CN104294155B - A kind of Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN104294155B
CN104294155B CN201410504580.8A CN201410504580A CN104294155B CN 104294155 B CN104294155 B CN 104294155B CN 201410504580 A CN201410504580 A CN 201410504580A CN 104294155 B CN104294155 B CN 104294155B
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王国栋
许云波
王洋
张元祥
方烽
卢翔
曹光明
李成刚
刘振宇
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Northeastern University China
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper

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Abstract

A kind of Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel and preparation method thereof, is composition by mass percentage containing C? 0.002 ~ 0.005%, Si? 2.8 ~ 4.0%, Mn? 0.07 ~ 0.3%, Al? 0.02 ~ 0.1%, Cu≤0.5%, S? 0.01 ~ 0.03%, N? 0.004 ~ 0.02%, O≤0.005%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, magnetic property P17/50Be 0.8 ~ 1.1W/kg, magnetic strength B8Be 1.85 ~ 1.94T; Preparation method is: (1) smelting molten steel, enter tundish, and casting becomes Cast Strip; (2) hot rolling; (3) cooling, the pickling of laminar flow, carried out for two stages cold rolling; (4) under nitrogen protection condition, be warming up to 1200 ± 10 DEG C, then under pure dry hydrogen condition, be incubated, carry out high annealing, be cooled to 400 ± 10 DEG C with stove, air cooling. Method control C content of the present invention is lower than 50ppm, and controlling whole process is single-phase ferrite matrix, has improved Cast Strip processability, obtains tiny uniform primary recrystallization tissue, and product has good performance.

Description

A kind of Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, particularly a kind of Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Orientation silicon steel has the fine magnetic property of high magnetic strength, low iron loss along rolling direction, be mainly used in the iron core of range transformer, is indispensable important magnetically soft alloy in power electronics and war industry. Tradition directed silicon steel complicated process of preparation is tediously long mainly to be comprised: smelting-continuous casting-strand high-temperature heating-hot rolling-normalizing-cold rolling-decarburizing annealing-high annealing etc.; in order to ensure that perfect secondary recrystallization occurs oriented electrical steel, strand high-temperature heating, course of hot rolling Comprehensive Control and normalizing process become requisite process node. Strand need to 1350 ~ 1400 DEG C of insulations with dissolve the precipitate such as thick MnS and AlN that forms in casting process and in subsequent hot rolled and normalizing operation small and dispersed separate out, so high heating-up temperature can cause a series of shortcomings such as energy waste, lumber recovery is low, equipment loss is large; Control hot rolling and normalizing and also improved technology difficulty and complexity.
Twin-roll thin strip continuous casting technology has fundamentally changed traditional Thin Strip Steel production method, can not need through production processes such as continuous casting, heating, hot rolling and normalizing, but taking rotate two casting rolls as crystallizer, liquid molten steel is directly injected in the molten bath of casting roll and side seal board composition, directly producing thickness by liquid molten steel is 1 ~ 6mm strip; Its process characteristic is that liquid metal bears pressure processing and plastic deformation in crystallization and freezing, completes in a short period of time all processes from liquid metal to solid-state strip, and setting rate can reach 102~104DEG C/s; Therefore, thin strap continuous casting has unique advantage aspect production Fe-Si alloy; Particularly, utilize the feature of the sub-rapid solidification of twin-roll thin strip continuous casting, can suppress separating out and the behavior of growing up of second phase particles in orientation silicon steel Cast Strip, realize the Flexible Control of inhibitor.
Nippon patent (flat 2-258149,1990) principal character is casting-milling technology parameter and the impact of cold-rolling process on magnetic property of oriented silicon steel; The Italy Te Erni US6964711 of house journal increased its feature of a time hot rolling technology with the impact of hot rolling technology on magnetic property; The U.S.'s US6739384 of Armco house journal principal character is the impact on magnetic property on secondary cooling velocity and the cold rolling reduction ratio of one-phase. In old process for refinement hot rolling microstructure; solid solution AlN precipitate in normalizing process; need in the time smelting, add 0.03 ~ 0.05%C; in hot rolling and normalizing temperature range, form 20 ~ 30% austenite; after cold rolling process; carry out again decarburizing annealing, to ensure iron loss lower in finished product orientation silicon steel. And mention the composition system of obviously also having inherited old process about the composition system in casting orientation silicon steel patent above; But current method all has flow process complexity, cost is high, and the dissatisfactory shortcoming of performance.
