CN104350296A - 滑动轴承 - Google Patents

滑动轴承 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104350296A
CN104350296A CN201280073603.3A CN201280073603A CN104350296A CN 104350296 A CN104350296 A CN 104350296A CN 201280073603 A CN201280073603 A CN 201280073603A CN 104350296 A CN104350296 A CN 104350296A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
thickness
sliding bearing
sliding
bearing
coating
Prior art date
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Pending
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CN201280073603.3A
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English (en)
Inventor
斯蒂芬·里特曼
史蒂文·多伊尔
马特乌什·迈克尔斯基
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Federal Mogul Wiesbaden GmbH
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Federal Mogul Wiesbaden GmbH
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Application filed by Federal Mogul Wiesbaden GmbH filed Critical Federal Mogul Wiesbaden GmbH
Publication of CN104350296A publication Critical patent/CN104350296A/zh
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/203—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining
    • F16C33/206—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining with three layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C23/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for aligning or positioning
    • F16C23/02—Sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C23/04—Sliding-contact bearings self-adjusting
    • F16C23/041—Sliding-contact bearings self-adjusting with edge relief
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/203—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/60—Thickness, e.g. thickness of coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C9/00—Bearings for crankshafts or connecting-rods; Attachment of connecting-rods
    • F16C9/02—Crankshaft bearings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction 

Abstract

一种滑动轴承，其具有在其圆周上大体均匀的层结构，并包含基座(10)、边缘区域(16)的厚度相对于在边缘区域(16)之间的中间区域的厚度减小的无铅滑动层(12)，以及边缘区域(16)的厚度相对于中间区域的厚度增加的聚合物涂层(14)，由此，在所示的轴向截面中，涂层(14)的表面为大体平坦的。

Description

滑动轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及一种滑动轴承。
背景技术
滑动轴承应用于许多技术领域，且经常承受较大的荷载。例如，它可用作支撑发动机的机轴的轴承，所述发动机的机轴有可能被加载到会使机轴变形的程度。这会导致位于轴承和轴之间的油膜的尤其是朝着轴承的(轴向)边缘的损坏。这会导致过度的磨损和咬粘。更甚地是发生疲劳损坏。
WO 2009/059344 A2涉及一种沿着其周向具有不同滑动层的轴承。
DE 37 19 789 A1描述了一种滑动轴承，所述滑动轴承具有承载层、包含铅的中间层和也包含铅的滑动层。硬的支撑层可位于滑动层之下。
发明内容
本发明的优先目标是提供具有提高的磨损特性的滑动轴承。
本目标通过在权利要求1中所描述的滑动轴承来实现。
因此，在此描述的滑动轴承具有在其周向上大体均匀的层结构，下文将详细描述。也就是说，根据本发明的轴承不需要任何沿着周向在一些部分出现而在其它部分不出现的局部层。更确切地说，沿着周向上任何地方截取轴向截面，也就是包含滑动轴承的轴线的截面，都能观察到大致相同的层结构。由于此处所描述的滑动轴承典型地具有两个半部，即两个半圆柱，在这种情况中，在周向上的180度的范围内可以观察到一个这样的半部的大致相同的层结构。
新颖的滑动轴承的层结构包括优选地由钢制成的基座，位于所述基座上的无铅滑动层和位于所述滑动层顶部的聚合物涂层，其为最外面的层，并适应于与待支撑的轴接触，优选地两者之间具有油膜。在轴向截面中观测，滑动层在边缘区域中的厚度相对于在位于边缘区域之间的中间区域中的厚度有所减小。换句话说，滑动层的形状能称为凸面，其具有优选为平坦的中间区域和凸出式弯曲的边缘区域。甚至在所支撑的轴变形时，端部区域中的减小的厚度可阻止磨损和边缘咬粘。
在新颖的滑动轴承中，聚合物涂层在边缘区域中相对于中间区域的厚度更厚，因此在轴向截面中观测，涂层的表面在轴向上是大体平坦的。然而，聚合物涂层的厚度在中间区域中也可以在5μm至11μm的范围中变化。换句话说，在边缘区域中，聚合物涂层的增加的厚度补偿了滑动层的减小的厚度。由此，在边缘区域中，创建了涂层材料的一种储备，这对于在轴承和轴彼此调整的阶段中的初始磨损而言是特别有用的。这有利地提高了对边缘咬粘的抵抗力，并导致提高了轴(例如机轴)相对于轴承的校准。
需要注意的是，无铅滑动层也可用不同于聚合物的材料来涂覆，具有如上所述的厚度的聚合物涂层也可设置在包含铅的滑动层上，并且前述特征组合也认为是本申请的主题。例如，涂层也可是PVD层、镀锌层或类似的层。
在从属权利要求中，描述了新颖的滑动轴承的优选实施例。
为了提供更优的承载能力，在轴向截面中观测，滑动层在中间区域中是大体平坦的。
对于边缘区域的尺寸而言，第一组实验已经显示了，具有3mm至4mm宽度的各边缘区域(即滑动层的厚度减小的区域)导致了滑动轴承的有益性能。
对于优选的凸面(即端部区域中滑动层的厚度的减小)而言，已证明厚度减小大约3μm至6μm是有效的。
附图说明
下面将结合附图中所示的优选实施例来进一步解释本发明，在图中显示了新颖的滑动轴承的轴向截面。
具体实施方式
如图所示，新颖的滑动轴承具有三个层，也就是，典型地由钢制成的基座10、适当的无铅合金的滑动层12和涂层14。在附图的定向中，待支撑的轴(未示出)的轴向(未示出)定向为左右方向。进一步地，涂层14适应于通过两者间的油膜与被支撑的轴接触。
如图所示，滑动层12在中间区域中为大致平坦的，中间区域构成轴承总宽度的大约60％。滑动层12的厚度在边缘区域16处减小。各边缘区域16具有大约3mm至4mm的宽度A，滑动层的厚度在这些边缘区域16中减小大约3μm至6μm的量B。如图所示，在附图的轴向截面中观测，滑动层形成为在边缘区域16中凸出式弯曲，且其总体上可描述为凸面。
如在轴向截面中所示，为了“补偿”在边缘区域16处减小的滑动层12的厚度，涂层14的厚度在这些区域中增加以提供这样的涂层，所述涂层的表面在包括边缘区域16的整个轴承宽度上为大体平坦的。

