CN103529261A - Device and method for measuring time-domain waveforms of ultrafast pulses - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring time-domain waveforms of ultrafast pulses Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for measuring time-domain waveforms of ultrafast pulses. The device comprises a microwave signal source, a femtosecond pulse laser, a light guide probe, a coaxial-to-coplanar converter, a coplanar waveguide and a lock-in amplifier, wherein the microwave signal source provides a microwave signal source for an ultrafast pulse generator and the femtosecond pulse laser, so that the ultrafast pulse generator generates the ultrafast pulses; the coaxial-to-coplanar converter transmits the received ultrafast pulses to the coplanar waveguide to generate ultrafast pulse electric fields; and time-delay lasers stimulate the light guide probe to generate photosensitive currents under the effect of the ultrafast pulse electric fields, and sampling is conducted through the lock-in amplifier. The device has the advantages that the ultrafast pulses with the pulse width of sub-10ps can be measured, the ultrafast pulses transmitted coaxially can be measured, and the ultrafast pulses transmitted in a planar manner can also be measured, so that a new breakthrough in measurement of the time-domain waveforms of the ultrafast pulses is realized, and the level of measurement of instruments, equipment and devices, which can generate the ultrafast pulses, is raised.
Description
Technical field
The device that the present invention and a kind of time domain waveform are measured, particularly a kind of device and method of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform.
Background technology
At present, the traditional measurement device of measurement ultrafast pulse time domain waveform is digital oscilloscope.The bandwidth that is limited in digital oscilloscope and the rise time of this measurement mechanism, and only the signal of coaxial system transmission is had compared with high measurement ability.At present the available oscillographic high bandwidth of business is the sampling oscilloscope of 100GHz and the real-time oscilloscope of 65GHz, the theoretical value of its rise time is approximately 4ps and 6ps, cannot meet the measurement demand of the ultrafast pulse time domain waveform that pulse half-amplitude width reduces day by day.
Along with the development of ultrafast pulse generating technique, utilize photoelectric technology can produce the ultrafast pulse that pulsewidth is narrower, amplitude is higher.When such pulse signal transmits in the device of planar structure, just can better guarantee its characteristics of signals.If the ultrafast pulse time domain plethysmographic signal of coplanar like this transmission is used oscilloscope measurement, cannot obtain the actual measured results of time domain waveform, thus, need to study the measurement that new method is carried out the ultrafast pulse time domain waveform of planar transmission.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of device and method of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform, solving tradition uses oscillograph to measure ultrafast pulse time domain waveform, due to oscillograph bandwidth and the restriction of rise time at present, while making oscilloscope measurement ultrafast pulse time domain waveform, can introduce the problem of larger error to measurement result.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A device of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform, this measurement mechanism comprises: for generation of the microwave signal source of the first microwave signal and second microwave signal of synchronic base; Based on described the first microwave signal, produce the femtosecond pulse laser of femtosecond pulse, the delay unit and the optical probe that along the transmission path of this femtosecond pulse, set gradually; For exporting the reference signal output terminal of described the second microwave signal; For inputting the ultrafast pulse signal input part of the ultrafast pulse signal of synchronizeing with described femtosecond pulse; What along the transmission path of this ultrafast pulse signal, set gradually is coaxial to coplanar converter and co-planar waveguide, and described optical probe is provided to produce photosensitive electric current under ultrafast pulse electric field action that the described femtosecond pulse through delay unit time delay encourages described optical probe to produce at described co-planar waveguide with respect to the position of described co-planar waveguide; And lock-in amplifier, for the time delay with described delay unit, correspondingly described photosensitive electric current is sampled and obtained sampled signal.
Preferably, this measurement mechanism also comprises function generator, power splitter and ultrafast pulse modulator; Described power splitter is divided into by the modulation signal from function generator first via signal and the second road signal that frequency is identical; Described ultrafast pulse modulator connects based on the described first via signal ultrafast pulse signal from described input end is modulated, and modulated ultrafast pulse signal is outputed to described coaxial to coplanar converter; Described lock-in amplifier receives described the second road signal as its reference signal.
Preferably, this measurement mechanism also comprises to be controlled and computing unit, described control and computing unit are controlled respectively optical time delay line and lock-in amplifier, so that the time delay of described femtosecond pulse and the sampling of lock-in amplifier are corresponding, and described sampled signal is processed to the time domain waveform that obtains described ultrafast pulse signal based on equivalent sampling theorem.