Summary of the invention
The problems referred to above for existing orientation silicon steel in preparation method and aspect of performance existence; the invention provides a kind of Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel and preparation method thereof; by Ultra-low carbon Composition Design; in omitting continuous casting, hot rolling and normalizing operation; further omit decarburizing annealing operation; solidify and secondary cooling path is avoided the formation of thick precipitate by control, obtain the high magnetic strength of thin specification, the directional silicon steel of low iron loss.
The composition of Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel of the present invention contains C0.002 ~ 0.005% by mass percentage, Si2.8 ~ 4.0%, and Mn0.07 ~ 0.3%, Al0.02 ~ 0.1%, Cu≤0.5%, S0.01 ~ 0.03%, N0.004 ~ 0.02%, O≤0.005%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The magnetic property P of above-mentioned Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel17/50Be 0.8 ~ 1.1W/kg, magnetic strength B8Be 1.85 ~ 1.94T.
The thickness of above-mentioned Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel is at 0.11 ~ 0.35mm.
The preparation method of Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel of the present invention carries out according to the following steps:
1, press set component smelting molten steel, then enter the tundish of preheating by cast gate, now tundish preheat temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, and molten steel enters in strip caster by tundish, and casting becomes Cast Strip; The degree of superheat of controlling molten steel in strip casting process is 20 ~ 50 DEG C;
2, hot rolling is carried out in Cast Strip, start rolling temperature is 980 ~ 1030 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 880 ~ 950 DEG C, and overall reduction, 10 ~ 15%, obtains hot-rolled strip;
3,, by cooling hot-rolled strip laminar flow, then iron scale is removed in pickling, then it is cold rolling to carry out for two stages; The cold rolling reduction ratio of one-phase is 60 ~ 70%, the cold rolling laggard interline annealing of one-phase, and annealing temperature is 850 ~ 1050 DEG C, annealing time is 3 ~ 5min; Then it is cold rolling to carry out the two-stage, and reduction ratio is 50 ~ 90%, makes cold rolling strap;
4,, under nitrogen protection condition, cold rolling strap is warming up to 1200 ± 10 DEG C with the speed of 10 ~ 30 DEG C/h, then under 1200 ± 10 DEG C of conditions; under pure dry hydrogen condition, be incubated at least 20h, carry out high annealing, be finally cooled to 400 ± 10 DEG C with stove; air cooling, to normal temperature, obtains Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel.
Described pure dry hydrogen condition refers to that dew point is lower than the hydrogen circulation condition of-30 DEG C.
The thickness of the cold rolling strap in said method is at 0.11 ~ 0.35mm.
The thickness of above-mentioned Cast Strip is at Cast Strip thickness 2.0 ~ 3.0mm.
The present invention is at project of national nature science fund project (U1260204; 51174059) under subsidy, complete, the principle of Composition Design is:
Carbon is controlled at below 0.005%; In conventional production procedure in order to form a certain amount of austenite, produce dynamic recrystallization refinement hot rolling microstructure, and better solid solution inhibitor element need to add 0.03 ~ 0.05% carbon in the time smelting when normalizing, on the other hand, for the performance need that ensures finished product directional silicon steel carries out decarburizing annealing in subsequent handling; Under thin strap continuous casting condition, solidification of molten steel speed, because the solid solution capacity of C element in the delta ferrite first forming is considerably less, cause the local segregation of C element, can not play all effects of even thinning microstructure, reduce on the contrary the processability of Cast Strip, add sub-rapid solidification and can suppress separating out of precipitate and the behavior of growing up, therefore can in smelting process, C content be controlled at below 50ppm, improve Cast Strip plasticity, and omit decarburizing annealing technique;
Silicone content is 2.8 ~ 4.0%; Silicon is most important alloying element in directional silicon steel, can significantly improve resistivity, reduces the eddy current loss in silicon steel, promotes secondary recrystallization, improves magnetic property thereby improve the degree of orientation; But old process, for the reason of controlling the Ovshinsky scale of construction, is limited in Si content below 3.4%; Thin strap continuous casting flow process has thoroughly been broken away from austenitizing Si has been contained to quantitative limitation, therefore can in orientation silicon steel composition, Si content be brought up to 4.0%;
The content of Mn, S, Al and N is respectively 0.07 ~ 0.3%, and 0.01 ~ 0.03%, 0.02 ~ 0.1% and 0.004 ~ 0.02%N; In orientation silicon steel, MnS and AlN are the most frequently used inhibitor, can significantly hinder growing up of primary recrystallization crystal grain, promote the generation of secondary recrystallization; Conventional production procedure is owing to being subject to the restriction of slab heating temperature, there is the upper limit in the content of the inhibitor component of strand solid solution, and under thin strap continuous casting condition, Cast Strip can the more inhibitor components of solid solution, its content all exceedes the restriction of old process to inhibitor constituent content.
