CN104328799A - Accurate positioning method for steel pipe column in cover and cut top-down subway station - Google Patents
Accurate positioning method for steel pipe column in cover and cut top-down subway station Download PDFInfo
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- CN104328799A CN104328799A CN201410648052.XA CN201410648052A CN104328799A CN 104328799 A CN104328799 A CN 104328799A CN 201410648052 A CN201410648052 A CN 201410648052A CN 104328799 A CN104328799 A CN 104328799A
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- steel pipe
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
Abstract
The invention relates to an accurate positioning method for a steel pipe column in a cover and cut top-down subway station. The accurate positioning method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) performing pile foundation construction positioning measurement on the steel pipe column; (2) performing calibration and measurement on the verticality of a drill stem of a drill rig; (3) installing a steel pipe column positioner and performing the positioning measurement by the steel pipe column positioner; (4) installing and positioning the steel pipe column. According to the method, by uniting a non-prism electronic total station with the advanced measurement technique and a high-precision laser plummet, through measurement error propagation and analysis, and by adopting the technical measures, such as the normalization method, the problems of construction positioning on the steel pipe column, verticality calibration and measurement and the like can be reliably solved; the required measurement instrument can be utilized circularly for a long time; the power consumption is extremely low, and no garbage is generated in a working site; the accurate positioning method has the characteristics of being economic, environmentally friendly and energy-saving, and has good social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building structure construction field, be specifically related to the positioning construction method of subway station steel pipe column.
Background technology
Steel pipe column, with the performance of its excellence, is widely used in the subway station engineering of digging method construction.Steel pipe column construction location is as one of heavy difficult point in sheltered reverse excavation station construction, and its working face is narrow, and environment is poor, and positioning accuracy request is high.The location of steel pipe column, end opening adopts locator to locate usually, localization method suitable for reading mainly contains: (1) flower basket bolt is located, the interim hook of welding on the steel bushing of steel pipe column top and corresponding absolute altitude, be connected suitable for reading for steel pipe column with steel bushing with 3 ~ 4 turnbuckles, located by adjustment flower basket bolt length.(2) shaped steel well cabinet frame is fixed, and shaped steel welds micro actuator adjustment location.(3) between and dado structure suitable for reading at steel pipe column, 4 little jack are installed, by jack, adjustment steel pipe column center suitable for reading.(4) adopt the leading screw symmetry location after four improvement, leading screw band card one end is supported on the flange of steel pipe column top, and band holder one end is supported on dado structure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: realize the high-precision setting-out requirement of locator, guarantee the accurately in place of steel pipe column elevation.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is to provide a kind of sheltered reverse excavation subway station steel pipe column accurate positioning method, comprise the following steps: (1), steel pipe column pile foundation location survey, (2), rig squareness measurement, (3), the location survey of steel pipe column locator, (4) erection of steel pipe column location, wherein (3) step specifically comprises: locator elevation location, locator plane positioning; (4) step specifically comprises: steel pipe column is vertically located, steel pipe column elevation is checked.
Concrete steps are:
(1), steel pipe column pile foundation location survey
Absolute altitude at the bottom of the design plane coordinate at the steel pipe column pile foundation center calculated with drawing and stake, the on-the-spot plan-position adopting total powerstation-pole coordinates lofting mode to release central pile center, and involve 2 orthogonal lead-in wires by pile center's point, carry out and draw stake, so that often check a heart position in piling construction process;
(2), rig squareness measurement
O place erection total powerstation at an arbitrary position, until drilling rod unsettled static after, total powerstation is under non-prism NP pattern, measure the horizontal range D of instrument to drilling rod center, then bottom surveying record drilling rod and the horizontal direction value of top ad-hoc location and zenith distance, thus calculate the projected length of drilling rod at level and vertical direction, and according to the verticality design formulas of the rig derived
, calculate rig verticality, if verticality is partially within the scope of permissible value, then piling of can constructing;
(3), the location survey of steel pipe column locator
The while that what steel pipe column adopted being upper and lower two ends, positioning mode is fixed, and pipe column lower end location depends on autonavigator, flower basket bolt fine setting location, upper end;
(3.1) locator elevation location
The elevation location of locator adopts and hangs steel ruler laying off, and on the ground, invar tape is just being hung on the position near steel pile casting wall, and level gauge is erected at bench mark A and steel pile casting relative intermediate position, to reduce i angle error.Backsight reads the reading a of levelling rod, and forward sight reads the ground reading R of steel ruler
