CN104293376A - 一种低温破乳剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种低温(30℃温度)破乳剂及其制备方法;由复配多重嵌段聚醚,添加三乙醇胺、油酸、甲醇和水组成;按破乳剂重量100%计,复配多重嵌段聚醚为40-45%,三乙醇胺为1.5-2%,油酸为2.0-2.5%,甲醇为20~50%,余量为水;本发明所述的低温原油破乳剂对长庆超低渗透油藏原油,在50ppm时,温度为30℃条件下脱水率91.6%。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种低温(30℃温度)破乳剂及其制备方法,尤其涉及一种以多重嵌段聚醚为主要原料的破乳剂及其制备方法,主要用于油田乳状液破乳脱水。
背景技术
随着长庆油田的快速开发,油田采液量增大。由于产建规模的不断增大,原油脱水处理压力不断增加,由于目前在用原油破乳剂对温度要求较高,部分站点加热系统运行负荷大,无法满足破乳剂脱水温度需求导致原油破乳脱水效果差,破乳剂投加浓度高的现状,为此急需开发一种低温高效破乳剂,在较低温度下实现原油破乳脱水,在不增加破乳剂浓度下,提高破乳效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种最低在30℃温度下便可以实现原油乳状液破乳脱水的低温破乳剂及其制备方法,通过对多种聚合物改性,然后复配,获取适合于不同原油特征的低温原油破乳的复配多重嵌段聚醚,将复配多重嵌段聚醚用三乙醇胺、油酸、甲醇、水进行混合,获取一种适合于低温原油破乳的多重嵌段聚醚破乳剂成品。保障超低渗透油藏原油在低温下完成破乳脱水,保障生产运行正常的情况下。降低原油加热导致的能源消耗,从而降低原油破乳脱水成本。
本发明所述的低温破乳剂由复配多重嵌段聚醚,添加三乙醇胺、油酸、甲醇和水组成;按破乳剂重量100%计,复配多重嵌段聚醚为40-45%,三乙醇胺为1.5-2%,油酸为2.0-2.5%,甲醇为20~50%,余量为水。
本发明所述的低温破乳剂的制备方法:
步骤1.多重嵌段式聚醚的合成:
在50%氢氧化钾溶液催化剂的作用下,将醚头升温到150℃-155℃,压力小于等于0.04mPa,脱水0.5h;然后边搅拌边通入环氧丙烷,温度控制在120-135℃,压力小于等于0.3mpa,根据目标多重嵌段式聚醚的HLB值和嵌段级数,决定单次加注环氧丙烷的量和加注速度;环氧丙烷加完后抽真空5min,通入环氧乙烷,温度控制在120-135℃,压力小于等于0.3mpa,环氧乙烷加料完毕,抽真空5min,降温得结构为醚头-PO-EO的二重嵌段式聚醚、结构为醚头-PO-EO-PO三重嵌段式聚醚、结构为醚头-PO-EO-PO-EO四重嵌段式聚醚或多重嵌段式聚醚;
所述的醚头为酚醛树脂、丙二醇、二乙烯三胺或双酚A;
步骤2.改性多重嵌段式聚醚的合成:
(1)在反应釜中加入改性溶剂载体二甲苯(工业级),将结构为醚头-PO-EO的二重嵌段式聚醚注入反应釜中,边注入边搅拌,待完全溶解均匀后升温到60℃;将二重嵌段式聚醚质量5-10%的改进剂DT1603(陕西大维石油科技有限公司工业级)加入反应釜中,边加注边搅拌,然后将相同醚头的结构为醚头-PO-EO-PO的三重嵌段式聚醚加注到反应釜内,边加注边搅拌,反应温度控制在65℃-70℃;加注完成后保温反应1h,得到以2-3型多重嵌段式改性聚醚;
(2)改变(1)中二重嵌段式聚醚、三重嵌段式聚醚的醚头,得到其它醚头的2-3型多重嵌段式改性聚醚;
(3)将相同醚头的二重嵌段式聚醚、三重嵌段式聚醚和四重嵌段式聚醚进行混聚改性,得2-3-4型多重嵌段式改性聚醚;
(4)改变(3)中的二重嵌段式聚醚、三重嵌段式聚醚和四重嵌段式聚醚的醚头进行混聚改性,得其它醚头的2-3-4型多重嵌段式改性聚醚;
步骤3.原油破乳剂的制备
将同醚头的2-3型多重嵌段式改性聚醚、2-3-4型多重嵌段式改性聚醚和其它醚头的2-3型多重嵌段式改性聚醚按质量3:1.5:2复配,然后和三乙醇胺、油酸、甲醇和水进行混合得到本低温原油破乳剂。
所述的酚醛树脂醚头的合成:
将壬基酚加入反应釜,搅拌升温到40℃,加入50%氢氧化钠溶液;50℃时加入甲醛溶液,滴加时间在30-40min,滴加温度控制在℃50-70℃,加完甲醛在60-80℃保温反应30min,再升温到100℃,在100-120℃反应1h,真空脱水,温度150℃-155℃、时间1.5h,压力0.08mPa,通入氮气置换,得到酚醛树脂醚头。