Method of the present invention is controlled C content lower than 50ppm in smelting molten steel process, and controlling whole process is single-phase ferrite matrix, has improved Cast Strip processability, and without normalizing and decarburizing annealing technique, solid solution more suppresses element; A large amount of N atom solid solutions make, in the cold-rolled process of Cast Strip, detrusion easily occurs, and increase nucleation site, thereby obtain tiny uniform primary recrystallization tissue, and crystallite dimension is 10 ~ 15 μ m; Further, in primary recrystallization, goss texture originates from the shear band of cold-reduced sheet, and through-thickness is more evenly distributed, and is conducive to improve the secondary recrystallization degree of orientation; Can significantly improve inhibition ability a large amount of adding of inhibitor element, makes product have good performance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be in the embodiment of the present invention preparation method's schematic flow sheet of Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel;
Fig. 2 is the metallographic microstructure figure of the Cast Strip in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the transmission micro-organization chart of hot-rolled strip after Cast Strip, hot-rolled strip and the annealing in the embodiment of the present invention 2; Wherein (a) is Cast Strip, is (b) hot-rolled strip, is (c) hot-rolled strip after intermediate annealing;
Fig. 4 is the figure of macrostructure after the cold rolling strap high annealing in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Detailed description of the invention
The equipment of observing microscopic structure adopt in the embodiment of the present invention is ZeissUltra55 type ESEM.
The equipment of observing transmission microscopic structure adopt in the embodiment of the present invention is TecnaiF20 transmission electron microscope.
Strip caster in the embodiment of the present invention is the disclosed strip caster of patent CN103551532A.
The purity of the hydrogen adopting in the embodiment of the present invention is 99.9%.
Preparation method's flow process based on strip continuous casting technology Ultra-low carbon directional silicon steel of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1: by ladle, the molten steel of having smelted is poured in tundish, flow into again in the molten bath being formed by copper crystallization roll and the side seal board of two rotations, the casting roll casting that molten steel is rotated becomes strip, batch after cooling through hot rolling and laminar flow, iron scale is removed in pickling; Directly, by one-phase rolled by cold rolling machine, carry out intermediate annealing through continuous annealing furnace, continue to pass through two-stage rolled by cold rolling machine to finished product thickness, carry out high annealing finally by high-temperature annealing furnace.
Hydraulic pressure when laminar flow in the embodiment of the present invention is cooling is 0.1 ~ 0.2MPa.
Embodiment 1
Press set component smelting molten steel, then enter the tundish of preheating by cast gate, now tundish preheat temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, and molten steel enters in strip caster by tundish, and casting becomes the Cast Strip of thickness 2.05mm; The degree of superheat of controlling molten steel in strip casting process is 20 DEG C; Cast Strip metallographic microstructure as shown in Figure 2;
Hot rolling is carried out in Cast Strip, and start rolling temperature is 980 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 880 DEG C, and overall reduction, 15%, obtains hot-rolled strip;
By cooling hot-rolled strip laminar flow, then iron scale is removed in pickling, then it is cold rolling to carry out for two stages; The cold rolling reduction ratio of one-phase is 60%, the cold rolling laggard interline annealing of one-phase, and annealing temperature is 850 DEG C, annealing time is 5min; Then it is cold rolling to carry out the two-stage, and reduction ratio is 50%, makes cold rolling strap, and thickness is at 0.35mm;
