CN104290364B - 一种抗光老化的塑料丝及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗光老化的塑料丝及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104290364B
CN104290364B CN201410527371.5A CN201410527371A CN104290364B CN 104290364 B CN104290364 B CN 104290364B CN 201410527371 A CN201410527371 A CN 201410527371A CN 104290364 B CN104290364 B CN 104290364B
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段海英
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NINGXIA RUNLONG PACKAGING NEW MATERIAL Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗光老化的塑料丝，包括内侧的柔性内芯和外侧的抗光老化表层，柔性内芯和抗光老化表层之间设置有过渡层。本发明还公开了一种抗光老化的塑料丝的制备方法，采用了分层制备的方式。本发明能够改进现有技术的不足，提高塑料丝的抗光老化性能。

Description

一种抗光老化的塑料丝及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料制程技术领域，尤其是一种抗光老化的塑料丝及其制备方法。
背景技术
塑料丝广泛应用在产品包装、交通运输、工农业生产等多个领域。塑料丝在长时间强光照射下会发生快速老化，究其原因是因为紫外线的照射作用。现有技术中通过添加系外线吸收剂，对紫外线进行吸收。但是，由于为了保证塑料丝本身的韧性和强度，紫外线吸收剂可添加的量极少，这就限制了塑料丝对于光照的抗老化性能。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种抗光老化的塑料丝及其制备方法，能够解决现有技术的不足，提高塑料丝的抗光老化性能。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采取的技术方案如下。
一种抗光老化的塑料丝，包括内侧的柔性内芯和外侧的抗光老化表层，柔性内芯和抗光老化表层之间设置有过渡层。
作为优选，所述柔性内芯包括下述重量份数的组分，ABS树脂250～400份，2-酮戊二酸10～20份，2,4-二硝苯肼10～20份，豆蔻酸甘油酯50～70份，4-甲基乙酰苯胺30～60份。
作为优选，所述抗光老化表层包括下述重量份数的组分，聚丙烯100～150份，三亚磷酸酯20～25份，苯并三氮唑10～15份，3-氨基甲酰甲基-5-甲基-己酸15～20份，2,4,6-三氯酚10～15份，安息香甲基醚25～35份。
作为优选，所述过渡层包括ABS树脂110～150份，聚丙烯60～80份，二苯氨基脲3～5份，帕潘立酮10～20份，5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶40～65份，5-氯代苯并三唑20～30份。
上述抗光老化的塑料丝的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
A、将柔性内芯的原料加热熔化，注入搅拌机搅拌均匀，然后通过挤出机挤出成型；挤出的压力为2～3bar，挤出速度为30～70mL/s，挤出后的成型温度保持在50℃～55℃，成型时间持续3小时，然后降至室温冷却；
B、将过渡层的原料加热熔化，注入搅拌机搅拌均匀，然后将过渡层的原料分三次均匀喷涂在成型的柔性内芯外侧；第一次喷涂时，使用过渡层原料的10％，喷涂时柔性内芯的温度保持在40℃～45℃；第二次喷涂时，使用过渡层原料的60％，第三次喷涂时，使用过渡层原料的30％，进行第二次喷涂和第三次喷涂时，柔性内芯保持室温；
C、将过渡层的表面进行打磨，使其粗糙度Ra的值保持在150～200之间。
D、将抗光老化表层的原料加热熔化，注入搅拌机搅拌均匀，然后使用挤出机挤出成型；挤出的压力为4～4.5bar，挤出速度为120～150mL/s，挤出成型时，柔性内芯和过渡层保持室温。
采用上述技术方案所带来的有益效果在于：本发明通过改进塑料丝的成分组成，将整个塑料丝分成三部分进行制备，柔性内芯可以保证塑料丝拥有良好的韧性和抗拉强度，抗光老化表层通过在原有塑料材料基础上的改性，提高了紫外线吸收能力，过渡层通过与柔性内芯和抗光老化表层的交联作用，提高了整个塑料丝的一体性。
附图说明
图1是本发明一个具体实施方式的结构图。
图中：1、柔性内芯；2、抗光老化表层；3、过渡层。
具体实施方式
参照图1，本发明提供的抗光老化塑料丝的结构包括内侧的柔性内芯1和外侧的抗光老化表层2，柔性内芯1和抗光老化表层2之间设置有过渡层3。
实施例1
