CN104280669A - Streamer discharge test system, method, streamer generating device and measuring system thereof - Google Patents
Streamer discharge test system, method, streamer generating device and measuring system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104280669A CN104280669A CN201310271149.9A CN201310271149A CN104280669A CN 104280669 A CN104280669 A CN 104280669A CN 201310271149 A CN201310271149 A CN 201310271149A CN 104280669 A CN104280669 A CN 104280669A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a streamer discharge test system along a surface of an insulating medium, and a method thereof. The streamer discharge test system comprises a streamer discharge generating device and a measurement system. The streamer discharge generating device comprises the components of: a three-electrode structure which is composed of an upper polar plate, a lower polar plate and a needle electrode; a high-voltage DC power supply which is connected with the upper polar plate; and a trigger pulse generating device which is connected with the needle electrode. The measurement system comprises a first processor and three photomultiplier tubes which are connected with three input ends of the first processor. The other input end of the first processor is connected with the output end of the trigger pulse generating device. The three photomultiplier tubes are correspondingly aligned with the tip of the needle electrode, the middle position between the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate, and the lower surface of the upper polar plate. The method of the invention comprises the steps of: arranging an insulating material sample between the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate; applying a high-voltage square-wave pulse on the needle electrode; generating a uniform electric field between the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate; acquiring output signals of the three photomultiplier tubes; measuring a streamer current; and photographing a streamer discharge process and a travel path. The streamer discharge test system can satisfy a requirement for test and research.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fundamental research field of electric discharge, particularly a kind of generation device along insulating medium surface ebb-flow discharge pilot system, test method and ebb-flow discharge and measuring system.
Background technology
The external insulation problems affect of power transmission and transforming equipment the normal of electric system and safe operation, and along with the rising of electric pressure, its problem and impact will be more outstanding, directly affect the power supply quality of electrical network.External insulation problem mainly comprises the problem of clearance and insulating medium surface insulation, and gap breakdown and creeping discharge flashover are the most serious problems of external insulation, therefore, are necessary to carry out more deep research to it.
Gap breakdown and insulating medium edge flashing are comprising a series of process: (1) occurs that effective initiating electron forms electron avalanche; (2) electron avalanche develops into streamer and forward direction; (3) when streamer root passageway electronics acquires a certain degree, occur that thermal ionization produces the propagation that leader channel accelerates plasma channel; (4) after plasma channel runs through gap, finally cause spark discharge or arc discharge, gap or along face occur electric breakdown.In whole process, the propagation of streamer has important impact to gap breakdown and edge flashing, is the stage that wherein physical process is the most complicated.Domestic and international researchist has carried out certain experimental study to the propagation of streamer in atmosphere, and the photon observing streamer head give off mainly through utilizing photomultiplier is to judge that streamer propagates the position arrived; Utilize hypervelocity ICCD to take the communication process of streamer, thus obtain the speed of streamer propagation, the shape of streamer passage, the number etc. of streamer bifurcated; Rogowski coil is utilized to measure streamer electric current, the electric charge comprised by integration acquisition streamer; The sensitive film being placed on negative electrode is utilized to obtain the streamer number etc. arriving negative electrode.Research along insulating medium surface ebb-flow discharge then discloses, also there are no Related product there are no relevant document.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of along insulating medium surface ebb-flow discharge pilot system, test method and ebb-flow discharge generation device and measuring system.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
It is a kind of that along insulating medium surface ebb-flow discharge pilot system, it comprises ebb-flow discharge generation device and measuring system, wherein,
Described ebb-flow discharge generation device comprises:
Three-electrode structure, comprises relatively and the top crown arranged abreast and bottom crown, and a pin electrode, and described pin electrode comprises metal needle and insulating coating, and pin electrode to be arranged on bottom crown and to insulate with bottom crown, described bottom crown ground connection;
High-voltage DC power supply, its output terminal connects described top crown; And
Trigger pulse generating means, its output terminal connects described pin electrode;
Described measuring system comprises first processor and corresponding three photomultipliers being connected to first processor three input ends, another input end of first processor connects the output terminal of described trigger pulse generating means by high-voltage probe, described three photomultipliers corresponding with the needle point of pin electrode, the lower surface of the centre position between top crown and bottom crown and top crown aims at.
In above-mentioned pilot system, preferably, described measuring system also comprises imaging device, and this imaging device is arranged on the side of three-electrode structure, for taking ebb-flow discharge process and streamer travel path.