Under nitrogen protection condition, cold rolling strap is warming up to 1200 ± 10 DEG C with the speed of 10 ~ 30 DEG C/h; Then under 1200 ± 10 DEG C of conditions, under pure dry hydrogen (dew point is lower than-30 DEG C) condition, be incubated 22h, carry out high annealing, finally be cooled to 400 ± 10 DEG C with stove, air cooling, to normal temperature, obtains Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel, composition contains C0.002%, Si4.0%, Mn0.3% by mass percentage, Al0.02%, S0.023%, N0.004%, O0.004%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, magnetic property P17/50For 0.8W/kg, magnetic strength B8For 1.85T, microscopic structure as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 2
Press set component smelting molten steel, then enter the tundish of preheating by cast gate, now tundish preheat temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, and molten steel enters in strip caster by tundish, and casting becomes the Cast Strip of thickness 2.31mm; The degree of superheat of controlling molten steel in strip casting process is 30 DEG C;
Hot rolling is carried out in Cast Strip, and start rolling temperature is 1030 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 950 DEG C, and overall reduction, 10%, obtains hot-rolled strip; By cooling hot-rolled strip laminar flow, then iron scale is removed in pickling, then it is cold rolling to carry out for two stages; The cold rolling reduction ratio of one-phase is 70%, the cold rolling laggard interline annealing of one-phase, and annealing temperature is 1050 DEG C, annealing time is 3min; Then it is cold rolling to carry out the two-stage, and reduction ratio is 57%, makes cold rolling strap, and thickness is at 0.27mm;
Under nitrogen protection condition, cold rolling strap is warming up to 1200 ± 10 DEG C with the speed of 10 ~ 30 DEG C/h; Then under 1200 ± 10 DEG C of conditions, under pure dry hydrogen (dew point is lower than-30 DEG C) condition, be incubated 20h, carry out high annealing, finally be cooled to 400 ± 10 DEG C with stove, air cooling, to normal temperature, obtains Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel, composition contains C0.003%, Si3.7%, Mn0.24% by mass percentage, Al0.04%, S0.018%, N0.0094%, O0.005%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, magnetic property P17/50For 0.9W/kg, magnetic strength B8For 1.90T;
Transmission microscopic structure in Cast Strip is as shown in Fig. 3 (a), and as shown in Figure 3 (b), the hot-rolled strip transmission microscopic structure after intermediate annealing as shown in Figure 3 (c) for hot-rolled strip transmission microscopic structure.
Embodiment 3
Press set component smelting molten steel, then enter the tundish of preheating by cast gate, now tundish preheat temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, and molten steel enters in strip caster by tundish, and casting becomes the Cast Strip of thickness 2.41mm; The degree of superheat of controlling molten steel in strip casting process is 40 DEG C;
Hot rolling is carried out in Cast Strip, and start rolling temperature is 1000 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 900 DEG C, and overall reduction, 11%, obtains hot-rolled strip;
By cooling hot-rolled strip laminar flow, then iron scale is removed in pickling, then it is cold rolling to carry out for two stages; The cold rolling reduction ratio of one-phase is 65%, the cold rolling laggard interline annealing of one-phase, and annealing temperature is 950 DEG C, annealing time is 4min; Then it is cold rolling to carry out the two-stage, and reduction ratio is 80%, makes cold rolling strap, and thickness is at 0.15mm;
Under nitrogen protection condition, cold rolling strap is warming up to 1200 ± 10 DEG C with the speed of 10 ~ 30 DEG C/h; Then under 1200 ± 10 DEG C of conditions, under pure dry hydrogen (dew point is lower than-30 DEG C) condition, be incubated 22h, carry out high annealing, finally be cooled to 400 ± 10 DEG C with stove, air cooling, to normal temperature, obtains Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel, composition contains C0.004%, Si2.8%, Mn0.19% by mass percentage, Al0.05%, S0.015%, N0.008%, O0.003%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, magnetic property P17/50For 1.1W/kg, magnetic strength B8For 1.94T.
