CN104280167B - The hollow inclusion three dimensional stress test set of rock mass engineering project single hole multiple spot fiber grating - Google Patents
The hollow inclusion three dimensional stress test set of rock mass engineering project single hole multiple spot fiber grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN104280167B CN104280167B CN201410539814.2A CN201410539814A CN104280167B CN 104280167 B CN104280167 B CN 104280167B CN 201410539814 A CN201410539814 A CN 201410539814A CN 104280167 B CN104280167 B CN 104280167B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of hollow inclusion three dimensional stress test set of rock mass engineering project single hole multiple spot fiber grating. It primarily of two or more unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer, rigid connecting rod, to medium-height trestle, wavelength demodulation device and computer composition, unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer is made up of the hollow inclusion of epoxy resin, the end ring that is rigidly connected, optical fiber, grating, and optical fiber is fastened in the axial, radial of taseometer outside surface and spiral groove. Test set is installed in the boring in rock mass, is coupled with borehole wall rock mass by injection slurry, it is achieved rock mass engineering project three-dimensional turbulence stress distribution and temporal and spatial evolution thereof are tested. The present invention has been coupled fiber grating and hollow inclusion technology, underground water corrosion-resistant, anti-and electromagnetic interference, test precision height, to rock mass engineering project complicated geological and hydrology condition strong adaptability, underground tunnel and the slope rock mass three-dimensional turbulence stress test of the engineerings such as water conservancy and hydropower, mine, traffic can be widely used in.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hollow inclusion three dimensional stress test set of rock mass engineering project single hole multiple spot fiber grating, this device can be widely used in the underground tunnel of the engineerings such as water conservancy and hydropower, mine, traffic and the three-dimensional turbulence stress test of slope rock mass excavation and operational process.
Background technology
Rock engineering is composed the geologic media deposited and stress condition complexity, the landslide, landslide and the rock burst hazard that occur in large-scale engineering process of construction are the most critical factors affecting engineering construction safety and operation, and engineering accident often causes preparation of construction to damage and great personnel casualty accidents. First the generation of these disasters reflects the change of stress in rock mass, on-the-spot by stress evolution-information directly obtains and analyzes, can effectively realize early warning and the control of disaster, therefore, one of stress in rock mass in situ test most important content becoming rock engineering Disaster Study.
Stress test in rock mass is divided into two classes, and a class is the detecting earth stress in former rock, the deadweight of testing engineering rock mass and tectonic stress, and ripe testing method has stress relief by borehole overcoring technique, hydraulic pressure fracturing method etc.; Another class is Disturbance stress test, i.e. the changing conditions of stress in rock mass in testing engineering excavation disturbance and operational process. Existing excavation disturbance stress test is all based on the measuring technology placing sensor in boring usually, and allowing sensor be coupled with hole wall by medium, existing representative art has unidirectional borehole stressmeter, three-dimensional solid matrix taseometer, Australia's CSIRO three-dimensional hollow inclusion stress gauge in this respect both at home and abroad. China Patent Publication No. CN103398807A, CN103076128A, CN102095533A, CN102628716B, denomination of invention is respectively: three dimensional stress measuring apparatus in a kind of novel three-dimensional stress measurement sensor, a kind of tunnel 3-D stree field simulator, a kind of tectonic structure simulated experiment, the soft rock detecting earth stress method in deep and the device that recover principle based on flow stress, above-mentioned application case discloses four kinds of three-dimensional stress test devices based on electricity method. China Patent Publication No. CN102620870B, CN102175366A, denomination of invention is respectively: a kind of based on the rock three-way stress sensor of optical fiber grating sensing, the fiber grating testing device for testing of a kind of rock three-dimensional stress constraint and testing method, above-mentioned application case discloses two kinds of solid matrix three dimensional stress test sets based on Fiber Bragg Grating technology. Through comprehensive analysis and comparison, above-mentioned its defect of invention disclosed patent is: first, unidirectional borehole stressmeter can only test the stress in rock mass change in single direction, and above-mentioned three-dimensional solid matrix and Australia's CSIRO hollow inclusion stress gauge all can only the three-dimensional stress of single measuring point at the bottom of test hole or in hole, fail to realize the test to total length multiple spot stress of holing in rock mass; Secondly, existing by the test element of electricity method or associated electrical signals, its stability and poor anti jamming capability, the long term monitoring being unwell under the complicated mal-condition such as water, acid and alkali corrosion, rock cranny; Again, the above-mentioned solid matrix three dimensional stress test set based on Fiber Bragg Grating technology, multiple stress components of sensor test are completed by many fiber gratings respectively, owing to its background matrix is solid cubes or right cylinder, the sensitivity that high-strength metal material or concrete make this sensor be responded by strain of rock mass is lower, and the testing method that strainometer is arranged in the given plane of cubes, the test being suitable only in weak rock mass, can not the true and accurate reflection solid rock spatially three-dimensional stress constraint of suffered confined pressure and direction.
