CN218443920U - Distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with reciprocal segmented optical paths - Google Patents
Distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with reciprocal segmented optical paths Download PDFInfo
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- CN218443920U CN218443920U CN202222371015.1U CN202222371015U CN218443920U CN 218443920 U CN218443920 U CN 218443920U CN 202222371015 U CN202222371015 U CN 202222371015U CN 218443920 U CN218443920 U CN 218443920U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with reciprocal segmented optical paths, which comprises a light source (1), an optical fiber circulator (2), a Y waveguide (4) and a distributed optical fiber ring (5) which are connected in sequence; the optical fiber circulator (2) is also connected with a photoelectric detector (3). The utility model not only has small winding difficulty of the optical fiber ring and strong reciprocity of the optical path; and the optical fiber ring monomer has small size, can be installed in a distributed mode, has strong adaptability to application scenes, and is particularly suitable for high-precision optical fiber gyroscopes.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fiber gyroscope, especially a distributed high accuracy fiber gyroscope of segmentation light path reciprocity.
Background
The basic principle of the optical fiber gyroscope is based on the Sagnac effect, namely, after two light waves which are transmitted in opposite directions along a closed light path return to a starting point for interference, the phase difference of interference signals is in direct proportion to the input angular speed of a sensitive shaft of the closed light path. The accuracy of a fiber optic gyroscope is proportional to the closed optical path area of the sensitive fiber loop, i.e., the length and diameter of the fiber loop. Therefore, increasing the length and diameter of the optical fiber loop is the most direct and effective method for improving the precision of the optical fiber gyroscope.
In the optical fiber gyroscope, due to the change of the external temperature along with the time, the refractive index of each point in the optical fiber ring changes along with the temperature change, and the moments when two light waves transmitted clockwise and anticlockwise in the optical fiber ring pass through the point are different (except the middle point of the optical fiber ring), so that the two light waves generate phase difference change caused by the temperature, and finally, the signal drift error of the optical fiber gyroscope is caused. This effect is called the Shupe effect and is one of the most important sources of interference noise for fiber optic gyroscopes. To suppress the Shupe effect, four, eight, or sixteen-step symmetric winding techniques are typically used. However, as the length of the optical fiber ring increases, the number of winding layers and the number of turns of the optical fiber ring increase, which greatly increases the difficulty in maintaining the winding precision of the ring. Due to the accumulation of layer-by-layer process errors, the reciprocity of the optical path of the optical fiber ring is greatly reduced along with the increase of the length, and finally the temperature change resistance of the optical fiber gyroscope is reduced.
The existing optical fiber gyroscope generally adopts a single optical fiber ring form, the length of a typical optical fiber ring for a high-precision optical fiber gyroscope is thousands of meters, so that the number of single ring winding layers is more, the size is larger, on one hand, the light path reciprocity of the optical fiber ring is difficult to guarantee under the existing process level, and on the other hand, the larger size also limits the use of the optical fiber gyroscope in certain special-shaped space application scenes.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a mutual distributed high accuracy fiber optic gyroscope of segmentation light path. The utility model not only has small winding difficulty of the optical fiber ring and strong reciprocity of the optical path; and the optical fiber ring monomer has small size, can be installed in a distributed way, has strong adaptability to application scenes, and is particularly suitable for high-precision optical fiber gyroscopes.
The technical scheme of the utility model: the distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with the reciprocal segmented optical path comprises a light source, an optical fiber circulator, a Y waveguide and a distributed optical fiber ring which are sequentially connected; the optical fiber circulator is also connected with a photoelectric detector.
In the distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with reciprocal segmented optical paths, the distributed optical fiber ring comprises a plurality of sequentially connected optical fiber ring segments, and an optical fiber ring is arranged between every two adjacent optical fiber ring segments.
In the distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with the reciprocal segmented optical paths, the number N of the optical fiber ring segments is greater than or equal to 2, and the number M = N-1 of the optical fiber ring-merging fibers.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses constitute by light source, optic fibre circulator, photoelectric detector, Y waveguide and distributed optical fiber ring, whole size is little, but distributed installation, application scene strong adaptability, is particularly suitable for high accuracy fiber gyroscope. The utility model discloses an adopt distributed optical fiber ring form, clockwise and anticlockwise optic fibre among each fiber ring section in the distributed optical fiber ring are for whole fiber ring length central point symmetry, and two bundles of optic fibre length in each fiber ring and the fibre are unanimous and adjacent and arrange away fine to guarantee whole fiber ring about length central point's light path reciprocity, and then guarantee fiber gyroscope's anti temperature variation interference ability. The utility model discloses a distributed optical fiber ring form to can effectively reduce the optical fiber ring coiling degree of difficulty and the reciprocity of light path is also strong. In summary, the utility model not only has small difficulty in winding the optical fiber ring, but also has strong reciprocity of light path; and the optical fiber ring monomer has small size, can be installed in a distributed mode, has strong adaptability to application scenes, and is particularly suitable for high-precision optical fiber gyroscopes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of a distributed optical fiber ring mechanism.
The symbols in the drawings are: 1-light source, 2-optical fiber circulator, 3-photoelectric detector, 4-Y waveguide, 5-distributed optical fiber ring, 501-optical fiber ring segment, and 502-optical fiber ring fiber merging.
