CN103197126B - Thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform - Google Patents
Thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN103197126B CN103197126B CN201310118680.2A CN201310118680A CN103197126B CN 103197126 B CN103197126 B CN 103197126B CN 201310118680 A CN201310118680 A CN 201310118680A CN 103197126 B CN103197126 B CN 103197126B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to lightning induction correlative technology field, particularly relate to thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform, comprise: square-wave voltage generating means, simulation lightning current passage, simulated experiment circuit and proving installation, described simulation lightning current passage comprises insulator perpendicular to the ground, be wrapped in the electric conductor of described insulator exterior, and the air suspension device to be connected with described insulator head, one end of described electric conductor is connected with described square-wave voltage generating means, described simulated experiment circuit is parallel to the ground, and described simulation lightning current passage and simulated experiment line parallel, described proving installation comprises the lightning monitoring device being arranged on described simulation lightning current channel bottom, with the over-voltage measurement device of described simulated experiment connection, and connect the display device of described lightning monitoring device and over-voltage measurement device respectively.The degree of distortion of induced overvoltage waveform of the present invention is less; Test is carried out conveniently, excellent honest and clean at a low price.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lightning induction correlative technology field, particularly relate to thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform.
Background technology
At present, the researcher of a lot of thunder and lightning induction voltage has carried out the different simulation test research of scheme, but the testing program of thunder and lightning induction voltage simulation test is often far from each other, the difference of Selecting parameter is also larger, this is because when simulation test conceptual design, be difficult to exhaustive, the distortion of each side accomplished minimum simultaneously, the emphasis of research is different, and the testing program of selection is naturally also just different.
Wherein, 1999, three Japanese researchists are had once to describe a typical superpotential scale model test, that it establishes the circuit of a 1/20 contracting ratio, long 25m, terrain clearance is 0.5m, only have a wire, radius is 0.5mm, the build-out resistor of two termination 430 Ω.Use a long 28m, radius is that the insulation rod of 1.5cm carrys out equivalent lightning current passage, upper end balloon is sling, insulation rod is wound with the copper cash that a root radius is 0.5mm, the length of copper cash is three times of insulation rod length, electric current on such copper cash is being c/3 perpendicular to the speed of development on direction, ground, the speed of development of approximate nature lightning return stroke current.In the bottom of ear of maize, injecting a peak value toward copper cash is 1A, and wave front time is about the electric current of 20ns, to imitate the return stroke current in lightning channel.The voltage on oscilloscope measurement circuit is directly used at the two ends of circuit, make Current Transformer measure current waveform in the bottom of ear of maize, frequency response range is from 8.5kHz to 100MHz, and use plate aerial carrys out the electromagnetic field in measurement space, and frequency response range is from 2kHz to 10MH.
Again at the beginning of 21 century, the researchist in Europe is had once to describe another more typical thunder and lightning induction voltage subscale test, the contracting ratio of whole test is 1/50, the long 28m of whole piece circuit, distance ground height 0.2m, wire adopts a root radius to be that the bare copper wire of 0.4mm carries out equivalence, is covered with the high-quality conductor of one deck 28 × 9m2 below circuit, with simulate ideal the earth, circuit two ends are connected to the build-out resistor that resistance is 455 Ω.Use a long 12m, radius be the insulation rod of 25.4mm to simulate lightning current passage, insulation rod is wound around the copper wire that a root radius is 0.7mm, every meter be wound around 323 circles, impedance is about 2.2k Ω, and the current requirements wave front time passed into is less than 60ns.
Thunder and lightning induction voltage simulation test is reappeared for the simulation of real model experiment, it relatively easily carries out enforcement, also easy various parameter to be controlled, carry out regular research, this is the advantage place of simulation test, but simultaneously its size is less, also there is the distortion of degree varies for the reproduction of truth in each side, thus causes the distortion of net result certainly.
