CN104285141A - 带有金属陶瓷基层和铂覆盖层的传感元件 - Google Patents
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910016006 MoSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 e.g. Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
- G01M15/102—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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- G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
- G01N2015/0046—Investigating dispersion of solids in gas, e.g. smoke
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Abstract
本发明描述了一种用于探测包含在气流中的物质的传感器所用的传感元件。该传感元件具有由陶瓷制成的载体以及布置在该载体上的暴露于气流的、开放的测量电极。测量电极具有布置在载体上的、由陶瓷-铂-金属陶瓷构成的基层以及布置在基层上的、由烧结的铂构成的覆盖层。由此在载体上的附着能力方面提供了尤其良好的特性并且提供了防护以阻止不期望的沉积。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及了一种用于探测包含在气流中的物质，尤其是探测内燃机的废气中的碳烟颗粒的传感器所用的传感元件，其带有由陶瓷制成的载体以及被布置在该载体上的、暴露于气流的开放的测量电极。
背景技术
这种传感元件是公知的并且例如，在DE 10 2010 044 308 A1中有所述及。它尤其被用作为柴油机的废气系统中的碳烟传感器。借助测量电极例如，通过电阻测量、电容测量、或阻抗测量来检测废气流中所包含的碳烟颗粒的含量并且以电信号的形式输送给内燃机的控制装置。
在此情况下，测量电极设计为开放的、暴露于气流的电极并且具有例如，叉指电极(梳形电极)的形式。它由精细的导线构成，这些导线被敷设，尤其是压制在陶瓷的载体上。载体优选地设计为平板形的长形元件并且如所述的那样由陶瓷材料，如，氧化铝构成。测量电极的导线结构设有相应的导线连接端，这些导线连接端被引导至相应的连接触点。
颗粒传感器的这种传感元件另外设有加热装置，以便能够周期性地清洁暴露于气流的、包含在气流中的颗粒在前述感应时间内在其上不断增多地沉积的电极。为此测量电极进行加热并且由此燃烧所沉积的颗粒，通过该燃烧将沉积的颗粒从测量电极上去除。
然而，在这个开放的测量电极上还沉积着随着感应时间的增长而固体的、无机的且不可燃的废气组成部分，这导致开放的测量电极被不导电的材料所覆盖且由此电气地和机械地绝缘以阻止待被测量的颗粒进入(阻止碳烟颗粒进入)。由此导致测量电极丧失了感应功能。在发动机试验台上的实验中在2000-3000小时的运行之后测量电极确定被完全覆盖。
这种传感元件的另一个问题在于，要安全且持久地将测量电极附着在由陶瓷材料构成的载体上。由此，在例如，测量电极由纯铂构成的情况下表现出以下情况：该测量电极虽然在相对较长的时间段中(长达3000小时的运行时间)具有不期望的不可燃的废气组成部分的减少到没有的沉积，但并不具有在陶瓷载体上持久的附着。这尤其会产生纯Pt厚层压(没有玻璃且没有陶瓷组成部分的烧结的铂)。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，实现一种如开头所描述的类型的传感元件，其测量电极在避免不期望的沉积的情况下以尤其良好的载体上附着力来表征。
在上述类型的感应元件中以如下方式实现本发明的目的，即，测量电极具有布置在载体上的、由陶瓷-铂-金属陶瓷构成的基层以及布置在基层上的、由烧结的铂构成的覆盖层。
通过根据本发明的由金属陶瓷基层和铂覆盖层构成的组合在陶瓷载体上的附着和沉积防护方面实现了最优效果。这表现出：金属陶瓷层具有非常良好陶瓷载体上附着力。由于这种层虽然通过废气颗粒(灰烬、硫磺、金属氧化物等)与非常高的沉积倾向相关联，所以它作为覆盖层或接触层很少适用于气流。此时显示出以下倾向，即，在大约2000小时的运行时间之后产生明显沉积。
与此相反，纯铂构成的层适合作为覆盖层或接触层。这种层具有良好的防护以阻止不期望的沉积。
由两个分开的相(金属的和陶瓷的组成部分)所构成的材料的组被称为金属陶瓷(Cermet)或金属陶瓷(Metallkeramiken)，它们在确定的特性方面，尤其是硬度、熔点方面彼此不同。陶瓷-铂-金属陶瓷的实例是以硅化物为基础的这种材料，如，MoSi2-Pt-金属陶瓷。
优选地，基层(粘合剂层)由陶瓷-铂-印刷膏构成。另外，测量电极优选地由金属陶瓷-基部印刷件和铂-上部印刷件构成。测量电极由此按照本发明优选地由组合的压印技术制成，其中由此提高测量电极在陶瓷载体上的附着力并且减少了测量电极上不期望的沉积。
根据本发明构造的感应元件尤其被应用在所有带有开放的感应接触材料的传感器中，优选地在碳烟传感器(Soot Sensor)中。测量电极优选地设计为叉指电极(梳形电极)。
在本发明的进一步构造中，测量电极设计为施加交流电压。通过施加交流电压在测量电极的运行中能够进一步最小化不期望的沉积。
可选地还可以使用铂膏作为基层。
附图说明
下面将借助实施例联系附图详细地阐述本发明，其中：
图1示出了内数字传感器的传感元件的示意性俯视图；
图2示出了通过图1的传感元件的放大的局部视图；
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出了内数字传感器的传感元件1俯视图，其中涉及的是例如，碳烟传感器。测量电极2在该传感元件中设计为叉指电极或梳形电极。它被构造在传感元件的所属的载体5的末端上。测量电极2的相应的导线沿着具有绝缘的区域3延伸直至到达接触区域4中。
测量电极2设计为开放的、暴露在例如，柴油机的废气系统的气流中的电极。相应的导线被敷设在图2中所示出的载体5上。在此情况下测量电极2具体地由金属陶瓷-基部印刷件6和铂-上部印刷件7组成，金属陶瓷-基部印刷件由金属-铂-印刷膏制成。测量电极2由此通过组合的压印技术制成。通过金属陶瓷-基部印刷件提高了测量电极在陶瓷载体上的附着，与此同时铂-上部印刷件致力于最小化测量电极上的不期望的沉积。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于传感器的传感元件，所述传感器用于探测包含在气流中的物质，尤其是内燃机的废气中的碳烟颗粒，所述传感元件带有由陶瓷制成的载体以及布置在所述载体上的、暴露于气流的开放的测量电极，其特征在于，所述测量电极(2)具有布置在所述载体(5)上的、由陶瓷-铂-金属陶瓷构成的基层以及布置在所述基层上的、由烧结的铂构成的覆盖层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传感元件，其特征在于，所述基层由陶瓷-铂-印刷膏制成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的传感元件，其特征在于，所述测量电极(2)由金属陶瓷-基部印刷件(6)和铂-上部印刷件(7)构成。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的传感元件，其特征在于，所述测量电极(2)设计为叉指电极。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的传感元件，其特征在于，所述测量电极(2)设计为用于施加交流电压。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012207761.8 | 2012-05-09 | ||
