CN104030649B - Production process for high-strength high-volume phosphogypsum baking-free brick - Google Patents

Production process for high-strength high-volume phosphogypsum baking-free brick Download PDF

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CN104030649B
CN104030649B CN201410252707.1A CN201410252707A CN104030649B CN 104030649 B CN104030649 B CN 104030649B CN 201410252707 A CN201410252707 A CN 201410252707A CN 104030649 B CN104030649 B CN 104030649B
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ardealite
quick lime
phosphogypsum
brick
batch
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CN104030649A (en
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周俊
于冬雪
舒杼
王焰新
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China University of Geosciences
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Abstract

The invention relates to a production process for a high-strength high-volume phosphogypsum baking-free brick. The production process comprises the following steps: (1), material pre-treating: mixing phosphogypsum with quick lime to obtain a material mixture, placing the material mixture in drying machinery for drying at 180 DEG C under a normal pressure condition after aging for one day to obtain a dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime neutralized material; (2), preparing materials: weighing the dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime neutralized material and yellow sand according to a proportion, adding into a stirrer for stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed batch which comprises the following components in percent by weight: 70%-90% of dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime neutralized material, and 10%-30% of yellow sand; (3), watering and stirring; (4), pressing and forming; (5), soaking in water and hydrating; and (6), drying. The method provided by the invention is simple in step, not mixed with cement, and low in cost; and moreover, the prepared phosphogypsum baking-free brick is high in strength and suitable for industrial production.

Description

The production technology of high intensity high additive baking-free ardealite brick
Technical field
The invention belongs to building material technical field is and in particular to a kind of production of high intensity high additive baking-free ardealite brick Technique.
Background technology
Ardealite is the industrial solid wastes of discharge during Wet-process Phosphoric Acid Production.During Wet-process Phosphoric Acid Production, lead to Often often produce 1t phosphoric acid (with 100% p2o5Calculate) about produce 4.5~5.5t ardealite.Ardealite main component is two water Calcium sulfate (caso4·2h2O), a small amount of other impurities are additionally contained, in faintly acid, viscosity is stronger.Contained fluorine in ardealite The impurity such as compound, free phosphoric acid, phosphate are the principal elements leading to environmental pollution.
Ardealite is used for producing construction wall brick, is an ardealite of can dissolving in a large number, realizes ardealite resource Effective way.At present, the production technology of ardealite manufacture construction wall brick can be basically divided into two classes, i.e. ardealite baked brick Production technology and baking-free ardealite brick production technology.
Ardealite baked brick production technology is generally: 1. pretreatment of raw material, 2. dispensing, 3. mix and blend, 4. compacting (or squeeze Pressure) molding, 5. natural drying, 6. high-temperature roasting, 7. annealing cooling, 8. finished product.As China Patent Publication No. be cn1381423a, Shown in the patents such as cn1465540a, cn101774797a, cn102503517a, cn103044007a.The main deficiency of this technique It is: (1) high energy consumption: this technique typically requires continuous roasting under 700~900 DEG C of high temperature and is not less than 30h, this process needs to disappear Consume substantial amounts of heat energy;(2) there is secondary pollution: the main component calcium sulphate dihydrate of ardealite can occur in high-temperature calcination process Decomposition reaction, discharges oxysulfide, can cause secondary pollution to air.
During baking-free ardealite brick production technology can effectively overcome the shortcomings of that above-mentioned ardealite baked brick produces.Active service phosphorus stone The non-burning brick production technology of cream mainly has two classes: a class is that compressing steam curing brickmaking production technology is (hereinafter referred to as " steam-cured Brickwork skill ");Another kind of for the compressing non-evaporating foster brickmaking production technology (hereinafter referred to as " high-pressure molding brickwork skill ") of high pressure.