Preferably, described coaxial coaxial to coplanar adapter to coplanar converter employing.
Preferably, described coaxially to coplanar converter together ground roll pilot connect.
Preferably, the photosensitive gap plane of described optical probe and the plane parallel of co-planar waveguide, and the photosensitive gap of optical probe and the distance between co-planar waveguide surface are 5 μ m～10 μ m.
A method of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform, the method comprises
Microwave signal source is exported first via microwave signal and the second tunnel microwave signal of synchronic base;
Utilize femtosecond pulse laser to produce femtosecond pulse based on described the first microwave signal,
Using described the second microwave signal as the ultrafast pulse signal that obtains with reference to signal synchronizeing with described femtosecond pulse;
This ultrafast pulse signal is carried out coaxial to coplanar conversion and transfer to co-planar waveguide;
This femtosecond pulse is injected after time delay in the photosensitive gap of optical probe, under the ultrafast pulse electric field action that makes the described femtosecond pulse through delay unit time delay encourage described optical probe to produce at described co-planar waveguide, produced photosensitive electric current;
Correspondingly described photosensitive electric current is sampled and obtained sampled signal with the time delay of described delay unit.
Preferably, the method further comprises: utilize function generator to produce modulation signal, and this modulation signal is divided into first via signal and the second road signal that frequency is identical, based on described first via signal, modulate described ultrafast pulse signal, and using described the second road signal as with reference to sampled signal described in signal demodulation.
Preferably, based on equivalent sampling theorem, described sampled signal is processed the time domain waveform that obtains described ultrafast pulse signal
Preferably, the method further comprises utilizes optical time delay line to carry out time delay to described femtosecond pulse, and the femtosecond pulse after time delay is focused on.
The invention has the advantages that the true time domain waveform that can record the ultrafast pulse that oscillograph is difficult to record based on photoelectric technology, the equivalent bandwidth of photoconduction sampling can reach 300GHz, can ranging pulse width the ultrafast pulse of sub-10ps, not only can improve the precision of the ultrafast pulse of measuring coaxial transmission, and can measure the ultrafast pulse of the planar transmission running in actual conditions, realized the new breakthrough that ultrafast pulse time domain waveform is measured, improved producing the measurement level of instrument and equipment and the device of ultrafast pulse.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is shown a kind of schematic diagram of the device of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform.
A1, reference signal output terminal in figure, A2, ultrafast pulse signal input part;
1, microwave signal source, 2, femtosecond pulse laser, 3, optical time delay line, 4, optical probe, 5, ultrafast pulse generator, 6, ultrafast pulse modulator, 7, coaxially arrive coplanar adapter, 8, co-planar waveguide, 9, function generator, 10, power splitter, 11, lock-in amplifier, 12, computing machine.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is described further below.
Fig. 1 is shown a kind of according to the preferred embodiment of the invention schematic diagram of the device of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform.This measurement mechanism comprises reference signal output terminals A 1 and ultrafast pulse signal input part A2.This device further comprises microwave signal source 1, pulse per second (PPS) laser instrument 2, and delay unit, optical probe 4, ultrafast pulse modulator 6, coaxially arrives coplanar converter, co-planar waveguide 8, function generator 9, power splitter 10, lock-in amplifier 11, and control and calculation element.Microwave signal source 1 is for generation of the first microwave signal and second microwave signal of synchronic base, the frequency stabilization reference input of its first output terminal and femtosecond pulse laser 2 is connected, the second output terminal is used for being connected with the External Reference input end of ultrafast pulse generator 5 as the reference signal output terminal of measurement mechanism, and output reference frequency is for example the second microwave signal of 10MHz.Femtosecond pulse laser 2 produces femtosecond pulse based on described the first microwave signal.Ultrafast pulse generator 5 is usingd this second microwave signal as produce the ultrafast pulse signal of synchronizeing with femtosecond pulse with reference to signal.The input end A2 of this measurement mechanism receives described ultrafast pulse signal for being connected with the signal output part of ultrafast pulse generator 5.The signal output part of function generator 9 is connected with the signal input part of power splitter 10, and the first output terminal of power splitter 10 is connected with the modulation signal input end of ultrafast pulse modulator 6 and the reference signal input end of lock-in amplifier 11 respectively with the second output terminal.The modulation signal of ultrafast pulse modulator 6 based on from power splitter modulated ultrafast pulse signal, and its signal output part is connected with the coaxial coaxial signal input part to coplanar converter to coplanar adapter 7.The coaxial signal output part to coplanar adapter 7 is connected with co-planar waveguide 8.The space transmission femtosecond pulse of the light output end of femtosecond pulse laser 2 is by for example delay unit of optical time delay line 3, and the femtosecond pulse excitation by optical time delay line 3 is positioned over optical probe 4 gaps apart from the surperficial 5 μ m positions, μ m～10 of co-planar waveguide 8.The signal output part of optical probe 4 is connected with the signal input part of lock-in amplifier 11, and computing machine 12 is connected with the control end of optical time delay line 3 with lock-in amplifier by GPIB control line.
