CN114134421A - Ultra-low-carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ultra-low-carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 2.0-4.5%, C: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Y: 0.001 to 0.1%, Mn: 0.1-0.25%, Al: 0.01-0.02%, 0-0.3% of Cu, S: 0.02-0.035%, N: 0.009-0.011% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements. The production process comprises the following steps: continuous casting, heating of a casting blank, hot rolling, normalizing, cold rolling, primary recrystallization annealing and secondary recrystallization annealing. The invention adopts ultra-low carbon components, cancels the decarburization annealing process of the conventional oriented silicon steel and simplifies the production flow. The technical problem of difficult precipitation of the unidirectional ferrite structure inhibitor caused by ultra-low carbon components is solved through rare earth microalloying. The yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel prepared by the invention has the thickness of 0.2-0.35mm, the magnetic induction intensity B8 of 1.85-1.94T and the iron loss P17/50 of 0.9-1.2W/kg, can be used for iron core materials of transformers, and has a simpler preparation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and relates to ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Oriented silicon steel is an indispensable soft magnetic alloy in the power, electronic and military industries and is a basic raw material for preparing transformer cores. The traditional oriented silicon steel production process is complex and long, and mainly comprises the following steps: smelting, continuous casting, heating of a casting blank, hot rolling, normalizing, cold rolling, decarburization annealing, high-temperature annealing and the like. Carbon is one of the most important control elements of oriented silicon steel. During smelting, the silicon steel can form a certain amount of austenite phase at high temperature (1050-1150 ℃) by adding 0.03-0.05% of carbon, and the main inhibitor AlN in the oriented silicon steel has ten times of solubility difference between austenite and ferrite, so that the AlN inhibitor can be rapidly precipitated by utilizing the phase change from austenite to ferrite in the subsequent normalizing and cooling process. On the other hand, carbon is a harmful element in silicon steel, so that the coercive force of the silicon steel sheet is improved, the iron loss is increased, and the magnetism is reduced. Therefore, after the AlN inhibitor is regulated, the adverse effect of carbon on the silicon steel needs to be eliminated through a decarburization annealing process. Relevant researches show that after the content of residual carbon exceeds 0.0200%, secondary recrystallization of a silicon steel high-temperature annealing sample is imperfect, and the magnetic performance is poor. The Chinese invention patent (publication No. CN104294155A) discloses a preparation method of ultra-low carbon oriented silicon steel, which is mainly characterized in that ultra-low carbon design and two-stage cold rolling process are adopted to prepare high magnetic induction oriented silicon steel in composition, the technology further omits the decarburization annealing process while omitting the continuous casting, hot rolling and normalizing processes, and the formation of coarse precipitates is avoided by controlling the solidification and secondary cooling path. However, the ultra-low carbon content grain-oriented silicon steel also has a problem that the AlN inhibitor is difficult to precipitate in the single phase ferrite, and the precipitation of the AlN inhibitor needs to be regulated by an intermediate annealing process of two-stage cold rolling.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that inhibitors such as monophase ferrite AlN and the like in the oriented silicon steel are difficult to separate out due to an ultra-low carbon component system, the invention provides the preparation method of the ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel, the separation of the inhibitors such as AlN and the like is effectively promoted by adding rare earth yttrium element on the basis of the design of the ultra-low carbon component system, and the adopted one-stage cold rolling process saves the intermediate annealing link in the cold rolling process and further simplifies the production flow.
The ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
si: 2.0-4.5%, C: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Y: 0.001 to 0.1%, Mn: 0.1-0.25%, Al: 0.01-0.02%, 0-0.3% of Cu, S: 0.02-0.035%, N: 0.009-0.011% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
In the ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel, the thickness of a finished yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel product is 0.2-0.35mm, the magnetic induction B8 is 1.85-1.94T, and the iron loss P17/50 is 0.9-1.2W/kg.
According to the preparation method of the ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel, the rare earth yttrium element is added on the basis of an ultra-low carbon component system, so that the precipitation of the inhibitor is promoted, and the intermediate annealing step in the cold rolling process is omitted by adopting a one-stage cold rolling process, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: smelting molten steel according to set components, wherein the chemical composition and the weight percentage of the chemical composition are as follows: 2.0-4.5%, C: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Y: 0.001 to 0.1%, Mn: 0.1-0.25%, Al: 0.01-0.02%, 0-0.3% of Cu, S: 0.02-0.035%, N: 0.009-0.011 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
step 2: continuously casting a continuous casting blank with the thickness of 20-200 mm, heating the continuous casting blank at 1250-1300 ℃, and preserving heat;
and step 3: heating a continuous casting billet, and then hot rolling the continuous casting billet to the thickness of 2-2.5 mm, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1000-1050 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is 850-950 ℃;
and 4, step 4: normalizing the hot rolled plate at 950-1000 ℃;
and 5: after cooling the normalized plate, carrying out acid washing by using hydrochloric acid, and then carrying out cold rolling at room temperature, wherein the normalized plate is directly cold-rolled to 0.20-0.35mm by adopting a one-stage cold rolling process;
step 6: primary recrystallization annealing of the cold-rolled sheet at 850-950 ℃, and keeping the temperature for a period of time;
and 7: and (3) coating the separant, then performing secondary recrystallization annealing, heating to 1100-1250 ℃ at the speed of 50-150 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 12-20 h.