The Fiber Bragg Grating technology that twentieth century end grows up is applied widely, fiber grating is the periodic distribution structure of the specific refractory power utilizing uv-exposure technology to be formed in fiber cores, optical fiber grating sensing adopts optical wavelength coding, passive without underground water electric, corrosion-resistant, anti-and electromagnetic interference, strong and weak by signal and decay impact, and long distance of signal transmission, easy networking, the technology feature with extensive, networking, monitoring long-range, permanent, provides new approach to rock mass engineering project three dimensional stress and distribution tests thereof.
Summary of the invention
For the defect of above-mentioned existence, it is an object of the invention to based on single testing bore holes, reliably, accurately, the long-term three-dimensional turbulence stress distribution that obtains in rock mass engineering project excavation and operational process and in time, the Changing Pattern in space, the hollow inclusion three-dimensional turbulence stress test device of single hole multiple spot fiber grating is provided, realize the effective acquisition to landslide, landslide and rock burst hazard precursor information, for early warning and the control of engineering project disaster provides original position basic data.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, its technical solution is:
The hollow inclusion three dimensional stress test set of rock mass engineering project single hole multiple spot fiber grating, described device is by two or more unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer, rigid connecting rod, to medium-height trestle, wavelength demodulation device and computer composition, unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer is by the hollow inclusion of epoxy resin, be rigidly connected end ring, optical fiber is formed, the end ring that is rigidly connected is arranged on the two ends of the hollow inclusion of epoxy resin, it is connected in series by rigid connecting rod and bolt through the end ring that is rigidly connected between unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer, being sleeved on by medium-height trestle is rigidly connected on end ring, the hollow inclusion outside surface of epoxy resin has the axial recess that three are mutually 120 �� in the axial direction, radially have the first radial groove at axis point midway, have the 2nd radial groove with spacing 4cm successively in the left side of the first radial groove, 3rd radial groove, has the 4th radial groove with spacing 4cm successively on right side, 5th radial groove, the outside surface at the hollow inclusion of epoxy resin also has a clock wise spirals groove that pitch is 12cm and pitch is the counter-clockwise helical groove of 6cm, clock wise spirals groove, counter-clockwise helical groove is by axial recess and the first radial groove, 2nd radial groove, 3rd radial groove, 4th radial groove, the intersection point of the 5th radial groove, optical fiber is fastened at axial recess, first radial groove, 2nd radial groove, 3rd radial groove, 4th radial groove, 5th radial groove, in clock wise spirals groove and counter-clockwise helical groove, the hollow inclusion outside surface of epoxy resin is provided with epoxy resin protective layer, three axial recesses, counter-clockwise helical groove respectively with the first radial groove, 3rd radial groove, 4th radial groove forms three point of crossing A, B, C, optical fiber is at three point of crossing A, B, C is carved with axial grating respectively toward leading-out terminal direction, radial grating and oblique grating, two leading-out terminals of optical fiber are separately fixed at the inwall of the end ring that is rigidly connected, and draw via space in rigid connecting rod, access respectively on wavelength demodulation device, and wavelength demodulation device is connected by signal wire with computer.
Described rigid connecting rod is circular hollow shape, and single root pole length that is rigidly connected is 0.8��1.5m.
The width of described axial recess, the first radial groove, the 2nd radial groove, the 3rd radial groove, the 4th radial groove, the 5th radial groove, clock wise spirals groove and counter-clockwise helical groove is 1.0mm, and the degree of depth is 0.8mm.
Described axial grating, radial grating and oblique grating length are 8.0mm.
