CN104285775A - Rapid cultivating method for high-yield and high-quality multiple resistant rice restorer - Google Patents
Rapid cultivating method for high-yield and high-quality multiple resistant rice restorer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rapid cultivating method for a high-yield and high-quality multiple resistant rice restorer. The method comprises the steps of selecting eight rice species having the characters of high yield, high quality, insect resistance and disease resistance as parents, hybridizing every two parents with different target characters to obtain four first-filial generations F1; hybridizing every two of the four F1 to obtain two composite cross generations F1; performing molecular marker-assisted selection on the two composite cross generations F1 single plants in a seedling stage, screening two composite cross generations F1 integrating target genes, carrying out matched hybrid to obtain multiple composite cross generations F1; performing molecular marker-assisted selection on the multiple composite cross generations F1 single plants in a seedling stage to obtain a single plant integrating all target genes, carrying out anther culture to obtain H0 generation anther-culture lines, screening diploid lines; performing molecular marker-assisted selection, agronomic characters, quality and resistance screening on H1 generations to obtain a target high-yield and high-quality multiple resistant rice restorer, carrying out combined test with a series of two-line sterile lines, and screening out advantageous combination.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of rice restorer, belong to molecular cell field of plant variety breeding technology, particularly relate to a kind of fast breeding method of high yield and high quality multi-resistant rice restorer, be specifically applicable to high yield and high quality how anti-two be the quickly breeding of restorer.
Background technology
Paddy rice is one of most important cereal crops in the world, is the staple food of China's population over half.Along with the continuous increase of world population, global arable area reduces year by year, and natural calamity takes place frequently, and grain increases increasingly slow, and grain security has become the hot issue of international community's common concern.About the long-term cultivated area of China hybrid rice accounts for the half of Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area, output exceedes 60% of paddy rice gross yield, and the Breeding and application of China hybrid rice is that important contribution has been made in the grain-production in China and even the world.When Cultivated Land Area Decrease, the main path improving total grain output still utilizes Cultivar replacing to improve per unit area yield, simultaneously along with improving constantly of living standards of the people is strengthened with environmental consciousness, also more and more higher to the requirement of quality and safety, the hybrid new breed therefore in the urgent need to high yield and good quality is applied to Rice Production.
China is populous; the rigid constraint of the resources such as arable land, fresh water aggravates further; the increasing pressure of ecological environmental protection is large; add that natural calamity takes place frequently; the impact of Global climate change on agricultural production also becomes increasingly conspicuous; the effective supply of grain and other key farm products to be ensured steadily in the long term, continue to improve peasant income, must by improving per unit area yield, promoting quality, reduce costs, reducing energy consumption and pollution.
Although China's rice breeding achieves the large achievement of tool, the maximum output of two-line hybrid rice has breached 900 kilograms, quality and resistance make moderate progress, but it is not enough to go back ubiquity varietal resistance on producing at present, the situation of bad, and between kind, genetic background is narrow in addition, between kind, similarity is too high, there is breakthrough varieties less, therefore need to innovate breeding method, obtain high yield, high-quality, many anti-new rice varieties.
More limited and the coming with some shortcomings more or less of excellent genes entrained by each rice material, therefore the excellent genes of different materials is combined in a material, make it have the excellent genes of parents, Here it is paddy rice pyramiding breeding has also become the important content of rice breeding.Current people mainly through routine hybridization, backcross, the approach such as molecular marker assisted selection and transgenosis to realize the polymerization of excellent genes, but conventional hybridization, backcrosses and carries out that gene pyramiding breeding cycle is long, workload is large.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome that the breeding cycle existed in prior art is long, cost is very high, Efficiency is very low, be subject to environment and human factor impact, cultivate the lower defect of efficiency and problem, provide a kind of breeding cycle short, spend less, Efficiency is higher, be not subject to environment and human factor impact, the fast breeding method of high yield and high quality multi-resistant rice restorer that cultivation efficiency is higher.
