CN104180798A - Multi-optical-fiber-ring-series single-axis optical fiber gyroscope and multi-optical-fiber-ring-series method - Google Patents
Multi-optical-fiber-ring-series single-axis optical fiber gyroscope and multi-optical-fiber-ring-series method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104180798A CN104180798A CN201410473380.0A CN201410473380A CN104180798A CN 104180798 A CN104180798 A CN 104180798A CN 201410473380 A CN201410473380 A CN 201410473380A CN 104180798 A CN104180798 A CN 104180798A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 177
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
- G01C19/721—Details
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Gyroscopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-fiber ring series single-axis fiber optic gyroscope and a multi-fiber ring series method, wherein two or more fiber optic rings are connected in series to form a sensitive shaft of the fiber optic gyroscope, and simultaneously, a complete optical fiber is adopted to complete the winding of the plurality of fiber optic rings according to a specific sequence and method, so that the reciprocity requirement of the fiber optic gyroscope is ensured, additional welding points are not added, and the fiber optic gyroscope is more flexibly adapted to the installation requirement of an application system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention specifically relates to a kind of single axis fiber gyro instrument and many fiber optic loop series connection method of many fiber optic loop series connection, is composed in series the sensing ring of single axis fiber gyro by two or more fiber optic loop, for the special angular rate measurement application of mounting condition.
Background technology
Optical fibre gyro is a kind of more novel angular rate sensor, because the features such as its high precision, high bandwidth, great dynamic range are all widely used in fields such as inertial navigation, attitude control, stable inertias.Optical fibre gyro is the fibre optic interferometer based on the work of Sagnac effect principle.Its principle is in ring interferometer, and the light that two beam reversals propagate can interfere; When ring interferometer has angular speed motion with respect to inertial space, the light that two beam reversals propagate is because Sagnac phase shift produces phase differential, and phase differential size is proportional to angular speed size, obtains phase differential size can calculate angular speed information by interference technique.Sagnac phase shift φ
sas follows with turning rate Ω relation:
Wherein L is optical fiber total length, and D is fiber optic loop mean diameter, and λ is for propagating average light wavelength, and c is the light velocity in vacuum.
For the definite light source of wavelength and certain phase noise level, the precision of optical fibre gyro is main relevant with fiber optic loop diameter with optical fiber total length.Optical fiber total length is longer, and fiber optic loop diameter is larger, and optical fibre gyro precision is just higher.For general optical fibre gyro, the optional scope of the relative fiber lengths of selectable fiber optic loop diameter variation range is little, and therefore actual central optical fiber total length is the greatest factor that determines that optical fibre gyro precision can be up to the standard.
In some applied environments as special in inertially stabilized platform etc., due to the restriction of installing, optical fibre gyro can not be installed on the center of system.Because this application system has pair requirement of system architecture barycenter balance mostly, therefore conventionally also need extra mechanism to carry out the trim of barycenter again.
At present the most frequently used single axis fiber gyro instrument adopts the design of single fiber ring.General high-precision fibre optic gyroscope all adopts longer optical fiber, and winding technology has limited optical fiber coiling thickness and the coiling number of plies, so the diameter of high-precision optical fiber gyro instrument is also larger, in the less application systems such as aircraft of diameter, cannot well be applied.
Requiring barycenter at center and sensor cannot be installed in the applied environment at center, can fiber optic loop need to be symmetrically distributed in to the both sides of barycenter according to installing.Like this, with respect to the single axis fiber gyro that only has a same fiber optic loop, optical fiber total length rises to total several times of fiber optic loop, and its precision also corresponding raising is askd to join one equimultiple, solves simultaneously and needs extra trim problem.Sensor accuracy and diameter are being required in all higher applied environment, adopt two or more fiber optic loop to be composed in series optical fibre gyro, the fiber optic loop that can adopt monocycle winding method coiling diameter to meet the demands in each fiber optic loop, by fiber optic loop, connect and improve the total length of optical fiber, thereby meet the requirement of precision.