In above-mentioned pilot system, preferably, described measuring system also comprises two current measuring devices, each current measuring device is made up of measuring unit and the second processor, measuring unit is arranged at high-pressure side or the low pressure end of three-electrode structure, measuring unit comprises radome and is arranged at the current sensor in radome, sample frequency >=200MHz and the capture card of frequency span >=100MHz, electrooptic conversion module, and the independently-powered module for powering to capture card and electrooptic conversion module, the ground of independently-powered module is independent of the ground of described high-voltage DC power supply, second processor is arranged at backstage, by Fiber connection measuring unit, to sample the streamer current data obtained for showing and preserving measuring unit.
In above-mentioned pilot system, preferably, described first processor is oscillograph, and this oscillograph has at least four passages, and sample frequency is not less than 1GHz, frequency span is not less than 100MHz.
In above-mentioned pilot system, preferably, the light input window of three photomultipliers is the narrow slit of 0.5-2mm.
A kind of along insulating medium surface ebb-flow discharge test method, comprise
Between the top crown and bottom crown of three-electrode structure, insulating material test product is set;
Control trigger pulse generating means and produce the pulse of nanosecond high-voltage square-wave, this square-wave pulse is applied to the pin electrode of three-electrode structure, causes needle point to discharge thus produces positive polarity streamer;
Open high-voltage DC power supply to make to produce uniform electric field between upper and lower pole plate, promote that streamer is propagated on insulating material test product surface;
The first processor triggering measuring system with described square-wave pulse starts the output signal gathering three photomultipliers, and then measures streamer velocity of propagation and ebb-flow discharge intensity;
From high-pressure side and the low pressure end measurement streamer electric current of three-electrode structure;
With imaging device at the side of three-electrode structure shooting ebb-flow discharge process and streamer travel path.
In above-mentioned test method, preferably, the pulse width of high-voltage square-wave pulse is 100ns-250ns, and pulse amplitude is 1kV-4kV.
A kind of ebb-flow discharge generation device, comprising:
Three-electrode structure, comprises relatively and the top crown arranged abreast and bottom crown, and a pin electrode, and described pin electrode comprises metal needle and insulating coating, and pin electrode to be arranged on bottom crown and to insulate with bottom crown, described bottom crown ground connection;
High-voltage DC power supply, its output terminal connects described top crown; And
Trigger pulse generating means, its output terminal connects described pin electrode.
A kind of ebb-flow discharge measuring system, comprising:
Three photomultipliers, corresponding with the needle point of the pin electrode of ebb-flow discharge generation device, the lower surface of the centre position between top crown and bottom crown and top crown aims at; And
First processor, be connected with described three photomultipliers, and the output terminal of the trigger pulse generating means of ebb-flow discharge generation device is connected by a high-voltage probe, start to be triggered by ebb-flow discharge generation device the output signal gathering three photomultipliers, and then measure streamer velocity of propagation and ebb-flow discharge intensity.
Preferably, this ebb-flow discharge measuring system also comprises:
Imaging device, is arranged on the side of the three-electrode structure of ebb-flow discharge generation device, for taking ebb-flow discharge process and streamer travel path; And/or
Two current measuring devices, are respectively used to the high-pressure side from three-electrode structure and low pressure end measurement streamer current data, wherein, each current measuring device is made up of measuring unit and the second processor, measuring unit is arranged at high-pressure side or the low pressure end of three-electrode structure, measuring unit comprises radome and is arranged at the current sensor in radome, sample frequency >=200MHz and the capture card of frequency span >=100MHz, electrooptic conversion module, and the independently-powered module for powering to capture card and electrooptic conversion module, the ground of independently-powered module is independent of the ground of described high-voltage DC power supply, second processor is arranged at backstage, by Fiber connection measuring unit, to sample the streamer current data obtained for showing and preserving measuring unit.
Through test, said system of the present invention and method can meet the requirement along the ebb-flow discharge attribute testing research of insulating medium surface.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment along insulating medium surface ebb-flow discharge pilot system.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The present embodiment is made up of along insulating medium surface ebb-flow discharge pilot system two parts: ebb-flow discharge generation device and measuring system.Ebb-flow discharge generation device comprises three-electrode structure, high-voltage DC power supply and trigger pulse generating means.In Fig. 1,1-low pressure end streamer current measuring device, 2-bottom crown, 3-pin electrode, 4-trigger pulse generating means, 5-high-voltage probe, 6,7,8-photomultiplier, 9-imaging device, 10-streamer, 11-first processor, 12-high-voltage DC power supply, 13-high-pressure side streamer current measuring device, the voltage measuring apparatus of 14-high-voltage DC power supply, 15-top crown, 16-insulating material test product.
