CN104310930B - A kind of production technology of unburned architectural pottery - Google Patents
A kind of production technology of unburned architectural pottery Download PDFInfo
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- CN104310930B CN104310930B CN201410506156.7A CN201410506156A CN104310930B CN 104310930 B CN104310930 B CN 104310930B CN 201410506156 A CN201410506156 A CN 201410506156A CN 104310930 B CN104310930 B CN 104310930B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the production technology of a kind of unburned architectural pottery, its step is as follows: (1) drying and dehydrating: Gypsum Fibrosum drying and dehydrating is obtained semi-hydrated gypsum；(2) compressing: semi-hydrated gypsum to be mixed with water 100:6～25 in mass ratio, and quickly stirs, be subsequently compressed into type, obtain greenwave；(3) soaked aquation: gained greenwave is overlapping, uses cotton to separate, and puts in aquation groove, then be placed under press by the greenwave folded together with aquation groove, apply pressure by press between greenwave；Keep pressure constant, in aquation groove, pass into water, greenwave is soaked 1～3 hour；(4) natural drying.The present invention is with Gypsum Fibrosum for the unburned architectural pottery of raw material production, and production cost is low, technique is simple, it is not necessary to high temperature burns till, and has preferably energy-conservation a, emission reduction effect, and prepared unburned architectural pottery is functional.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building material technical field, be specifically related to the production technology of a kind of unburned architectural pottery.
Background technology
Architectural pottery is a kind of building and ornament materials, is usually used in the decoration use on metope, ground.The raw materials for production of routine building pottery are mainly made up of clay, quartz, Anhydrite etc..The step such as its production stage generally comprises dispensing, wet ball grinding, 400～600 DEG C of spray drying granulations, compressing, 1100～1250 DEG C of high temperature burns till.Wherein burn till workshop section at spray drying granulation and high temperature to need to consume substantial amounts of heat, give off the tail gas after fuel combustion simultaneously, there is energy consumption height, pollute the problem such as heavily.
Obviously, if spray drying and high temperature need not burn till and just can produce ceramic product, it is possible to reach well energy-conservation, emission reduction effect.Here it is the concept of baking-free ceramic and meaning.Existing baking-free ceramic production technology mainly has two classes: (1) inorganic gel agent class.Use cement as Binder Materials, by other aggregates or gather materials and condense in together, form compact texture body, such as Chinese patent Authorization Notice No. CN100463874C；Also there is use phosphate as gellant, such as paper " development of baking-free type phosphate ceramics brick (" Foshan Ceramic " 2013 the 10th phase 13～14 pages) "；(2) organic gelling agent class.Use organic gelling agent such as resin, urine aldehyde etc. as Binder Materials, such as Chinese patent Authorization Notice No. CN1078332C, Chinese patent application publication No. CN1425631.
The problem that existing baking-free ceramic technology is primarily present has: (1) although in baking-free ceramic production process no longer exhaust emission tail gas and lot of energy, but there is high energy consumption, heavily contaminated problem in the production of gellant itself, production such as cement, therefore count from upstream raw material, energy-saving and emission-reduction be there is no practical significance by prior art；(2) owing to the price of cement, organic gelling agent is high, and volume is bigger, therefore cost of material is significantly high, thus causing that the production cost of baking-free ceramic is higher, and architectural pottery usually requires that production cost is low, cheap, therefore existing baking-free ceramic technology cannot be used for the production of civil buildings pottery on a large scale.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is for above shortcomings in existing building ceramic firing technology, there is provided a kind of adopt Gypsum Fibrosum be raw material, need not the production technology of unburned architectural pottery burnt till of high temperature, have that cost is low, technique is simple, energy consumption is low, pollute the technical advantages such as light.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Thering is provided the production technology of a kind of unburned architectural pottery, its step is as follows:
(1) drying and dehydrating: by Gypsum Fibrosum in atmospheric conditions in 150～180 DEG C of drying and dehydratings 0.5～6 hour, obtain semi-hydrated gypsum；
(2) compressing: step (1) gained semi-hydrated gypsum is mixed with water 100:6～25 in mass ratio, and quickly stir, immediately the semi-hydrated gypsum after gained water mixing is inserted in ceramic brick press, make type in 10～30MPa pressure, obtain greenwave；
(3) soaked aquation: step (2) gained greenwave is overlapping, cotton is used to separate between greenwave, and put in aquation groove, then the greenwave folded is placed under press together with aquation groove, applied and the compressing identical pressure of step (2) by press；Keep pressure constant, in aquation groove, pass into water, greenwave is soaked 1～3 hour；
(4) natural drying: removal pressure, takes out greenwave, namely obtains unburned architectural pottery in atmosphere after natural drying.
