, PDV) develop rapidly, U.S.'s livermore national laboratory (Lawrence Livermore in 2006
National Laboratory, LLNL) in the curly hair of REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS publications the 77th table one
Piece article (Compact system for high-speed velocimetry using heterodyne techniques)
Describe photon Laser Doppler Technique For Measuring Velocity and its application in detonation physics.
The content of the invention
The present invention can only for example measure spot speed, device and easily damage primarily directed to the shortcoming of current PDV velocity measuring techniques
Bad, expensive, return loss is difficult to eliminate, it is proposed that there is provided a kind of big visual field photon Doppler for brand-new technological improvement
Speed measuring device or method, so that the tachometric survey of big visual field is realized, and whole system is not readily susceptible to the damage of high power laser light.
Surveyed in order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is to provide a kind of big visual field photon Doppler using a kind of technical scheme
Speed variator includes：
Laser signal separates light path, for laser signal to be separated into the intrinsic light field signal of laser and movement velocity test
Signal；
Movement velocity test signal launches light path, for movement velocity test signal to be irradiated in after surface of moving object,
Reflex to movement velocity test signal receiving light path；
Movement velocity test signal receiving light path, the movement velocity with movable information for receiving moving object reflection
Test signal, so as to form the reception light field signal of whole visual field；
Laser signal optical interference circuit, for the intrinsic light field signal of laser after processing to be believed with the reception light field after processing
Number carry out interference treatment, obtain the frequency f of moving object interference signal；
Moving object speed calculation module, for the frequency f according to moving object interference signal, passes through vector operation approach
Calculate movement velocity v=2 π f/ [KV·(K2-K1)], wherein the incident wave vector of movement velocity test signal is K1, its absolute value is
2 π/λ, wherein λ are optical maser wavelength；The wave vector for receiving light field signal is K2, its absolute value is 2 π/λ；Wherein, K1And K2It is vector,
Absolute value is identical but direction is different；KVFor the unit direction vector of speed, v is positive number.
Further, the laser signal separation light path is realized by multi-module optical fiber coupler.
Further, the movement velocity test signal transmitting light path is realized by multimode fibre；Or pass through multimode light
Lens that are fine and being coupled with multimode fibre are realized；The laser for wherein producing laser signal is used as tail optical fiber using multimode fibre.
Further, the movement velocity test signal receiving light path is realized by single-mode fiber, or passes through single-mode optics
Fine and with Single-Mode Fiber Coupling lens are realized.
Further, the intrinsic light field signal processing of the laser is：Laser intrinsic signals pass sequentially through multimode
Fibre optic attenuator, 1*N multimodes enter laser signal optical interference circuit after being handled to single mode converter and carry out interference treatment.
Further, the processing procedure of the reception light field signal is：Receive light field signal pass sequentially through fiber amplifier,
Enter laser signal optical interference circuit after optical fiber filter processing and carry out interference treatment.
Further, when fiber amplifier is N, and N is equal to 1, laser signal optical interference circuit includes a single-mode fiber coupling
Clutch and a photodetector, 1*N multimodes to single mode converter refer to 1*1 multimodes to single mode converter；When N is more than or equal to
When 2, laser signal optical interference circuit includes N number of single-mode optical-fibre coupler and N number of photodetector, 1*N multimodes to single mode converter
Refer to 1*N multimodes to single mode converter.
Further, the intrinsic light field signal of laser after processing is with the reception light field signal after processing in single-mode fiber coupling
After clutch is coupled, then by photodetector, so as to detect the travel frequency f for obtaining moving object.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is to provide big visual field photon Doppler test side using a kind of technical scheme
Method is specifically included：
Laser signal is separated into the intrinsic light field signal of laser and movement velocity test signal by laser signal separation light path；
Movement velocity test signal is irradiated in after surface of moving object by movement velocity test signal transmitting light path, is reflexed to
Movement velocity test signal receiving light path；
Movement velocity test signal receiving light path, the movement velocity with movable information for receiving moving object reflection
Test signal, so as to form the reception light field signal of whole visual field；
Laser signal optical interference circuit enters the intrinsic light field signal of laser after processing with the reception light field signal after processing
Row interference treatment, obtains the frequency f of moving object interference signal；
Moving object speed calculation module, for the frequency f according to moving object interference signal, passes through vector operation approach
Calculate movement velocity v=2 π f/ [KV·(K2-K1)], wherein the incident wave vector of movement velocity test signal is K1, its absolute value is
2 π/λ, wherein λ are optical maser wavelength；The wave vector for receiving light field signal is K2, its absolute value is 2 π/λ；Wherein, K1And K2It is vector,
Absolute value is identical but direction is different；KVFor the unit direction vector of speed, v is positive number.