In order to guarantee that the phase differential of the light that in optical fibre gyro, two beam reversals propagate is to be produced by Sagnac phase shift completely, require the path of two-beam propagation process identical, this is the requirement of optical fibre gyro reciprocity.The four extremely symmetrical windings of the many employings of optical fibre gyro at present, the methods such as the symmetrical winding of son four extremely symmetrical windings or the ends of the earth of intersecting, to guarantee that two-beam ripple is identical with stress effect in the temperature effect of synchronization experience, can not bring nonreciprocity phase shift.If simply by the good single fiber ring series connection of a plurality of coilings,, because two-beam enters fiber optic loop system in the other direction, at overwhelming majority's moment two-beam, in different fiber optic loop, propagate, destroyed the symmetry of winding, can bring nonreciprocity phase shift, not meet nonreciprocity requirement; Adopt the mode of welding to connect the good fiber optic loop of a plurality of coilings, also can make the fusion point in system increase, affect the performance of optical fibre gyro.Therefore, should adopt special coiling order and method to guarantee the reciprocity of the rear system of fiber optic loop series connection.
Summary of the invention
In the application system that has special mounting to require at some due to existing single axis fiber gyro scheme, cannot well meet application requirements, the single axis fiber gyro instrument and the many fiber optic loop series connection method that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of many fiber optic loop series connection, by two or more fiber optic loop being composed in series to a sensitive axes for optical fibre gyro, according to specific order and method, adopt a complete optical fiber to complete the coiling of a plurality of fiber optic loop simultaneously, the reciprocity that guarantees optical fibre gyro requires not increase extra fusion point, make optical fibre gyro adapt to more neatly the installation requirement of application system.
Inventive principle of the present invention is: typical single axis fiber gyro comprises light source (1), photodetector (2), fiber coupler (3), integrated phase modulator (4), single fiber optic loop (5) and signal processing circuit (6) etc., as shown in Figure 1.Wherein, fiber optic loop is the position that produces the phase shift of Sa Ke Neck between two-beam, and the length of optical fiber is the greatest factor that determines optical fibre gyro precision conventionally.In inertially stabilized platform etc., require barycenter to be arranged in the application that system rotation center and sensor cannot be installed to center, conventionally need extra counterweight to offset the centroid motion that optical fibre gyro brings, limited the performance of system; Because the single fiber optic loop of restriction of existing technique for coiling cannot meet long and little two requirements of fiber optic loop diameter of optical fiber total length simultaneously, the application in system that optical fibre gyro all has relatively high expectations to sensor accuracy and diameter at small-bore aircraft etc. is restricted.Thought of the present invention is exactly: by two or more fiber optic loop being composed in series to an axle for optical fibre gyro, make fiber optic loop meet symmetrical installation or the little requirement of the high diameter of precision; , a complete optical fiber is directly wound in a plurality of fiber optic loop according to specific order and method meanwhile, makes system meet the requirement of optical fibre gyro reciprocity, do not increase extra optical fiber fusion welding point.
The present invention's adopted technical scheme of dealing with problems is as follows:
One, the single axis fiber gyro instrument of many fiber optic loop series connection
The single axis fiber gyro instrument of many fiber optic loop series connection, comprise fiber optic loop system (7) and signal processing circuit (6) that light source (1), photodetector (2), fiber coupler (3), integrated phase modulator (4), two or more fiber optic loop are composed in series, as shown in Figure 2.
Described fibre optic gyroscope can adopt the mounting means that is divided into several subsystems, or adopts integrated installation mode.The described mounting means that is divided into several subsystems, light source (1), photodetector (2), fiber coupler (3), signal processing circuit (6) fixed installation are formed to signal processing unit (12), integrated phase modulator (4) is fixedly installed in one of them fiber optic loop, or it is upper to be fixedly installed in the measured motion of optical fibre gyro (8), by connecting optical fiber (9) and analog signal line (10), be connected with signal processing unit (11).In fiber optic loop system (7), each fiber optic loop designs independent installing mechanism, is installed on after application system that each fiber optic loop sensitive axes is parallel and direction is consistent, as shown in Figure 3.Described integrated installation mode is fixedly installed in light source (1), photodetector (2), fiber coupler (3), integrated phase modulator (4), fiber optic loop system (7), signal processing circuit (6) in housing (12), as shown in Figure 4, the coincidence of the sensitivity of each fiber optic loop in fiber optic loop system (7) and direction are consistent.