Owing to have employed above technical scheme, positively effect and the advantage of the hollow inclusion three dimensional stress test set of rock mass engineering project single hole multiple spot fiber grating of the present invention are: (1) is owing to have employed Fiber Bragg Grating technology, cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer underground water corrosion-resistant, anti-and electromagnetic interference, strong and weak by signal and decay impact, for the strong adaptability of rock mass engineering project complicated geological and hydrology condition, not only realize the stress in rock mass to construction phase of project to test, the long-term follow monitoring that more can be applied in engineering operation, good stability, reliability height; (2) the cylinder hollow inclusion adopted is basal body structure form, and three-dimensional stress constraint in actual response rock mass and direction, greatly strengthen the sensitivity of stress test and precision; (3) test set is arranged in the testing bore holes being marked with grout, efficiently solves the difficult problem that taseometer under the geology defect condition such as rock crushing, crack can not fully be coupled with rock mass; (4) form being connected in series by rigid connecting rod based on multiple unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer, not only achieve the test to single-point Disturbance stress in rock mass, also can realize the test to boring total length Disturbance stress spatial distribution and evolutionary process thereof.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer tomograph
Fig. 3 is that in Fig. 1, point of crossing A, B, C are spatially mutually 120 �� of schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is three grating layout drawings after the some partial enlargement of the A in Fig. 1
Fig. 5 is nine on simple optical fiber serial connection grating distribution schematic diagrams
Fig. 6 is the scheme of installation of test set in testing bore holes
Fig. 7 is the layout schematic diagram of testing bore holes in side slope
Fig. 8 is that the testing bore holes direct method in the tunnel of underground arranges schematic diagram
Fig. 9 is that the testing bore holes in the tunnel of underground buries method layout schematic diagram in advance.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the hollow inclusion three dimensional stress test set of rock mass engineering project single hole multiple spot fiber grating of the present invention is described in further detail.
See accompanying drawing 1, 2, 3, the hollow inclusion three dimensional stress test set of rock mass engineering project single hole multiple spot fiber grating, described device is by two or more unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer 1, rigid connecting rod 2, to medium-height trestle 3, wavelength demodulation device 5 and computer 6 form, unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer 1 is by the hollow inclusion 9 of epoxy resin, be rigidly connected end ring 8, optical fiber 4 is formed, the end ring 8 that is rigidly connected is arranged on the two ends of the hollow inclusion 9 of epoxy resin, it is connected in series by rigid connecting rod 2 and bolt 21 through the end ring 8 that is rigidly connected between unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer 1, medium-height trestle 3 is sleeved on and is rigidly connected on end ring 8. epoxy resin hollow inclusion 9 outside surface has the axial recess 10 that three are mutually 120 �� in the axial direction, the first radial groove 15 is radially had at axis point midway, the 2nd radial groove 13, the 3rd radial groove 14 is had with spacing 4cm successively in the left side of the first radial groove 15, having the 4th radial groove 16, the 5th radial groove 17 with spacing 4cm successively on right side, the outside surface at the hollow inclusion 9 of epoxy resin also has a clock wise spirals groove 11 that pitch is 12cm and pitch is the counter-clockwise helical groove 12 of 6cm. clock wise spirals groove 11, counter-clockwise helical groove 12 are by the intersection point of axial recess 10 and the first radial groove 15, the 2nd radial groove 13, the 3rd radial groove 14, the 4th radial groove 16, the 5th radial groove 17, and optical fiber 4 is fastened in axial recess 10, first radial groove 15, the 2nd radial groove 13, the 3rd radial groove 14, the 4th radial groove 16, the 5th radial groove 17, clock wise spirals groove 11 and counter-clockwise helical groove 12. epoxy resin hollow inclusion 9 outside surface is provided with epoxy resin protective layer, article three, axial recess 10, counter-clockwise helical groove 12 respectively with the first radial groove 15, 3rd radial groove 14, 4th radial groove 16 forms three point of crossing A, B, C, optical fiber 4 is at three point of crossing A, B, C is carved with axial grating 18 respectively toward leading-out terminal direction, radial grating 19 and oblique grating 20, two leading-out terminals of optical fiber 4 are separately fixed at the inwall of the end ring 8 that is rigidly connected, draw via space in rigid connecting rod 2, access respectively on wavelength demodulation device 5, wavelength demodulation device 5 is connected by signal wire with computer 6.