Claims (4)

1.一种滑动轴承，所述滑动轴承具有在其周向上大体均匀的层结构，其包括基座(10)、在边缘区域(16)中的厚度相对于位于所述边缘区域(16)之间的中间区域有所减小的无铅滑动层(12)，以及在所述边缘区域(16)中的厚度相对于所述中间区域更厚的聚合物涂层(14)，使得在轴向截面中观测，所述涂层(14)的表面为大体平坦的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滑动轴承，其特征在于，在轴向截面中观测，所述中间区域为大体平坦的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承，其特征在于，各所述边缘区域(16)具有大约3mm至4mm的宽度。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的滑动轴承，其特征在于，所述滑动层(12)的厚度在边缘区域(16)中减小大约3μm至6μm。
CN201280073603.3A 2012-05-31 2012-05-31 滑动轴承 Pending CN104350296A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2012/060250 WO2013178266A1 (en) 2012-05-31 2012-05-31 Slide bearing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN104350296A true CN104350296A (zh) 2015-02-11

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ID=46262092

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US (1) US9279454B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2855953B2 (zh)
JP (1) JP6170550B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101889591B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN104350296A (zh)
BR (1) BR112014029164A2 (zh)
IN (1) IN2014KN02297A (zh)
WO (1) WO2013178266A1 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3276191B1 (en) 2016-07-28 2020-11-11 GE Renewable Technologies Hydrodynamic bearing pad construction
KR101951204B1 (ko) 2017-03-15 2019-02-25 주식회사 하스 모바일폰용 엘이디 조명장치
EP3701159B1 (en) 2017-12-01 2023-11-29 GE Renewable Technologies Bearing pad for a hydro-generating unit and hydro-generating unit with such a bearing pad

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Publication number Publication date
US9279454B2 (en) 2016-03-08
EP2855953B1 (en) 2016-10-12
JP2015518123A (ja) 2015-06-25
US20150226261A1 (en) 2015-08-13
IN2014KN02297A (zh) 2015-05-01
BR112014029164A2 (pt) 2017-06-27
EP2855953A1 (en) 2015-04-08
EP2855953B2 (en) 2019-10-09
KR20150017750A (ko) 2015-02-17
JP6170550B2 (ja) 2017-08-02
WO2013178266A1 (en) 2013-12-05
KR101889591B1 (ko) 2018-08-17

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Application publication date: 20150211