on, consider the factors such as the long correction of the chi of steel ruler and temperature correction, the following formula A of design formulas:
(formula A)
After hanging up properly steel ruler at every turn, set up No. 2 level gauges respectively, read on a and R, under calculating R, if the difference under the R calculated for twice is within ± 2mm, then average, then under steel ruler reading R, mark a horizon by the survey work of down-hole with spirit level on steel pile casting inwall, we are according to actual conditions here, steel ruler is hung up properly respectively corresponding 4 of steel pile casting tube wall cross axis direction, steel pile casting inwall does horizontal lines mark, mutually to check, controls locator installed height mark;
(3.2) locator plane positioning
Locator plane positioning adopts the downward cultellation method of laser, and concrete cultellation process is as follows:
1) steel plate working platform is placed on steel pile casting place suitable for reading, adopts total powerstation method of polar coordinates, by the setting-out of the planar central of locator point within the scope of the batten on steel plate working platform, and carry out mark;
2) with gauge point on batten for alignment, steel plate working platform sets up wooden tripod and prism, and then adopt naturalization laying off, accurate setting-out goes out a design coordinate of heart point P;
3) prism is removed from pedestal, then laser plummet is placed on pedestal, batten on steel plate working platform is removed, central point is just thrown in down-hole by the cultellation reserved opening on steel plate by laser plummet, for avoiding plumb aligner cultellation visor not vertical error, three directions are changed during each cultellation, if when point position all falls within same point, be namely a heart, otherwise three direction point A, B, C can be produced and form a triangle, now, getting leg-of-mutton circumscribed circle centre point O, is namely a heart, finally, be welded and fixed locator, concreting;
(4) erection of steel pipe column location
After device concrete to be positioned reaches design strength, carry out the lifting of steel pipe column, bottom steel pipe column, directly embed locator, or bottom it, be welded with spacer ferrule embedding locator, its pipe end is firmly seated on locator cross location-plate, by the bottom of absolute altitude measuring column with the degree of agreement of locator;
(4.1) steel pipe column is vertically located
Locate owing to adopting locator bottom steel pipe column, top adopts flower basket bolt fine setting, for ensureing the verticality of steel pipe column, only need adopt method shown in (1) step, field lofting goes out steel pipe column center point, and sets up laser plummet on the point of center, open laser target to, make steel pipe column upper and lower center point in same laser beam by adjustment flower basket bolt, then determine steel pipe column and vertically locate errorless;
(4.2) steel pipe column elevation is checked
Adopt the top mark hanging steel ruler method measurement steel pipe column high, compare with design load, check the degree of agreement with locator at the bottom of post;
During measurement, level gauge is erected at bench mark A and steel pile casting relative intermediate position, and to reduce i angle error, the reading a of backsight levelling rod and the upper chi reading R of invar tape measured by level gauge
on, then read the lower chi reading R corresponding with steel pipe column top planes align place
under.If consider the factors such as the long correction of the chi of steel ruler and temperature correction, steel pipe column top absolute altitude design formulas is as follows:
(formula B)
Its construction way is: by total station survey, the drilling rod verticality correcting rig, guarantee the construction quality in pile hole construction pile hole; Utilize elevation survey method, ground elevation is delivered to down-hole, control the design height of locator bottom steel pipe column; Then with total powerstation and laser plummet associating setting-out cultellation location, orient the planar central point of locator in down-hole, concreting fixed locator, reach after design strength until concrete, hang steel pipe column, again go out steel pipe column top planes central point with total powerstation and laser plummet associating setting-out cultellation, two fixing with gaily decorated basket spiral shell, build rim of a cup concrete and steel pipe column inner concrete successively, complete the construction at steel pipe column position.
This method adopts the non-prism electronic total station associating high-precision laser plumb aligner of measuring technique advanced person, analyzed by measure error transmission, and take the technical measures such as normalization method, solve the problems such as steel pipe column construction location and perpendicularity correction locating tab assembly reliably, and in metro station steel pipe column work progress, obtain successful Application, for similar engineering provides referential engineering survey experience.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is central pile centralized positioning schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is locator schematic side view;
Fig. 3 is locator schematic top plan view;
Fig. 4 is that locator elevation location hangs steel ruler laying off schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is locator plane positioning working platform schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the accurate setting-out schematic diagram of normalization method;
Fig. 7 is total powerstation lofting positioner central point schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is flower basket bolt location, steel pipe column upper end schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is laser plumbing method setting-out steel pipe column top central point schematic diagram;
Figure 10 measures steel pipe column top absolute altitude schematic diagram for hanging steel ruler method.