Described rigid connecting rod 2 is circular hollow shape, and single root rigid connecting rod 2 length is 0.8��1.5m, is all threaded connection between rigid connecting rod 2 and the end ring 8 that is rigidly connected, many rigid connecting rods 2.
The width of described axial recess 10, first radial groove 15, the 2nd radial groove 13, the 3rd radial groove 14, the 4th radial groove 16, the 5th radial groove 17, clock wise spirals groove 11 and counter-clockwise helical groove 12 is 1.0mm, and the degree of depth is 0.8mm.
Described axial grating 18, radial grating 19 and oblique grating 20 length are 8.0mm.
The right cylinder wall thickness of the hollow inclusion 9 of described epoxy resin is 1.0��2.5mm, and its length is 3��5 times of testing bore holes 22 diameter.
The arrangement of concrete fiber grating on hollow inclusion is as follows:
Seeing accompanying drawing 3,4,5, the present invention is only wound around by an optical fiber 4 by described unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer 1, and two leading-out terminals of simple optical fiber are fixed on the inwall of the end ring 8 that is rigidly connected, and draws via space in rigid connecting rod 2. In order to implement the space measurement of three dimensional stress in rock mass, first, the groove of three kinds of different directions is carved at the outside surface of the hollow inclusion 9 of epoxy resin: (1) three axial recess 10; (2) first radial grooves 15, the 2nd radial groove 13, the 3rd radial groove 14, the 4th radial groove 16, the 5th radial groove 17; (3) clock wise spirals groove 11, counter-clockwise helical groove 12. Secondly, optical fiber 4 is detoured in above-mentioned three kinds of different directions grooves, optical fiber 4 with the first radial groove 17, the 3rd radial groove 16, the 4th radial groove 18 respectively is formed three point of crossing A, B, C by the optical fiber 4 in counter-clockwise helical groove 12, owing to three axial recesses 10 are mutually 120 ��, therefore three corresponding formation of point of crossing A, B, C is mutually the spatial relation of 120 ��. Again, optical fiber 4 is carved axial grating 18, radial grating 19 and oblique grating 20 respectively by design in these three point of crossing toward leading-out terminal direction. Therefore, the final optical fiber 4 formed on described unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer 1 comprises three groups of different spaces distribution gratings, often group is made up of three gratings, according to stress test ultimate principle, the fiber bragg grating sensing device of this spatial distribution can effectively implement the test of the three dimensional stress in rock mass.
Seeing accompanying drawing 6, the concrete installation testing scheme of test set in boring is as follows:
(1) testing bore holes 22 is outputed in the design position needed for tested object;
(2) be linked in sequence in the aperture of test boring 22 unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer 1, to medium-height trestle 3, rigid connecting rod 2, Laying injection pipe 24, constantly pushes in access aperture by test set;
(3) reliability of verification test device, is installed at each unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer 1 and pushes after in access aperture, light 4 leading-out terminal is accessed (FBG) demodulator 5, is surveyed the data reading each taseometer by computer 6;
(4) shutoff testing bore holes 22 carries out slip casting behind aperture;
(5) excavate in operational process at rock mass engineering project, by the grating strain data on each unit taseometer of design requirements dynamic test, tested first principles computations three dimensional stress size and direction by circular hollow inclusion taseometer.
It is ring-shaped rubber thin slice material to medium-height trestle 3, thickness is 6mm, when test set is installed, being sleeved on by medium-height trestle 3 is rigidly connected on end ring 8, due to the little 2mm of diameter of the diameter ratio testing bore holes 22 to medium-height trestle 3, therefore effectively prevent unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer 1 directly to contact with the hole wall of testing bore holes 22, thus form annulus between the outside surface and testing bore holes 22 hole wall of the hollow inclusion 9 of epoxy resin, it is to increase slip casting coupling effect.
Unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer 1 is coupled with the hole wall of testing bore holes 22 by injection slurry 23. Optical fiber 4 and Grouting Pipe 24 are passed through by the internal space of unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer 1, be rigidly connected end ring 8 and rigid connecting rod 2. For the unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer 1 at the bottom of hole, its bottom is closed by round rubber plug 7, Grouting Pipe 24 is through rubber plug 7 and carries out annular contact surface encapsulation process by tackiness agent, prevents injection slurry 23 from entering into the internal space of unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer 1 and rigid connecting rod 2.
