CN104357816A - 一种铜镍导电面料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种铜镍导电面料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104357816A
CN104357816A CN201410639777.2A CN201410639777A CN104357816A CN 104357816 A CN104357816 A CN 104357816A CN 201410639777 A CN201410639777 A CN 201410639777A CN 104357816 A CN104357816 A CN 104357816A
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张瑞萍
丁志荣
徐山青
张葛成
邹亚玲
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Jiangsu Liantai Textile Co ltd
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    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/18Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种铜镍导电面料的制备方法,依次包括基布表面除油处理、基布表面粗化方法、基布表面无钯活化处理、在镍铜合金镀液中进行化学镀等步骤。本发明利用紫外辐射干态氧化代替传统的烧碱湿法粗化工艺,构筑纤维亲水化粗糙表面,有利于后续活化剂对纤维的吸附,增加金属镀层与纤维的结合力,属于干态加工,有效避免了化学品污染,减少了传统粗化的脱水和烘干两个工序。

Description

一种铜镍导电面料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种铜镍导电面料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着电信、计算机、微波炉等的迅猛发展和日益普及,环境中的电磁辐射能量密度正逐年增长。电磁环境污染已成为继大气、水质、噪音后的第四大污染,越来越引起人们的关注。化学镀金属织物是一种很好的电磁屏蔽材料,它兼有金属的导电、电磁屏蔽特性和织物
的柔软、透气特性,可广泛应用于国防、航空、航天、电子、电力、通讯和医疗等领域,是一种经济效益和社会效益俱佳的产业用纺织品。铜镍合金不仅导电性良好,而且价格较银低,铜镍合金化学镀织物既可以保证织物的导电性和电磁屏蔽性能,又可以提高织物抗氧化腐蚀的性能,延长织物的使用寿命,所以作为高频区电磁屏蔽织物镀层具有良好的前景。
目前金属导电织物的制备研究中,为了提高金属镀层与纤维之间的结合力,需要增加纤维表面的粗糙度,采用碱刻蚀和氧化剂刻蚀的方法,存在化学品污染的问题。制备中还要使用Sn2+、Pd2+等金属离子进行有钯活化、敏化,也会造成严重的环境污染,并且价格昂贵。为减少化学镀过程的活化环节中钯等贵金属的使用,国内外学者有利用硼氢化钠(NaBH4)/硼氰化钾(KBH4)的强还原性,直接用织物吸附的NaBH4/KBH4还原硫酸镍,并使还原的镍吸附在织物上,使其成为化学镀的活化催化中心,进而引发化学镀的进行,但目前改进的硼氢化钠(NaBH4)/硼氰化钾(KBH4)无钯活化,由于硼氢化钠(钾)为易爆化学品,产生过程存在安全性隐患。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种环保、安全、方便、导电性能好的铜镍导电面料的制备方法。
本发明的技术解决方案是:  
一种铜镍导电面料的制备方法,其特征是:依次包括下列步骤:
(1)基布表面除油处理
先将水浴锅的温度设定为50~70℃,按1-3g/L的浓度称取洗衣粉,溶解,放入水浴锅中,升温并维持在50~70℃,然后将涤纶织物放入,洗涤1h;再取出用自来水清洗干净,放入烘箱105℃烘干;
(2)基布表面紫外辐射粗化方法
紫外辐射粗化处理工艺:波长180-400nm, 功率1-2KW,辐射时间10s-30s,灯管与处理织物的距离30-40mm。
(3)基布表面无钯活化处理
在室温下,将布样浸入活化液中超声波处理10-20min,功率50-100W, 频率50-70kHz,温度40-50℃,脱液,透风,之后再喂入定型机,将热定型机的温度设置为190-210℃,时间设定为30-50min;
活化液处方:
Ni(Ac)2·4H2O(g):NaH2PO4·H2O(g):水(mL)=1:1:30;
(4)表面化学镀铜镍合金
将经高温活化处理过的基布,在铜镍合金镀液中进行化学镀;镀液配方:
五水合硫酸铜(CuSO4·5H2O)0.04~0.12 mol/L
六水合硫酸镍(NiSO4 · 6H2O)0.01~0.08 mol/L
次亚磷酸钠(NaH2PO2 · H2O)0.20~0.80mol/L
柠檬酸钠(C6H5NaO7 ·2H2O )0.08-0.16 mol/L
硼酸(H3BO3)0.10~0.50mol/L
聚乙二醇:80~100mg/L
麦芽糖     0.05~0.08mol/L
硫脲    0.03~0.05mmol/L
水    余量;
pH:8.0~9.0
处理时间       20~90min
反应温度控制在70~90℃。
所述面料可以用涤纶纤维、涤纶纱线、涤纶织物、涤纶非织造布替换。
所述洗衣粉为奥妙洗衣粉。
本发明利用紫外辐射干态氧化代替传统的烧碱湿法粗化工艺,构筑纤维亲水化粗糙表面,有利于后续活化剂的对纤维的吸附,增加金属镀层与纤维的结合力,属于干态加工,有效避免了化学品污染,减少了传统粗化的脱水和烘干两个工序。
本发明采用高温热分解乙酸镍对织物进行超声波活化,充分利用活化剂乙酸镍,将其转化成涤纶纤维的惰性表面的活性位点,能在后续化学镀过程中诱发镍铜离子的沉积,可有效避免Sn2+、Pd2+等金属离子活化及NaBH4/KBH4活化方法造成污染问题、成本问题以及安全性问题。
本发明采用超声活化降低了活化剂用量,缩短了活化时间,提高了质量传递系数,改善了活性组分镍层的排列,使其细化,从而提高后续镀层的沉积速率,增强镀层与基体的结合力。
本发明的高温热分解乙酸镍的活化过程可以安排在涤纶织物的常规热定型处理过程中一并进行,无需增加额外设备,热定型机作为活化机器,便于将该工艺与正常生产相衔接。
本发明生产得到的产品效果:
1、表面电阻(ASTM F390,≤Ω/sq):≤0.015Ω/sq。
2、屏蔽效能(ASTM-D4935-99):10MHz-20GHz,88dB以上;
3、金属层结合力测试(AATCC-TM8-2001):四级~五级; 
4、铜镍涤纶织物具有均匀、光亮的镀层, 有较好的柔性。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
具体实施方式
一种铜镍导电涤纶织物的制备方法,依次包括下列步骤:
(1)基布表面除油处理
先将水浴锅的温度设定为50~70℃(例50℃、60℃、70℃),按1-3g/L(例1 g/L、2 g/L、3 g/L)的浓度称取奥妙洗衣粉,溶解,放入水浴锅中,升温并维持在50~70℃(例50℃、60℃、70℃),然后将涤纶织物放入,洗涤1h;再取出用自来水清洗干净,放入烘箱105℃烘干;
(2)基布表面紫外辐射粗化方法
紫外辐射粗化处理工艺:波长180-400nm(例180 nm、300 nm、400 nm), 功率1-2KW,辐射时间10s-30s,灯管与处理织物的距离30-40mm(例30mm、35mm、40mm)。
(3)基布表面无钯活化处理
在室温下,将布样浸入活化液中超声波处理10-20min(例10 min、15 min、20 min),功率50-100W, 频率50-70kHz,温度40-50℃,脱液,透风,之后再喂入定型机,将热定型机的温度设置为190-210℃,时间设定为30-50min(例30 min、40min、50 min);
活化液处方:
Ni(Ac)2·4H2O(g):NaH2PO4·H2O(g):水(mL)=1:1:30;
(4)表面化学镀铜镍合金镀液的组成及工艺条件
将经高温活化处理过的基布,在铜镍合金镀液中进行化学镀;镀液配方:
五水合硫酸铜(CuSO4·5H2O)0.04~0.12 mol/L
六水合硫酸镍(NiSO4 · 6H2O)0.01~0.08 mol/L
次亚磷酸钠(NaH2PO2 · H2O)0.20~0.80mol/L
柠檬酸钠(C6H5NaO7 ·2H2O )0.08-0.16 mol/L
硼酸(H3BO3)0.10~0.50mol/L
聚乙二醇:80~100mg/L
麦芽糖     0.05~0.08mol/L
硫脲    0.03~0.05mmol/L
水    余量;
pH:8.0~9.0
处理时间       20~90min
反应温度控制在70~90℃;
所述面料可以用涤纶纤维、涤纶纱线、涤纶织物、涤纶非织造布替换。