所述柔性内芯1包括下述重量份数的组分，ABS树脂330份，2-酮戊二酸11份，2,4-二硝苯肼16份，豆蔻酸甘油酯65份，4-甲基乙酰苯胺35份。抗光老化表层2包括下述重量份数的组分，聚丙烯140份，三亚磷酸酯22份，苯并三氮唑12份，3-氨基甲酰甲基-5-甲基-己酸18份，2,4,6-三氯酚14份，安息香甲基醚33份。过渡层3包括ABS树脂120份，聚丙烯76份，二苯氨基脲3份，帕潘立酮11份，5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶48份，5-氯代苯并三唑26份。
制备方法为：
A、将ABS树脂加热熔化，然后加入8份2,4-二硝苯肼，搅拌均匀，然后加入2-酮戊二酸和豆蔻酸甘油酯，搅拌均匀，最后再加入注入8份2,4-二硝苯肼，搅拌均匀，静置15min使原料组分充分融合，然后通过挤出机挤出成型；挤出的压力为2.3bar，挤出速度为55mL/s，挤出后的成型温度保持在50℃，成型时间持续3小时，然后降至室温冷却；
B、将ABS树脂和聚丙烯加热熔化，搅拌均匀，然后加入1份二苯氨基脲和5份5-氯代苯并三唑，搅拌10min，然后加入1份二苯氨基脲、11份帕潘立酮和20份5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶，搅拌20min，最后加入1份二苯氨基脲、28份5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶和21份5-氯代苯并三唑，搅拌10min，然后将过渡层3的原料分三次均匀喷涂在成型的柔性内芯1外侧；第一次喷涂时，使用过渡层3原料的10％，喷涂时柔性内芯1的温度保持在40℃；第二次喷涂时，使用过渡层3原料的60％，第三次喷涂时，使用过渡层3原料的30％，进行第二次喷涂和第三次喷涂时，柔性内芯1保持室温；喷涂过程中过渡层3原料保持持续搅拌；
C、将过渡层3的表面进行打磨，使其粗糙度Ra的值保持在160。
D、将聚丙烯加热熔化，然后将剩余原料组份平均分为三次注入搅拌机搅拌，每次搅拌20min，然后使用挤出机挤出成型；挤出的压力为4.2bar，挤出速度为130mL/s，挤出成型时，柔性内芯1和过渡层3保持室温。
实施例2
所述柔性内芯1包括下述重量份数的组分，ABS树脂260份，2-酮戊二酸19份，2,4-二硝苯肼18份，豆蔻酸甘油酯55份，4-甲基乙酰苯胺43份。抗光老化表层2包括下述重量份数的组分，聚丙烯110份，三亚磷酸酯25份，苯并三氮唑14份，3-氨基甲酰甲基-5-甲基-己酸13份，2,4,6-三氯酚11份，安息香甲基醚25份。过渡层3包括ABS树脂145份，聚丙烯62份，二苯氨基脲4份，帕潘立酮15份，5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶55份，5-氯代苯并三唑21份。
制备方法为：
A、将ABS树脂加热熔化，然后加入9份2,4-二硝苯肼，搅拌均匀，然后加入2-酮戊二酸和豆蔻酸甘油酯，搅拌均匀，最后再加入注入9份2,4-二硝苯肼，搅拌均匀，静置15min使原料组分充分融合，然后通过挤出机挤出成型；挤出的压力为2.1bar，挤出速度为35mL/s，挤出后的成型温度保持在50℃，成型时间持续3小时，然后降至室温冷却；
B、将ABS树脂和聚丙烯加热熔化，搅拌均匀，然后加入1份二苯氨基脲和10份5-氯代苯并三唑，搅拌10min，然后加入2份二苯氨基脲、5份帕潘立酮和20份5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶，搅拌20min，最后加入1份二苯氨基脲、35份5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶、11份5-氯代苯并三唑和10份帕潘立酮，搅拌10min，然后将过渡层3的原料分三次均匀喷涂在成型的柔性内芯1外侧；第一次喷涂时，使用过渡层3原料的20％，喷涂时柔性内芯1的温度保持在40℃；第二次喷涂时，使用过渡层3原料的60％，第三次喷涂时，使用过渡层3原料的20％，进行第二次喷涂和第三次喷涂时，柔性内芯1保持室温；喷涂过程中过渡层3原料保持持续搅拌；
C、将过渡层3的表面进行打磨，使其粗糙度Ra的值保持在175。
D、将聚丙烯加热熔化，然后将剩余原料组份平均分为三次注入搅拌机搅拌，每次搅拌20min，然后使用挤出机挤出成型；挤出的压力为4.1bar，挤出速度为140mL/s，挤出成型时，柔性内芯1和过渡层3保持室温。
实施例3
柔性内芯1包括下述重量份数的组分，ABS树脂390份，2-酮戊二酸15份，2,4-二硝苯肼11份，豆蔻酸甘油酯50份，4-甲基乙酰苯胺57份。抗光老化表层2包括下述重量份数的组分，聚丙烯120份，三亚磷酸酯21份，苯并三氮唑10份，3-氨基甲酰甲基-5-甲基-己酸16份，2,4,6-三氯酚13份，安息香甲基醚30份。过渡层3包括ABS树脂125份，聚丙烯70份，二苯氨基脲5份，帕潘立酮19份，5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶62份，5-氯代苯并三唑28份。
制备方法为：
A、将ABS树脂加热熔化，然后加入5份2,4-二硝苯肼，搅拌均匀，然后加入2-酮戊二酸和豆蔻酸甘油酯，搅拌均匀，最后再加入注入6份2,4-二硝苯肼，搅拌均匀，静置15min使原料组分充分融合，然后通过挤出机挤出成型；挤出的压力为2.85bar，挤出速度为70mL/s，挤出后的成型温度保持在50℃，成型时间持续3小时，然后降至室温冷却；
