CN104292025B - Special water-holding and controlled-release fertilizer for wheat - Google Patents
Special water-holding and controlled-release fertilizer for wheat Download PDFInfo
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- CN104292025B CN104292025B CN201410595331.4A CN201410595331A CN104292025B CN 104292025 B CN104292025 B CN 104292025B CN 201410595331 A CN201410595331 A CN 201410595331A CN 104292025 B CN104292025 B CN 104292025B
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- fertilizer
- parts
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- controlled release
- wheat
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 65
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- RNIHAPSVIGPAFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide-acrylic acid resin Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C RNIHAPSVIGPAFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920006322 acrylamide copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- FWFGVMYFCODZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidanium;hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound O.OS(O)(=O)=O FWFGVMYFCODZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019710 soybean protein Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 102000038379 digestive enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108091007734 digestive enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- MPNNOLHYOHFJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxyphosphoric acid Chemical compound OOP(O)(O)=O MPNNOLHYOHFJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 14
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical group O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192334 Auxin Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000195474 Sargassum Species 0.000 description 1
- JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiamine Natural products CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/70—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting wettability, e.g. drying agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special water-holding and controlled-release fertilizer for wheat. The special water-holding and controlled- release fertilizer for wheat comprises an inner fertilizer layer, a middle water-holding layer and an outer controlled-release layer, wherein the outer controlled-release layer is made of degradable materials; the middle water-holding layer is made of super absorbent resin; the inner fertilizer layer is special compound fertilizer for wheat. According to the invention, after the special water-holding and controlled-release fertilizer for wheat is applied, with the degradation of the controlled-release layer, the special fertilizer for wheat is gradually released, so that the long-acting release of the fertilizer is ensured and the demand for fertilizer in the whole growing period of the wheat is met; the decomposition and release time of the fertilizer is prolonged; the improvement on utilization ratio of the fertilizer nutrients is facilitated; therefore, the purposes of prolonging the available period of the fertilizer and promoting agricultural increase in yield are reached; the special water-holding and controlled-release fertilizer for wheat has the water-holding function and can effectively inhibit moisture evaporation and reduce the seepage and loss of soil moisture; the special water holding controlled release fertilizer for wheat is nontoxic, safe, environmentally friendly, odourless, and does not pollute plants, soil or underground water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi is fertile, belong to crop fertilizer field.
Background technology
Semen Tritici aestivi is the general designation of wheat system plant, it is a kind of grass in extensively plantation all over the world, it is earliest one of crops of cultivation in the world, the caryopsis of Semen Tritici aestivi is one of staple food of the mankind, can make the foods such as bread, steamed bread, cookiess, noodles after wearing into flour；Medicated beer, ethanol, vodka is can be made into after fermentation, or raw matter fuel.Semen Tritici aestivi rich in starch, protein, fat, mineral, calcium, ferrum, thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, vitamin A and vitamin C etc..2010, Semen Tritici aestivi was the cereal crops (6.51 hundred million tons) that total output occupies second in the world, is only second to Semen Maydiss (8.44 hundred million tons).
Arid is the major issue of whole world concern.Since 1950's, with the drastically expansion of industrial fast development and population, what climate warming Arid Problem became becomes increasingly conspicuous.These problems promote various countries scientist begin one's study solve Arid Problem effective ways.Water-retaining agent itself is nontoxic, repeatedly releases water, water suction, and therefore agriculturally people liken " miniature reservoir " to it.Meanwhile, it can also absorb fertilizer, pesticide and slowly discharge, and increase fertilizer efficiency, drug effect.Absorbent composites produced in the eighties in 20th century.Because it can improve the salt tolerance of superabsorbency resin, absorption speed, many performances such as intensity of hydrogel after water suction, so quickly growing.In recent years have started to study the blending technology of absorbent polymer thing.These are that development high absorbency material provides more wide prospect.
Slow release chemical fertilizer refers to a kind of peplos (wrapping up in) type fertilizer according to plant growth characteristics design, it can slowly discharge element with the need fertilizer of crop different times in soil, crop is made to obtain different nutritional supplementation in different growing stages, thus decreasing the number of times of fertilising and the leaching loss of fertilizer.Its rate of release can be controlled, gradually decompose after being manured into soil, gradually utilize for Crop, enable nutrient in fertilizer to meet the different needs of each growth stage in the whole trophophase of crop, after applied once, fertilizer efficiency can maintain the several months to more than 1 year.