The arrangement of concrete testing bore holes is as follows:
Seeing accompanying drawing 7,8,9, the present invention is when practical application, and for different tested objects, the decoration form of testing bore holes 22 is:
(1) for rock slope engineering, the testing bore holes 22 of any direction is outputed according to the corresponding position of design requirements on side slope surface 25;
(2) for underground tunnel engineering, test set be embedded with two kinds of methods, one is direct method, design section at test tunnel 26 outputs the testing bore holes 22 of any direction in rock mass, another kind for burying method in advance, namely by near test tunnel 26 tunnel excavation 27 output testing bore holes 22 to test tunnel 26 direction;
(3) diameter of testing bore holes 22 is 75mm, boring apparatus adopt diamond head revolution rig, it is ensured that hole straight, hole wall is smooth.
Claims (4)
1. the hollow inclusion three dimensional stress test set of rock mass engineering project single hole multiple spot fiber grating, it is characterized in that: described device is by unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer (1) of two or more, rigid connecting rod (2), to medium-height trestle (3) and wavelength demodulation device (5) and computer (6) composition, unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer (1) is by the hollow inclusion of epoxy resin (9), be rigidly connected end ring (8), optical fiber (4) is formed, the end ring (8) that is rigidly connected is arranged on the two ends of the hollow inclusion of epoxy resin (9), it is connected in series by rigid connecting rod (2) and bolt (21) through the end ring that is rigidly connected (8) between unit fiber grating cylinder hollow inclusion taseometer (1), medium-height trestle (3) is sleeved on the end ring that is rigidly connected (8), epoxy resin hollow inclusion (9) outside surface has the axial recess (10) that three are mutually 120 �� in the axial direction, the first radial groove (15) is radially had at axis point midway, the 2nd radial groove (13) is had with spacing 4cm successively in the left side of the first radial groove (15), 3rd radial groove (14), the 4th radial groove (16) is had with spacing 4cm successively on right side, 5th radial groove (17), outside surface at the hollow inclusion of epoxy resin (9) also has a clock wise spirals groove (11) that pitch is 12cm and pitch is the counter-clockwise helical groove (12) of 6cm, clock wise spirals groove (11), counter-clockwise helical groove (12) is by axial recess (10) and the first radial groove (15), 2nd radial groove (13), 3rd radial groove (14), 4th radial groove (16), the intersection point of the 5th radial groove (17), optical fiber (4) is fastened in axial recess (10), first radial groove (15), 2nd radial groove (13), 3rd radial groove (14), 4th radial groove (16), 5th radial groove (17), in clock wise spirals groove (11) and counter-clockwise helical groove (12), epoxy resin hollow inclusion (9) outside surface is provided with epoxy resin protective layer, article three, axial recess (10), counter-clockwise helical groove (12) respectively with the first radial groove (15), 3rd radial groove (14), 4th radial groove (16) forms three point of crossing (A), (B), (C), optical fiber (4) is at each point of crossing (A), (B), (C) axial grating (18) all it is carved with toward leading-out terminal direction, radial grating (19) and oblique grating (20), two leading-out terminals of optical fiber (4) are separately fixed at the inwall of the end ring that is rigidly connected (8), draw via the interior space of rigid connecting rod (2), access respectively on wavelength demodulation device (5), wavelength demodulation device (5) is connected by signal wire with computer (6).
2. the hollow inclusion three dimensional stress test set of rock mass engineering project single hole multiple spot fiber grating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described rigid connecting rod (2) is circular hollow shape, and single root rigid connecting rod (2) length is 0.8 ~ 1.5m.
3. the hollow inclusion three dimensional stress test set of rock mass engineering project single hole multiple spot fiber grating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the width of described axial recess (10), the first radial groove (15), the 2nd radial groove (13), the 3rd radial groove (14), the 4th radial groove (16), the 5th radial groove (17), clock wise spirals groove (11) and counter-clockwise helical groove (12) is 1.0mm, and the degree of depth is 0.8mm.
4. the hollow inclusion three dimensional stress test set of rock mass engineering project single hole multiple spot fiber grating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described axial grating (18), radial grating (19) and oblique grating (20) length are 8.0mm.
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