Described in Fig. 1, the course of work of measurement mechanism is: microwave signal source 1 is respectively the first microwave signal and the second microwave that femtosecond pulse laser 2 and ultrafast pulse generator 5 provide synchronic base, guarantees that the femtosecond pulse producing synchronizes with the ultrafast pulse of input measurement device.Function generator 9 produces modulation signals and by being divided into synchronous first via signal and the second road signal after power splitter 10.First via signal is output to ultrafast pulse modulator 6, and ultrafast pulse modulator 6 carries out pulsed modulation based on this first via signal to the ultrafast pulse of input.The second road signal is output to lock-in amplifier, as the reference signal of lock-in amplifier 11.By 3 Wei Gaojingdupingyitai, will coaxially arrive coplanar adapter 7 and co-planar waveguide 8 crimping, by 5 Wei Gaojingdupingyitai, adjust distance and the angle on optical probes 4 and co-planar waveguide 8 surfaces, make optical probe 4 gaps parallel with co-planar waveguide 8 electrodes and be on the space apart from the surperficial 5 μ m～10 μ m of co-planar waveguide 8.By 3 transmission of optical time delay line, regulate optical time delay line 3 to make light in whole reference time delay can collimate transmission the femtosecond pulse of femtosecond pulse laser 2 space outputs.Femtosecond pulse by 3 transmission of optical time delay line is focused on to the photosensitive gap of excitation optical probe 4.In co-planar waveguide 8, the radiated electric field of the ultra-fast electrical pulse of transmission can apply voltage to two ends, photosensitive gap, and the photo-generated carrier generation directed movement that the place, photosensitive gap after blasting is produced produces photosensitive electric current.Because the photosensitive electric current producing is very faint, uses lock-in amplifier to carry out sampled measurements to photogenerated current and obtain sampled signal.The size of photosensitive electric current is extrapolated to the electric field intensity that is applied to two ends, the photosensitive gap of optical probe 4 by electrooptical effect.Control and computing unit by for example computing machine 12 are controlled optical time delay line 3 and the sampled measurements of lock-in amplifier 11 realizations to ultrafast pulse time domain waveform.
The concrete implementation step of the present invention is:
(1), the first output of microwave signal source 1 is connected to the frequency stabilization reference signal input end of femtosecond pulse laser 2, guarantee in the reference frequency that locks onto microwave signal source 1 that the repetition frequency of femtosecond pulse of femtosecond pulse laser output is stable.
(2) the output signal of, the second output of for example 10MHz time-base signal of microwave signal source 1 is connected to the reference signal input end of ultrafast pulse generator 5, guaranteeing ultrafast pulse generator 5 is exported femtosecond pulses with femtosecond pulse laser 2 and is synchronizeed.
(3), the output port of ultrafast pulse generator 5 is directly connected to the ultrafast pulse signal of input end input ultrafast pulse modulator 6 generations of measurement mechanism.
(4), the signal output port of ultrafast pulse modulator 6 is directly connected to the coaxial signal input port to coplanar adapter 7.
, by 3 Wei Gaojingdupingyitai, regulate coaxially to coplanar adapter 7, the coaxial signal output part to coplanar adapter 7 is crimped onto on co-planar waveguide.
, the signal output part of function generator 9 is connected to the signal input part of power splitter 10, the output signal that function is preferably square-wave signal is set, frequency control is at for example 1KHz～20KHz, amplitude is controlled at for example 4V～5V.
(7), the first via signal output of power splitter 10 is connected to the modulation signal input end of ultrafast pulse modulator 6.The ultrafast pulse signal that ultrafast pulse modulator 6 receives based on this modulation signal modulation.