In the preparation method of the ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel, the heat preservation time in the step 2 is 120 min.
In the preparation method of the ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel, the normalizing treatment time in the step 4 is 180-300 s.
In the preparation method of the ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel, hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 10-20% is used for acid cleaning in the step 5.
In the preparation method of the ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel, the heat preservation time in the step 6 is 180-300 s.
In the preparation method of the ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel, the primary recrystallization annealing and the secondary recrystallization annealing are carried out under the condition of the mixed atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen, the volume ratio of the nitrogen to the hydrogen is 1:3, and the dew point of the mixed atmosphere is controlled to be below minus 30 ℃.
The ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel and the preparation method thereof have the following beneficial effects that:
1. the invention omits a decarburization annealing process on the basis of the ultra-low carbon component system oriented silicon steel. Meanwhile, the addition of rare earth yttrium element promotes the formation of nitrogen element and sulfur element clusters, reduces the interface energy of the inhibitor and the matrix, promotes the precipitation of AlN and other inhibitors, and solves the technical problem of difficult precipitation of single-phase ferrite structure inhibitors caused by the design of ultralow carbon content. Therefore, the hot rolling and normalizing temperature drop of the invention is relatively low in the conventional process.
2. The invention provides a novel component design for adding rare earth yttrium element on the basis of ultra-low carbon component system oriented silicon steel, which can refine the cast structure of the silicon steel and deeply deoxidize to improve the perfection degree of secondary recrystallization so as to optimize the performance of the oriented silicon steel. And the adopted one-stage cold rolling process saves the intermediate annealing link in the cold rolling process, thereby further simplifying the production flow.
Detailed Description
The ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: si: 2.0-4.5%, C: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Y: 0.001 to 0.1%, Mn: 0.1-0.25%, Al: 0.01-0.02%, 0-0.3% of Cu, S: 0.02-0.035%, N: 0.009-0.011% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements. The thickness of the finished product is 0.2-0.35mm, the magnetic induction B8 is 1.85-1.94T, and the iron loss P17/50 is 0.9-1.2W/kg.
According to the preparation method of the ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel, the rare earth yttrium element is added on the basis of an ultra-low carbon component system, so that the precipitation of an inhibitor is promoted, and the adopted one-stage cold rolling process omits the intermediate annealing step in the cold rolling process, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: smelting molten steel according to set components, wherein the chemical composition and the weight percentage of the chemical composition are as follows: 2.0-4.5%, C: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Y: 0.001 to 0.1%, Mn: 0.1-0.25%, Al: 0.01-0.02%, 0-0.3% of Cu, S: 0.02-0.035%, N: 0.009-0.011 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
step 2: continuously casting a continuous casting blank with the thickness of 20-200 mm, heating the continuous casting blank at 1250-1300 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 120 min;
and step 3: heating a continuous casting billet, and then hot rolling the continuous casting billet to the thickness of 2-2.5 mm, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1000-1050 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is 850-950 ℃;
and 4, step 4: normalizing the hot rolled plate at 950-1000 ℃ for 180-300 s;
and 5: after cooling, the normalized plate is subjected to acid washing by using hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 10-20% and then is subjected to cold rolling at room temperature, and the normalized plate is directly subjected to cold rolling to 0.20-0.35mm by adopting a one-stage cold rolling process;
step 6: primary recrystallization annealing of the cold-rolled sheet at 850-950 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 180-300 s;
and 7: and (3) coating the separant, then performing secondary recrystallization annealing, heating to 1100-1250 ℃ at the speed of 50-150 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 12-20 h.
The primary recrystallization annealing and the secondary recrystallization annealing are both carried out under the condition of a mixed atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen, the volume ratio of the nitrogen to the hydrogen is 1:3, and the dew point of the mixed atmosphere is controlled below minus 30 ℃.