In figure: 1, the stake heart; 2, position line; 3, stake position; 4, timber; 5, diameter 700 steel pipe column; 6, steel pipe column suspension column ring flat-plate; 7, cross steel plate dowel; 8, adjustable junction steel plate; 9, pre-buried installation foot; 10, steel sleeve; 11, drilled pile sideline; 12, reinforced frame; 13, original state soil layer; 14, invar tape; 15, flower basket bolt; 16, locator; 17, concrete; 18, level gauge; 19, levelling rod; 20, plate platform; 21, cultellation reserved opening; 22, steel nail; 23, batten; 24, checkpoint C; 25, frame website B; 26, backsight point A; 27, stake position center point P is designed; 28, setting-out stake position center point P '; 29, laser plummet device; 30, prism; 31, steel pile casting place suitable for reading; 32, total powerstation; 33, control point; 34, plumb bob; 35, locator anchor rib.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with concrete case study on implementation, the present invention is described as follows: as a kind of sheltered reverse excavation subway station steel pipe column accurate positioning method of one embodiment of the present of invention, comprise the following steps: (1), steel pipe column pile foundation location survey, (2), rig squareness measurement, (3), the installation of steel pipe column locator and location survey, (4) erection of steel pipe column location, wherein (3) step specifically comprises: locator elevation location, locator plane positioning; (4) step specifically comprises: steel pipe column is vertically located, steel pipe column elevation is checked.Concrete steps are: 1, steel pipe column pile foundation location survey
Absolute altitude at the bottom of the design plane coordinate at the steel pipe column pile foundation center calculated with drawing and stake, the on-the-spot plan-position adopting total powerstation-pole coordinates lofting mode to release central pile center, and involve 2 orthogonal lead-in wires by pile center's point, carry out and draw stake, so that often check a heart position in piling construction process.
2, rig squareness measurement
O place erection total powerstation at an arbitrary position, until drilling rod unsettled static after, total powerstation is under non-prism NP pattern, measure the horizontal range D of instrument to drilling rod center, then bottom surveying record drilling rod and the horizontal direction value of top ad-hoc location and zenith distance, thus calculate the projected length of drilling rod at level and vertical direction, and according to the verticality design formulas of the rig derived
, calculate rig verticality, if verticality is partially within the scope of permissible value, then piling of can constructing.
3, the location survey of steel pipe column locator
The while that what the middle standing pillar (steel pipe column) as one of station agent structure adopted being upper and lower two ends, positioning mode is fixed.Pipe column lower end location depends on autonavigator, flower basket bolt fine setting location, upper end.
3.1 locator elevation location
The elevation location of locator adopts and hangs steel ruler laying off, and the instrument mainly used has: the plumb bob, spirit level, marking pen etc. of optical level, levelling rod 1 handle, wooden tripod, 50m invar tape (assay approval), 5kg.Data encasement: the elevation HA of on-the-spot level control point A, the design altitude HB in the locator level board face of certain steel pipe column.
As shown in Figure 4: on the ground, invar tape is just being hung on the position near steel pile casting wall, and level gauge is erected at bench mark A and steel pile casting relative intermediate position, to reduce i angle error.Backsight reads the reading a of levelling rod, and forward sight reads the ground reading R of steel ruler
on.Consider the factors such as the long correction of the chi of steel ruler and temperature correction, design formulas is as follows:
(formula 1)
After hanging up properly steel ruler, set up No. 2 level gauges respectively at every turn, read a and R
on, calculate R
underif, the R calculated for twice
underdifference within ± 2mm, then average, then by the survey work of down-hole at steel ruler reading R
underplace's spirit level marks a horizon on steel pile casting inwall.Here we are according to actual conditions, hang up properly steel ruler respectively, do horizontal lines mark according to above-mentioned way at steel pile casting inwall corresponding 4 of steel pile casting tube wall cross axis direction, mutually to check, control locator installed height mark.
3.2 locator plane positioning
Locator plane positioning adopts the downward cultellation method of laser, and the instrument mainly used has: total powerstation, 3, wooden tripod, and 2 groups, prism, prism centering rod 1 overlaps, laser plummet.