With reference to Fig. 1, three-electrode structure comprises top crown 15, bottom crown 2 and a pin electrode 3, and top crown 15 is relative with bottom crown 2 and parallel.Top crown 15 and bottom crown 2 are made with stainless steel, and in disc, the middle part of top crown 15 and bottom crown 2 arranges mounting hole respectively, for installing insulating material test product 16 between upper and lower pole plate.Bottom crown 2 ground connection.Pin electrode 3 comprises metal needle and insulating coating, and pin electrode 3 to be arranged on bottom crown 2 and to insulate with bottom crown 2, and the needle point of pin electrode 3 is positioned at the edge of insulating material test product 16.
High-voltage DC power supply 12, for applying negative dc voltage to top crown 15, makes the electric field forming an approaches uniformity between top crown 15 and bottom crown 2.In preferred embodiment, the output voltage of high-voltage DC power supply 12 is that 0-100kV is adjustable, and output current is greater than 300mA.
The output terminal connecting needle electrode 3 of trigger pulse generating means 4.In preferred embodiment, trigger pulse generating means 4 adopts pulse-forming line principle to produce square-wave pulse, and is nS level square-wave pulse.In better embodiment, trigger pulse generating means 4 has amplitude control device and pulse-width controlled device, can the amplitude of trigger pulse of regulation output and pulsewidth, and the range of adjustment of amplitude is 0kV-6kV, and the range of adjustment of pulsewidth is 100ns-250ns.
The production method of positive polarity streamer: the generation of positive polarity streamer have employed trigger pulse generating means 4, utilizes pulse-forming line principle produce a nS level square-wave pulse and be applied on metal needle, causes needle point to discharge, thus produces positive polarity streamer.By applying high pressure between top crown 15 and bottom crown 2, produce the propagation that uniform electric field promotes streamer, as shown at 10 in figure 1.Because the amplitude of trigger pulse and pulsewidth can regulate, therefore, streamer characteristic can regulate.Pulsewidth again due to trigger pulse is very short, belongs to the pulse of nS level, can only produce single streamer, thus avoid the various interference each other of multiple streamer common development, be convenient to the various factor of independent studies to the impact of streamer flash-over characteristic within so short time.Due under uniform electric field, streamer develops little bifurcated, therefore, because the impact of bifurcated streamer on the development of main flow note is negligible.
Measuring system comprises first processor 11 and three photomultipliers 6,7,8.First processor 11 adopts oscillograph, this oscillograph has at least four passages, sample frequency is not less than 1GHz, frequency span is not less than 100MHz, oscillographic three passages correspondingly to connect with three photomultipliers 6,7,8 respectively, and another passage connects the output terminal of trigger pulse generating means 4 by high-voltage probe 5.Three photomultipliers 6,7,8 corresponding with the needle point of pin electrode 3, the lower surface of the centre position between top crown 15 and bottom crown 2 and top crown 15 aims at, namely respectively aligning insulating material test product 16 times, in, upper three positions.The narrow slit of the preferred 0.5-2mm of light input window of three photomultipliers 6,7,8, is preferably the narrow slit of 1 mm.High-voltage probe 5 is withstand voltage more preferably greater than 10kV.
The square-wave pulse that trigger pulse generating means 4 produces is by accessing oscillograph (i.e. first processor 11) after high-voltage probe 5 dividing potential drop, trigger oscillographic device starts to gather three photomultipliers 6, 7, the output signal of 8, and then measure streamer velocity of propagation and ebb-flow discharge intensity, more particularly, by observing three photomultipliers 6, 7, the output signal of 8, the power of ebb-flow discharge can be judged, obtain the length of streamer development and determine whether streamer can develop arrival top crown 15, the velocity of propagation of streamer under uniform electric field effect is obtained by the ratio recording the mistiming between pulse signal rising edge starting point corresponding to it of the vertical range between photomultiplier.
Measuring system also comprises imaging device 9, and this imaging device 9 is arranged on the side of three-electrode structure, for taking ebb-flow discharge process and streamer travel path.Imaging device 9 can select hypervelocity camera ICCD or ultraviolet imager, by directly taking and can obtaining.