A kind of wheat special controlled release fertilizer of synchronous nutrient and preparation method thereof disclosed in ZL201010136254.8 is so that nutrients release in soil for the wheat special controlled release fertilizer absorbs synchronization with Semen Tritici aestivi.ZL201310616200.5
In disclose a kind of Semen Tritici aestivi special water holding controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, both can effective Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, can increase farmland tillaging layer water capacity again, improve WUEL, make wheat increase yield, section fertile.But existing Semen Tritici aestivi Controlled Release Fertilizer has that controlled-release effect is bad, the excessive problem of amount of application.
Shown according to relevant research, in farmland a large amount of administration unit fertilizer, its nutrient can not be effectively absorbed utilization by crop, some chemical substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, easily by soil consolidation, form various chemistry salinities, accumulate in soil, cause soil nutrient structural imbalance, physical behavior is deteriorated, and part plot poisonous metal and harmful levels of pathogens are exceeded, leads to soil property to deteriorate.Therefore, a kind of research special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi is fertile, meeting the demand to fertilizer for the whole trophophase of Semen Tritici aestivi, thus reducing the amount of application of fertilizer, having water retaining function, safety and environmental protection concurrently, it appears particularly necessary simultaneously.
Content of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi is fertile.After administration, with the degraded of controlled release layer, progressively discharge fertilizer specially for wheat, can long-acting discharge, meet the demand to fertilizer for the whole trophophase of Semen Tritici aestivi；Its water retaining function having, can effectively suppress moisture evaporation, decrease infiltration and the loss of soil moisture.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
The special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi is fertile, and including internal layer fertilizer, middle level water conservation layer and outer layer controlled release layer, described outer layer controlled release layer is made up of degradation material, and described middle level water conservation layer is made up of super absorbent resin, and described internal layer fertilizer is counted by weight, composed of the following components：32 ~ 37 parts of carbamide, 22 ~ 25 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 12 ~ 15 parts of ammonium sulfate, 17 ~ 21 parts of calcium superphosphate, 39 ~ 43 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 ~ 15 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 ~ 7 parts of kelp residue, 2 ~ 3 parts of basic zinc sulfate, 1 ~ 4 part of sulfuric acid monohydrate Asia manganese and 2 ~ 4 parts of copper sulfate.
In aforementioned special water holding controlled release fertilizer, internal layer fertilizer is counted by weight, composed of the following components：34 parts of carbamide, 24 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 13 parts of ammonium sulfate, 19 parts of calcium superphosphate, 41 parts of potassium sulfate, 8 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of kelp residue, 3 parts of basic zinc sulfate, 2 parts of sulfuric acid monohydrate Asia manganese and 3 parts of copper sulfate.
In aforementioned special water holding controlled release fertilizer, super absorbent resin is one or more of acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer, carboxymethylated cellulosic or soybean protein isolate.
In aforementioned special water holding controlled release fertilizer, acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer is super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer.
In aforementioned special water holding controlled release fertilizer, degradation material is copolymer, Starch grafted polycaprolactone copolymer or the starch-grafting polylactic acid of caprolactone and lactide.
In aforementioned special water holding controlled release fertilizer, starch-grafting polylactic acid is prepared by starch original position fusion-grafting polylactic acid, and described Starch grafted polycaprolactone copolymer is obtained by lipase-catalyzed synthesis.
Super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer is to adopt《The synthesis of super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer》（Yang Jinzong etc.,《Polymer material science and engineering》, the 5th phase in 2004）In method be obtained.
Starch grafted polycaprolactone copolymer adopts《Lipase-catalyzed synthesis starch/polycaprolactone graft copolymer》（Xu Ling etc.,《Polymer material science and engineering》, 07 phase in 2009）In lipase-catalyzed synthesis method obtain.
Starch-grafting polylactic acid shines《Starch original position fusion-grafting polylactic acid repercussion study》（Huang Lan is clear etc.,《Plastics science and technology》, the 4th phase in 2009）Middle method is obtained.
Caprolactone is shone with the copolymer of lactide《The preparation of polycaprolactone lactide copolymer and sign》（Etc.,《Modern chemical industry》, the 8th phase in 2012）Middle method is obtained.