Prior art cannot make the distortion of thunder and lightning induction voltage simulation test each side accomplish minimum simultaneously, is on the one hand to be difficult to realize in technical conditions, improves the emulator of a part of content often to sacrifice the emulator of another part content for cost; On the other hand, do the cost often improving test like this, simulation test is lost originally have carry out conveniently, the advantage of less expensive.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary, for the larger technical matters of the thunder and lightning induction voltage simulation test distortion of prior art, to provide a kind of thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform.
A kind of thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform, comprise: square-wave voltage generating means, simulation lightning current passage, simulated experiment circuit and proving installation, described simulation lightning current passage comprises insulator perpendicular to the ground, be wrapped in the electric conductor of described insulator exterior, and the air suspension device to be connected with described insulator head, one end of described electric conductor is connected with described square-wave voltage generating means, described simulated experiment circuit is parallel to the ground, and described simulation lightning current passage and simulated experiment line parallel, described proving installation comprises the lightning monitoring device being arranged on described simulation lightning current channel bottom, with the over-voltage measurement device of described simulated experiment connection, and connect the display device of described lightning monitoring device and over-voltage measurement device respectively.
Wherein in an embodiment, described square-wave voltage generating means comprises the AC power frequency voltage source, rectifier, pulse-forming line, spark switch cavity and the pulse transmission line that connect successively, be provided with spark switch in described spark switch cavity, and be filled with high pressure nitrogen in described spark switch cavity.。
Wherein in an embodiment, described lightning monitoring device comprises voltage divider and current amplifier, described display device is oscillograph, described voltage divider is connected with oscillographic first voltage input end, described current amplifier is connected with oscillographic current input terminal, described over-voltage measurement device is voltage probe, and one end of described voltage probe and described simulated experiment connection, the other end is connected with oscillographic second voltage input end.
Wherein in an embodiment, described simulation lightning current passage is just to the center of described simulated experiment circuit, and one end of described voltage probe is connected with the center of described simulated experiment circuit.
Wherein in an embodiment, also comprise the field measurement device be arranged on below described simulated experiment circuit, described field measurement device is connected with described display device.
Wherein in an embodiment, described field measurement device comprises light source generator, photoreceiver and electric field probe, described electric field probe is arranged on below described simulated experiment circuit, one end of described electric field probe is connected with light source generator, the other end is connected with the input end of photoreceiver, and the output terminal of described photoreceiver is connected with described display device.
Wherein in an embodiment, below described simulation lightning current passage He below described simulated experiment circuit, be equipped with ground connection iron plate.
Wherein in an embodiment, the contracting of the length of described simulated experiment circuit is than being 1/20, and the current amplitude of described simulation lightning current passage contracts than being 1/1000.
Above-mentioned thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform, the interference be subject to due to space electric field in test platform is less, and the distortion therefore produced is relatively little, and the degree of distortion of the induced overvoltage waveform of gained is also less; And device parameter is controlled, test is carried out conveniently, excellent honest and clean at a low price.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform of the present invention;
The construction module figure that Fig. 2 is square-wave voltage generating means.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Be illustrated in figure 1 the structural representation of a kind of thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform of the present invention, comprise: square-wave voltage generating means 110, simulation lightning current passage 120, simulated experiment circuit 130 and proving installation, described simulation lightning current passage 120 comprises insulator perpendicular to the ground, be wrapped in the electric conductor of described insulator exterior, and the air suspension device to be connected with described insulator head (Fig. 1 is vertical view, therefore insulator, electric conductor and air suspension device all do not specifically illustrate), one end of described electric conductor is connected with described square-wave voltage generating means 110, described simulated experiment circuit 130 is parallel to the ground, and described simulation lightning current passage 120 is parallel with simulated experiment circuit 130, described proving installation comprises the lightning monitoring device be arranged on bottom described simulation lightning current passage 120, the over-voltage measurement device be connected with described simulated experiment circuit 130, and connect the display device of described lightning monitoring device and over-voltage measurement device respectively.