Steamed brick technique is generally: 1. pretreatment of raw material, 2. dispensing, 3. mix and blend, 4. compacting (or extruding) molding, 5. Steam press maintenance (or hydrothermal curing), 6. natural drying, 7. finished product.As China Patent Publication No. be cn101269944a, cn101497516a、cn101684675a、cn101637936a、cn1915894a、cn1955141a、cn101830677a、 Shown in the patents such as cn101891438a, cn103626461a, cn102701619a, cn102775118a.The master that this technique exists Deficiency is wanted to have: (1) energy consumption is higher.This technique needs steam press maintenance (or hydrothermal curing), steams using when low temperature (80 DEG C~100 DEG C) Press maintenance to require time for longer, generally require 8h~24h;Require time for according to steam press maintenance when high temperature (120 DEG C~250 DEG C) Relatively short, but remain a need for 5h~10h;(2) production equipment has high demands.Steam press maintenance needs special maintenance of equipment, Chang Weizheng Support (pressure) kettle, this equipment needs higher sealing, higher to equipment and materials and structural requirement, and maintenance cost is also larger.Mirror In above-mentioned reason, the production cost of this technique productions baking-free ardealite brick is higher.
High-pressure molding brickwork skill is generally: 1. pretreatment of raw material, 2. dispensing, 3. mix and blend, 4. high pressure compressing, 5. Natural drying, 6. finished product.As China Patent Publication No. be cn1277168a, cn1673154a, cn101508556a, Shown in the patents such as cn101182179a, cn101397205a, cn202338056u, cn1935736a.This technique presently, there are Mainly deficiency is: (1) product strength is low.The non-burning brick comprcssive strength of this technique preparation is usually less than 10mpa, the use model of product Enclose and be very restricted;(2) briquetting pressure is big, and equipment requirements are high, and briquetting pressure is generally higher than 40mpa, even as high as 80mpa, therefore compression molding device material and structural requirement are all higher, power consumption consumes also larger.
Additionally, in baking-free ardealite brick produces general cement also to be filled or other adhesive.As Chinese patent is open Number fill cement for cn101475359, cn101508556a etc.;China Patent Publication No. be cn102276228a, Cn1277168a etc. has filled adhesive.A large amount of admixtures of cement or adhesive lead to non-burning brick production cost to remain high, It is unfavorable for large-scale promotion application.
In order to improve the mechanical strength of product, China Patent Publication No. cn103641426a is based on above-mentioned " steam-cured brickwork Skill ", by filling yellow phosphorus furnace slag, quick lime is used as adhesive, and it is higher than the non-burning brick of 30mpa that comprcssive strength has been obtained, but this is special Ardealite optimum adding quantity of pulverized in profit is only 30%, should regard auxiliary material as, and yellow phosphorus furnace slag volume is up to 50%, be mainly former Material, therefore this unburned brick product substantially belongs to the non-burning brick of Yellow phosphorus furnace slag.The apllied Chinese invention patent of the present inventor Cn102172968b, devises an aquation recrystallizing technology, can prepare comprcssive strength unburned higher than the ardealite of 20mpa Brick, but this technique still suffers from the obstacle in some applications, if desired for admixture cement (3~10%) as auxiliary
Help gellant, compressing desirable pressure (15~30mpa) bigger than normal.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is for deficiency above-mentioned present in prior art, provides one kind with phosphorus stone Cream prepares the technique of baking-free ardealite brick, low cost, process is simple for primary raw material, and prepared baking-free ardealite brick is strong Degree is high, and applied range is suitable to large-scale production.
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem to employ the following technical solutions:
A kind of production technology of high intensity high additive baking-free ardealite brick, it comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: ardealite is mixed with quick lime, obtains compound, after old 1 day, compound is placed in dry It is dried to obtain in dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime in 180 DEG C under condition of normal pressure in dry machinery and expect;
(2) dispensing: weigh in dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime in proportion and material and yellow sand, put into stirring mixing in agitator Uniformly, prepared batch, in batch, the quality proportioning of each component is: in 70~90% dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime and material, 10~30% yellow sand;
(3) water mixing stirring: add water in batch, batch is 100:18~25 with the mass ratio of water, is sufficiently stirred for It is mixed to get water mixing batch;
(4) compressing: water mixing batch is inserted in brick machine, compressing under 8~12mpa pressure, given birth to Adobe;
(5) soaked aquation: under room temperature, raw adobe is placed in water immersion 0.5~2h, obtains aquation adobe;
(6) it is dried: aquation adobe is dried 7 days under field conditions (factors), prepared high intensity high additive baking-free ardealite brick.