Embodiment 4
Press set component smelting molten steel, then enter the tundish of preheating by cast gate, now tundish preheat temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, and molten steel enters in strip caster by tundish, and casting becomes the Cast Strip of thickness 2.73mm; The degree of superheat of controlling molten steel in strip casting process is 50 DEG C;
Hot rolling is carried out in Cast Strip, and start rolling temperature is 1010 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 920 DEG C, and overall reduction, 13%, obtains hot-rolled strip;
By cooling hot-rolled strip laminar flow, then iron scale is removed in pickling, then it is cold rolling to carry out for two stages; The cold rolling reduction ratio of one-phase is 60%, the cold rolling laggard interline annealing of one-phase, and annealing temperature is 900 DEG C, annealing time is 5min; Then it is cold rolling to carry out the two-stage, and reduction ratio is 81%, makes cold rolling strap, and thickness is at 0.18mm;
Under nitrogen protection condition, cold rolling strap is warming up to 1200 ± 10 DEG C with the speed of 10 ~ 30 DEG C/h; Then under 1200 ± 10 DEG C of conditions, under pure dry hydrogen (dew point is lower than-30 DEG C) condition, be incubated 24h, carry out high annealing, finally be cooled to 400 ± 10 DEG C with stove, air cooling, to normal temperature, obtains Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel, composition contains C0.005%, Si3.2%, Mn0.11% by mass percentage, Al0.09%, S0.018%, N0.008%, O0.003%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, magnetic property P17/50For 1.1W/kg, magnetic strength B8For 1.94T.
Embodiment 5
Press set component smelting molten steel, then enter the tundish of preheating by cast gate, now tundish preheat temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, and molten steel enters in strip caster by tundish, and casting becomes the Cast Strip of thickness 3.0mm; The degree of superheat of controlling molten steel in strip casting process is 30 DEG C;
Hot rolling is carried out in Cast Strip, and start rolling temperature is 980 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 880 DEG C, and overall reduction, 10%, obtains hot-rolled strip;
By cooling hot-rolled strip laminar flow, then iron scale is removed in pickling, then it is cold rolling to carry out for two stages; The cold rolling reduction ratio of one-phase is 60%, the cold rolling laggard interline annealing of one-phase, and annealing temperature is 1000 DEG C, annealing time is 3min; Then it is cold rolling to carry out the two-stage, and reduction ratio is 90%, makes cold rolling strap, and thickness is at 0.11mm;
Under nitrogen protection condition, cold rolling strap is warming up to 1200 ± 10 DEG C with the speed of 10 ~ 30 DEG C/h; Then under 1200 ± 10 DEG C of conditions, under pure dry hydrogen (dew point is lower than-30 DEG C) condition, be incubated 20h, carry out high annealing, finally be cooled to 400 ± 10 DEG C with stove, air cooling, to normal temperature, obtains Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel, composition contains C0.002%, Si3.5%, Mn0.07% by mass percentage, Al0.1%, Cu0.05%, S0.02%, N0.01%, O0.002%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, magnetic property P17/50For 1.0W/kg, magnetic strength B8For 1.85T.

Claims (2)

1. a preparation method for Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel, is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
(1) press set component smelting molten steel, then enter the tundish of preheating by cast gate, now tundish preheat temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, and molten steel enters in strip caster by tundish, and casting becomes Cast Strip; The degree of superheat of controlling molten steel in strip casting process is 20 ~ 50 DEG C;
(2) hot rolling is carried out in Cast Strip, start rolling temperature is 980 ~ 1030 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 880 ~ 950 DEG C, and overall reduction, 10 ~ 15%, obtains hot-rolled strip;
(3), by cooling hot-rolled strip laminar flow, then iron scale is removed in pickling, then it is cold rolling to carry out for two stages; The cold rolling reduction ratio of one-phase is 60 ~ 70%, the cold rolling laggard interline annealing of one-phase, and annealing temperature is 850 ~ 1050 DEG C, annealing time is 3 ~ 5min; Then it is cold rolling to carry out the two-stage, and reduction ratio is 50 ~ 90%, makes cold rolling strap;
(4) under nitrogen protection condition; cold rolling strap is warming up to 1200 ± 10 DEG C with the speed of 10 ~ 30 DEG C/h; then under 1200 ± 10 DEG C of conditions; under pure dry hydrogen condition, be incubated at least 20h and carry out high annealing; finally be cooled to 400 ± 10 DEG C with stove; air cooling, to normal temperature, obtains Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel, and its composition is by mass percentage containing C0.002 ~ 0.005%; Si2.8 ~ 4.0%; Mn0.07 ~ 0.3%, Al0.02 ~ 0.1%, Cu≤0.5%; S0.01 ~ 0.03%; N0.004 ~ 0.02%, O≤0.005%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. the preparation method of Ultra-low carbon orientation silicon steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that the thickness of described Cast Strip is at 2.0 ~ 3.0mm.
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CN102127702A (en) * 2011-01-16 2011-07-20 首钢总公司 Method for preparing low-S high-grade non-oriented electrical steel

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