Locator cultellation process is as follows:
1) steel plate working platform is placed on steel pile casting place suitable for reading (as shown in Figure 5), steel plate working platform is wanted steadily, and when people walks about above, steel plate working platform can not vibrate.Adopt total powerstation method of polar coordinates, by the setting-out of the planar central of locator point within the scope of the batten on steel plate working platform, and carry out mark.
2) with gauge point on batten for alignment, steel plate working platform sets up wooden tripod and prism, then adopt naturalization laying off (as shown in Figure 6), accurate setting-out goes out a design coordinate of heart point P.
3) prism is removed from pedestal, note in this process keeping off dynamic foot rest, then laser plummet is placed on pedestal, the batten on steel plate working platform is removed, central point is just thrown in down-hole by the cultellation reserved opening on steel plate by laser plummet.For avoiding plumb aligner cultellation visor not vertical error, during each cultellation, change three directions, if when point position all falls within same point, be namely a heart.Otherwise can produce three direction point A, B, C and form a triangle, now, getting leg-of-mutton circumscribed circle centre point O, is namely a heart.Finally, be welded and fixed locator, concreting.
4 erection of steel pipe column location
After device concrete to be positioned reaches design strength, carry out the lifting of steel pipe column.Directly can embed locator bottom steel pipe column, steel pipe column can be welded with spacer ferrule and embed locator bottom it, and its pipe end is firmly located on locator cross location-plate, by the bottom of absolute altitude measuring column with the degree of agreement of locator.
4.1 steel pipe columns are vertically located
Locate owing to adopting locator bottom steel pipe column, top adopts flower basket bolt fine setting, for ensureing the verticality of steel pipe column, only need adopt method shown in (1) step, field lofting goes out steel pipe column center point, and sets up laser plummet on the point of center, open laser target to, make steel pipe column upper and lower center point in same laser beam by adjustment flower basket bolt, then determine steel pipe column and vertically locate errorless.
4.2 steel pipe column elevations are checked
Adopt the top mark hanging steel ruler method measurement steel pipe column high, compare with design load, check the degree of agreement with locator at the bottom of post.
During measurement, level gauge is erected at bench mark A and steel pile casting relative intermediate position, to reduce i angle error.The reading a of backsight levelling rod and the upper chi reading R of invar tape measured by level gauge
on, then read the lower chi reading R corresponding with steel pipe column top planes align place
under.If consider the factors such as the long correction of the chi of steel ruler and temperature correction, steel pipe column top absolute altitude design formulas is as follows:
(formula 2)
Its construction way is: by total station survey, the drilling rod verticality correcting rig, guarantee the construction quality in pile hole construction pile hole; Utilize elevation survey method, ground elevation is delivered to down-hole, control the design height of locator bottom steel pipe column; Then with total powerstation and laser plummet associating setting-out cultellation location, orient the planar central point of locator in down-hole, concreting fixed locator, reach after design strength until concrete, hang steel pipe column, again go out steel pipe column top planes central point with total powerstation and laser plummet associating setting-out cultellation, fix with flower basket bolt, build rim of a cup concrete and steel pipe column inner concrete successively, complete the construction at steel pipe column position.
Above-described embodiment is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection domain that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (2)
1. a sheltered reverse excavation subway station steel pipe column accurate positioning method, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: (1), steel pipe column pile foundation construction location survey, (2), borer drill rod verticality checking measurements, (3), steel pipe column locator location survey, (4) erection of steel pipe column location, wherein (3) step steel pipe column locator location survey specifically comprises: locator elevation location, locator plane positioning; (4) step specifically comprises: steel pipe column is vertically located, steel pipe column elevation is checked.