(8), the second road signal output of power splitter 10 is connected to the reference signal input end of lock-in amplifier 11.Lock-in amplifier carries out demodulation based on this reference signal to sampled signal.
(9), the femtosecond pulse of the space transmission of femtosecond pulse laser 2 outputs is incided on the light input reflection mirror of optical time delay line 3.
, regulate incidence reflection mirror and the outgoing catoptron of optical time delay line 3, make in delay line moving range, to guarantee to collimate through the femtosecond pulse of optical time delay line 3 transmission.
(11), the light of optical time delay line 3 outgoing catoptrons is focused on.
(12), the femtosecond pulse after focusing on is incided to the place, photosensitive gap of optical probe 4.
(13), by 5 Wei Gaojingdupingyitai, regulate optical probe 4, make the photosensitive gap plane of optical probe 4 and the plane parallel of co-planar waveguide 8, regulate the photosensitive gap of optical probe 4 and the distance between co-planar waveguide 8 surfaces simultaneously, make this distance for example at 5 μ m～10 μ m, so that encourage described optical probe to produce photosensitive electric current under the ultrafast pulse electric field action of described co-planar waveguide generation through the femtosecond pulse of delay unit time delay.
(14), the signal output port of optical probe 4 is connected to the signal input part of lock-in amplifier 11.
(15), by computing machine 12, control optical time delay line 3 and realize optical time delay.
(16) measurement result is measured and gathered to the photogenerated current of, locating by the photosensitive gap of 11 pairs of optical probes 4 of computing machine 12 control lock-in amplifiers.
(17), by computing machine 12, control the 3 every steppings of optical time delay line once, corresponding control lock-in amplifier 11 carries out a data acquisition, make optical time delay line 3 scanning one-periods, by the processing of the measurement data collecting in the whole cycle being calculated and drawn based on electrooptical effect principle, just can obtain the time domain waveform of ultrafast pulse.
According to the above, the present invention is based on the true time domain waveform that photoelectric technology can record the ultrafast pulse that oscillograph is difficult to record.According to the present invention, the equivalent bandwidth of the photoconduction of measurement mechanism sampling can reach 300GHz, can ranging pulse width the ultrafast pulse that is sub-10ps, not only can improve the precision of the ultrafast pulse of measuring coaxial transmission, and can measure the ultrafast pulse of the planar transmission running in actual conditions, realized the new breakthrough that ultrafast pulse time domain waveform is measured, improved producing the measurement level of instrument and equipment and the device of ultrafast pulse.
Can be understood as, the present invention is described by some embodiment, and those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can carry out various changes or equivalence replacement to these features and embodiment.In addition, under instruction of the present invention, can modify to adapt to concrete situation and material and can not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention these features and embodiment.Therefore, the present invention is not subject to the restriction of specific embodiment disclosed herein, and the embodiment within the scope of all the application's of falling into claim belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a device of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform, is characterized in that: this measurement mechanism comprises:
Microwave signal source for generation of the first microwave signal and second microwave signal of synchronic base;
Based on described the first microwave signal, produce the femtosecond pulse laser of femtosecond pulse,
The delay unit and the optical probe that along the transmission path of this femtosecond pulse, set gradually;
For exporting the reference signal output terminal of described the second microwave signal;
For inputting the ultrafast pulse signal input part of the ultrafast pulse signal of synchronizeing with described femtosecond pulse;
What along the transmission path of this ultrafast pulse signal, set gradually is coaxial to coplanar converter and co-planar waveguide, position with respect to described co-planar waveguide is provided with an optical probe, for producing photosensitive electric current under the ultrafast pulse electric field action that makes the described femtosecond pulse through delay unit time delay encourage described optical probe to produce at described co-planar waveguide; With
Lock-in amplifier, correspondingly samples and obtains sampled signal described photosensitive electric current for the time delay with described delay unit.
2. a kind of device of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this measurement mechanism also comprises function generator, power splitter and ultrafast pulse modulator;
Described power splitter is divided into by the modulation signal from function generator first via signal and the second road signal that frequency is identical;
Described ultrafast pulse modulator connects based on the described first via signal ultrafast pulse signal from described input end is modulated, and modulated ultrafast pulse signal is outputed to described coaxial to coplanar converter;
Described lock-in amplifier receives described the second road signal as its reference signal.