Described signal processing circuit (6) contains photodetector (2) slot and sample circuit, integrated phase modulator (4) driving circuit and CPU (central processing unit), and is connected with integrated phase modulator (4) by analog signal line.
Two, many fiber optic loop series connection method
Many fiber optic loop series connection method, is directly wound on a complete optical fiber in two or more fiber optic loop according to specific order and method, forms many fiber optic loop system, makes system meet the requirement of optical fibre gyro reciprocity, does not increase extra optical fiber fusion welding point.
Described optical fiber is single-mode fiber, or is polarization maintaining optical fibre, and its length is slightly longer than required optical fiber total length in fiber optic loop system.
Described fiber optic loop diameter, all identical around fine partial shape volume.Wherein a fiber optic loop is initial fiber optic loop, only has two fibers; Other fiber optic loop are cascaded fiber ring, have respectively two to enter fine and two fibers.Fiber and enter fine part and all adopt deep-slotted chip breaker that optical fiber is drawn or introduced, to reduce the bending radius of optical fiber.
Described order and method step are as follows:
1) note optical fiber total length is L, fiber optic loop number is N, get optical fiber mid point, be that length is L/2 position, mid point as four extremely symmetrical windings or the symmetrical winding of intersection son four extremely symmetrical windings or the ends of the earth, in initial fiber optic loop, according to four extremely symmetrical windings or first fiber optic loop of the symmetrical winding coiling of son four extremely symmetrical windings or the ends of the earth of intersecting, coiling length is L/N.Now tail optical fiber length in both sides is respectively (N-1) L/2N, as shown in Fig. 5 (a);
2) two tail optical fibers are introduced to cascaded fiber ring by the deep-slotted chip breaker of cascaded fiber ring, as Fig. 5 (b), be wherein consistent with two fiber lengths of last fiber optic loop coupling part.Using two optical fiber point of crossing while introducing cascaded fiber ring as four extremely symmetrical windings or the mid point of the symmetrical winding of son four extremely symmetrical windings or the ends of the earth of intersecting, on cascaded fiber ring, according to four extremely symmetrical windings or the symmetrical winding winding optical fiber ring of son four extremely symmetrical windings or the ends of the earth that intersects, coiling length is L/N;
3) process repetition 2), until all fiber optic loop coilings complete.Two fibers of last cascaded fiber ring are as the fiber of fiber optic loop system, for being connected with integrated phase modulator.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
1) the present invention is directed to optical fibre gyro high precision and barycenter balance be installed and have relatively high expectations, or optical fibre gyro precision and diameter require all higher system, a plurality of fiber optic loop are composed in series to an axle for optical fibre gyro, can effectively solve optical fibre gyro install to need extra counterweight trim and problem that cannot the fiber optic loop that coiling length is longer in the less fiber optic loop of diameter, and optical fibre gyro is better applied in these two kinds of application systems.
2) adopt specific order and method during fiber optic loop coiling of the present invention, adopt a complete optical fiber to complete the series connection coiling of a plurality of fiber optic loop, guaranteed the reciprocity requirement of optical fibre gyro, with respect to monocycle single axis fiber gyro, do not increase extra fusion point, therefore can not exert an influence to the performance of optical fibre gyro.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 typical case single axis fiber gyro forms;
The single axis fiber gyro instrument of the many fiber optic loop series connection of Fig. 2 forms;
Fig. 3 is divided into the mounting means of several subsystems;
Fig. 4 integrated installation mode;
Many fiber optic loop of Fig. 5 series connection method, Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b is two steps in same method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, in the present invention, the single axis fiber gyro instrument of many fiber optic loop series connection comprises that light source (1), photodetector (2), fiber coupler (3), integrated phase modulator (4), fiber optic loop system (7), the signal processing circuit (6) of many fiber optic loop series connection form in the structural representation of the single axis fiber gyro instrument of many fiber optic loop series connection.