本发明所述的低温原油破乳剂对长庆超低渗透油藏原油,在50ppm时,温度为30℃条件下脱水率91.6%。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)以酚醛树脂为醚头的二重嵌段式聚醚的制备
在反应釜中加入477Kg的壬基酚,搅拌升温到40℃,加入50%氢氧化钠溶液7.16Kg,继续搅拌升温到50℃时通过高位槽滴加的方式向反应釜中加入142.7Kg的甲醛溶液,滴加时间在30-40min,滴加温度控制在℃50-70℃,加完甲醛在60-80℃保温反应30min。再升温在100-120℃反应1h,反应釜停止加热,开始真空脱水,并逐渐加大真空度,在150℃-155℃下脱水1.5h,压力0.08mPa,通氮得到酚醛树脂醚头。
在150℃-155℃之间抽入50%氢氧化钾溶液6.8Kg,继续脱水0.5h,加注环氧丙烷596.4Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力小于等于0.3mpa,环氧丙烷加完后抽吸到负压,再抽真空5min,然后注入环氧乙烷226.2Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力小于等于0.3mpa,环氧乙烷加料完毕保温反应1h后抽吸到负压,再抽真空5min,降温即可获得醚头-PO-EO二重嵌段式聚醚
(2)以酚醛树脂为醚头的三重嵌段式聚醚制备
在反应釜中加入477Kg的壬基酚,搅拌升温到40℃,加入50%氢氧化钠溶液6.2Kg,继续搅拌升温到50℃时通过高位槽滴加的方式向反应釜中加入142.7Kg的甲醛溶液,滴加时间在30-40min,滴加温度控制在50-70℃,加完甲醛在60-80℃保温反应30min。再升温在100-120℃反应1h,反应釜停止加热,开始真空脱水,在150℃-155℃下脱水1.5h,通氮置换得到酚醛树脂醚头。
在150℃-155℃之间抽入50%氢氧化钾溶液6.2Kg,继续脱水0.5h,加注环氧丙烷242Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力小于等于0.3mpa,环氧丙烷加完后抽吸到负压,再抽真空5min,然后注入环氧乙烷87.6Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力小于等于0.3mpa,环氧乙烷加料完毕,抽吸到负压,然后注入环氧丙烷242Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力不大于0.3mpa,环氧乙烷加料完毕保温反应1h后抽吸到负压,再抽真空5min,降温即可获得醚头-PO-EO-PO三重嵌段式聚醚。
(3)低温破乳剂的制备
在反应釜中加入二甲苯230Kg,将(1)中合成的以酚醛树脂为醚头的二重嵌段式聚醚480Kg注入反应釜中,边注入边搅拌,待完全溶解均匀后升温到60℃;将80Kg接枝改进剂DT1603滴加进入反应釜中,保温10min后将(2)中合成的以酚醛树脂为醚头的三重嵌段式聚醚430Kg慢加入反应釜中,边加边搅拌,反应温度控制在65℃-70℃;加注完成后保温反应1h,降温即可获得同醚头2-3型多重嵌段式改性聚醚。
在反应釜中加入甲醇1350Kg,搅拌升温到30-35℃时,加入600Kg实施例1(3)中获取的2-3型多重嵌段式改性聚醚,边加注边搅拌,加注完成后升温到45-50℃,加注完后搅拌20min;再加注实例1(2)中的三重嵌段式聚醚300Kg,边加注边搅拌,加注完后搅拌30min;再加注400Kg实例1(1)中二重嵌段式聚醚,边加注边搅拌,加注完成后搅拌30min;最后加注油酸80Kg、三乙醇胺60Kg、水400,在45-50℃搅拌3h。(保证三种多重嵌段式改性聚醚的配比维持在3:1.5:2的水平,多重嵌段式改性聚醚含量在40-45%)降温即可得到低温破乳剂成品。
实施例2
(1)以酚醛树脂为醚头的多重嵌段式聚醚制备
按照实施例1中(1)的方法制备酚醛树脂醚头。
在150℃-155℃之间抽入50%氢氧化钾溶液4.8Kg,继续脱水0.5h,加注环氧丙烷215Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力小于等于0.3mpa,环氧丙烷加完后抽吸到负压,再抽真空5min,然后注入环氧乙烷77.5Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力不大于0.3mpa,环氧乙烷加料完毕,要抽吸到负压,再抽真空5min,然后注入环氧丙烷215Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力不大于0.3mpa,环氧乙烷加料完毕,要抽吸到负压,再抽真空5min,然后注入环氧乙烷65Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力不大于0.3mpa,环氧乙烷加料完毕,要抽吸到负压,再抽真空5min,降温即可获得醚头-PO-EO-PO-EO四重嵌段式聚醚。