2. a kind of sheltered reverse excavation subway station according to claim 1 steel pipe column accurate positioning method, is characterized in that: concrete steps are:
(1), steel pipe column pile foundation construction location survey;
Absolute altitude at the bottom of the design plane coordinate at the steel pipe column pile foundation center calculated with drawing and stake, the on-the-spot plan-position adopting total powerstation-Apparatus in polar coordinates lofting mode measuring central pile stake heart, and involve 2 orthogonal lead-in wires by pile center's point, carry out and draw stake, so that often check a heart position in piling construction process;
(2), borer drill rod verticality checking measurements;
O place erection total powerstation at an arbitrary position, until drilling rod unsettled static after, total powerstation is under non-prism NP pattern, measure the horizontal range D of instrument to drilling rod center, then bottom surveying record drilling rod and the horizontal direction value of top ad-hoc location and zenith distance, thus calculate the projected length of drilling rod at level and vertical direction, and according to the verticality design formulas of the drilling rod derived
, calculate drilling rod verticality, if verticality is partially within the scope of permissible value, then piling of can constructing;
(3), the location survey of steel pipe column locator;
What steel pipe column adopted is positioning mode location, upper and lower two ends, first pipe column lower end location, location, rear upper end, and pipe column lower end location depends on autonavigator, flower basket bolt fine setting location, upper end;
(3.1) locator elevation location;
The elevation location of locator adopts and hangs steel ruler laying off, and on the ground, invar tape is just being hung on the position near steel pile casting wall, level gauge is erected at bench mark A and steel pile casting relative intermediate position, to reduce i angle error, backsight reads the reading a of levelling rod, and forward sight reads the ground reading R of steel ruler
on, consider the factors such as the long correction of the chi of steel ruler and temperature correction, the following formula A of design formulas;
(formula A)
After hanging up properly steel ruler, set up No. 2 level gauges respectively at every turn, read a and R
on, calculate R
underif, the R calculated for twice
underdifference within ± 2mm, then average, then by the survey work of down-hole at steel ruler reading R
underplace's spirit level marks a horizon on steel pile casting inwall, here we are according to actual conditions, and hang up properly steel ruler respectively corresponding 4 of steel pile casting tube wall cross axis direction, steel pile casting inwall does horizontal lines mark, mutually to check, control locator installed height mark;
(3.2) locator plane positioning;
Locator plane positioning adopts the downward cultellation method of laser, and concrete cultellation process is as follows;
1) steel plate working platform is placed on steel pile casting place suitable for reading, adopts total powerstation method of polar coordinates, by the setting-out of the planar central of locator point within the scope of the batten on steel plate working platform, and carry out mark;
2) with gauge point on batten for alignment, steel plate working platform sets up wooden tripod and prism, and then adopt naturalization laying off, accurate setting-out goes out a design coordinate of heart point P;
3) prism is removed from pedestal, then laser plummet is placed on pedestal, batten on steel plate working platform is removed, central point is just thrown in down-hole by the cultellation reserved opening on steel plate by laser plummet, for avoiding plumb aligner cultellation visor not vertical error, three directions are changed during each cultellation, if when point position all falls within same point, be namely a heart, otherwise three direction point A, B, C can be produced and form a triangle, now, getting leg-of-mutton circumscribed circle centre point O, is namely a heart, finally, be welded and fixed locator, concreting;
(4) erection of steel pipe column location;
After device concrete to be positioned reaches design strength, carry out the lifting of steel pipe column, bottom steel pipe column, directly embed locator, or bottom it, be welded with spacer ferrule embedding locator, its pipe end is firmly seated on locator cross location-plate, by the bottom of absolute altitude measuring column with the degree of agreement of locator;
(4.1) steel pipe column is vertically located;
Locate owing to adopting locator bottom steel pipe column, top adopts flower basket bolt fine setting, for ensureing the verticality of steel pipe column, only need adopt method shown in (1) step, field lofting goes out steel pipe column center point, and sets up laser plummet on the point of center, open laser target to, make steel pipe column upper and lower center point in same laser beam by adjustment flower basket bolt, then determine steel pipe column and vertically locate errorless;
(4.2) steel pipe column elevation is checked;
Adopt the top mark hanging steel ruler method measurement steel pipe column high, compare with design load, check the degree of agreement with locator at the bottom of post;
During measurement, level gauge is erected at bench mark A and steel pile casting relative intermediate position, and to reduce i angle error, the reading a of backsight levelling rod and the upper chi reading R of invar tape measured by level gauge
on, then read the lower chi reading R corresponding with steel pipe column top planes align place
underif consider the factors such as the long correction of the chi of steel ruler and temperature correction, steel pipe column top absolute altitude design formulas is as follows:
(formula B)
Its construction way is: by total station survey, the drilling rod verticality correcting rig, guarantee the construction quality in pile hole construction pile hole; Utilize elevation survey method, ground elevation is delivered to down-hole, control the design height of locator bottom steel pipe column; Then with total powerstation and laser plummet associating setting-out cultellation location, orient the planar central point of locator in down-hole, concreting fixed locator, reach after design strength until concrete, hang steel pipe column, again go out steel pipe column top planes central point with total powerstation and laser plummet associating setting-out cultellation, fix with flower basket bolt, build rim of a cup concrete and steel pipe column inner concrete successively, complete the construction at steel pipe column position.
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