For realizing above object, technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of fast breeding method of high yield and high quality multi-resistant rice restorer, is characterized in that this breeding method comprises the following steps successively:
The first step: hybridize with high-yield rice kind A and disease resisting rice kind B, obtains first-filial generation F1 (A/B) seed; Hybridize with high-grade rice kind C and insect-proof rice kind D, obtain first-filial generation F1 (C/D) seed; Hybridize with high-yield rice kind E and insect-proof rice kind F, obtain first-filial generation F1 (E/F) seed; Hybridize with high-grade rice kind G and disease resisting rice kind H, obtain first-filial generation F1 (G/H) seed;
Second step: plant above-mentioned hybrid seed, obtain first-filial generation.Hybridize with F1 (A/B) and F1 (C/D), obtain generation F1 (A/B//C/D) seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations; Hybridize with F1 (E/F) and F1 (G/H), obtain generation F1 (E/F//G/H) seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations;
3rd step: plant above-mentioned seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations, obtain a generation of reestablishing diplomatic relations.In seedling stage, corresponding molecular marker assisted selection is carried out to the generation F1 that reestablishes diplomatic relations (A/B//C/D) and F1 (E/F//G/H), filter out the generation F1 individual plant of reestablishing diplomatic relations with corresponding gene, obtain multiple F1 generation seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations with the F1 screened (A/B//C/D) and F1 (E/F//G/H);
4th step: plant above-mentioned multiple seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations, obtain a multiple generation of reestablishing diplomatic relations.Multiple generation F1 individual plant of reestablishing diplomatic relations is carried out to the molecular marker assisted selection of all target genes in seedling stage, obtain the positive individual plant of all targets; First flower pesticide is got to the pollen mid-late uninucleate stage of the positive individual plant of target before heading is bloomed, then carry out anther culture, after anther culture, obtain stable H
0seville orange flower training strain, then to H
0seville orange flower training strain carries out observing to pick out H
0for dliploid flower training strain;
5th step: to the H after above-mentioned selecting
0for dliploid flower training strain at H
1in generation, carries out molecular marker assisted selection, economical character, quality and resistance screening to obtain required rice restorer.
6th step: carry out combination be measured screening the how anti-restorer of the high yield and high quality that obtains and a series of two-line sterile line, filter out advantageous combination.
The carrying out time of the described first step is First Year summer, the carrying out time of second step is First Year winter, and the carrying out time of the 3rd step is Second Year summer, and the carrying out time of the 4th step is Second Year winter, the carrying out time of the 5th step is the 3rd year summer, and the carrying out time of the 6th step is the 3rd year winter.
High yielding variety of the present invention, disease-resistant variety, fine quality, pest-resistant cultivar are defined as follows:
High yielding variety: yield traits mainly includes effect tiller number, grain number per spike, ripening rate, thousand kernel weight etc., by investigating yield traits, has the kind of yield heterosis than the key variety in current production.
Disease-resistant variety: weighed by anti-disease enzyme, disease-resistant grade is divided into 6 grades such as 0 grade (immunity), 1 grade (high resistance), 3 grades (in anti-), 5 grades (middle sense), 7 grades (susceptible), 9 grades (high senses), the kind of the Major Diseases in anti-current production, as rice blast, bacterial leaf-blight etc., and disease resistance reaches 3 grades and above kind.
Fine quality: rice quality is one of important indicator determining rice varieties characteristic.The quality of Rice Kernel mainly comprises 5 aspects: exterior quality, milling quality, cooking quality, nutritional quality and Cooking Quality, and particular content has: transparency, chalk are white, grain type, amylose content, gel consistence, gelatinization point, protein content and have British plain spirits etc.Fine quality of the present invention refers to the kind of integrated quality proterties excellent or single important quality proterties (as amylose content, fragrance etc.) proterties excellence.
Pest-resistant cultivar: weighed by insect resistance identification, pest-resistant grade is divided into 6 grades such as 0 grade (immunity), 1 grade (high resistance), 3 grades (in anti-), 5 grades (middle sense), 7 grades (sense worm), 9 grades (high senses), the kind of the Major Pests in anti-current production, as rice fulgorid, snout moth's larvas etc., need and resistance to insects reaches 3 grades and above kind.
Because output, quality, disease resistance, resistance to insects are all quantitative characters, be exactly each proterties be regulated and controled by a lot of gene, have plenty of the major gene resistance played a major role, had plenty of the minor gene of modification.End in August, 2013, the gene of the blast resisting had been found that just has 83, and the gene of brown planthopper resistant has 27; The output major gene resistance of having cloned has 8, and the quality trait gene of having cloned has 4.Different kinds contains different high yields, high-quality or resistant gene, and the present invention will obtain the how anti-restorer of high yield and high quality with multiple output, resistance and quality trait gene by the method for hybridization polymerization.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, utilize molecular marker assisted selection in the fast breeding method due to a kind of high yield and high quality multi-resistant rice of the present invention restorer and combine flower training technology, also overcoming the deficiency of existing paddy rice pyramiding breeding year limit for length.Therefore not only Efficiency is higher in the present invention, and breeding cycle is shorter.