B、将ABS树脂和聚丙烯加热熔化，搅拌均匀，然后加入2份二苯氨基脲，搅拌10min，然后加入全部5-氯代苯并三唑，搅拌20min，然后加入2份二苯氨基脲、10份帕潘立酮和30份5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶，搅拌20min，最后加入1份二苯氨基脲、32份5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶和9份帕潘立酮，搅拌10min，然后将过渡层3的原料分三次均匀喷涂在成型的柔性内芯1外侧；第一次喷涂时，使用过渡层3原料的20％，喷涂时柔性内芯1的温度保持在40℃；第二次喷涂时，使用过渡层3原料的60％，第三次喷涂时，使用过渡层3原料的20％，进行第二次喷涂和第三次喷涂时，柔性内芯1保持室温；喷涂过程中过渡层3原料保持持续搅拌；
C、将过渡层3的表面进行打磨，使其粗糙度Ra的值保持在190。
D、将聚丙烯加热熔化，然后将剩余原料组份平均分为三次注入搅拌机搅拌，每次搅拌20min，然后使用挤出机挤出成型；挤出的压力为4.4bar，挤出速度为150mL/s，挤出成型时，柔性内芯1和过渡层3保持室温。
本发明使用2,4-二硝苯肼对ABS树脂进行改性，提高其抗拉强度，2-酮戊二酸可以提高ABS树脂的抗氧化性，豆蔻酸甘油酯作为相容剂提高了整个柔性内芯的均匀度。聚丙烯具有较高的强度，在外表面可以提高塑料丝的耐磨度，三亚磷酸酯和苯并三氮唑作为紫外线吸收剂，可以对紫外线进行吸收，三氯酚可以提高三亚磷酸酯和苯并三氮唑在聚丙烯内的相容度，减小三亚磷酸酯和苯并三氮唑对聚丙烯本身强度的削弱。3-氨基甲酰甲基-5-甲基-己酸可提高表层的斥水性，安息香甲基醚可以使三亚磷酸酯和苯并三氮唑在挤出成型时与过渡层形成相容区，提高三亚磷酸酯和苯并三氮唑在整个塑料丝内的分布深度，从而提高紫外线的吸收强度。过渡层使用ABS树脂和聚丙烯的混合组分，可以实现与柔性内芯和抗光老化表层的相互连接强度，帕潘立酮可以是过渡层具有良好的热稳定性，5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶与豆蔻酸甘油酯可相互交联，提高过度层与柔性内芯的连接力，二苯氨基脲和5-氯代苯并三唑可提高ABS树脂和聚丙烯的相容度。
其中，ABS树脂采购自北京恒业中远化工有限公司，2-酮戊二酸和2,4-二硝苯肼采购自上海迈瑞尔化学技术有限公司，豆蔻酸甘油酯采购自上海同田生物技术有限公司，4-甲基乙酰苯胺和聚丙烯采购自北京华威锐化工有限公司，三亚磷酸酯采购自上海浦东润路化工厂，苯并三氮唑采购自天津中信凯泰化工有限公司，3-氨基甲酰甲基-5-甲基-己酸采购自浙江省三门腾龙化工有限公司，2,4,6-三氯酚采购自赛默飞世尔科技(中国)有限公司，安息香甲基醚采购自百灵威科技有限公司，二苯氨基脲采购自大连美仑生物技术有限公司，帕潘立酮采购自孝感深远化工有限公司，5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶采购自北京偶合科技有限公司，5-氯代苯并三唑采购自阿达玛斯试剂有限公司。
将现有技术中仅添加紫外线吸收剂的ABS树脂塑料丝与本发明中三个实施例的塑料丝进行光老化试验(紫外线强度500μW/cm，2照射时间100h，试验样品数均为100个，试验结构取平均值)，对实验前后的抗拉强度进行对比：
组别 试验前抗拉强度(N/mm2) 试验后抗拉强度(N/mm2)
现有技术 3500 1235
实施例1 4200 3880
实施例2 4500 4200
实施例3 4500 4250
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (3)

1.一种抗光老化的塑料丝，其特征在于：包括内侧的柔性内芯(1)和外侧的抗光老化表层(2)，柔性内芯(1)和抗光老化表层(2)之间设置有过渡层(3)，所述柔性内芯(1)包括下述重量份数的组分，ABS树脂250～400份，2-酮戊二酸10～20份，2,4-二硝苯肼10～20份，豆蔻酸甘油酯50～70份，4-甲基乙酰苯胺30～60份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗光老化的塑料丝，其特征在于：所述抗光老化表层(2)包括下述重量份数的组分，聚丙烯100～150份，三亚磷酸酯20～25份，苯并三氮唑10～15份，3-氨基甲酰甲基-5-甲基-己酸15～20份，2,4,6-三氯酚10～15份，安息香甲基醚25～35份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗光老化的塑料丝，其特征在于：所述过渡层(3)包括ABS树脂110～150份，聚丙烯60～80份，二苯氨基脲3～5份，帕潘立酮10～20份，5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶40～65份，5-氯代苯并三唑20～30份。
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