The ardealite being converted into semi-hydrated gypsum through pretreatment as raw material, is mixed by the present invention with fine aggregate yellow sand;Again Fill a certain amount of water, and compressing in time adobe of making a living, now, the water in raw adobe occurs aquation anti-with semi-hydrated gypsum Should, make partial order, separate, short texture semi-hydrated gypsum compacts be converted into regular appearance, be mutually twisted , the dihydrate gypsum gel of compact structure;Finally by soaked hydration process, remaining semi-hydrated gypsum is made to continue to occur water anti- Should, be finally completely converted into regular appearance, be mutually twisted, the dihydrate gypsum gel of compact structure, thus giving adobe The up to comprcssive strength of more than 25mpa, prepared high intensity baking-free ardealite brick product.
Find in experimentation: if filling excessive water in step (3) water mixing stirring, on the one hand, sticking to mould occurs, secretes Water etc. is unfavorable for the phenomenon of the compressing operation of step (4), and on the other hand, the semi-hydrated gypsum in raw adobe is in step (3) water mixing In whipping process, complete aquation is converted into dihydrate gypsum, but during being somebody's turn to do, also not by complete densification, hydration reaction produces material Dihydrate gypsum can not be mutually twisted together well, and the mechanical strength ultimately resulting in unburned brick product is low.If without The soaked aquation of step (5) operates, then the part semi-hydrated gypsum in raw adobe after compressing is not by complete aquation, Ye Jitong Cross semi-hydrated gypsum hydration reaction generate the dihydrate gypsum that is mutually twisted cannot come the effect to increase considerably product mechanical strength Give full play of, the mechanical strength that result still results in unburned brick product is low.In sum, only by of the present invention Step (3) water mixing stirring and effective combination of the soaked aquation of step (5), fully hydration reaction is converted into just to make semi-hydrated gypsum The dihydrate gypsum being mutually twisted, increases substantially the mechanical strength of adobe, obtains the baking-free ardealite brick of high intensity.
The ardealite of indication of the present invention is the industrial solid wastes of discharge during Wet-process Phosphoric Acid Production, i.e. sulfuric acid decomposition phosphorus Side-product ardealite produced by Ore, but be not excluded for using other industrial gypsums, desulfurated plaster etc.;Described yellow sand is commonly to build Build river sand, moisture content≤5%, sand rain size≤2.36mm, alternatively rock crushing sand;Described quick lime is common building calculogenesis Ash, performance meets jc/t621-2009 " silicate building productses quick lime " technical requirements;Described unburned brick product was both permissible Produce into solid brick, also produce into hollow brick.
The production technology ultimate principle of the present invention is:
A, pass through step (1) pretreatment of raw material, by dihydrate gypsum (the i.e. calcium sulphate dihydrate caso in ardealite4·2h2o) It is converted into semi-hydrated gypsum (i.e. half-H 2 O calcium sulphate caso4·0.5h2o);
B, by step (3) water mixing stir, fill a certain amount of water in batch, and in time pass through step (4) suppress Molding, water mixing batch is pressed into the raw adobe of densification, and now, the water in raw adobe occurs aquation anti-with part semi-hydrated gypsum Should, generate dihydrate gypsum crystal, give raw adobe certain mechanical strength;
C, due to step (3) water mixing stirring in watering quantity be not enough to and all semi-hydrated gypsums occur hydration reaction, necessarily have There is not hydration reaction in a part of semi-hydrated gypsum, therefore, by the soaked aquation of step (5), can make remaining semi-hydrated gypsum and water There is sufficient hydration reaction, all generate the dihydrate gypsum crystal being mutually twisted, give adobe bigger mechanical strength, then warp After crossing step (6) drying, 7 days comprcssive strength of adobe finally can be made to reach more than 25mpa, thus obtaining the ardealite of high intensity Unburned brick product.
By such scheme, step (1) described drying time is 1h.
By such scheme, the described ardealite of step (1) and Lime Quality are than for 100:2.