3, because the fast breeding method of a kind of high yield and high quality multi-resistant rice of the present invention restorer will be hybridized, reestablish diplomatic relations, molecular marker assisted selection, anther culture (microspores culture), the technology such as character screening carry out organic integration, substantially increase cultivation efficiency, can obtain in 3 years and stable be polymerized the restorer of multiple merit, be not only the progeny material obtaining excellence and add genetic background basis, and the cycle is short, cost is lower, considerably increase the probability obtaining strong advantage restorer, improve cultivation efficiency, be very suitable for the practice needs of China's rice breeding.Therefore the present invention not only cultivates the good genetic background basis of higher, the easy acquisition of efficiency, and cultivation period is shorter, cost is lower.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is incubation step schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Illustrate that the present invention is further detailed explanation with embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
See Fig. 1, a kind of fast breeding method of high yield and high quality multi-resistant rice restorer, this breeding method comprises the following steps successively:
The first step: with high-yield rice kind A(kind name 9311, containing Gn1a gene) and anti-rice blast rice kind B(kind name GD-1, containing Pi1 and Pi2 gene) hybridization, obtain first-filial generation F1 (A/B) seed; With high-grade rice kind C(kind name Lement, containing Wx
ingene) and BPH-resistant rice varieties D(kind name B5, containing Bph14 and Bph15 gene) hybridization, obtain first-filial generation F1 (C/D) seed; With high-yield rice kind E(bright extensive 63, containing GS3 gene) and No. 9, BPH-resistant rice varieties F(kind name Luo Ka, containing Bph9 gene) hybridization, obtain first-filial generation F1 (E/F) seed; With high-grade rice kind G(kind name Chinese Fragrant Rice, containing Fgr7 gene) and anti-rice blast rice kind H(kind name WHD75-1-127, containing Pi9 gene) hybridization, obtain first-filial generation F1 (G/H) seed; Wherein No. 9, Luo Ka is with the brown planthopper resistant kind Kaharamana containing Bph9 for donor parents, and 9311 is receptor parent, many for backcrossing the brown planthopper resistant new varieties obtained;
Second step: plant above-mentioned hybrid seed, obtains first-filial generation plant.Hybridize with F1 (A/B) and F1 (C/D), obtain generation F1 (A/B//C/D) seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations; Hybridize with F1 (E/F) and F1 (G/H), obtain generation F1 (E/F//G/H) seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations;
3rd step: plant above-mentioned seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations, obtain generation plant of reestablishing diplomatic relations.In seedling stage, corresponding molecular marker assisted selection is carried out respectively to the generation F1 that reestablishes diplomatic relations (A/B//C/D) and F1 (E/F//G/H), filter out the generation F1 individual plant of reestablishing diplomatic relations being polymerized high yield, high-quality, Resistant Gene, obtain multiple F1 generation seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations with the F1 screened (A/B//C/D) strain and F1 (E/F//G/H) strain cross;
4th step: plant above-mentioned multiple seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations, obtain a multiple generation of reestablishing diplomatic relations.Multiple generation F1 individual plant of reestablishing diplomatic relations is carried out to the molecular marker assisted selection of all target genes in seedling stage, obtain the positive individual plant of all targets; First flower pesticide is got to the pollen mid-late uninucleate stage of the positive individual plant of target before heading is bloomed, then carry out anther culture, after anther culture, obtain stable H
0seville orange flower training strain, then to H
0seville orange flower training strain carries out observing to pick out H
0for dliploid flower training strain;
5th step: to the H after above-mentioned selecting
0for dliploid flower training strain at H
1in generation, carries out molecular marker assisted selection, economical character, quality and resistance screening to obtain required rice restorer.
6th step: carry out combination be measured screening the how anti-restorer of the high yield and high quality that obtains and a series of two-line sterile line, filter out advantageous combination.
The carrying out time of the described first step is First Year summer, the carrying out time of second step is First Year winter, and the carrying out time of the 3rd step is Second Year summer, and the carrying out time of the 4th step is Second Year winter, the carrying out time of the 5th step is the 3rd year summer, and the carrying out time of the 6th step is the 3rd year winter.
Character screening in described 5th step comprises resistance qualification, economical character screening, attribute test and combining ability test.