The atomic radius of the rare earth yttrium is smaller than that of lanthanum and cerium, and the solid solution strengthening effect in steel is larger. Meanwhile, the density of compounds formed by yttrium in molten steel is lower than that of compounds formed by lanthanum and cerium, so that the compounds formed in the molten steel can be more easily floated and removed. On the other hand, the rare earth yttrium has stronger adsorption capacity with elements such as oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen and the like, is easy to generate oxides, sulfides, sulfur oxides and the like with high melting points and small plasticity at high temperature, and can play a role in desulfurization and deoxidation, change of inclusion morphology, improve low-temperature toughness and fracture property of steel, reduce hot brittleness of steel and improve hot workability and weld firmness of the steel.
Therefore, on the basis of the design of ultra-low carbon components, the rare earth yttrium element is added to promote the formation of nitrogen and sulfur clusters, reduce the interface energy of the inhibitor and a matrix, promote the precipitation of the inhibitor and solve the technical problem of difficult precipitation of the single-phase ferrite structure inhibitor caused by the design of the ultra-low carbon components, so that the hot rolling and normalizing temperature drop conventional process is relatively low.
The preparation process of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting molten steel according to set components, wherein the molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: si: 3.0 percent; c: 0.002%, Y: 0.002%; mn: 0.25 percent; al: 0.02 percent; 0.3% of Cu, S: 0.035%: n: 0.011 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
(2) after continuously casting a continuous casting billet with the thickness of 150mm, heating the continuous casting billet at 1300 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 120 min;
(3) heating a continuous casting billet, and then hot rolling the continuous casting billet to the thickness of 2.5mm, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1050 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is 950 ℃;
(4) normalizing the hot rolled plate at 1000 ℃ for 300 s;
(5) the normalized plate is subjected to hydrochloric acid pickling and then is subjected to cold rolling at room temperature, and the normalized plate is directly subjected to cold rolling to 0.35mm by adopting a one-stage cold rolling process;
(6) carrying out primary recrystallization annealing on the cold-rolled sheet at 950 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 300 s;
(7) and (3) coating the MgO isolating agent, then performing secondary recrystallization annealing, raising the temperature to 1250 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 20 h.
Both the primary recrystallization annealing and the secondary recrystallization annealing were performed under an atmosphere condition in which the ratio of nitrogen gas to hydrogen gas was 1: 3. The magnetic induction intensity B8 of the finished yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel product prepared by the process is 1.86T, and the iron loss P17/50 is 1.2W/kg.
Example 2
A preparation method of ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting molten steel according to set components, wherein the molten steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.6 percent; c: 0.0018%, Y: 0.005 percent; mn: 0.22 percent; al: 0.016 percent; 0.2% of Cu, S: 0.025%: n: 0.01%, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
(2) after continuously casting a continuous casting billet with the thickness of 110mm, heating the continuous casting billet at 1300 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 120 min;
(3) heating the plate blank, and hot rolling to the thickness of 2.3mm, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1030 ℃ and the final rolling temperature is 930 ℃;
(4) normalizing the hot rolled plate at 1000 ℃ for 240 s;
(5) cold rolling the normalized sheet at room temperature after acid washing, and directly cold rolling the normalized sheet to 0.3mm by adopting a one-stage cold rolling process;
(6) carrying out primary recrystallization annealing on the cold-rolled sheet at 900 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 240 s;
(7) and (3) coating the separant, then performing secondary recrystallization annealing, heating to 1250 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 20 h.
Both the primary recrystallization annealing and the secondary recrystallization annealing were performed under an atmosphere condition in which the ratio of nitrogen gas to hydrogen gas was 1: 3. The magnetic induction intensity B8 of the finished yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel product prepared by the process is 1.89T, and the iron loss P17/50 is 1.13W/kg
Example 3
A preparation method of ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting molten steel according to set components, wherein the molten steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.4 percent; c: 0.0022%, Y: 0.01 percent; mn: 0.2 percent; al: 0.013%; 0.22% of Cu, S: 0.023%: n: 0.009%, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
(2) continuously casting to obtain continuous casting slab with thickness of 80mm, heating at 1250 deg.C, and keeping the temperature for 120min
(3) Heating a continuous casting billet, and then hot rolling the continuous casting billet to the thickness of 2.2mm, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1000 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is 900 ℃;
(4) normalizing the hot rolled plate at 1000 ℃ for 180 s;
(5) after being acid-washed, the normalized sheet is cold-rolled at room temperature, and is directly cold-rolled to 0.27mm by adopting a one-stage cold-rolling process;
(6) carrying out primary recrystallization annealing on the cold-rolled sheet at 850 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 180 s;
(7) and (3) coating the separant, then performing secondary recrystallization annealing, heating to 1250 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 20 h.