3. a kind of device of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this measurement mechanism also comprises to be controlled and computing unit,
Described control and computing unit are controlled respectively delay unit and lock-in amplifier, so that the time delay of described femtosecond pulse and the sampling of lock-in amplifier are corresponding, and described sampled signal is processed to the time domain waveform that obtains described ultrafast pulse signal based on equivalent sampling theorem.
4. a kind of device of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described coaxial coaxial to coplanar adapter to coplanar converter employing.
5. a kind of device of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described coaxially to coplanar adapter together ground roll pilot connect.
6. a kind of device of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the photosensitive gap plane of described optical probe and the plane parallel of co-planar waveguide, and the photosensitive gap of optical probe and the distance between co-planar waveguide surface are 5 μ m～10 μ m.
7. a method of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform, is characterized in that: the method comprises
Microwave signal source is exported first via microwave signal and the second tunnel microwave signal of synchronic base;
Utilize femtosecond pulse laser to produce femtosecond pulse based on described the first microwave signal,
Using described the second microwave signal as the ultrafast pulse signal that obtains with reference to signal synchronizeing with described femtosecond pulse;
This ultrafast pulse signal is carried out coaxial to coplanar conversion and transfer to co-planar waveguide;
This femtosecond pulse is injected after time delay in the photosensitive gap of optical probe, under the ultrafast pulse electric field action that makes the described femtosecond pulse through delay unit time delay encourage described optical probe to produce at described co-planar waveguide, produced photosensitive electric current;
Correspondingly described photosensitive electric current is sampled and obtained sampled signal with the time delay of described delay unit.
8. according to a kind of method of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform described in claim 7, it is characterized in that: the method further comprises:
Utilize function generator to produce modulation signal, and this modulation signal be divided into first via signal and the second road signal that frequency is identical,
Based on described first via signal, modulate described ultrafast pulse signal, and
Using described the second road signal as with reference to sampled signal described in signal demodulation.
9. according to a kind of method of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform described in claim 7, it is characterized in that: based on equivalent sampling theorem, described sampled signal is processed the time domain waveform that obtains described ultrafast pulse signal
10. according to a kind of method of measuring for ultrafast pulse time domain waveform described in claim 7, it is characterized in that: the method further comprises utilizes optical time delay line to carry out time delay to described femtosecond pulse, and the femtosecond pulse after time delay is focused on.
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| CN106571880A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-04-19 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | System and method for measuring transmission parameters of terahertz device |
| CN106646323A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-10 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Coplanar waveguide probe transmission characteristic measuring apparatus and method |
| CN107703562A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-16 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of apparatus and method for the calibration of high band balanced bandwidth photodetector common-mode rejection ratio |
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| CN112763083A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-05-07 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Picosecond-level pulse generator waveform parameter measuring device and method |
| CN113178220A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Ultrafast electric pulse generating and detecting device and using method thereof |
| WO2022222097A1 (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-10-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Ultra-fast electric pulse generating and detecting device and use method therefor |
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| CN106571880A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-04-19 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | System and method for measuring transmission parameters of terahertz device |
| CN106646323A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-10 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Coplanar waveguide probe transmission characteristic measuring apparatus and method |
| CN106646323B (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2019-03-22 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of co-planar waveguide probe transmission characteristic measuring device and method |
| CN107703562A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-16 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of apparatus and method for the calibration of high band balanced bandwidth photodetector common-mode rejection ratio |
| CN107703562B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-03-19 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of apparatus and method for the calibration of high band balanced bandwidth photodetector common-mode rejection ratio |
| CN110365403A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-22 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of Terahertz Broad-band Modulated Signal measuring device and method |
| CN111896787A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-11-06 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Measuring system and measuring method for radiation waveform of terahertz pulse radiator |
| CN112763082A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-05-07 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Picosecond-level pulse waveform parameter measuring device and method based on photoconductive technology |
| CN112763083A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-05-07 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Picosecond-level pulse generator waveform parameter measuring device and method |
| CN112763083B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-03-25 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Picosecond-level pulse generator waveform parameter measuring device and method |
| CN112763082B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-04-19 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Picosecond-level pulse waveform parameter measuring device and method based on photoconductive technology |
| CN113178220A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Ultrafast electric pulse generating and detecting device and using method thereof |
| WO2022222097A1 (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-10-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Ultra-fast electric pulse generating and detecting device and use method therefor |
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