By such scheme, described yellow sand moisture content≤5% of step (2), sand rain size≤2.36mm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
1st, the intensity of unburned brick product is high.Semi-hydrated gypsum (caso in pretreated ardealite4·0.5h2O) it is Just it is fully converted to dihydrate gypsum (caso after two step hydration reactions4·2h2O), i.e. the first step, strict rate-determining steps (3) Watering quantity in water mixing stirring, only makes the water energy in raw adobe, with part semi-hydrated gypsum, hydration reaction occur, generates dihydrate gypsum Crystal, gives raw adobe certain mechanical strength;Second step, by the soaked aquation of step (5), make remaining semi-hydrated gypsum with There is sufficient hydration reaction, the dihydrate gypsum crystal that full scale production is mutually twisted in water, give adobe very high mechanical strength (7 Its comprcssive strength is more than 25mpa), meet the mark of normal intensity grade mu25 of jc/t422-2007 " non-sintered rubbish tailing-bricks " Alignment request;
2nd, ardealite volume is high.The control by processing step for the present invention, aquation recrystallization is at twice to make semi-hydrated gypsum , there is this qualitative difference with existing high-temperature pressurizing steam-cured original position recrystallizing technology principle, lead to phosphorus stone in dihydrate gypsum gel Cream may be up to more than 80.0% in the volume in formula, and therefore, ardealite can be disappeared in a large number when the present invention produces non-burning brick Receive, be conducive to increasing substantially the resource utilization efficiency of ardealite, store up environment produced by placement for solution ardealite and ask Topic provides effective approaches and methods;
3rd, it is not required to fill cement or adhesive.As described above, passing through the process step of the invention, phosphorus stone can be given full play to The gelling characteristic of cream, need not fill cement or adhesive can produce the high baking-free ardealite brick of intensity, and this is conducive to significantly Degree reduces cost of material;
4th, energy consumption is low.In existing steamed brick technique, using high-temperature pressurizing condition, adobe is steamed for a long time Pressure maintenance, energy consumption is higher;And in the present invention, drying and dehydrating processes dried only under conditions of normal pressure, temperature are 180 DEG C 1h, energy consumption can be greatly lowered, and drying equipment is required low;
5th, simple production process, workable.Compared with the prior art, without steam-cured kettle, compressing need 8~ The pressure of 12mpa, conventional brick machine can meet production needs, without high pressure brick machine;Soaked aquation operation is directly will to press Make the raw adobe after type and be immersed in 0.5~2h in room temperature water, operation is simple.Whole processing step is to production equipment requirements Low, manufacturing condition is required gentle it is easy to production operation.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the process chart that the embodiment of the present invention 1 prepares high intensity high additive baking-free ardealite brick.
Specific embodiment
For making those skilled in the art more fully understand technical scheme, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is made into One step describes in detail.
Embodiment 1
Process chart is as shown in figure 1, the production technology of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: first ardealite is mixed for 100:2 in mass ratio with quick lime, old 1 day, so that Residual acid in ardealite is fully neutralized by quick lime;Again this compound is placed in drying machinery under 180 DEG C and condition of normal pressure It is dried processed 1h, obtain in dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime and material;
(2) dispensing: weigh in dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime and material, yellow sand, mass percent shared by 2 kinds of raw materials is: 80% With material, 20% yellow sand in dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime, put in agitator and be uniformly mixed, prepared batch;
(3) water mixing stirring: fill water in batch, batch is 100:22 with the mass ratio of watering quantity, carries out fully Stirring mixing, obtain water mixing batch;
(4) compressing: by water mixing batch cloth in brick machine, compressing adobe of making a living under 10mpa pressure;
(5) soaked aquation: raw adobe is placed in immersion 1h, prepared aquation adobe in room temperature water;
(6) spontaneously dry: aquation adobe is dried under field conditions (factors) 7 days, that is, baking-free ardealite brick product is obtained.
Baking-free ardealite brick product obtained by the present embodiment 7 days (with compressing when start calculate) comprcssive strength survey Examination is worth for 30.4mpa, meets the mark of the 25mpa comprcssive strength of jc/t422-2007 " non-sintered rubbish tailing-bricks " (grade mu25) Alignment request.
Embodiment 2
The production technology of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: first ardealite is mixed for 100:2 in mass ratio with quick lime, old 1 day, so that Residual acid in ardealite is fully neutralized by quick lime;Again this compound is placed in drying machinery under 180 DEG C and condition of normal pressure It is dried processed 1h, obtain in dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime and material;
(2) dispensing: weigh in dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime and material, yellow sand, mass percent shared by 2 kinds of raw materials is: 90% With material, 10% yellow sand in dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime, put in agitator and be uniformly mixed, prepared batch;
(3) water mixing stirring: fill water in batch, batch is 100:25 with the mass ratio of watering quantity, carries out fully Stirring mixing, obtain water mixing batch;
(4) compressing: by water mixing batch cloth in brick machine, compressing adobe of making a living under 12mpa pressure;
(5) soaked aquation: raw adobe is placed in immersion 2h, prepared aquation adobe in room temperature water;
(6) spontaneously dry: aquation adobe is dried under field conditions (factors) 7 days, that is, baking-free ardealite brick product is obtained.