Prepare the fertile method of the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi, comprise the following steps：（1）Each component in Semen Tritici aestivi composite fertilizer special is weighed in proportion, using disc granulation method, internal layer fertilizer is obtained final product by granulating disc pelletize.（2）Middle level water conservation layer is coated on internal layer fertilizer by the method for electrostatic spraying, and wherein, middle level water conservation layer not exclusively coats internal layer fertilizer.（3）By the method for electrostatic spraying by complete for outer layer controlled release layer encapsulation steps（2）Middle products therefrom, obtains the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi fertile.
The structural representation of Semen Tritici aestivi special water holding controlled release fertilizer granule, as shown in Figure 1.
Carbamide：It is current nitrogen content highest nitrogenous fertilizer.As a kind of neutral fertilizer, carbamide is applied to various soil and plant.It easily preserves, easy to use, and the destruction to soil is little, is a kind of larger chemical nitrogen fertilizer of current usage amount.
Ammonium hydrogen carbonate：As nitrogenous fertilizer it is adaptable to various soil, ammonium nitrogen and the carbon dioxide needed for plant growth can be provided simultaneously.
Ammonium sulfate：A kind of excellent nitrogenous fertilizer, it is adaptable to general soil and crop, can make shoot and leaf growth vigorous, improves fruit quality and yield, strengthen the resistivity to disaster for the crop, can make base manure, topdress and seed manure.
Kelp residue：Kelp processing mainly extracts iodine, and this process can produce substantial amounts of garbage kelp residue simultaneously.Its main component is alginate fibre, protein, Sargassum polysaccharides, shitosan, polyphenol, glycine betaine etc..Produce fertilizer using kelp residue, not only reduce the pollution to environment moreover it is possible to make full use of many of unemployed nutrient substance and active component.Effectively turn waste into wealth, meet the requirement of green sustainable production development.
Basic zinc sulfate：Zinc remote-effects in crop body the synthesis of auxin, and the growth cellulose content in stem and bud when crop zinc deficiency reduces, and growth stays cool, and plant is short and small；Zinc is also the activator of many enzymes simultaneously, by producing wide influence to plant carbon and nitrogen metabolism, hence helps to photosynthesis；Zinc also can strengthen the resistance of plant simultaneously；Improve kernel weight, change the ratio of seed and cane.
Sulfuric acid monohydrate Asia manganese：Manganese is one of plant essential nutrient element.Manganese is with Mn2+Form be absorbed by plants.In plant body, the mobility of manganese is less, but than calcium, boron, copper is easy moves.Manganese controls the many redox reaction in plant body, or the activator of many enzymes, and directly participates in the photodissociation of water in photosynthesis, and manganese is also the constituent of chloroplast.Manganese fertilizer is applied, water retention significantly improves, and water-use ratio reduces in wheat planting.
Copper sulfate：Copper is one of requisite trace element of Growth of Wheat, is the ingredient of enzyme in plant body, and it can improve the chlorophyllous concentration of plant, strengthen the photosynthesis of chloroplast, promote the synthesis of protein, strengthen cold-resistant, drought resisting, lodging resistance, and the resistivity to fungal disease.Semen Tritici aestivi lacks copper, and root growth can be made weak, leaf chlorosis, is in the milk not enough, the period of maturation postpones, wheat head distortion deformity, and seed sky is flat etc., has a strong impact on yield.
Water-retaining agent：Water-retaining agent is water insoluble, but energy absorption phase becomes the water of Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae when own wt. water-retaining agent can effectively suppress moisture evaporation. after penetrating into water-retaining agent in soil, inhibit moisture evaporation to a great extent, improve saturated soil water content, reduce the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil, thus slow down the speed that soil discharges water, decrease infiltration and the loss of soil moisture, reach the purpose of water conservation. crop root growth and growth can also be stimulated, the length making root increases, bar number increases, and keeps preferable growing way under drought condition.
From commercially available fertilizer specially for wheat as a control group, from two blocks of soil identical soils as experimental plot, the fertilizer specially for wheat of matched group and the present invention, the growth course of observation Semen Tritici aestivi are applied respectively.Result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Sample | Rate of growth | Fertilizer utilization increase rate | Amount of application reduction rate | Whether topdress | Mass of 1000 kernel | Color and luster | Full grains degree | Water consumption reduction rate |
| Matched group | — | — | — | It is | 33.24g | Color is shallow | Fuller | — |
| The present invention | 13.7% | 8.3% | 43% | No | 45.36g | Color depth | Full | 22.5% |
As shown in Table 1, in the whole growth course of Semen Tritici aestivi, the fertilizer specially for wheat applying the present invention only need to apply the growth demand that once can meet Semen Tritici aestivi, and amount of application reduces.And apply the fertilizer of matched group hence it is evident that de- fertile phenomenon occurs, need to topdress.Apply the fertilizer specially for wheat of the present invention, plant strain growth is good, substantially, gained productivity ratio matched group averagely increases by 13.7% for volume increase.Its color is partially deep, and seed is hard, shows that protein content is high.