By such scheme, described Gypsum Fibrosum is the natural gypsum, or is higher than the desulfurated plaster of 85wt% containing calcium sulphate dihydrate, or is higher than the industrial waste gypsum of 82wt% containing calcium sulphate dihydrate.
By such scheme, step (3) greenwave overlap quantity is 10～50 pieces.
The present invention also provides for the unburned architectural pottery prepared according to above-mentioned production technology, and its rupture strength is 16.2～17.5MPa.
The preferred thickness of unburned architectural pottery prepared by the present invention is 7～12mm.
It should be noted that in such scheme, in step (2), the semi-hydrated gypsum after water mixing stirring must be pressed operation in time, in case semi-hydrated gypsum solidification, hardening, affects subsequent operation and final product quality；Compressing used conventional ceramic brick machine in step (2)；In step (3), press used is Normal hydraulic press, i.e. be placed under platen by the greenwave folded together with aquation groove, start press, by pressing plate, the greenwave stacked is pushed down, apply pressure, and be always maintained at pressure, until soaked aquation is complete.
Technological principle involved in the present invention is as follows:
A, Gypsum Fibrosum main component be dihydrate gypsum (i.e. calcium sulphate dihydrate CaSO4·2H2O), by step (1) drying and dehydrating, dihydrate gypsum can be converted into semi-hydrated gypsum (i.e. half-H 2 O calcium sulphate CaSO4·0.5H2O)。
B, in step (2), a certain amount of water is filled in batch, after quickly stirring compressing in time, obtain the greenwave of densification, now, the water in greenwave and part semi-hydrated gypsum generation hydration reaction, generation dihydrate gypsum crystal, give the early strength that greenwave is certain, be beneficial to follow-up production operation.
C, it is not enough to and all semi-hydrated gypsum generation hydration reactions due to the watering quantity in step (2), there is not hydration reaction in some semi-hydrated gypsum inevitable, therefore, by step (3) soaked aquation, can make remaining semi-hydrated gypsum, with water, sufficient hydration reaction occur, all generate the dihydrate gypsum crystal be combineding with each other, give the intensity that greenwave is bigger.
D, step (3) soaked aquation carry out under executing stressed situation, the dihydrate gypsum crystal that aquation generates so can be made to be combined with each other tightr, greenwave structure after whole aquation finer and close, thus giving the requirement of mechanical strength that greenwave disclosure satisfy that architectural pottery.
E, in order to improve the greenwave quantity of single soaked aquation operation, therefore after being overlaped by some blocks of greenwaves, then carry out the soaked aquation operation of step (3).Because step (3) soaked hydration process carries out aquation in pressure process, if greenwave is directly overlaped, water is difficult to penetrate into inside greenwave by the gap between greenwave, also result in the greenwave after soaked aquation to stick together, therefore the present invention places cotton between the greenwave being superimposed with each other, water can penetrate between greenwave by cotton, and then penetrate into inside greenwave, the sufficient water yield is provided, thus promoting that the hydration reaction of semi-hydrated gypsum is completely, thoroughly for the hydration reaction of semi-hydrated gypsum.
F, after step (4) natural drying, the rupture strength (in " modulus of rupture ") of greenwave may finally be made to reach more than 15MPa, disclosure satisfy that the baking-free ceramic product of architectural pottery requirement of strength thus obtaining.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
1, routine building pottery typically requires the raw materials such as clay, Anhydrite, quartz, and raw materials requirement kind is many, and formula composition requirement is accurate, and feed, dispensing, production system are complicated；And the present invention only needs a kind of gypsum raw material, low in raw material price, production technology are simple, energy consumption is low, therefore the unburned architectural pottery product total cost of production of the present invention is low；It addition, because raw material constitutes single, the solid waste produced in production process, also only containing gypsum component, after collecting, can directly return beginning of production and be recycled, suitable for mass production.