Simulated experiment circuit and ground have certain distance, corresponding actual grid line section.Simulation lightning current passage 120, is positioned at a distance, range simulation experimental line 130 center, corresponding actual lightning current passage.
The trunk of simulation lightning current passage 120 is insulator, and hung by air suspension device, air suspension device can adopt the realizations such as such as helium balloon, the insulator of simulation lightning current passage 120 and ground is made to keep vertical, electric conductor can adopt and be wound around copper wire realization at the outside surface of insulator, electric current is made to have velocity of propagation fast like this on vertical ground direction, be about 1/3rd of the light velocity, situation about occurring when being struck by lightning with reality is basically identical, square-wave voltage generating means 110 is connected with the electric conductor of simulation lightning current passage 120, the electric current produced propagates into top bottom simulation lightning current passage 120, the generation of simulation thunder and lightning.By being located at the lightning monitoring device bottom simulation lightning current passage 120, and the over-voltage measurement device be connected with described simulated experiment circuit 130 is monitored respectively, collects data, and shows on the display apparatus.
The lightning current passage of the present invention's simulation makes the situation when velocity of propagation of electric current on vertical ground direction and actual generation thunderbolt basically identical.Size of the present invention is relatively large, and the simulation for actual conditions is more true, and place is carried out out of doors, and surrounding is relatively spacious, and the interference that space electric field is subject to is less, and the distortion of generation is also relatively little.
Square-wave voltage generating means 110 of the present invention simulates lightning current, its concrete structure for occurring, and those of ordinary skill in the art can supplement after reading this patent.
Be illustrated in figure 2 the construction module figure of square-wave voltage generating means, wherein in an embodiment, described square-wave voltage generating means 110 comprises the AC power frequency voltage source 111, rectifier 112, pulse-forming line 113, spark switch cavity 114 and the pulse transmission line 115 that connect successively, be provided with spark switch in described spark switch cavity 114, and be filled with high pressure nitrogen 116 in described spark switch cavity 114.AC power frequency voltage in AC power frequency voltage source 111 becomes DC high voltage after rectifier 112 rectification, and paired pulses formation line 113 charges, when the voltage magnitude on pulse-forming line 113 reaches the flashover voltage of the spark switch 114 being filled with high pressure nitrogen 117, form high-voltage nanosecond ripple, and propagate out by pulse transmission line 115.Described spark switch cavity 114 is a metallic cylinder being provided with spark switch, and there are two parallel-plate circle electrodes inside, and is filled with high pressure nitrogen 116.Square-wave voltage generating means of the present invention, can make the rank of flat-topped wave rising edge in 1 nanosecond of output, and the square wave amplitude exported is higher, meets the requirement of high-potting.Square-wave voltage generating means preferably adopts the nanosecond pulse generator of Tsing-Hua University's department of electrical engineering gas discharge laboratory development.
Lightning monitoring device of the present invention, over-voltage measurement device and display device, those of ordinary skill in the art specifically can supplement after reading this patent.
Wherein in an embodiment, described lightning monitoring device comprises voltage divider 141 and current amplifier 142, described display device is oscillograph 143, described voltage divider 141 is connected with the first voltage input end of oscillograph 143, described current amplifier 142 is connected with the current input terminal of oscillograph 143, described over-voltage measurement device is voltage probe 144, one end of described voltage probe 144 is connected with described simulated experiment circuit 130, and the other end is connected with the second voltage input end of oscillograph 143.The present embodiment adopts voltage divider to be depressured on oscillograph by the voltage signal collected, to draw the waveform of test from oscillograph.
Wherein in an embodiment, described simulation lightning current passage 120 is just to the center of described simulated experiment circuit 130, and one end of described voltage probe 144 is connected with the center of described simulated experiment circuit 130.