Claims (3)

1.一种铜镍导电涤纶织物的制备方法,其特征是:依次包括下列步骤:
(1)基布表面除油处理
先将水浴锅的温度设定为50-70℃,按1-3g/L的浓度称取洗衣粉,溶解,放入水浴锅中,升温并维持在50-70℃,然后将涤纶织物放入,洗涤1h;再取出用自来水清洗干净,放入烘箱105℃烘干;
(2)基布表面紫外辐射粗化方法
紫外辐射粗化处理工艺:波长180-400nm, 功率1-2KW,辐射时间10s-30s,灯管与处理织物的距离30-40mm;
(3)基布表面无钯活化处理
在室温下,将布样浸入活化液中超声波处理10-20min,功率50-100W, 频率50-70kHz,温度40-50℃,脱液,透风,之后再喂入定型机,将定型机的温度设置为190-210℃,时间设定为30-50min;
活化液处方:
Ni(Ac)2·4H2O(g):NaH2PO4·H2O(g):水(mL) = 1:1:30;
(4)表面化学镀铜镍合金
将经高温活化处理过的基布,在铜镍合金镀液中进行化学镀;镀液配方:
五水合硫酸铜(CuSO4·5H2O)0.04~0.12 mol/L
六水合硫酸镍(NiSO4 · 6H2O)0.01~0.08 mol/L
次亚磷酸钠(NaH2PO2 · H2O)0.20~0.80mol/L
柠檬酸钠(C6H5NaO7 ·2H2O )0.08-0.16 mol/L
硼酸(H3BO3)0.10~0.50mol/L
聚乙二醇:80~100mg/L
麦芽糖    0.05~0.08mol/L
硫脲    0.03~0.05mmol/L
水    余量;
pH:8.0~9.0
处理时间     20~90min
反应温度控制在70~90℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铜镍导电面料的制备方法,其特征是:所述面料可以用涤纶纤维、涤纶纱线、涤纶织物、涤纶非织造布替换。
3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的铜镍导电面料的制备方法,其特征是:所述洗衣粉为奥妙洗衣粉。
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CN109295442A (zh) * 2018-10-15 2019-02-01 河北工业大学 胶体铜活化碳纤维并一步制备化学镀铜-镍双金属层的方法
CN109367164A (zh) * 2018-09-25 2019-02-22 东莞绿邦智能科技有限公司 一种抗辐射窗帘布
CN110424034A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2019-11-08 昆明理工大学 一种不规则陶瓷颗粒表面金属化方法
CN110885575A (zh) * 2019-12-23 2020-03-17 安徽国电能源设备工程有限公司 一种电热锅炉用隔热耐温涂料的加工工艺
CN111168082A (zh) * 2020-01-20 2020-05-19 中车工业研究院有限公司 一种导电面料
CN111621977A (zh) * 2020-06-24 2020-09-04 江南大学 一种无钯活化镀镍导电棉织物及其制备方法
CN116556051A (zh) * 2023-05-19 2023-08-08 珠海厚洺服饰有限公司 一种抗氧化银纤维面料

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