(2)多重嵌段式聚醚的改性
在反应釜中加入混聚溶剂载体二甲苯200Kg,将实施例1中合成的以酚醛树脂为醚头的二段式聚醚310Kg注入反应釜中,边注入边搅拌,待完全溶解均匀后升温到60℃,将73Kg接枝改进剂DT1603滴加进入反应釜中,保温10min后将(1)中合成的以酚醛树脂为醚头的四重段式聚醚380Kg慢加入反应釜中,边加边搅拌,反应温度控制在65℃-70℃;加注完成后保温反应1h,降温即可获得同醚头2-4型改性破乳剂主剂。
在反应釜中加入混聚溶剂载体二甲苯300Kg,将实例一中合成的以酚醛树脂为醚头的三段式聚醚350Kg注入反应釜中,边注入边搅拌,待完全溶解均匀后升温到60℃,将52Kg改进剂DT1603滴加进入反应釜中,保温10min后将(1)中合成的以酚醛树脂为醚头的四重段式聚醚430Kg慢加入反应釜中,边加边搅拌,反应温度控制在65℃-70℃;加注完成后保温反应1h,降温即可获得同醚头3-4型多重嵌段式改性聚醚。
(3)低温破乳剂的制备
在反应釜中加入甲醇950Kg,搅拌升温到30-35℃时,加入450Kg实例二(1)中获取的2-4改性破乳剂主剂,边加注边搅拌,加注完成后升温到45-50℃,加注完后搅拌20min;再加注实例一中的二段式聚醚225Kg,边加注边搅拌,加注完后搅拌30min;再加注300Kg实例一中2-3改性破乳剂主剂,边加注边搅拌,加注完成后搅拌30min;最后加注油酸53Kg、三乙醇胺41Kg、水180,在45-50℃搅拌3h。(保证三种多重嵌段聚醚的配比维持在3:1.5:2的水平,多重嵌段式聚醚质量含量在40-45%)降温即可得到低温破乳剂成品。
实施例3
(1)不同起始剂下多重嵌段式聚醚制备
分别采用丙二醇、二乙烯三胺、双酚A为醚头,在130℃-135℃之间抽入50%氢氧化钾溶液7.0Kg,脱水0.5h,氮气置换后加注环氧丙烷450Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力不大于0.3mpa,环氧丙烷加完后抽吸到负压,再抽真空5min,然后注入环氧乙烷215Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力不大于0.3mpa,环氧乙烷加料完毕,要抽吸到负压,再抽真空5min,降温即可获得不同醚头-PO-EO二重嵌段式聚醚。
分别采用丙二醇、二乙烯三胺和双酚A为起始剂,在130℃-135℃之间抽入50%氢氧化钾溶液6.0Kg,脱水0.5h,氮气置换后加注环氧丙烷350Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力不大于0.3mpa,环氧丙烷加完后抽吸到负压,再抽真空5min,然后注入环氧乙烷95Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力不大于0.3mpa,环氧乙烷加料完毕,要抽吸到负压,再抽真空5min,继续注入环氧乙烷350Kg,温度控制在120-135℃,压力不大于0.3mpa,环氧乙烷加料完毕,要抽吸到负压,再抽真空5min,降温即可获得不同醚头-PO-EO-PO三重嵌段式聚醚。
(2)不同起始剂多重嵌段式聚醚的改性
在反应釜中加入二甲苯120Kg,将实例1中合成的以酚醛树脂为醚头的二重嵌段式聚醚300Kg注入反应釜中,边注入边搅拌,待完全溶解均匀后升温到60℃,将60Kg接枝改进剂DT1604滴加进入反应釜中,保温10min后将实例3中以不同起始剂合成的聚醚380Kg的三重段式聚醚慢加入反应釜中,边加边搅拌,反应温度控制在65℃-70℃;加注完成后保温反应1h,降温即可获得三种不同起始剂类型的醚头2-3型多重嵌段式改性聚醚。
(3)低温破乳剂的制备
在反应釜中加入甲醇650Kg,搅拌升温到30-35℃时,将300Kg实例3(1)中不同起始剂的醚头-PO-EO改性破乳剂主剂加入反应釜中,边加注边搅拌,加注完成后升温到45-50℃,搅拌20min,加注150Kg实例1中酚醛树脂醚头-PO-EO二重嵌段式聚醚,边加注边搅拌,加注完后搅拌30min;加注190Kg实例1中酚醛树脂为醚头的2-3嵌段式改性聚醚,边加注边搅拌,加注完后搅拌30min;最后加注油酸40Kg、三乙醇胺30Kg、水180,在45-50℃搅拌3h,(保证三种破乳剂主剂的配比维持在3:1.5:2的水平,干剂含量在40-45%)。降温即可得到低温破乳剂成品。