Baking-free ardealite brick product obtained by the present embodiment 7 days (with compressing when start calculate) comprcssive strength survey Examination is worth for 28.7mpa, meets the mark of the 25mpa comprcssive strength of jc/t422-2007 " non-sintered rubbish tailing-bricks " (grade mu25) Alignment request.
Embodiment 3
The production technology of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: first ardealite is mixed for 100:2 in mass ratio with quick lime, old 1 day, so that Residual acid in ardealite is fully neutralized by quick lime;Again this compound is placed in drying machinery under 180 DEG C and condition of normal pressure It is dried processed 1h, obtain in dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime and material;
(2) dispensing: weigh in dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime and material, yellow sand, mass percent shared by 2 kinds of raw materials is: 70% With material, 30% yellow sand in dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime, put in agitator and be uniformly mixed, prepared batch;
(3) water mixing stirring: fill water in batch, batch is 100:18 with the mass ratio of watering quantity, carries out fully Stirring mixing, obtain water mixing batch;
(4) compressing: by water mixing batch cloth in brick machine, compressing adobe of making a living under 8mpa pressure;
(5) soaked aquation: raw adobe is placed in immersion 0.5h, prepared aquation adobe in room temperature water;
(6) spontaneously dry: aquation adobe is dried under field conditions (factors) 7 days, that is, baking-free ardealite brick product is obtained.
Baking-free ardealite brick product obtained by the present embodiment 7 days (with compressing when start calculate) comprcssive strength survey Examination is worth for 26.6mpa, meets the mark of the 25mpa comprcssive strength of jc/t422-2007 " non-sintered rubbish tailing-bricks " (grade mu25) Alignment request.
The method process is simple that the present invention provides as seen from the above embodiment is it is not necessary to mix cement or adhesive, cost Low, and the baking-free ardealite brick intensity prepared is high, meets the normal intensity of jc/t422-2007 " non-sintered rubbish tailing-bricks " The standard of grade mu25 requires, thus is suitable to industrialized production.
It is understood that the embodiment of above principle being intended to be merely illustrative of the present and the exemplary enforcement adopting Mode, but the invention is not limited in this.For those skilled in the art, in the essence without departing from the present invention In the case of god and essence, various modifications and improvement can be made, these modifications and improvement are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of production technology of high intensity high additive baking-free ardealite brick is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: ardealite is mixed with quick lime, obtains compound, after old 1 day, compound is placed in drying machine It is dried to obtain in dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime in 180 DEG C under condition of normal pressure in tool and expect;
(2) dispensing: weigh in dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime in proportion and material and yellow sand, put in agitator and be uniformly mixed, Prepared batch, in batch, the quality proportioning of each component is: in 70~90% dehydrated phosphogypsum-quick lime and material, 10~ 30% yellow sand;
(3) water mixing stirring: add water in batch, batch is 100:18~25 with the mass ratio of water, is thoroughly mixed Obtain water mixing batch;
(4) compressing: water mixing batch is inserted in brick machine, compressing under 8~12mpa pressure, obtain raw adobe;
(5) soaked aquation: under room temperature, raw adobe is placed in water immersion 0.5~2h, obtains aquation adobe;
(6) it is dried: aquation adobe is dried 7 days under field conditions (factors), prepared high intensity high additive baking-free ardealite brick;
The described ardealite of step (1) and Lime Quality are than for 100:2.
2. high intensity high additive baking-free ardealite brick according to claim 1 production technology it is characterised in that: step (1) described drying time is 1h.
3. high intensity high additive baking-free ardealite brick according to claim 1 production technology it is characterised in that: step (2) described yellow sand moisture content≤5%, sand rain size≤2.36mm.
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CN105645897A (en) * 2015-12-04 2016-06-08 山东高唐天齐液压机械有限公司 Green and environment-friendly baking-free brick and preparation method thereof
CN113072351A (en) * 2021-04-02 2021-07-06 四川省建筑科学研究院有限公司 Baking-free brick based on desulfurized gypsum and construction waste and preparation method thereof
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