2, the present invention need not sinter, will not discharge fuel burning tail gas, only need to by first compressing by semi-hydrated gypsum, soaked aquation under executing stressed condition again, the gypsum crystal that hydration reaction generates is made to be closely linked, form compact texture body, it is achieved with higher intensity, prepare the rupture strength (representing with " modulus of rupture ") of baking-free ceramic product higher than 15MPa, meet the requirement of mechanical strength of GB/T4100-2006 " Ceramic Tiles (dry-pressing Ceramic Tiles E > 10%B III class pottery brick) ".
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process chart that the embodiment of the present invention 1 produces unburned architectural pottery.
Detailed description of the invention
For making those skilled in the art be more fully understood that technical scheme, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
For the ease of test, unburned architectural pottery thickness prepared by the embodiment of the present invention is about 8mm.
Embodiment 1
(1) drying and dehydrating: by the natural gypsum in atmospheric conditions in 150 DEG C of drying and dehydratings 6 hours, obtain semi-hydrated gypsum；
(2) compressing: step (1) gained semi-hydrated gypsum is mixed with water 100:6 in mass ratio, and quickly stir, immediately the semi-hydrated gypsum after gained water mixing is inserted in ceramic brick press, make type in 30MPa pressure, obtain greenwave；
(3) soaked aquation: overlaped by step (2) gained greenwave, overlapping quantity is 10 pieces, uses cotton to separate, and put in aquation groove between greenwave；Again the greenwave folded is placed under press together with aquation groove, is applied and the compressing identical pressure of step (2) by press；Keep pressure constant, in aquation groove, pass into water, greenwave is soaked 1 hour；
(4) natural drying: removal pressure, takes out greenwave, namely obtains unburned architectural pottery in atmosphere after natural drying.
The present embodiment is prepared the process chart of unburned architectural pottery and is seen Fig. 1.
Rupture strength (representing with " the modulus of rupture ") test value of the unburned architectural pottery that the present embodiment Gypsum Fibrosum prepares is 16.8MPa, meets the standard-required of the 15MPa rupture strength of GB/T4100-2006 " Ceramic Tiles (dry-pressing Ceramic Tiles E > 10%B III class pottery brick) ".
Embodiment 2
(1) drying and dehydrating: by the natural gypsum in atmospheric conditions in 160 DEG C of drying and dehydratings 4 hours, obtain semi-hydrated gypsum；
(2) compressing: step (1) gained semi-hydrated gypsum is mixed with water 100:10 in mass ratio, and quickly stir, immediately the semi-hydrated gypsum after gained water mixing is inserted in ceramic brick press, make type in 25MPa pressure, obtain greenwave；
(3) soaked aquation: overlaped by step (2) gained greenwave, overlapping quantity is 20 pieces, uses cotton to separate, and put in aquation groove between greenwave；Again the greenwave folded is placed under press together with aquation groove, is applied and the compressing identical pressure of step (2) by press；Keep pressure constant, in aquation groove, pass into water, greenwave is soaked 1.5 hours；
(4) natural drying: removal pressure, takes out greenwave, namely obtains unburned architectural pottery in atmosphere after natural drying.
Rupture strength (representing with " the modulus of rupture ") test value of the unburned architectural pottery that the present embodiment Gypsum Fibrosum prepares is 17.5MPa, meets the standard-required of the 15MPa rupture strength of GB/T4100-2006 " Ceramic Tiles (dry-pressing Ceramic Tiles E > 10%B III class pottery brick) ".
Embodiment 3
(1) drying and dehydrating: by desulfurated plaster (being 93wt% containing calcium sulphate dihydrate) in atmospheric conditions in 170 DEG C of drying and dehydratings 2 hours, obtain semi-hydrated gypsum；
(2) compressing: step (1) gained semi-hydrated gypsum is mixed with water 100:20 in mass ratio, and quickly stir, immediately the semi-hydrated gypsum after gained water mixing is inserted in ceramic brick press, make type in 20MPa pressure, obtain greenwave；
(3) soaked aquation: overlaped by step (2) gained greenwave, overlapping quantity is 40 pieces, uses cotton to separate, and put in aquation groove between greenwave；Again the greenwave folded is placed under press together with aquation groove, is applied and the compressing identical pressure of step (2) by press；Keep pressure constant, in aquation groove, pass into water, greenwave is soaked 2 hours；
(4) natural drying: removal pressure, takes out greenwave, namely prepares unburned architectural pottery in atmosphere after natural drying.