The invention has benefit that：The special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi that the present invention provides is fertile.After administration, with the degraded of controlled release layer, progressively discharge fertilizer specially for wheat it is ensured that the long-acting release of fertilizer, meet the demand to fertilizer for the whole trophophase of Semen Tritici aestivi；The decomposition of fertilizer, release time is made to extend, be conducive to improving the utilization rate of fertilizer nutrient, thus reaching the purpose extending fertilizer effect duration, promoting agricultural produce, the fertilizer specially for wheat applying the present invention only need to apply the growth demand that once can meet Semen Tritici aestivi, and amount of application reduces.Substantially, gained productivity ratio matched group averagely increases by 13.7% for volume increase.Its color is partially deep, and seed is hard, and protein content is high.Its water retaining function having, can effectively suppress moisture evaporation, decrease infiltration and the loss of soil moisture.Nontoxic, safety and environmental protection, nonpoisonous and tasteless, not Pollution Plant, soil and groundwater.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the Semen Tritici aestivi special water holding controlled release fertilizer granule of the present invention；
The implication of in figure reference：1 outer layer controlled release layer, 2 middle level water conservation layers, 3 internal layer fertilizer.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further introduced.
Embodiment 1
The special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi is fertile, and including internal layer fertilizer 3, middle level water conservation layer 2 and outer layer controlled release layer 1, described outer layer controlled release layer 1 is made up of degradation material, and consumption is 20kg, and degradation material is the copolymer of caprolactone and lactide.Caprolactone is shone with the copolymer of lactide《The preparation of polycaprolactone lactide copolymer and sign》（Etc.,《Modern chemical industry》, the 8th phase in 2012）Middle method is obtained.Described middle level water conservation layer 2 is made up of super absorbent resin, and consumption is 15kg, and super absorbent resin is acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer.Acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer is super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer.Super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer is to adopt《The synthesis of super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer》（Yang Jinzong etc.,《Polymer material science and engineering》, the 5th phase in 2004）In method be obtained.Described internal layer fertilizer 3 is composed of the following components：Carbamide 32kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 22kg, ammonium sulfate 12kg, calcium superphosphate 17kg, potassium sulfate 43kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 15kg, kelp residue 7kg, basic zinc sulfate 3kg, sulfuric acid monohydrate Asia manganese 4kg and copper sulfate 4kg.
Prepare the fertile method of the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi, comprise the following steps：（1）Each component in Semen Tritici aestivi composite fertilizer special is weighed in proportion, using disc granulation method, internal layer fertilizer 3 is obtained final product by granulating disc pelletize.（2）Middle level water conservation layer 2 is coated on internal layer fertilizer 3 by the method for electrostatic spraying, and wherein, middle level water conservation layer 2 not exclusively coats internal layer fertilizer 3.（3）By the method for electrostatic spraying by complete for outer layer controlled release layer 1 encapsulation steps（2）Middle products therefrom, obtains the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi fertile.
Embodiment 2
The special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi is fertile, and including internal layer fertilizer 3, middle level water conservation layer 2 and outer layer controlled release layer 1, described outer layer controlled release layer 1 is made up of degradation material, and consumption is 20kg, and degradation material is Starch grafted polycaprolactone copolymer.Described Starch grafted polycaprolactone copolymer adopts《Lipase-catalyzed synthesis starch/polycaprolactone graft copolymer》（Xu Ling etc.,《Polymer material science and engineering》, 07 phase in 2009）In lipase-catalyzed synthesis method obtain.Described middle level water conservation layer 2 is made up of super absorbent resin, and consumption is 15kg, and super absorbent resin is carboxymethylated cellulosic.Described internal layer fertilizer 3 is composed of the following components：Carbamide 37kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 25kg, ammonium sulfate 15kg, calcium superphosphate 21kg, potassium sulfate 39kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 6kg, kelp residue 5kg, basic zinc sulfate 2kg, sulfuric acid monohydrate Asia manganese 1kg and copper sulfate 2kg.