The present embodiment adopts voltage probe 144 to be superpotential that direct measuring circuit mid point produces, because the top that the lightning current passage of simulation is just put in the line, is convenient to directly record the over-voltage waveform induced.
Wherein in an embodiment, also comprise the field measurement device be arranged on below described simulated experiment circuit 130, described field measurement device is connected with described display device.
It is in order to from the light signal of light source, modulatedemodulate recalls a voltage signal that the present embodiment adds electric field probe, is convenient to the induced overvoltage waveform obtaining comparison.
Wherein in an embodiment, described field measurement device comprises light source generator 145, photoreceiver 146 and electric field probe 147, described electric field probe 147 is arranged on below described simulated experiment circuit 130, one end of described electric field probe 147 is connected with light source generator 145, the other end is connected with the input end of photoreceiver 146, and the output terminal of described photoreceiver 146 is connected with described display device.
Wherein in an embodiment, below described simulation lightning current passage He below described simulated experiment circuit, be equipped with ground connection iron plate.Preferably, iron plate is galvanized iron sheet 148.
Wherein in an embodiment, the contracting of the length of described simulated experiment circuit is than being 1/20, and the current amplitude of described simulation lightning current passage contracts than being 1/1000.Length, the electric current contracting of the present embodiment are more reasonable than value.
As an example, S is compared in the contracting of test length
αget 1/20, the long 14m of simulated experiment circuit 130, distance ground 0.5m, the diameter of wire of simulated experiment circuit 130 is 0.5mm.The corresponding long 280m of simulated experiment circuit 130, distance ground 10m, diameter of wire is the actual line section of 1cm.The long 12m of simulation lightning current passage 120, is positioned at 2m place, range simulation experimental line 130 center, then corresponding actual (tube) length 240m, the lightning current passage of distance actual line section center 40m.
The trunk of simulation lightning current passage 120 is by 4 long 3m, the PVC plastic pipe that diameter is about 3cm is formed by connecting, as described insulator, and hung by air suspension device, in the present example, air suspension device is a diameter is the helium balloon of 2.5m, the insulator of simulation lightning current passage 120 and ground is made to keep vertical, overall length is that the copper wire of 36m is wrapped in passage outside surface, as the electric conductor of simulation lightning current passage 120, the velocity of propagation of electric current on vertical ground direction is made to be about 1/3rd of the light velocity like this, situation about occurring when being struck by lightning with reality is basically identical, electric current propagates into top from channel bottom approximately needs 120ns, after this result that test measurement obtains is by serious distortion.
Simulated experiment circuit 130 two ends connect the matched impedance that resistance is 620 Ω, a slice 2m × 15m is laid in below, thickness is the galvanized iron sheet 148 of 1mm, a slice 3m × 4m is laid below simulation lightning current passage, the galvanized iron sheet 148 that thickness is similarly 1mm as the condition of ideal the earth, galvanized iron sheet 148 by copper braid over braid ground connection, grounding body 149 by four at a distance of 1m, go deep into soil 20cm, diameter is that crooked chisel of 1cm is interconnected together.
The electric current that square-wave voltage generating means 110 produces is propagated on simulation lightning current passage 120 by power cable 1410.
Square-wave voltage generating means 110, its ultimate principle as shown in Figure 2, be the AC power frequency voltage of 220V in AC power frequency voltage source 111, DC high voltage is become after rectifier 112 rectification, and paired pulses formation line 113 charges, when the voltage magnitude on pulse-forming line 113 reaches the flashover voltage of the spark switch 114 being filled with high pressure nitrogen 117, form high-voltage nanosecond ripple, and propagate out by pulse transmission line 115.When pulse transmission line 115 end connecting analog lightning current passage 120, the current amplitude of formation is approximately tens amperes, and S is compared at this moment current amplitude contracting
ivalue be about 1/1000.
