CN104307489A - 膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法 - Google Patents

膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104307489A
CN104307489A CN201410553345.XA CN201410553345A CN104307489A CN 104307489 A CN104307489 A CN 104307489A CN 201410553345 A CN201410553345 A CN 201410553345A CN 104307489 A CN104307489 A CN 104307489A
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chitosan
bentonite
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陆强
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SHAANXI HUALU CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/30—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the textile industry

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法，属于环保材料制剂的制备方法领域。所述的膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：用5%的醋酸溶液缓慢溶解壳聚糖，配制成1.0%的壳聚糖溶液，然后按一定用量比例将壳聚糖溶液将膨润土调成糊状，使之充分浸润，将此糊状物置于加热炉中加热干燥，研细，过100目筛，即得膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂。本发明所制备的膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法，制备得到一种复合吸附剂，并用于染料溶液的脱色，取得很好的效果，脱色率达到95%，该吸附剂具有投药量少、稳定性高、操作简单、无再次污染等优点。与单一的膨润土或壳聚糖相比，膨润土负载壳聚糖对酸性大红等染料溶液有显著的脱色作用，而且操作方法简单、适应范围广、效果容易控制，可用于印染废水等处理。

Description

膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法，属于环保材料制剂的制备方法领域。
背景技术
膨润土是以蒙脱石为主要矿物成分的粘土岩，蒙脱石是一种含水的二八面体或三八面体的层状铝硅酸盐矿物，具有吸附某些阳离子的能力。随着层间阳离子的不同，蒙脱石的物化性能有比较大的区别。由于蒙脱石的层间结合力比较弱，仅能吸附一层或两层水分子，在晶体表面也能吸附一定的水分子，晶格中还含有一些以OH基形式存在的结构水。因此，通过对蒙脱石进行改性即改变蒙脱石晶层的阳离子形式及层间离子形式，脱除蒙脱石的吸附水或结构水，改变蒙脱石的微观结构形态等，可以增强蒙脱石的吸附和离子交换能力。目前，常用的改性方法有人工钠化处理、酸活化处理、高温焙烧、铝盐改性、有机覆盖处理等。
因此，研究一种工艺简单，性能好的膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法具有一定的经济与环境效益。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种工艺简单，性能好的膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法。
本发明所述的膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
用5%的醋酸溶液缓慢溶解壳聚糖，配制成1.0%的壳聚糖溶液，然后按一定用量比例将壳聚糖溶液将膨润土调成糊状，使之充分浸润，将此糊状物置于加热炉中加热干燥，研细，过100 目筛，即得膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂。
优选的，本发明所述的壳聚糖为脱乙酰度为90%的壳聚糖。
更优选的，本发明所述的壳聚糖溶液体积用量与膨润土的重量用量比为1-1.2：1。
进一步优选的，本发明所述的加热温度为150-180℃。
本发明所述的制备方法，所制备的膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂用于染料溶液的脱色，取得很好的效果，影响脱色效果的主要因素有壳聚糖的浓度、壳聚糖的脱乙酰度、复合吸附剂的用量、染料溶液PH值以及脱色时间。其中，随着壳聚糖脱乙酰度的增大，壳聚糖分子上游离氨基的数量增多，在酸性溶液中壳聚糖正离子数亦增多，这样，膨润土对壳聚糖的负载量必然增加，脱色率增大。但是，由于壳聚糖与膨润土的结合可能改变了膨润土的性质，增强了膨润土的吸附能力，也使脱色率增大，因此，壳聚糖脱乙酰度的增大，对脱色率的影响不显著，经测试，当壳聚糖脱乙酰度为90%时，对染料溶液的脱色效果最佳。随着膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂投入量的增加，脱色率越来越高，投土量为1%，脱色率即达最高，投土量的增加对脱色后上清液的澄清度无影响。同时发现当壳聚糖溶液浓度为1.0% 时，脱色率即达到最高，壳聚糖溶液为0.6%-1.5%时，对脱色后上清液的澄清度无影响。膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂对染料溶液的脱色，既是壳聚糖的作用结果，也可能有膨润土被改性的原因，壳聚糖一般在pH < 7 时起作用，而本发明所制备的膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂在pH<1O的范围内都有脱色作用。膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂为粉状固体，与壳聚糖溶液相比，前者与染料分子的接触率比较小，在染料溶液中投土之后，如果以手工振摇，脱色率约为8O%，如以高速分散均质机（1OOOr/min）搅拌2min 即达到9O%以上的脱色率。
本发明所述的制备方法，使用的材料均为天然的（ 膨润土、壳聚糖）或与环境友好的、少量的（ 醋酸）物质，与某些方法改性的膨润土以及某些絮凝剂相比，基本不会造成二次污染，脱色后产生的有色土可以用于制造建筑材料砖、瓦等。膨润土负载壳聚糖的机理一方面是膨润土对带有正电荷的壳聚糖的吸附；另一方面也可能是壳聚糖进入膨润土蒙脱石层间，并撑大了层间距。如果以壳聚糖溶液作为絮凝剂，随着所用溶剂（酸）的不同以及溶液的放置，壳聚糖会明显降解，从而影响其絮凝效果。本发明将壳聚糖负载在膨润土之上、干燥之后，避免了壳聚糖的降解。
本发明所制备的膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法，制备得到一种复合吸附剂，并用于染料溶液的脱色，取得很好的效果，脱色率达到95%，该吸附剂具有投药量少、稳定性高、操作简单、无再次污染等优点。与单一的膨润土或壳聚糖相比，膨润土负载壳聚糖对酸性大红等染料溶液有显著的脱色作用，而且操作方法简单、适应范围广、效果容易控制，可用于印染废水等处理。
具体实施方式
实施例一：
用5%的醋酸溶液缓慢溶解脱乙酰度为90%的壳聚糖，配制成1. 0%的壳聚糖溶液。用50-60mL此溶液将50g膨润土调成糊状，使之充分浸润，将此糊状物置于加热炉中，150-180℃理加热干燥，研细，过100目筛，即得膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂。
实施例二：脱色测试试验
取100mL酸性大红染料溶液（吸收波长=420nm，吸光度A = 0. 70，pH = 6. 4），加入1g本发明所制得的膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂，用高速分散均质机（1000r/min）搅拌5min，然后静置5h（或离心处理），取上清液于420nm处测定吸光度，脱色率为97%。 