Further, the laser signal separation light path is realized by multi-module optical fiber coupler；The movement velocity test
Signal transmitting light path is realized by multimode fibre；Or the lens coupled by multimode fibre and with multimode fibre are realized；Its
The middle laser for producing laser signal is used as tail optical fiber using multimode fibre；The movement velocity test signal receiving light path passes through list
Mode fiber is realized, or is realized by single-mode fiber and with the lens of Single-Mode Fiber Coupling.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
In current PDV velocity measuring techniques, transmitting light path and receiving light path are coaxial configuration, then using beam splitter or belt
Device realizes the separation for receiving light beam, therefore can only realize that spot speed is measured.Inevitably be present return loss in other system, return
The detection light that the light and target surface that ripple loss is produced are returned is interfered with each other, so as to influence signal to understand.
Movement velocity test signal transmitting light path is in the present invention and multimode fibre is coupled lens or multimode fibre sheet
Body, movement velocity test signal launches light path by movement velocity test signal and is irradiated to moving object target surface, forms one big
Visual field；The lens that movement velocity test signal receiving light path is used and single-mode fiber beam is coupled realize the detection of detection light field,
So as to form the reception of the reflective light intensity of whole visual field, light field and the intrinsic optical interference of laser are received, so as to realize velocity field
Measurement.Due to not using coaxial configuration in the present invention, the influence of return loss is eliminated, the deciphering of signal is more beneficial for.
The PDV velocity-measuring systems of prior art use full single-mode fiber structure, and the coupling of laser is carried using single-mode fiber
Go out very high requirement, considerably increase the cost of laser.Other single-mode fiber is very easy to damage under high power laser light
It is bad, reduce the stability of system.And the laser in the present invention uses multimode fibre as tail optical fiber, laser can be reduced
Development cost, movement velocity test signal transmitting light path equally uses multimode fibre, can so ensure high power laser light many
Transmit, because the core diameter of multimode fibre is bigger than single-mode fiber 10 times to more than 100 times, swash therefore, it is possible to effectively reduction in mode fiber
Optical power density, prevents optical fibre device (such as fiber connector, circulator) from damaging.
Brief description of the drawings
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein：
Fig. 1 is movement velocity test signal transmitting light path and movement velocity test signal receiving light path and moving object target surface
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is principle of the invention block diagram.
In figure：
1- narrow linewidth laser 2- multi-module optical fiber coupler 3- movement velocitys test signal launches light path
4- movement velocity test signal receiving light path 5- multimode fibre attenuator 6-- fiber amplifiers
7- fiber amplifiers 8-1 × N multimodes are to single mode converter 9- optical fiber filters
10- optical fiber filter 11- single-mode optical-fibre coupler 12- single-mode optical-fibre couplers
13- photodetector 14- photodetectors.
Embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless specifically stated otherwise, can be equivalent by other or with similar purpose
Alternative features are replaced.I.e., unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics
.
It is whole in the present invention to use single mode-multimode fibre mixed structure.Laser is used as tail optical fiber using multimode fibre；Motion
Velocity test signal transmitting light path uses multimode fibre；Movement velocity test signal receiving light path uses single-mode fiber；Finally lead to
Cross the interference that single-mode optical-fibre coupler realizes dual-beam.
Connected mode is as follows：Laser connects multi-module optical fiber coupler, and multi-module optical fiber coupler is divided into two branch roads；One
Branch road is launched in the target surface that light path irradiates moving object, movement velocity test signal receiving light path by movement velocity test signal
Single-mode fiber beam receives reflection or the scattered light of the target surface from moving object, and is connected on fiber amplifier, optical fiber
Amplifier connects optical fiber filter；Another branch road laser intrinsic signals connects fibre optic attenuator, fibre optic attenuator connection 1
× N multimodes are to single mode converter.Two branch road light are connected to the output end of single-mode optical-fibre coupler, single-mode optical-fibre coupler
Output end connects photodetector.
The wavelength of laser is usually 1550nm, can so utilize existing optic communication device；Line width is 10kHz left
The right side, so as to fully ensure that the temporal coherence of laser.The core diameter of multimode fibre be 62.5 μm or more than.The core diameter of single-mode fiber
For 10 μm.Single-mode optical-fibre coupler can be 1 × 2 or 3 × 3 structures.The bandwidth of detector is generally in more than 5GHz so as to protect
The high tachometric survey of card.