Measure the voltage signal obtained bottom simulation lightning current passage 120 and access oscillograph 143 by voltage divider 141 step-down that a no-load voltage ratio is 417: 1 later, measure the current signal obtained and access oscillograph 143 by the current amplifier 142 of a 10A/V is rear.
The light signal that light source generator 145 produces is through Optical Fiber Transmission, and through electric field probe 147, electric field signal is modulated on light signal, and is finally accepted by photoreceiver 146, photoreceiver 146 demodulates a voltage signal from light signal, access oscillograph 143.And the superpotential responding to generation on simulation test circuit 130 mid point is directly measured by voltage probe 144.
The above embodiment only have expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (6)
1. a thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform, it is characterized in that, comprise: square-wave voltage generating means, simulation lightning current passage, simulated experiment circuit and proving installation, described simulation lightning current passage comprises insulator perpendicular to the ground, be wrapped in the electric conductor of described insulator exterior, and the air suspension device to be connected with described insulator head, one end of described electric conductor is connected with described square-wave voltage generating means, described simulated experiment circuit is parallel to the ground, described proving installation comprises the lightning monitoring device being arranged on described simulation lightning current channel bottom, with the over-voltage measurement device of described simulated experiment connection, and connect the display device of described lightning monitoring device and over-voltage measurement device respectively, described lightning monitoring device comprises voltage divider and current amplifier, described display device is oscillograph, described voltage divider is connected with oscillographic first voltage input end, described current amplifier is connected with oscillographic current input terminal, described over-voltage measurement device is voltage probe, one end of described voltage probe and described simulated experiment connection, the other end is connected with oscillographic second voltage input end, described square-wave voltage generating means, makes the rank of flat-topped wave rising edge in 1 nanosecond of output, and the square wave amplitude exported is higher, meets the requirement of high-potting, also comprise the field measurement device be arranged on below described simulated experiment circuit, described field measurement device is connected with described display device.
2. thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described square-wave voltage generating means comprises the AC power frequency voltage source, rectifier, pulse-forming line, spark switch cavity and the pulse transmission line that connect successively, be provided with spark switch in described spark switch cavity, and be filled with high pressure nitrogen in described spark switch cavity.
3. thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described simulation lightning current passage is just to the center of described simulated experiment circuit, and one end of described voltage probe is connected with the center of described simulated experiment circuit.
4. thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described field measurement device comprises light source generator, photoreceiver and electric field probe, described electric field probe is arranged on below described simulated experiment circuit, one end of described electric field probe is connected with light source generator, the other end is connected with the input end of photoreceiver, and the output terminal of described photoreceiver is connected with described display device.
5. thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is equipped with ground connection iron plate below described simulation lightning current passage He below described simulated experiment circuit.
6. thunder and lightning induction voltage analogue test platform according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the contracting of the length of described simulated experiment circuit is than being 1/20, and the current amplitude of described simulation lightning current passage contracts than being 1/1000.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103364617B (en) * | 2013-07-28 | 2016-12-28 | 徐毓艺 | Test thunder and lightning device and method of testing |
| CN104820148A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-08-05 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Over-voltage measurement and simulation test platform of power transmission line |
| CN109444688B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-11-06 | 国网山西省电力公司大同供电公司 | 10kV distribution network insulated conductor and tree obstacle's thunderbolt analogue test platform |
| CN113252971A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司丽江供电局 | FDTD-based distribution line inductive lightning overvoltage calculation method |
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| US6407539B1 (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2002-06-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Apparatus and method for determining lightning protection of a building |
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| CN102053236A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-05-11 | 西安交通大学 | Square-wave generator and system and method for calibratig resistance voltage divider |
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2013
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6407539B1 (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2002-06-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Apparatus and method for determining lightning protection of a building |
| CN101251560A (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2008-08-27 | 清华大学 | Coupled type photoelectricity integration sensor for electric field measurement |
| CN102053236A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-05-11 | 西安交通大学 | Square-wave generator and system and method for calibratig resistance voltage divider |
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