Both the primary recrystallization annealing and the secondary recrystallization annealing were performed under an atmosphere condition in which the ratio of nitrogen gas to hydrogen gas was 1: 3. The magnetic induction intensity B8 of the finished yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel product prepared by the process is 1.91T, and the iron loss P17/50 is 1.1W/kg.
Example 4
A preparation method of ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting molten steel according to set components, wherein the molten steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.3 percent; c: 0.0015%, Y: 0.05 percent; mn: 0.18 percent; al: 0.012%; s: 0.02%: n: 0.009%, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
(2) after a continuous casting blank with the thickness of 150mm is continuously cast, heating the continuous casting blank at 1250 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 120 min;
(3) heating a continuous casting billet, and then hot rolling the continuous casting billet to the thickness of 2mm, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1000 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is 850 ℃;
(4) normalizing the hot rolled plate at 950 ℃ for 180 s;
(5) cold rolling the normalized sheet at room temperature after acid washing, and directly cold rolling the normalized sheet to 0.23mm by adopting a one-stage cold rolling process;
(6) carrying out primary recrystallization annealing on the cold-rolled sheet at 850 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 180 s;
(7) and (3) coating the separant, then performing secondary recrystallization annealing, heating to 1250 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 20 h.
Both the primary recrystallization annealing and the secondary recrystallization annealing were performed under an atmosphere condition in which the ratio of nitrogen gas to hydrogen gas was 1: 3. The magnetic induction intensity B8 of the finished product of the yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel prepared by the process is 1.94T, and the iron loss P17/50 is 0.92W/kg.
Table 1:
| yttrium content (%) | Magnetic property P17/50(W/kg) | Magnetic induction B8(T) |
| 0.002 | 1.2 | 1.86 |
| 0.005 | 1.13 | 1.89 |
| 0.01 | 1.1 | 1.91 |
| 0.05 | 0.92 | 1.94 |
In table 1, the relationship between the yttrium content and the magnetic properties of the yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel finished product in 4 examples is shown. As can be seen from the table, the magnetic performance of the yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel finished product is better and better with the increase of the yttrium content.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
si: 2.0-4.5%, C: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Y: 0.001 to 0.1%, Mn: 0.1-0.25%, Al: 0.01-0.02%, 0-0.3% of Cu, S: 0.02-0.035%, N: 0.009-0.011% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
2. The ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel finished product is 0.2-0.35mm, the magnetic induction B8 is 1.85-1.94T, and the iron loss P17/50 is 0.9-1.2W/kg.
3. A preparation method of ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel is characterized in that rare earth yttrium element is added on the basis of an ultra-low carbon component system to promote the precipitation of an inhibitor, and a one-stage cold rolling process is adopted to save the intermediate annealing step in the cold rolling process, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: smelting molten steel according to set components, wherein the chemical composition and the weight percentage of the chemical composition are as follows: 2.0-4.5%, C: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Y: 0.001 to 0.1%, Mn: 0.1-0.25%, Al: 0.01-0.02%, 0-0.3% of Cu, S: 0.02-0.035%, N: 0.009-0.011 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
step 2: continuously casting a continuous casting blank with the thickness of 20-200 mm, heating the continuous casting blank at 1250-1300 ℃, and preserving heat;
and step 3: heating a continuous casting billet, and then hot rolling the continuous casting billet to the thickness of 2-2.5 mm, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1000-1050 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is 850-950 ℃;
and 4, step 4: normalizing the hot rolled plate at 950-1000 ℃;
and 5: after cooling the normalized plate, carrying out acid washing by using hydrochloric acid, and then carrying out cold rolling at room temperature, wherein the normalized plate is directly cold-rolled to 0.2-0.35mm by adopting a one-stage cold rolling process;
step 6: primary recrystallization annealing of the cold-rolled sheet at 850-950 ℃, and keeping the temperature for a period of time;
and 7: and (3) coating the separant, then performing secondary recrystallization annealing, heating to 1100-1250 ℃ at the speed of 50-150 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 12-20 h.
4. The method of manufacturing ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel of claim 3, wherein the holding time in step 2 is 120 min.
5. The method for preparing ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel of claim 3, wherein the normalizing time in step 4 is 180-300 s.
6. The method of manufacturing ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel of claim 3, wherein said step 5 is performed by pickling with hydrochloric acid having a concentration of 10-20%.
7. The method for preparing ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel of claim 3, wherein the heat preservation time in the step 6 is 180-300 s.
8. The method of manufacturing ultra-low carbon yttrium-containing oriented silicon steel of claim 3, wherein the primary recrystallization annealing and the secondary recrystallization annealing are both performed in a mixed atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen, the volume ratio of nitrogen to hydrogen is 1:3, and the dew point of the mixed atmosphere is controlled to be below-30 ℃.
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