| DE102012207761A DE102012207761A1 (de) | 2012-05-09 | 2012-05-09 | Sensorelement |
| PCT/EP2013/059090 WO2013167443A1 (de) | 2012-05-09 | 2013-05-02 | Sensorelement mit cermet grundschicht und platin deckschicht |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104285141A true CN104285141A (zh) | 2015-01-14 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380024331.2A Pending CN104285141A (zh) | 2012-05-09 | 2013-05-02 | 带有金属陶瓷基层和铂覆盖层的传感元件 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20150300919A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2847571A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2015519558A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN104285141A (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE102012207761A1 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2013167443A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108139276A (zh) * | 2015-11-02 | 2018-06-08 | 埃普科斯股份有限公司 | 传感器元件和用于制造传感器元件的方法 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012207761A1 (de) * | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Sensorelement |
| US20180073973A1 (en) | 2016-09-12 | 2018-03-15 | Hyundai Motor Company | Particulate matters sensor device and manufacturing method of sensor unit provided in this |
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2012
- 2012-05-09 DE DE102012207761A patent/DE102012207761A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-05-02 JP JP2015510741A patent/JP2015519558A/ja active Pending
- 2013-05-02 EP EP13722336.8A patent/EP2847571A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-05-02 CN CN201380024331.2A patent/CN104285141A/zh active Pending
- 2013-05-02 WO PCT/EP2013/059090 patent/WO2013167443A1/de active Application Filing
- 2013-05-02 US US14/399,768 patent/US20150300919A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| US5698267A (en) * | 1992-12-01 | 1997-12-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for fabricating high-activity electrodes for exhaust gas sensors |
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| CN101482535A (zh) * | 2008-01-08 | 2009-07-15 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | 气体传感元件以及气体传感器 |
| CN102246028A (zh) * | 2008-12-15 | 2011-11-16 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于陶瓷传感器元件的结构化电极 |
| WO2013167443A1 (de) * | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Sensorelement mit cermet grundschicht und platin deckschicht |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108139276A (zh) * | 2015-11-02 | 2018-06-08 | 埃普科斯股份有限公司 | 传感器元件和用于制造传感器元件的方法 |
| US10788377B2 (en) | 2015-11-02 | 2020-09-29 | Epcos Ag | Sensor element and method for producing a sensor element |
| US10908030B2 (en) | 2015-11-02 | 2021-02-02 | Epcos Ag | Sensor element and method for producing a sensor element |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102012207761A1 (de) | 2013-11-14 |
| EP2847571A1 (de) | 2015-03-18 |
| US20150300919A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
| WO2013167443A1 (de) | 2013-11-14 |
| JP2015519558A (ja) | 2015-07-09 |
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