Measuring system also comprises high-pressure side streamer current measuring device 13 and low pressure end streamer current measuring device 1, and they are respectively used to measure streamer current data from the high-pressure side of three-electrode structure and low pressure end.In order to measure the streamer electric current of ns level pulse waveform at high-pressure side (voltage is greater than 50kV), inventor has devised a kind of special current measuring device, this special current measuring device is made up of measuring unit and the second processor being arranged at backstage, wherein, measuring unit comprises radome and is arranged at the current sensor in radome, sample frequency >=200MHz and the capture card of frequency span >=100MHz (i.e. the capture card of high speed trigger mode), electrooptic conversion module, and the independently-powered module for powering to capture card and electrooptic conversion module, the ground of independently-powered module is independent of the ground of high-voltage DC power supply 12.Second processor is made up of photoelectric conversion module, computing machine and related software, and the second processor is connected with measuring unit by optical fiber.The measuring principle of this special current measuring device is as follows: streamer electric current flows through current sensor, completed by the capture card of high speed trigger mode and sample and convert digital signal to, this digital signal converts by electrooptic conversion module light signal passes to backstage again the second processor by optical fiber to, thus realizes the collection of high-pressure side current signal and the transmission to low pressure end; Light signal converts electric signal input computing machine to by the photoelectric conversion module in the second processor, and is shown by related software and preserve the streamer current data of sampling and obtaining.Radome can prevent current sensor, capture card, electrooptic conversion module and independent current source supply module to be subject to electromagnetic interference (EMI).Power to capture card and electrooptic conversion module with independent current source supply module, to ensure the earthy independence of fluidization tower current measuring device, with site test do not associate.High-pressure side streamer current measuring device 13 and low pressure end streamer current measuring device 1 all can adopt this special current measuring device.
Through test, above-mentioned ebb-flow discharge generation device can produce ebb-flow discharge along insulating medium surface, above-mentioned measuring system can be measured and propagate along insulating medium surface streamer probability of spreading, streamer velocity of propagation, streamer the Important Parameters that required electric field intensity, streamer development path, streamer channel morphology, ebb-flow discharge intensity, height pressure side streamer electric current etc. characterize ebb-flow discharge, can meet the requirement along the ebb-flow discharge attribute testing research of insulating medium surface.The present invention, along insulating medium surface ebb-flow discharge pilot system and method, can be used for the impact of the parameter effects on surface streamer propagation characteristics such as research environment temperature, environment absolute humidity, atmospheric pressure, insulating material characteristic, test product umbrella-shaped structure.
Claims (10)
1., along an insulating medium surface ebb-flow discharge pilot system, comprise ebb-flow discharge generation device and measuring system, it is characterized in that:
Described ebb-flow discharge generation device comprises:
Three-electrode structure, comprises relatively and the top crown arranged abreast and bottom crown, and a pin electrode, and described pin electrode comprises metal needle and insulating coating, and pin electrode to be arranged on bottom crown and to insulate with bottom crown, described bottom crown ground connection;
High-voltage DC power supply, its output terminal connects described top crown;
Trigger pulse generating means, its output terminal connects described pin electrode;
Described measuring system comprises first processor and corresponding three photomultipliers being connected to first processor three input ends, another input end of first processor connects the output terminal of described trigger pulse generating means by high-voltage probe, described three photomultipliers corresponding with the needle point of pin electrode, the lower surface of the centre position between top crown and bottom crown and top crown aims at.
2. pilot system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described measuring system also comprises imaging device, and this imaging device is arranged on the side of three-electrode structure, for taking ebb-flow discharge process and streamer travel path.
3. pilot system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described measuring system also comprises two current measuring devices, each current measuring device is made up of measuring unit and the second processor, measuring unit is arranged at high-pressure side or the low pressure end of three-electrode structure, measuring unit comprises radome and is arranged at the current sensor in radome, sample frequency >=200MHz and the capture card of frequency span >=100MHz, electrooptic conversion module, and the independently-powered module for powering to capture card and electrooptic conversion module, the ground of independently-powered module is independent of the ground of described high-voltage DC power supply, second processor is arranged at backstage, by Fiber connection measuring unit, to sample the streamer current data obtained for showing and preserving measuring unit.
4. pilot system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first processor is oscillograph, and this oscillograph has at least four passages, and sample frequency is not less than 1GHz, frequency span is not less than 100MHz.
5. pilot system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the light input window of three photomultipliers is the narrow slit of 0.5-2mm.