Detailed Description
The following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Examples are given. A distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with a segmented optical path reciprocity is formed as shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a light source 1, an optical fiber circulator 2, a Y waveguide 4 and a distributed optical fiber ring 5 which are sequentially connected; the optical fiber circulator 2 is also connected with a photoelectric detector 3.
The distributed optical fiber ring 5 comprises a plurality of sections of optical fiber ring segments 501 connected in sequence, and an optical fiber ring parallel fiber 502 is arranged between adjacent optical fiber ring segments 501.
The number N of the optical fiber ring segments 501 is more than or equal to 2, and the number M = N-1 of the optical fiber ring merging fibers 502.
A method for using a distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with reciprocal segmented optical paths includes dividing light waves emitted by a light source into two light waves after the light waves pass through an optical fiber circulator and a Y waveguide, respectively connecting the two light waves into two input ends of a distributed optical fiber ring to serve as two light path reciprocal light waves transmitted clockwise and anticlockwise in the distributed optical fiber ring.
Clockwise and anticlockwise optical fibers in each optical fiber ring section are symmetrical relative to the length central point of the whole optical fiber ring, two bundles of optical fibers in parallel optical fibers of each optical fiber ring are consistent in length and adjacent and discharge the optical fibers, and the reciprocity of optical paths of the whole optical fiber ring relative to the length central point is ensured.
Light waves emitted by the light source are divided into two light waves after passing through the optical fiber circulator and the Y waveguide, and the two light waves are respectively connected to the two input ends of the distributed optical fiber ring and serve as two light path reciprocal light waves transmitted clockwise and anticlockwise in the distributed optical fiber ring. Clockwise and anticlockwise optical fiber among each fiber ring section are symmetrical for whole fiber ring length central point, and two bundles of optic fibre length in each fiber ring parallel fiber are unanimous and adjacent and arrange away the fibre to guarantee the light path reciprocity of whole fiber ring about length central point, and then guarantee fiber gyroscope's anti temperature variation interference ability.
The utility model discloses the theory of operation:
the relationship between the phase difference of two clockwise and anticlockwise light waves in the optical fiber ring and the rotation angular velocity of the carrier, namely the Sagnac effect, can be expressed as follows:
wherein, L is the optical fiber ring length, D is the optical fiber ring diameter, lambda is the light source light wave length, c is the light speed, and omega is the carrier rotation angular velocity.
As can be seen from equation (1), the accuracy of the optical fiber gyroscope is proportional to the length and diameter of the optical fiber loop. Therefore, increasing the length and diameter of the optical fiber loop is the most direct and effective method for improving the precision of the optical fiber gyroscope.
In the optical fiber gyroscope, in order to suppress the Shupe effect, four-stage, eight-stage, or sixteen-stage equal-ring symmetric winding technology is generally adopted.
Along with the increase of the length of the optical fiber ring, the number of winding layers and the number of turns of the optical fiber ring are increased, and the difficulty of maintaining the winding precision of the ring is greatly increased. Due to the accumulation of layer-by-layer process errors, the reciprocity of the optical path of the optical fiber ring is greatly reduced along with the increase of the length, and finally the temperature change resistance of the optical fiber gyroscope is reduced.
The utility model adopts the distributed optical fiber ring form, and has the characteristics of small difficulty in winding the optical fiber ring and strong reciprocity of optical paths; the optical fiber ring has the characteristics of small size, distributed installation and strong application scene adaptability, and is particularly suitable for high-precision optical fiber gyroscopes.
Claims (3)
1. Segmentation light path reciprocal distributed high accuracy fiber optic gyroscope, its characterized in that: the optical fiber circulator comprises a light source (1), an optical fiber circulator (2), a Y waveguide (4) and a distributed optical fiber ring (5) which are connected in sequence; the optical fiber circulator (2) is also connected with a photoelectric detector (3).
2. The segmented optical path reciprocal distributed high-precision fiber optic gyroscope of claim 1, wherein: the distributed optical fiber ring (5) comprises a plurality of sections of optical fiber ring segments (501) which are sequentially connected, and optical fiber ring merging fibers (502) are arranged between the adjacent optical fiber ring segments (501).
3. The segmented optical path reciprocal distributed high-precision fiber optic gyroscope of claim 2, wherein: the number N of the optical fiber ring segments (501) is more than or equal to 2, and the number M = N-1 of the optical fiber ring merging fibers (502).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222371015.1U CN218443920U (en) | 2022-09-07 | 2022-09-07 | Distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with reciprocal segmented optical paths |
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| CN202222371015.1U CN218443920U (en) | 2022-09-07 | 2022-09-07 | Distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with reciprocal segmented optical paths |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115585801A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-01-10 | 浙江航天润博测控技术有限公司 | Distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with reciprocal segmented optical paths and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115585801A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-01-10 | 浙江航天润博测控技术有限公司 | Distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with reciprocal segmented optical paths and method |
| CN115585801B (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2024-02-06 | 浙江航天润博测控技术有限公司 | Distributed high-precision optical fiber gyroscope with segmented optical path reciprocity and method |
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