The invention is not limited in foregoing embodiment.The present invention, which is expanded to, any in this manual to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of big visual field photon Doppler speed measuring device, it is characterised in that including：
Laser signal separates light path, for laser signal to be separated into the intrinsic light field signal of laser and movement velocity test letter
Number；
Movement velocity test signal launches light path, for movement velocity test signal to be irradiated in after surface of moving object, reflection
To movement velocity test signal receiving light path；
Movement velocity test signal receiving light path, the test of the movement velocity with movable information for receiving moving object reflection
Signal, so as to form the reception light field signal of whole visual field；
Laser signal optical interference circuit, for the intrinsic light field signal of laser after processing to be entered with the reception light field signal after processing
Row interference treatment, obtains the frequency f of moving object interference signal；
Moving object speed calculation module, for the frequency f according to moving object interference signal, is calculated by vector operation approach
Movement velocity v=2 π f/ [KV·(K2-K1)], wherein the incident wave vector of movement velocity test signal is K1, its absolute value be 2 π/
λ, wherein λ are optical maser wavelength；The wave vector for receiving light field signal is K2, its absolute value is 2 π/λ；Wherein, K1And K2It is vector, definitely
It is worth identical but direction different；KVFor the unit direction vector of speed, v is positive number.
2. a kind of big visual field photon Doppler speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the laser signal
Separation light path is realized by multi-module optical fiber coupler.
3. a kind of big visual field photon Doppler speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the movement velocity
Test signal transmitting light path is realized by multimode fibre；Or the lens coupled by multimode fibre and with multimode fibre are real
It is existing；The laser for wherein producing laser signal is used as tail optical fiber using multimode fibre.
4. a kind of big visual field photon Doppler speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the movement velocity
Test signal receiving light path is realized by single-mode fiber, or the lens reality by single-mode fiber and with Single-Mode Fiber Coupling
It is existing.
5. a kind of big visual field photon Doppler speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the laser sheet
Levying light field signal processing is：Laser intrinsic signals pass sequentially through multimode fibre attenuator, 1*N multimodes to single mode converter
Enter laser signal optical interference circuit after processing and carry out interference treatment.
6. a kind of big visual field photon Doppler speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the reception light field
The processing procedure of signal is：Receive after light field signal passes sequentially through fiber amplifier, optical fiber filter processing and enter laser signal
Optical interference circuit carries out interference treatment.
7. a kind of big visual field photon Doppler speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that work as fiber amplifier
For N, when N is equal to 1, laser signal optical interference circuit includes a single-mode optical-fibre coupler and a photodetector, and 1*N multimodes are arrived
Single mode converter refers to 1*1 multimodes to single mode converter；When N is more than or equal to 2, laser signal optical interference circuit includes N number of list
Mode fiber coupler and N number of photodetector, 1*N multimodes to single mode converter refer to 1*N multimodes to single mode converter.
8. a kind of big visual field photon Doppler speed measuring device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the laser after processing
The intrinsic light field signal of device after single-mode optical-fibre coupler is coupled, then passes through photodetection with the reception light field signal after processing
Device, so as to detect the travel frequency f for obtaining moving object.
9. the method for testing based on one of claim 1-8 big visual field photon Doppler's test devices, it is characterised in that tool
Body includes：
Laser signal is separated into the intrinsic light field signal of laser and movement velocity test signal by laser signal separation light path；
Movement velocity test signal is irradiated in after surface of moving object by movement velocity test signal transmitting light path, reflexes to motion
Velocity test signal receiving light path；
Movement velocity test signal receiving light path, the test of the movement velocity with movable information for receiving moving object reflection
Signal, so as to form the reception light field signal of whole visual field；
Laser signal optical interference circuit is done the intrinsic light field signal of laser after processing with the reception light field signal after processing
Processing is related to, the frequency f of moving object interference signal is obtained；
Moving object speed calculation module, for the frequency f according to moving object interference signal, is calculated by vector operation approach
Movement velocity v=2 π f/ [KV·(K2-K1)], wherein the incident wave vector of movement velocity test signal is K1, its absolute value be 2 π/
λ, wherein λ are optical maser wavelength；The wave vector for receiving light field signal is K2, its absolute value is 2 π/λ；Wherein, K1And K2It is vector, definitely
It is worth identical but direction different；KVFor the unit direction vector of speed, v is positive number.
10. the method for testing based on big visual field photon Doppler's test device described in claim 9, it is characterised in that described to swash
Optical signal separation light path is realized by multi-module optical fiber coupler；The movement velocity test signal transmitting light path passes through multimode fibre
Realize；Or the lens coupled by multimode fibre and with multimode fibre are realized；The laser for wherein producing laser signal is adopted
Tail optical fiber is used as with multimode fibre；The movement velocity test signal receiving light path is realized by single-mode fiber, or passes through single mode
Optical fiber and the lens realization with Single-Mode Fiber Coupling.
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| CN109374914A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-02-22 | 西安工业大学 | Larger Dynamic measurement range all -fiber Doppler speed measuring device |
| CN113406264A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-09-17 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Explosive burning rate non-contact type measurement experiment device and method based on terahertz waves |
| CN114487467A (en) * | 2022-01-30 | 2022-05-13 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Laser interference speed measurement device and method with retest function |
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