Claims (2)
1. a fast breeding method for high yield and high quality multi-resistant rice restorer, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
The first step: hybridize with the disease resisting rice kind B of high-yield rice kind A and disease-resistant grade more than 3 grades, obtain first-filial generation F1 (A/B) seed; Hybridize with the insect-proof rice kind D of high-grade rice kind C and pest-resistant grade more than 3 grades, obtain first-filial generation F1 (C/D) seed; Hybridize with the insect-proof rice kind F of high-yield rice kind E and pest-resistant grade more than 3 grades, obtain first-filial generation F1 (E/F) seed; Be divided into the disease resisting rice kind H of more than 3 grades to hybridize with high-grade rice kind G and disease-resistant grade, obtain first-filial generation F1 (G/H) seed;
Second step: plant above-mentioned F1 (A/B) seed, F1 (C/D) seed, F1 (E/F) seed and F1 (G/H) seed, obtains first-filial generation F1 (A/B) plant, F1 (C/D) plant, F1 (E/F) plant and F1 (G/H) plant; Hybridize with F1 (A/B) plant and F1 (C/D) plant, obtain generation F1 (A/B//C/D) seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations; Hybridize with F1 (E/F) plant and F1 (G/H) plant, obtain generation F1 (E/F//G/H) seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations;
3rd step: plant above-mentioned F1 (A/B//C/D) seed and F1 (E/F//G/H) seed, obtains reestablish diplomatic relations generation F1 (A/B//C/D) individual plant and F1 (E/F//G/H) individual plant; In seedling stage, corresponding molecular marker assisted selection is carried out to the generation F1 that reestablishes diplomatic relations (A/B//C/D) individual plant and F1 (E/F//G/H) individual plant, filter out the generation F1 that reestablishes diplomatic relations (A/B//C/D) individual plant with corresponding output, quality and Resistant Gene and F1 (E/F//G/H) individual plant, hybridize with the F1 screened (A/B//C/D) individual plant and F1 (E/F//G/H) individual plant and obtain multiple F1 generation seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations;
4th step: plant above-mentioned multiple F1 generation seed of reestablishing diplomatic relations, obtain multiple F1 generation individual plant of reestablishing diplomatic relations; The multiple F1 of reestablishing diplomatic relations individual plant is carried out to the molecular marker assisted selection of all target genes in seedling stage, obtain the positive individual plant of all targets; First flower pesticide is got to the pollen mid-late uninucleate stage of the positive individual plant of target before heading is bloomed, then carry out anther culture, after anther culture, obtain stable H
0seville orange flower training strain, then to H
0seville orange flower training strain is observed, and rejects haplobiont and polyploid plant, to filter out normal dliploid H
0seville orange flower training strain;
5th step: to the H after above-mentioned selecting
0for dliploid flower training strain at H
1in generation, carries out molecular marker assisted selection, economical character, quality and resistance screening to obtain required rice restorer;
6th step: the rice restorer obtain screening and a series of two-line sterile line carry out combination and be measured, and carry out output variety comparative test, filter out advantageous combination.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the carrying out time of the described first step is First Year summer, the carrying out time of second step is First Year winter, the carrying out time of the 3rd step is Second Year summer, the carrying out time of the 4th step is Second Year winter, the carrying out time of the 5th step is the 3rd year summer, and the carrying out time of the 6th step is the 3rd year winter.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN106234208A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-12-21 | 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | A kind of fast breeding method of odor type top grade high-grade rice |
| CN106718852A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江大学 | A kind of pyramiding breeding method rich in various nutrition Resistant paddy rice |
| CN106982733A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-07-28 | 浙江大学 | A kind of selection of pink blade rice varieties |
| CN107125128A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-05 | 杭州中泽生物科技有限公司 | A kind of selection of high ferro Resistant paddy rice |
| CN111296273A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-06-19 | 上海市农业科学院 | Breeding method of hybrid rice restorer line with soft rice gene |
| CN113875579A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-04 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Breeding method of rice blast-resistant soft fragrant japonica rice |
| CN116210585A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2023-06-06 | 海南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Method for molecular marker assisted selection of Hainan disease and pest resistant rice restorer line |
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Cited By (10)
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| CN106234208A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-12-21 | 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | A kind of fast breeding method of odor type top grade high-grade rice |
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| CN106982733A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-07-28 | 浙江大学 | A kind of selection of pink blade rice varieties |
| CN107125128A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-05 | 杭州中泽生物科技有限公司 | A kind of selection of high ferro Resistant paddy rice |
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| CN111296273A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-06-19 | 上海市农业科学院 | Breeding method of hybrid rice restorer line with soft rice gene |
| CN111296273B (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2023-12-08 | 上海市农业科学院 | Breeding method of hybrid rice restorer line with soft rice gene |
| CN113875579A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-04 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Breeding method of rice blast-resistant soft fragrant japonica rice |
| CN116210585A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2023-06-06 | 海南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Method for molecular marker assisted selection of Hainan disease and pest resistant rice restorer line |
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Application publication date: 20150121 |