Prepare the fertile method of the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi, comprise the following steps：（1）Each component in Semen Tritici aestivi composite fertilizer special is weighed in proportion, using disc granulation method, internal layer fertilizer 3 is obtained final product by granulating disc pelletize.（2）Middle level water conservation layer 2 is coated on internal layer fertilizer 3 by the method for electrostatic spraying, and wherein, middle level water conservation layer 2 not exclusively coats internal layer fertilizer 3.（3）By the method for electrostatic spraying by complete for outer layer controlled release layer 1 encapsulation steps（2）Middle products therefrom, obtains the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi fertile.
Embodiment 3
The special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi is fertile, and including internal layer fertilizer 3, middle level water conservation layer 2 and outer layer controlled release layer 1, described outer layer controlled release layer 1 is made up of degradation material, and consumption is 20kg, and degradation material is starch-grafting polylactic acid.Starch-grafting polylactic acid shines《Starch original position fusion-grafting polylactic acid repercussion study》（Huang Lan is clear etc.,《Plastics science and technology》, the 4th phase in 2009）Middle method is obtained.Described middle level water conservation layer 2 is made up of super absorbent resin, and consumption is 15kg, and super absorbent resin is soybean protein isolate.Described internal layer fertilizer 3 is composed of the following components：Carbamide 34kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 24kg, ammonium sulfate 13kg, calcium superphosphate 19kg, potassium sulfate 41kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 8kg, kelp residue 6kg, basic zinc sulfate 3kg, sulfuric acid monohydrate Asia manganese 2kg and copper sulfate 3kg.
Prepare the fertile method of the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi, comprise the following steps：（1）Each component in Semen Tritici aestivi composite fertilizer special is weighed in proportion, using disc granulation method, internal layer fertilizer 3 is obtained final product by granulating disc pelletize.（2）Middle level water conservation layer 2 is coated on internal layer fertilizer 3 by the method for electrostatic spraying, and wherein, middle level water conservation layer 2 not exclusively coats internal layer fertilizer 3.（3）By the method for electrostatic spraying by complete for outer layer controlled release layer 1 encapsulation steps（2）Middle products therefrom, obtains the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi fertile.
Embodiment 4
The special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi is fertile, and including internal layer fertilizer 3, middle level water conservation layer 2 and outer layer controlled release layer 1, described outer layer controlled release layer 1 is made up of degradation material, and consumption is 20kg, and degradation material is Starch grafted polycaprolactone copolymer.Described Starch grafted polycaprolactone copolymer adopts《Lipase-catalyzed synthesis starch/polycaprolactone graft copolymer》（Xu Ling etc.,《Polymer material science and engineering》, 07 phase in 2009）In lipase-catalyzed synthesis method obtain.Described middle level water conservation layer 2 is made up of super absorbent resin, and consumption is 15kg, and super absorbent resin is acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer and carboxymethylated cellulosic, mixes according to mass ratio 1: 1.Acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer is super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer.Super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer is to adopt《The synthesis of super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer》（Yang Jinzong etc.,《Polymer material science and engineering》, the 5th phase in 2004）In method be obtained.Described internal layer fertilizer 3 is composed of the following components：Carbamide 35kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 23kg, ammonium sulfate 14kg, calcium superphosphate 18kg, potassium sulfate 40kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 7kg, kelp residue 6kg, basic zinc sulfate 2kg, sulfuric acid monohydrate Asia manganese 3kg and copper sulfate 4kg.
Prepare the fertile method of the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi, comprise the following steps：（1）Each component in Semen Tritici aestivi composite fertilizer special is weighed in proportion, using disc granulation method, internal layer fertilizer 3 is obtained final product by granulating disc pelletize.（2）Middle level water conservation layer 2 is coated on internal layer fertilizer 3 by the method for electrostatic spraying, and wherein, middle level water conservation layer 2 not exclusively coats internal layer fertilizer 3.（3）By the method for electrostatic spraying by complete for outer layer controlled release layer 1 encapsulation steps（2）Middle products therefrom, obtains the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi fertile.