6., along an insulating medium surface ebb-flow discharge test method, it is characterized in that, this test method comprises:
Between the top crown and bottom crown of three-electrode structure, insulating material test product is set;
Control trigger pulse generating means and produce the pulse of nanosecond high-voltage square-wave, this square-wave pulse is applied to the pin electrode of three-electrode structure, causes needle point to discharge thus produces positive polarity streamer;
Open high-voltage DC power supply to make to produce uniform electric field between upper and lower pole plate, promote that streamer is propagated on insulating material test product surface;
The first processor triggering measuring system with described square-wave pulse starts the output signal gathering three photomultipliers, and then measures streamer velocity of propagation and ebb-flow discharge intensity;
From high-pressure side and the low pressure end measurement streamer electric current of three-electrode structure;
With imaging device at the side of three-electrode structure shooting ebb-flow discharge process and streamer travel path.
7. test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the pulse width of high-voltage square-wave pulse is 100ns-250ns, and pulse amplitude is 1kV-4kV.
8. an ebb-flow discharge generation device, is characterized in that, this ebb-flow discharge generation device comprises:
Three-electrode structure, comprises relatively and the top crown arranged abreast and bottom crown, and a pin electrode, and described pin electrode comprises metal needle and insulating coating, and pin electrode to be arranged on bottom crown and to insulate with bottom crown, described bottom crown ground connection;
High-voltage DC power supply, its output terminal connects described top crown; And
Trigger pulse generating means, its output terminal connects described pin electrode.
9. an ebb-flow discharge measuring system, is characterized in that, this ebb-flow discharge measuring system comprises:
Three photomultipliers, corresponding with the needle point of the pin electrode of ebb-flow discharge generation device, the lower surface of the centre position between top crown and bottom crown and top crown aims at; And
First processor, be connected with described three photomultipliers, and the output terminal of the trigger pulse generating means of ebb-flow discharge generation device is connected by a high-voltage probe, start to be triggered by ebb-flow discharge generation device the output signal gathering three photomultipliers, and then measure streamer velocity of propagation and ebb-flow discharge intensity.
10. ebb-flow discharge measuring system according to claim 9, is characterized in that, this ebb-flow discharge measuring system also comprises:
Imaging device, is arranged on the side of the three-electrode structure of ebb-flow discharge generation device, for taking ebb-flow discharge process and streamer travel path; And/or
Two current measuring devices, are respectively used to the high-pressure side from three-electrode structure and low pressure end measurement streamer current data, wherein, each current measuring device is made up of measuring unit and the second processor, measuring unit is arranged at high-pressure side or the low pressure end of three-electrode structure, measuring unit comprises radome and is arranged at the current sensor in radome, sample frequency >=200MHz and the capture card of frequency span >=100MHz, electrooptic conversion module, and the independently-powered module for powering to capture card and electrooptic conversion module, the ground of independently-powered module is independent of the ground of described high-voltage DC power supply, second processor is arranged at backstage, by Fiber connection measuring unit, to sample the streamer current data obtained for showing and preserving measuring unit.
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| CN113671375A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-19 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Method for calculating space charge dynamic distribution of large-size electrode in initial streamer stage |
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| CN105606964A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-05-25 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Optics-based electric measuring system capable of keeping synchronous with field impact voltage |
| CN105572548A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-05-11 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Measurement system and method of steamer discharge of non-uniform field |
| CN106249061A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-21 | 清华大学 | Direct current synthetic field intensity measuring device and method of combined type independent potential sensor |
| CN106249061B (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2023-07-04 | 清华大学 | DC synthesized field intensity measuring device and method for composite independent potential sensor |
| CN106680676A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-17 | 重庆大学 | Gas-solid discharge along surface test streamer monitoring and surface potential measuring system and method |
| CN109856516B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2021-01-08 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | High-frequency square wave dielectric medium discharge characteristic experimental device |
| CN109856516A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-07 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of high frequency square wave dielectric discharge characteristic experimental apparatus |
| CN110275096A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-24 | 国家电网有限公司 | Insulator surface defect local discharge detection device and detection method |
| CN110829354A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Breakdown automatic protection device for insulation aging test |
| CN111521920A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-11 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Photoelectric combined detection system and detection method for crosslinked polyethylene micro-discharge |
| CN111766483A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-13 | 华北电力大学 | Long air gap spherical electrode streamer discharge simulation system and simulation method thereof |
| CN112083296A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-15 | 西安交通大学 | Photoelectric observation device for creeping pre-discharge along surface |
| CN113433373A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 西安交通大学 | Streamer charge quantity measuring device, system and method |
| CN113433373B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-10-14 | 西安交通大学 | Streamer charge quantity measuring device, system and method |
| CN113671375A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-19 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Method for calculating space charge dynamic distribution of large-size electrode in initial streamer stage |
| CN113671375B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2023-08-22 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Space charge dynamic distribution calculation method for initial streamer stage of large-size electrode |
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