Claims (4)

1.膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
用5%的醋酸溶液缓慢溶解壳聚糖，配制成1.0%的壳聚糖溶液，然后按一定用量比例将壳聚糖溶液将膨润土调成糊状，使之充分浸润，将此糊状物置于加热炉中加热干燥，研细，过100 目筛，即得膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂。
2. 如权利要求1所述的膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于所述的壳聚糖为脱乙酰度为90%的壳聚糖。
3. 如权利要求1所述的膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于所述的壳聚糖溶液体积用量与膨润土的重量用量比为1-1.2：1。
4. 如权利要求1所述的膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于所述的加热温度为150-180℃。
CN201410553345.XA 2014-10-17 2014-10-17 膨润土负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂的制备方法 Pending CN104307489A (zh)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108355621A (zh) * 2018-03-21 2018-08-03 成都理工大学 一种磁性多孔膨润土壳聚糖复合微球及其制备方法
CN108579693A (zh) * 2018-05-23 2018-09-28 东华理工大学 一种三聚磷酸钠交联壳聚糖/钠基膨润土气凝胶的制备方法
CN109337453A (zh) * 2018-10-24 2019-02-15 厦门理工学院 一种环保涂料及其制备方法和用途
CN111793524A (zh) * 2020-07-07 2020-10-20 蚌埠市江淮粮油有限公司 一种米糠油用复合脱色剂及其制备方法

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108355621A (zh) * 2018-03-21 2018-08-03 成都理工大学 一种磁性多孔膨润土壳聚糖复合微球及其制备方法
CN108355621B (zh) * 2018-03-21 2022-04-01 成都理工大学 一种磁性多孔膨润土壳聚糖复合微球及其制备方法
CN108579693A (zh) * 2018-05-23 2018-09-28 东华理工大学 一种三聚磷酸钠交联壳聚糖/钠基膨润土气凝胶的制备方法
CN108579693B (zh) * 2018-05-23 2021-01-05 东华理工大学 一种三聚磷酸钠交联壳聚糖/钠基膨润土气凝胶的制备方法
CN109337453A (zh) * 2018-10-24 2019-02-15 厦门理工学院 一种环保涂料及其制备方法和用途
CN111793524A (zh) * 2020-07-07 2020-10-20 蚌埠市江淮粮油有限公司 一种米糠油用复合脱色剂及其制备方法

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