Embodiment 5
The special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi is fertile, and including internal layer fertilizer 3, middle level water conservation layer 2 and outer layer controlled release layer 1, described outer layer controlled release layer 1 is made up of degradation material, and consumption is 20kg, and degradation material is the copolymer of caprolactone and lactide.Caprolactone is shone with the copolymer of lactide《The preparation of polycaprolactone lactide copolymer and sign》（Etc.,《Modern chemical industry》, the 8th phase in 2012）Middle method is obtained.Described middle level water conservation layer 2 is made up of super absorbent resin, and consumption is 15kg, and super absorbent resin is carboxymethylated cellulosic and soybean protein isolate, mixes according to mass ratio 2: 1.Described internal layer fertilizer 3 is composed of the following components：Carbamide 36kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 23kg, ammonium sulfate 12kg, calcium superphosphate 20kg, potassium sulfate 41kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 9kg, kelp residue 5kg, basic zinc sulfate 3kg, sulfuric acid monohydrate Asia manganese 1kg and copper sulfate 2kg.
Prepare the fertile method of the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi, comprise the following steps：（1）Each component in Semen Tritici aestivi composite fertilizer special is weighed in proportion, using disc granulation method, internal layer fertilizer 3 is obtained final product by granulating disc pelletize.（2）Middle level water conservation layer 2 is coated on internal layer fertilizer 3 by the method for electrostatic spraying, and wherein, middle level water conservation layer 2 not exclusively coats internal layer fertilizer 3.（3）By the method for electrostatic spraying by complete for outer layer controlled release layer 1 encapsulation steps（2）Middle products therefrom, obtains the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi fertile.
Embodiment 6
The special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi is fertile, and including internal layer fertilizer 3, middle level water conservation layer 2 and outer layer controlled release layer 1, described outer layer controlled release layer 1 is made up of degradation material, and consumption is 20kg, and degradation material is the copolymer of caprolactone and lactide.Described middle level water conservation layer 2 is made up of super absorbent resin, and consumption is 15kg, and super absorbent resin is acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer and soybean protein isolate, mixes according to mass ratio 2: 3.Acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer is super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer.Super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer is to adopt《The synthesis of super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer》（Yang Jinzong etc.,《Polymer material science and engineering》, the 5th phase in 2004）In method be obtained.Described internal layer fertilizer 3 is composed of the following components：Carbamide 33kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 22kg, ammonium sulfate 15kg, calcium superphosphate 17kg, potassium sulfate 42kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 11kg, kelp residue 6kg, basic zinc sulfate 3kg, sulfuric acid monohydrate Asia manganese 2kg and copper sulfate 3kg.
Prepare the fertile method of the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi, comprise the following steps：（1）Each component in Semen Tritici aestivi composite fertilizer special is weighed in proportion, using disc granulation method, internal layer fertilizer 3 is obtained final product by granulating disc pelletize.（2）Middle level water conservation layer 2 is coated on internal layer fertilizer 3 by the method for electrostatic spraying, and wherein, middle level water conservation layer 2 not exclusively coats internal layer fertilizer 3.（3）By the method for electrostatic spraying by complete for outer layer controlled release layer 1 encapsulation steps（2）Middle products therefrom, obtains the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi fertile.
Embodiment 7
The special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi is fertile, and including internal layer fertilizer 3, middle level water conservation layer 2 and outer layer controlled release layer 1, described outer layer controlled release layer 1 is made up of degradation material, and consumption is 20kg, and degradation material is Starch grafted polycaprolactone copolymer.Described Starch grafted polycaprolactone copolymer adopts《Lipase-catalyzed synthesis starch/polycaprolactone graft copolymer》（Xu Ling etc.,《Polymer material science and engineering》, 07 phase in 2009）In lipase-catalyzed synthesis method obtain.Described middle level water conservation layer 2 is made up of super absorbent resin, and consumption is 15kg, and super absorbent resin is acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer, carboxymethylated cellulosic and soybean protein isolate, mixes according to mass ratio 1: 1: 1.Acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer is super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer.Super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer is to adopt《The synthesis of super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer》（Yang Jinzong etc.,《Polymer material science and engineering》, the 5th phase in 2004）In method be obtained.Described internal layer fertilizer 3 is composed of the following components：Carbamide 32 ~ 37kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 24kg, ammonium sulfate 12kg, calcium superphosphate 21kg, potassium sulfate 39kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 6 ~ 15kg, kelp residue 5kg, basic zinc sulfate 2kg, sulfuric acid monohydrate Asia manganese 3kg and copper sulfate 4kg.