For guaranteeing the reciprocity requirement of optical fibre gyro, avoid unnecessary optical fiber fusion welding point to bring extra impact to the performance of optical fibre gyro simultaneously as far as possible, adopt a complete and optical fiber, according to the requirement of symmetrical winding, carry out coiling.Symmetrical winding requires optical fiber to be divided into symmetrical two parts, and the moment that light propagates into every part is identical.First centered by the mid point of whole optical fiber in first fiber optic loop with symmetrical winding coiling, the length of tail optical fiber is also symmetrical, meets symmetry requirement, as shown in Fig. 5 (a).Centered by the symmetry place of two tail optical fibers, in follow-up fiber optic loop, with symmetrical winding coiling, now can think that the fiber optic loop of coiling is above a point again, this point is also the mid point of new fiber optic loop, therefore still meets symmetry requirement, as shown in Fig. 5 (b).
From the principle of Sagnac effect, fiber optic loop is the position that produces Sagnac phase shift between the light of the reverse propagation of two bundles, therefore should make the sensitive axes of fiber optic loop overlap with the axle of expection measured angular motion.
In being divided into the mounting means of several subsystems, also to guarantee that the coiling direction of each root optical fiber on each ring is identical, and make optical fiber coiling plane parallel in each fiber optic loop, securely each fiber optic loop is fixed in application system, and the connection optical fiber between fiber optic loop is fixed in the structure of application system.Integrated phase modulator (4) also should fixedly mount relatively with fiber optic loop, can be installed in application system platform or some fiber optic loop.Other are partly integrated in signal processing unit (11) for light sources etc., by connecting optical fiber (9) and analog signal line (10), are connected with integrated phase modulator (4).It is upper that signal processing unit (11) can be installed on motion platform (8) with fiber optic loop, also can be installed on the arbitrary portion outside system motion part.
In integrated installation mode, connection optical fiber between each fiber optic loop is fixed in the deep-slotted chip breaker of optical fiber ring stand, guarantee that the coiling direction of every half section of optical fiber on each ring is identical, and make optical fiber coiling plane parallel in each fiber optic loop, firm each fiber optic loop of fixing, and with the integrated fixed installations of other parts such as light source (1), photodetector (2), fiber coupler (3), integrated phase modulator (4), signal processing circuit (6).
Claims (6)
1. the single axis fiber gyro instrument that fiber optic loop more than a kind is connected, it is characterized in that: comprise fiber optic loop system (7) and signal processing circuit (6) that light source (1), photodetector (2), fiber coupler (3), integrated phase modulator (4), two or more fiber optic loop are composed in series, employing is divided into the mounting means of several subsystems, or integrated installation mode is installed.
2. the single axis fiber gyro instrument that a kind of many fiber optic loop according to claim 1 are connected, it is characterized in that: the mounting means that is divided into several subsystems is that light source (1), photodetector (2), fiber coupler (3), signal processing circuit (6) fixed installation are formed to signal processing unit (12), integrated phase modulator (4) is fixedly installed in one of them fiber optic loop, or it is upper to be fixedly installed in the measured motion of optical fibre gyro (8), by connecting optical fiber (9) and analog signal line (10), be connected with signal processing unit (11); In fiber optic loop system (7), each fiber optic loop designs independent installing mechanism, is installed on after application system that each fiber optic loop sensitive axes is parallel and direction is consistent.
3. the single axis fiber gyro instrument that a kind of many fiber optic loop according to claim 1 are connected, it is characterized in that: integrated installation mode is that light source (1), photodetector (2), fiber coupler (3), integrated phase modulator (4), fiber optic loop system (7), signal processing circuit (6) are fixedly installed in housing (12), the coincidence of the sensitivity of each fiber optic loop in fiber optic loop system (7) and direction are consistent.