Rupture strength (representing with " the modulus of rupture ") test value of the unburned architectural pottery obtained by the present embodiment is 16.7MPa, meets the standard-required of the 15MPa rupture strength of GB/T4100-2006 " Ceramic Tiles (dry-pressing Ceramic Tiles E > 10%B III class pottery brick) ".
Embodiment 4
(1) drying and dehydrating: by ardealite (containing calcium sulphate dihydrate 89wt%) in atmospheric conditions in 180 DEG C of drying and dehydratings 0.5 hour, obtain semi-hydrated gypsum；
(2) compressing: step (1) gained semi-hydrated gypsum is mixed with water 100:25 in mass ratio, and quickly stir, immediately the semi-hydrated gypsum after gained water mixing is inserted in ceramic brick press, make type in 10MPa pressure, obtain greenwave；
(3) soaked aquation: overlaped by step (2) gained greenwave, overlapping quantity is 50 pieces, uses cotton to separate, and put in aquation groove between greenwave；Again the greenwave folded is placed under press together with aquation groove, is applied and the compressing identical pressure of step (2) by press；Keep pressure constant, in aquation groove, pass into water, greenwave is soaked 3 hours；
(4) natural drying: removal pressure, takes out greenwave, namely prepares unburned architectural pottery in atmosphere after natural drying.
Rupture strength (representing with " the modulus of rupture ") test value of the unburned architectural pottery obtained by the present embodiment is 16.2MPa, meets the standard-required of the 15MPa rupture strength of GB/T4100-2006 " Ceramic Tiles (dry-pressing Ceramic Tiles E > 10%B III class pottery brick) ".
It is understood that the principle that is intended to be merely illustrative of the present of embodiment of above and the illustrative embodiments that adopts, but the invention is not limited in this.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and substance in the present invention, it is possible to make various modification and improvement, these modification and improvement are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the production technology of a unburned architectural pottery, it is characterised in that step is as follows:
(1) drying and dehydrating: by Gypsum Fibrosum in atmospheric conditions in 150～180 DEG C of drying and dehydratings 0.5～6 hour, obtain semi-hydrated gypsum；
(2) compressing: step (1) gained semi-hydrated gypsum is mixed with water 100:6～25 in mass ratio, and quickly stir, immediately the semi-hydrated gypsum after gained water mixing is inserted in ceramic brick press, make type in 10～30MPa pressure, obtain greenwave；
(3) soaked aquation: step (2) gained greenwave is overlapping, cotton is used to separate between greenwave, and put in aquation groove, then the greenwave folded is placed under press together with aquation groove, applied and the compressing identical pressure of step (2) by press；Keep pressure constant, in aquation groove, pass into water, greenwave is soaked 1～3 hour；
(4) natural drying: removal pressure, takes out greenwave, namely obtains unburned architectural pottery in atmosphere after natural drying.
2. the production technology of unburned architectural pottery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Gypsum Fibrosum is the natural gypsum, or is higher than the desulfurated plaster of 85wt% containing calcium sulphate dihydrate, or is higher than the ardealite of 82wt% containing calcium sulphate dihydrate.
3. the production technology of unburned architectural pottery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (3) greenwave overlap quantity is 10～50 pieces.
4. the unburned architectural pottery prepared according to the arbitrary described production technology of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that its rupture strength is 16.2～17.5MPa.
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| CN109016114B (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-08-30 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Production technology without paper without fibrous plaster |
| CN109231942A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-01-18 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | The production technology of unburned complex building ceramics |
| CN114988832B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-10-28 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for preparing daily flowerpot by using regenerated gypsum and waste ceramic sand |
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| CN101323518A (en) * | 2007-06-16 | 2008-12-17 | 铜陵化学工业集团有限公司 | Method for producing baking-free brick from industry gypsum waste slag |
| CN102172968B (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-04-25 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Process for producing high content phosphor-gypsum baking-free bricks |
| CN104030649B (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2017-02-01 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Production process for high-strength high-volume phosphogypsum baking-free brick |
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Effective date of registration: 20220126 Address after: 430000 No. 6, No. 388-412, LUMO Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Zhou Jun Address before: Room 101, R & D building, No. 10, phase I, Wuhan Institute of geological resources and environment industry technology, No. 99, Weilai Third Road, zuoling street, Wuhan East Lake New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000 Patentee before: Zhongdi scientific research (Wuhan) Phosphogypsum Resource Development Co.,Ltd. |
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