Prepare the fertile method of the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi, comprise the following steps：（1）Each component in Semen Tritici aestivi composite fertilizer special is weighed in proportion, using disc granulation method, internal layer fertilizer 3 is obtained final product by granulating disc pelletize.（2）Middle level water conservation layer 2 is coated on internal layer fertilizer 3 by the method for electrostatic spraying, and wherein, middle level water conservation layer 2 not exclusively coats internal layer fertilizer 3.（3）By the method for electrostatic spraying by complete for outer layer controlled release layer 1 encapsulation steps（2）Middle products therefrom, obtains the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi fertile.
Embodiment 8
The special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi is fertile, and including internal layer fertilizer 3, middle level water conservation layer 2 and outer layer controlled release layer 1, described outer layer controlled release layer 1 is made up of degradation material, and consumption is 20kg, and degradation material is starch-grafting polylactic acid.Starch-grafting polylactic acid shines《Starch original position fusion-grafting polylactic acid repercussion study》（Huang Lan is clear etc.,《Plastics science and technology》, the 4th phase in 2009）Middle method is obtained.Described middle level water conservation layer 2 is made up of super absorbent resin, and consumption is 15kg, and super absorbent resin is acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer.Acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer is super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer.Described internal layer fertilizer 3 is composed of the following components：Carbamide 32 ~ 37kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 25kg, ammonium sulfate 14kg, calcium superphosphate 19kg, potassium sulfate 43kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 14kg, kelp residue 7kg, basic zinc sulfate 3kg, sulfuric acid monohydrate Asia manganese 4kg and copper sulfate 2kg.
Prepare the fertile method of the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi, comprise the following steps：（1）Each component in Semen Tritici aestivi composite fertilizer special is weighed in proportion, using disc granulation method, internal layer fertilizer 3 is obtained final product by granulating disc pelletize.（2）Middle level water conservation layer 2 is coated on internal layer fertilizer 3 by the method for electrostatic spraying, and wherein, middle level water conservation layer 2 not exclusively coats internal layer fertilizer 3.（3）By the method for electrostatic spraying by complete for outer layer controlled release layer 1 encapsulation steps（2）Middle products therefrom, obtains the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi fertile.
Claims (6)
1. the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi fertile it is characterised in that：Including internal layer fertilizer, middle level water conservation layer and outer layer controlled release layer,
Described outer layer controlled release layer is made up of degradation material, and described middle level water conservation layer is made up of super absorbent resin, described interior
Layer fertilizer, counts by weight, composed of the following components：34～37 parts of carbamide, 22～24 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, sulfur
13～15 parts of sour ammonium, 19～21 parts of calcium superphosphate, 41～43 parts of potassium sulfate, 8～15 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, Thallus Laminariae (Thallus Eckloniae)
6～7 parts of slag, 2～3 parts of basic zinc sulfate, 1～4 part of sulfuric acid monohydrate Asia manganese and 2～4 parts of copper sulfate.
2. the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi according to claim 1 fertile it is characterised in that：Described internal layer fertilizer, by weight
Amount number meter, composed of the following components：34 parts of carbamide, 24 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 13 parts of ammonium sulfate, peroxophosphoric acid
19 parts of calcium, 41 parts of potassium sulfate, 8 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of kelp residue, 3 parts of basic zinc sulfate, a water
2 parts of manganous sulphate and 3 parts of copper sulfate.
3. the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi according to claim 1 fertile it is characterised in that：Described super absorbent resin is
One or more of acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer, carboxymethylated cellulosic or soybean protein isolate.
4. the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi according to claim 3 fertile it is characterised in that：Described acrylic acid-acrylic acyl
Amine copolymer thing is super high molecular weight starch graft acrylamide-acrylic copolymer.
5. the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi according to claim 1 fertile it is characterised in that：Described degradation material is own
The copolymer of lactone and lactide, Starch grafted polycaprolactone copolymer or starch-grafting polylactic acid.
6. the special water holding controlled release of Semen Tritici aestivi according to claim 5 fertile it is characterised in that：Described starch-grafting polylactic acid
Prepared by starch original position fusion-grafting polylactic acid, described Starch grafted polycaprolactone copolymer is urged by Digestive Enzyme
It is combined to obtain.
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| CN106278661A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 贵阳开磷化肥有限公司 | A kind of Fructus Capsici film-coated and slow release fertilizer |
| CN106747815A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽徽普生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of fertilizer that can lift wheat Se content |
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