Claims (6)
1.一种低温破乳剂,其特征在于:由复配多重嵌段聚醚,添加三乙醇胺、油酸、甲醇和水组成;按破乳剂重量100%计,复配多重嵌段聚醚为40-45%,三乙醇胺为1.5-2%,油酸为2.0-2.5%,甲醇为20~50%,余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低温破乳剂,其特征在于:
复配多重嵌段聚醚是由二重嵌段式聚醚、三重嵌段式聚醚、四重嵌段式聚醚在二甲苯溶剂中改性得到的同醚头的2-3型多重嵌段式改性聚醚、2-3-4型多重嵌段式改性聚醚和不同醚头的2-3型多重嵌段式改性聚醚按质量3:1.5:2复配而成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的低温破乳剂,其特征在于:
所述的二重嵌段式聚醚、三重嵌段式聚醚、四重嵌段式聚醚结构为醚头-PO-EO、醚头-PO-EO-PO、醚头-PO-EO-PO-EO。
4.根据权利要求3所述的低温破乳剂,其特征在于:
所述的醚头为酚醛树脂、丙二醇、二乙烯三胺或双酚A。
5.一种根据权利要求1所述的低温破乳剂的制备方法,其特征在于:
步骤1.多重嵌段式聚醚的合成:
在50%氢氧化钾溶液催化剂的作用下,将醚头升温到150℃-155℃,压力小于等于0.04mPa,脱水0.5h;然后边搅拌边通入环氧丙烷,温度控制在120-135,压力小于等于0.3mpa,根据目标多重嵌段式聚醚的HLB值和嵌段级数,决定单次加注环氧丙烷的量和加注速度;环氧丙烷加完后抽真空5min,通入环氧乙烷,温度控制在120-135℃,压力小于等于0.3mpa,环氧乙烷加料完毕,抽真空5min,降温得结构为醚头-PO-EO的二重嵌段式聚醚、结构为醚头-PO-EO-PO三重嵌段式聚醚、结构为醚头-PO-EO-PO-EO四重嵌段式聚醚或多重嵌段式聚醚;
所述的醚头为酚醛树脂、丙二醇、二乙烯三胺或双酚A;
步骤2.改性多重嵌段式聚醚的合成:
(1)在反应釜中加入改性溶剂载体二甲苯(工业级),将结构为醚头-PO-EO的二重嵌段式聚醚注入反应釜中,边注入边搅拌,待完全溶解均匀后升温到60℃;将二重嵌段式聚醚质量5-10%的改进剂DT1603加入反应釜中,边加注边搅拌,然后将相同醚头的结构为醚头-PO-EO-PO的三重嵌段式聚醚加注到反应釜内,边加注边搅拌,反应温度控制在65℃-70℃;加注完成后保温反应1h,得到以2-3型多重嵌段式改性聚醚;
(2)改变(1)中二重嵌段式聚醚、三重嵌段式聚醚的醚头,得到其它醚头的2-3型多重嵌段式改性聚醚;
(3)将相同醚头的二重嵌段式聚醚、三重嵌段式聚醚和四重嵌段式聚醚进行混聚改性,得2-3-4型多重嵌段式改性聚醚;
(4)改变(3)中的二重嵌段式聚醚、三重嵌段式聚醚和四重嵌段式聚醚的醚头进行混聚改性,得其它醚头的2-3-4型多重嵌段式改性聚醚;
步骤3.原油破乳剂的制备
将同醚头的2-3型多重嵌段式改性聚醚、2-3-4型多重嵌段式改性聚醚和其它醚头的2-3型多重嵌段式改性聚醚按质量3:1.5:2复配,然后和三乙醇胺、油酸、甲醇和水进行混合得到本低温原油破乳剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的低温破乳剂的制备方法,其特征在于:
所述的酚醛树脂醚头的合成:
将壬基酚加入反应釜,搅拌升温到40℃,加入50%氢氧化钠溶液;50℃时加入甲醛溶液,滴加时间在30-40min,滴加温度控制在℃50-70℃,加完甲醛在60-80℃保温反应30min,再升温到100℃,在100-120℃反应1h,真空脱水,温度150℃-155℃、时间1.5h,压力0.08mPa,通入氮气置换,得到酚醛树脂醚头。
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CN109609251B (zh) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-06-01 | 南京科润工业介质股份有限公司 | 一种用于轧制废液零排放的回收处理剂及处理方法 |
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