4. many fiber optic loop series connection method of the single axis fiber gyro instrument that fiber optic loop more than a kind is connected, it is characterized in that: a complete optical fiber is directly wound in two or more fiber optic loop, the many fiber optic loop system that forms series connection, described coiling order and method are as follows:
1) note optical fiber total length is L, fiber optic loop number is N, get optical fiber mid point, be that length is L/2 position, mid point as four extremely symmetrical windings or the symmetrical winding of intersection son four extremely symmetrical windings or the ends of the earth, in initial fiber optic loop, according to four extremely symmetrical windings or first fiber optic loop of the symmetrical winding coiling of son four extremely symmetrical windings or the ends of the earth of intersecting, coiling length is L/N; Now tail optical fiber length in both sides is respectively (N-1) L/2N;
2) two tail optical fibers are introduced to cascaded fiber ring by the deep-slotted chip breaker of cascaded fiber ring, be wherein consistent with two fiber lengths of last fiber optic loop coupling part; Using two optical fiber point of crossing while introducing cascaded fiber ring as four extremely symmetrical windings or the mid point of the symmetrical winding of son four extremely symmetrical windings or the ends of the earth of intersecting, on cascaded fiber ring, according to four extremely symmetrical windings or the symmetrical winding winding optical fiber ring of son four extremely symmetrical windings or the ends of the earth that intersects, coiling length is L/N;
3) process repetition 2), until all fiber optic loop coilings complete; Two fibers of last cascaded fiber ring are as the fiber of fiber optic loop system, for being connected with integrated phase modulator.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: optical fiber is single-mode fiber, or is polarization maintaining optical fibre, and in its Length Ratio fiber optic loop system, required optical fiber total length is long 1 to 2 meter.
6. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the diameter of fiber optic loop, all identical around fine partial shape volume; Wherein a fiber optic loop is initial fiber optic loop, only has two fibers; Other fiber optic loop are cascaded fiber ring, have respectively two to enter fine and two fibers.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106441368A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-02-22 | 浙江大学 | Measurement method and device for temperature variation characteristics of fiber-optic ring of fiber-optic gyroscope |
| CN106931958A (en) * | 2017-05-20 | 2017-07-07 | 重庆华渝电气集团有限公司 | A kind of three-axis integrative formula optical fibre gyro and its demodulation method |
| CN111829502A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-27 | 武汉京天智光科技有限公司 | Series ring light path module for fiber-optic gyroscope |
| CN112304301A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-02 | 西安中科华芯测控有限公司 | Method for realizing optical fiber ring of small-caliber cylindrical high-precision optical fiber gyroscope |
| CN115585801A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-01-10 | 浙江航天润博测控技术有限公司 | Distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with reciprocal segmented optical paths and method |
| CN117706687A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-03-15 | 广东奥斯诺工业有限公司 | All-fiber nonmagnetic isolator and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102116623A (en) * | 2010-01-05 | 2011-07-06 | 中国航天科技集团公司第九研究院第十六研究所 | Optical fiber ring winding method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106441368A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-02-22 | 浙江大学 | Measurement method and device for temperature variation characteristics of fiber-optic ring of fiber-optic gyroscope |
| CN106931958A (en) * | 2017-05-20 | 2017-07-07 | 重庆华渝电气集团有限公司 | A kind of three-axis integrative formula optical fibre gyro and its demodulation method |
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| CN111829502A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-27 | 武汉京天智光科技有限公司 | Series ring light path module for fiber-optic gyroscope |
| CN112304301A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-02 | 西安中科华芯测控有限公司 | Method for realizing optical fiber ring of small-caliber cylindrical high-precision optical fiber gyroscope |
| CN115585801A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-01-10 | 浙江航天润博测控技术有限公司 | Distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with reciprocal segmented optical paths and method |
| CN115585801B (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2024-02-06 | 浙江航天润博测控技术有限公司 | Distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with segmented optical path reciprocity and method |
| CN117706687A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-03-15 | 广东奥斯诺工业有限公司 | All-fiber nonmagnetic isolator and preparation method thereof |
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